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Mayfly Algorithm for Optimal Integration of Hybrid Photovoltaic / Battery Energy Storage / D-STATCOM System for Islanding Operation
In today's power system design studies, autonomous and self-healing capabilities are becoming increasingly important. Renewable energy (RE) integration, on the other hand, is geared at long-term sustainability. In this regard, a hybrid energy system consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) source, battery energy storage (BESS), and distribution-static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) is proposed for optimal design and integration in the electrical distribution network (EDN) when short-term islanding operational requirements are taken into account. When considering grid-connected mode, the PV system is initially optimally allocated towards loss minimization. Following that, the capacities of BESS and D-STATCOM are assessed in the context of a short-term islanding scenario. The optimization problem is tackled utilising a recent meta-heuristic mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) in both stages. The simulations are run on an IEEE 33-bus EDN network. By having optimal PV system in grid-connected mode, it is observed that real power losses are reduced to 111.03 kW from 210.998 kW and reactive power losses are reduced to 81.684 kVAr from 143.033 kVAr. In addition, the minimum voltage in the network is raised to 0.9424 p.u. from 0.9038 p.u. On the other hand, by designing hybrid energy systems using PV, BESS, and D-STATCOM, the network is able to serve the entire load even under islanding conditions. MOA's competitiveness in solving difficult non-linear multivariable optimization problems was demonstrated in comparative research with literature publications. In addition, the proposed hybrid energy system can cope with the uncertainties and other requirements of current grids. 2022. All Rights Reserved. -
Spectral and temporal features of GX 13+1 as revealed by AstroSat
GX 13+1, a neutron star low-mass X-ray binary that exhibits the properties of both atoll and Z sources, is studied using data from Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) onboard AstroSat. The source traces a ? shaped track in its hardness-intensity diagram (HID). Spectral modelling of the data in the 0.7-30.0 keV energy range, with the model-+, yields orbital inclination angle (?) of 77. Flux resolved spectral analysis reveals the ? shaped pattern in the plots of spectral parameters kTe, kTbb, and ? versus Fbol, closely resembling the pattern traced in LAXPC HID. This indicates changes in the spectral properties of the corona and the boundary layer/accretion disc. Assuming that the accretion disc truncates at the AlfvCrossed D sign n radius, the upper limit of the magnetic field strength (B) at the poles of neutron star in GX 13+1 is calculated to be 5.10 108 G (for kA = 1 and ? = 0.1), which is close to that of atoll sources. Furthermore, thickness of the boundary layer is estimated to be 5.70 km, which results in the neutron star radius value of 14.50 km. Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) at 56 4 and 54 4 Hz are detected in Regions D and E of HID, respectively. The frequencies of these QPOs are similar to the characteristic frequency of horizontal branch oscillation and these do not exhibit a positive correlation with mass accretion rate. -
AstroSat's view of kHz quasi-periodic oscillations from 4U 1820?30
This study presents the spectro-temporal analysis of the neutron star low mass X-ray binary 4U 1820?30, using data from three observations conducted by AstroSat 's Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Array X-ray Proportional Counter. Spectral analysis revealed that the source spectra could be modelled using an absorbed blackbody and a multi-temperature disk model along with a Comptonization model with ?=1.24 ? 1.89 and the inner accretion disk located at an distance of ?17 km from the neutron star. This showed the source to be in the hard spectral state. Temporal analysis revealed the presence of kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) with frequencies in the 640 ? 1090 Hz range with root mean squared (RMS) amplitudes between 6 ? 10 per cent and quality factors between 8 ? 42. The RMS amplitude?energy and time lag?energy spectra of the upper and lower kHz QPOs hint them to be caused by modulations of photons having a common radiative mechanism. Moreover, the maximum RMS amplitude and time lag exhibited an anti-correlation with mass accretion rate. Using an analytical relation based on the relativistic precession model, the mass of the neutron star in the system was estimated to be 1.8 M?. The emission radius of one of the detected kHz QPOs was estimated to be ? 17 km. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Spin Frequency of Neutron Star in the Bright Atoll Source 4U 1705-44 Using NICER Observation
We conducted a systematic study of two thermonuclear type I X-ray bursts (B1 and B2) and the spectral properties of the bright atoll type neutron star low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1705?44 using NICER observation. In our analysis, a burst oscillation at ?702 Hz was detected during the double-peaked profile of burst B1. This provides the first strong evidence for the spin frequency of the neutron star, which establishes 4U 1705?44 as a rapid rotator. The measured convexity parameters of the bursts indicate that both bursts likely ignited at off-equatorial latitudes. The ignition depth of burst B1 was nearly twice that of B2, indicating substantial fuel consumption between the two events. The recurrence time of B2 (?1 hr) categorizes it as a short waiting time burst. The complementary spectral analysis of persistent emission, modeled with tbabsnthcomp+ diskbb), showed a hard state with a photon index ? < 1.12. The hardnessintensity diagram was consistent with the source being in the island state. Notably, the accretion disk appeared to extend close to the neutron star surface. 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. -
