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Determinants of audit fee-evidence from indian companies
Several studies have examined the factors influencing audit fees across the world, especially on the possible conflict of interest of auditor and client that may be affecting the quality of audit. The paper is about the trend in audit fee in the Indian setting, with the backdrop of two regulatory changes: mandatory auditor rotation and the implementation of Ind AS, the converged version of IFRS. Examining the determinants of audit fees, the paper categorized the explanatory variables into three attributes; auditee (size, risk, and complexity), auditor (auditor size, tenure, joint audit, and auditor rotation), and regulatory (mandatory auditor rotation and IFRS). The sample consisted of all non-financial companies listed on the National Stock Exchange for a period of 10 years from 20092018 resulting in 12,419 firm years. The paper deployed panel data regression with fixed effects with audit fee as the dependent variable. The key findings suggested that audit fee was positively associated with the size of the auditor and the auditee and the ratio of accounts receivable. The paper also indicated that with the tenure of the auditor, the fee tended to increase, and auditor rotation had a significant impact on the auditor's fee. The findings of the study will help the policymakers on the regulation around auditor engagements. 2021, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Determinants of balance of payments- Evidence from Indian and US /
International Journal of Management Studies, Vol.5, Issue 5, Part , pp.116-120, ISSN No: 2249-0302 -
Determinants of bank profitability in India: Applications of count data models
This paper employs count data models, namely Poisson and negative binomial regression to investigate whether macroeconomic factors increase or decrease the count of number of 18 Indian public sector banks in losses. The analysis is based on quarterly data from Q3 2009 to Q4 2019. This paper also considers one and two lagged macroeconomic factors. The results provide a new perspective for understanding the determinants of bank profitability. The contemporary, one and two lagged gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate and inflation increase the count of number of banks in losses. Further, the count of number of banks in losses surges with increase in contemporary and one lagged index of industrial production (IIP). However, one and two lagged exchange rates are significant to shrink the count of number of banks in losses. This study enables banks and policy makers to deliberate on the macroeconomic determinants considered for this study. 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Determinants of Banks' Profitability: An Empirical Study on Select Indian Public and Private Sector Banks
In this study the determinants of banking profitability has been studied based on the secondary data. The entire study is classified into two parts (i) Public Sector Banks and (ii) Private Sector Banks. Various variables such as NPA, Operating Profit, Credit Size, ROA, Operating Expense, Total Income, Capital etc. and their interrelationship is studied through correlation coefficients, regression analysis, anova etc. The research observes that a large number of independent factors are responsible in determining banking profitability and that in those determinants some create a significant effect on profitability but some factors do not create any significant effect. It is observed that though macroeconomic variables are not so important to determine the profitability of a bank but the GDP growth rate creates a significant effect on determining the profitability of a bank. According to the study based on facts and figures collected, private sector banks performance is better than public sector banks. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Determinants of Book Built IPO underpricingdifferential issue size and market momentum approach revisited
Pricing of an Initial public offering (IPO) is a complex phenomenon. Price anomalies are commonly observed in IPO markets, especially in emerging markets. Investors perceived underpricing creates undue market momentum during the offer period with an asymmetric effect across different issue sizes. This study examines the determinants of Book Built IPOs underpricing by considering a sample of 180 Book Built IPOs that went public in India between 2011 and 2020. The determinants were verified for differential issue size public offers. Listing day performance was measured using Listing Day-Absolute Return (LD-AR) and Listing Day-Market Adjusted Return (LD-MAR) models. Further, the data obtained was tested for the explanatory capabilities of firm-specific and market momentum factors for underpricing using OLS models. Concerning the differential issue size, the study found a direct relationship between the issue size and underpricing. Dominant underpricing was observed in the case of moderate to large issue size with a linear progressive return, confirming that there was over-optimism on the part of investors. The studys results also revealed that momentum-specific factors have a significant influence along with firm-specific factors such as firm size, cash flows, a subscription rate of QIBs and RIIs in the listing day return, and underpricing. 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Determinants of consumer retention strategies for telecom service industry in Central India
The telecommunication industry has witnessed a tremendous growth in recent times in India. It has not only been limited to voice calls, but also integrated into every aspect of human life. This has resulted in the rapid rise of market players, offering innovative products and services. In this changing scenario, we have tried to design and check a model of various factors such as loyalty, satisfaction and switching barriers (customer relationship management, alternative attractiveness and switching cost) influencing consumer retention strategies in Indian telecom service industry. A structured and undisguised questionnaire and a convenient sampling method have been used to collect the data from respondents from three most populous cities (Indore, Bhopal, and Ujjain) of Central India. Around 450 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 318 usable responses were received for final analysis. The instrument was checked for validity and reliability before the data was analyzed. The hypotheses were tested through Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) for direct effect, and Multiple Moderating Regression Analysis (MMRA) for moderating effect. The results suggested that loyalty, satisfaction, switching barriers and customer relationship management are positively related and have a direct influence on consumer retention, but the relationship with alternative attractiveness has been found weak. Switching cost, as moderating variable, was found to be very effective and showed significant deviation in the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Vinod Sharma, Sunny Joseph, Jeanne Poulose, 2018 -
Determinants of corporate dividend policy in India: A dynamic panel data analysis
The present study empirically examines the determinants of dividend policy of National Stock Exchange (NSE) listed firms in India, using dynamic panel data model for the sample of 95 NSE listed firms with continuous dividend payments from 2012/2013 to 2017/2018. The empirical results reveal that profitability, liquidity, leverage, risk, size of the firm and inflation are the major determinants of dividend policy of selected NSE listed firms in India. Findings deduced from empirical evidence bears testimony to the fact that profitability, liquidity, size of the firm and inflation have significant negative impact on dividend policy of the selected NSE firms covered by the study. These findings seem contradictory to the expected outcome contained in the existing literature on the Indian context. The risk variable tends to have negative and significant impact, which is line with the existing literature. Besides, the lagged dividend, investment opportunities, taxation and yield curve do not play significant role in determining the dividend policy. 2020 Allied Business Academies. -
DETERMINANTS OF CREDIT RISK: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS
Credit risk is a significant factor affecting the financial stability of banks. Keeping the credit risk under control is essential to maintain a banks cash flow. This paper examines the various profitability, microeconomic and macroeconomic indicators that affect a banks credit risk. The study uses the dataset of 31 banks from 2012 to 2021 and employs a panel data modelling approach to account for any variations in risk-taking behavior. The results revealed a statistically significant negative relationship between return on equity and credit risk when nonperforming loans proxy credit risk. This finding was consistent across fixed effect, random effect, and pooled OLS methods, at 1 percent significance (P value < 0.00), indicating that the extent of credit risk decreases as profitability increases. It was further found that bank age and ownership type positively affect a banks credit risk, while factors such as bank size and operational efficiency negatively affect credit risk when nonperforming loans proxy credit risk. Further, macroeconomic variables showed that gross domestic product is positively associated with credit risk, while inflation negatively affects credit risk. Overall, the findings of this paper demonstrated that credit risk is affected by both micro and macroeconomic factors. The paper also addresses significant policy implications as it helps various stakeholders to examine the determinants of credit risk, make credit decisions, and ultimately lower their credit risk. Tisa Maria Antony, Suresh G., 2023. -
Determinants of employee eco-initiatives in Indian hotel industry
Results of a questionnaire survey completed by 402 respondents who were all employees of hotels that have adopted eco-friendly practices showed that eco-initiatives are significantly and positively correlated to conservatism, commitment to the cause of the environment, and monetary rewards and recognition; significantly and negatively correlated to self-transcendence and environmental training; and bear no significant relationship with environmental communication and self-enhancement. Future research should consider the role of guests in promoting employee eco-initiatives. Copyright 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Determinants of Equity Share Prices in India: A Panel Data Approach
The Romanian Economic Journal, Vol-15 (46), pp. 205-228. ISSN-1454-4296 -
Determinants of Financial Development in Top and Bottom Remittances and FDI Inflows Recipient Developing RegionsHow Does Institutional Quality Matter?
In this paper, we empirically examine the effects of remittances inflows, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, and institutional quality index on financial development index in the top (15 Europe and Central Asian countries) and bottom (29 Sub-Saharan African countries) remittances and FDI recipient developing regions using balanced panel data over the period 19842020. We used economic growth and government investment as control variables in the financial development function. The findings from the panel PMG-ARDL model indicate that inflows of remittances, FDI, and institutional quality stimulate (reduce) financial development in the top (bottom) region. This varying finding appears to be conditional on introducing institutional quality in financial development function as moderating factor. It finds that financial development is positively associated with remittance and FDI inflows in the presence of institutional quality as moderating channel for both the regions. Financial development is also significantly associated with economic growth in both regions. The mixed impact of domestic investment on financial development is found in both the regions. Our results are robust to the FGLS technique as an alternative econometric set-up. Interestingly, institutional quality reduces the weak effects of remittances and FDI inflows on financial development in the bottom region. Overall, our findings confirm the Mishkins (2009) economic globalization-led (i.e., remittances and FDI inflows) financial development hypothesis. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Determinants of Food Security in the Gulf Cooperation Council: A Cointegration Approach with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model
This paper examines the dynamics of the food import bill for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) during the period 1980 2019 using a co-integration approach of the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The study ascertains that the food market in the GCC is highly dependent on imports, which makes it vulnerable to any import disruption. The model confirms that there is a long-term relationship between the food import bill and its dynamics, with an adjustment rate of 37%, indicating that 37% of the deviations from the long-run path are corrected annually. The study demonstrates that in the long run, the food import bill was positively influenced by Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, exports, inflation, global food prices, and regional instability and negatively influenced by the local production index. Population growth has a significant impact only in the short run. The implications of the findings were discussed, and a food security framework for the GCC has been developed. Engineered Science Publisher LLC 2023. -
Determinants of Hand Washing Practices among Adolescents in India Findings from CNNS Data, 2016-18
The study attempts to assess the effect of socioeconomic determinants on access to Good Handwashing Practices (GHP) among the adolescent population in India. The Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), 2016-18 dataset is used to identify the predictor and outcome variable for the study. Binary logistic regression established the adolescents age and sex, mothers schooling, wealth index, and the region as a significant predictor for GHP. The study revealed that gender, age, caste, education, individual household wealth, and the region has a significant association with adolescent hand-washing practices, where economic conditions drive the individual practice of handwashing more than the behavioural aspect. It requires government intervention to improve sanitation and water facilities to accelerate hand-washing among adolescents in India. 2022 Tata Institute of Social Sciences. All rights reserved. -
Determinants of health system efficiency in middle-east countries-DEA and PLS-SEM model approach
This study presented a radically different approach to efficiency evaluation based on the impact of the Socioeconomic and Behavioral health determinants framework on health outcomes for the countries of Middle-East region. The level of education, employment, and the percentage of the population living in the rural area constitutes the socioeconomic framework. The prevalence of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption formed the behavioral framework. The model considers life expectancy at birth and mortality rate from non-communicable diseases as health outcomes. The econometric models of the PLS-SEM, the DEA, and the Malmquist TFP index are used to analyze the data. The DEA results highlight differences in the impact of socioeconomic and behavioral health determinants on health outcomes across the countries of the Middle-East region. Finally, evidence from the Malmquist TFP index shows an improvement in health production between the periods 20062017. Moreover, a substantial gap in efficiency is observed between economically prosperous countries and others who are less well-off. Furthermore, socioeconomic and behavioral frameworks positively impact life expectancy at birth. Similarly, the two frameworks have a negative impact on the mortality rate from chronic non-communicable diseases. A higher impact on health outcomes is observed in the socioeconomic as a behavioral framework in the model. The studys results have contributed to the policymakers, citizens, and the countrys government to compare the health system efficiencies across the middle-east region, which would help achieve the health outcome more efficiently. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2023. -
Determinants of Internal Branding for Customer-Orientation
International Journal of Research in Commerce, IT & Management, Vol-4 (5), pp. 33-38. ISSN-2231-5756 -
Determinants of Loan Repayment Behaviour of Bank Borrowers - A Relative Study with evidence from Bengaluru
The present study aimed to review the various factorsthat influence the credit score and find the effect of credit score and other financial aspects of an individuals loan repayment and whether they had ever defaulted. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire from 516 customers of twelve different banks in Bengaluru city during July-August 2019 using a stratified sampling method. The results revealed that credit score, loan amount, and loan repayment amount did not affect the loan repayment behaviour of individuals. However, the type of loan obtained and the kind of bank the loan is received significantly influence individuals loan repayment behaviour. Home loans, education loans, other loans and the loan obtained from a foreign bank were particularly significant in affecting the loan repayment of individuals. The high beta value for other loans indicates that most individuals who have no other loans have defaulted in repaying their dues. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Determinants of Procrastination among young adults in their academics and professional lives
Procrastination is one of the most pervasive issues which exist in contemporary times among students and professionals. This research aims to understand the modern determinants of procrastination, including factors such as Fear of Missing out (FOMO), Social Zapping, and Sensation Seeking with Impulsivity as a mediator. Limited research has talked about these variables connection with one another. The study was conducted by collecting data from 294 young adults using convenience and snowball sampling with scales of the five variables in question. A mediation analysis was performed which concluded that FOMO has a significant effect on procrastination. Additionally, Social Zapping and FOMO showed a significant relationship with impulsivity. This suggests that FOMO is the key factor that leads to students and professionals choosing to procrastinate their academic/work-related activities in favour of other alternatives such as social or recreational activities. 2023 RJ4All. -
Determinants of Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
The morbidity and mortality rates associated with breast cancer are a major public health concern globally. The resulting impairment in the patients quality of life (QOL) affects their health, symptoms, and well-being in physical, social, psychological, environmental, and sexual functioning. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature addressing the determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. A search of 6 electronic medical databases was undertaken. Employing a rigorous systematic protocol, eligible articles were analyzed and a total of 22 studies that met all eligibility criteria were included in the systematic review. The total sample size was 7,041 women ranging from 30 to 66 years. The determinants of QOL were found to cluster into 10 areas. These include the degree of pain, type and stage of cancer treatment, medical health, cognitive and behavioural factors, emotional health, physical activity and appearance, social factors, age and menopausal status, education and employment status, and ethnicity and religion. The types of breast cancer treatment and psychological parameters were the most common determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. These insights can help formulate proactive interventions that can be used by patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to build protective capacities and alleviate challenges to ensure superior quality of life in women with breast cancer. 2022,Journal of International Women''s Studies. All Rights Reserved. -
Determinants of renewable stock returns: The role of global supply chain pressure
This study investigates the determinants of the global renewable stocks index returns from November 2003 to August 2022. The explanatory variables include global supply chain pressure measures, climate policy uncertainty, global economic activity, and crude oil prices. The long-run panel dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations show that the global supply chain pressure, climate policy uncertainty, and global economic activity redound renewable stock returns. These results are robust enough to utilise different long-run estimation techniques. Potential policy implications are also discussed. 2023 The Authors -
Determination of Discharge Distribution in Meandering Compound Channels Using Machine Learning Techniques
Accurate flow rate prediction is essential to analyze flood control, sediment transport, riverbank protection, and so forth. The flow rate distribution becomes even more complicated in compound channels due to the momentum transfer between different subsections across the width of the channel. Conventional channel division methods estimate flow distribution at the main channel and floodplains by assuming a division line with zero apparent shear stress. The article attempts to develop a model to calculate the percentage of discharge in the main channel (%Qmc) using techniques such as Group Method of Data Handling - Neural Network (GMDH-NN) and gene-expression programming (GEP) by incorporating the effects of various geometric and hydraulic parameters. The paper proposes a modified channel division method with a variable-inclined interface, with zero apparent shear force distribution at the channel subsections according to the statistical indices employed to assess these models' performance in predicting %Qmc. This variable-inclined interface changes its slope according to the channel parameters. The model's effectiveness is verified by validating with experimental observations by conventional analytical methods. 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.