Supply chain leadership in emerging markets: Understanding the role of trust, information management, and collaboration
The massive growth of emerging economies in last two decades has attracted many global companies to expand their physical presence in these countries. But the ability to take advantage of those opportunities is only available to companies that appreciate the environmental challenges and complexity of the region. The lexicon of extant literature focuses on enhancing supply chain leadership and development of efficient and effective strategies in developed economies, yet the corresponding literature in emerging economies is very fragmented. The aim of this chapter is to synthesize the current literature to understand the phenomenon including its definitions, dimensions, and constructs and to propose a conceptual model for successful supply chain leadership in emerging markets. The study tries to understand and establish the impact of various factors of supply chain leadership, which leads to sustainable supply chain performance. Collaboration and information management emerge as the major drivers for supply chain leadership in emerging markets and identifies trust as a mediating factor. 2020 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
An Investigation into the Effects of Varying Seasons, Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Rooting Media on the Rooting and Longevity of Air-layered Water Apples (Syzygium samarangense L.)
Background: The variation observed in sexual propagation often results in slow growth and fruit development, attributed partly to insufficient photosynthates during early growth stages. To address this challenge, vegetative propagation methods such as air layering offer promising solutions. This technique not only accelerates productivity but also enhances the quality of water apples. Recognizing the importance of air layering in water apple cultivation, this experiment was conducted to standardize this technique by examining the impact of different seasons and planting media in the western tropical wet and dry climate of Tamil Nadu. Methods: The study was conducted to evaluate the variables affecting air layering in water apples in Coimbatore district. The experiment was carried out with three different factors like seasons [August (S1), September (S2) and October (S3)] and IBA [applied at different concentrations of 2000 mg/L (I1), 3000 mg/L (I2) and 4000 mg/L (I3)] along with different rooting media: Cocopeat (M1) and Sphagnum moss (M2). The factorial randomized complete block design (FRCBD) was laid out for statistical analysis. Result: Sphagnum moss performed as a better rooting medium due to its high water holding capacity and good aeration. Increase in the number and early formation of roots were due to more rain fall and high relative humidity in August, that resulted in more nutrient uptake and structural stability. The discovery aids in determining the optimal conditions, including season, dosage and combination (4000 mg/L IBA with sphagnum moss applied in August), for successful air layering in water apple. 2025, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved. -
Mining the web data for classifying and predicting users' requests
Consumers are the most important asset of any organization. The commercial activity of an organization booms with the presence of a loyal customer who is visibly content with the product and services being offered. In a dynamic market, understanding variations in client?s behavior can help executives establish operative promotional campaigns. A good number of new consumers are frequently picked up by traders during promotions. Though, several of these engrossed consumers are one-time deal seekers, the promotions undeniably leave a positive impact on sales. It is crucial for traders to identify who can be converted to loyal consumer and then have them patronize products and services to reduce the promotion cost and increase the return on investments. This study integrates a classifier that allows prediction of the type of purchase that a customer would make, as well as the number of visits that he/she would make during a year. The proposed model also creates outlines of users and brands or items used by them. These outlines may not be useful only for this particular prediction task, but could also be used for other important tasks in e-commerce, such as client segmentation, product recommendation and client base growth for brands. Copyright 2018 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Toxic waste colonialism : A re-evaluation of global management of transboundary hazardous waste /
Journal On Environment Law Policy And Development, Vol.3, pp.85-119, ISSN: 2348-7046. -
Parental Psychological Distress of Missed Diagnosis of Down Syndrome at Antenatal Screening: A Rare, but Still Real Occurrence-A Case Report and Review of Literature
Introduction: Prenatal screening programs are important components for pregnant women care and are often linked with grief and shock based on gestational age or the diagnosis. Lower/no sensitivity is also associated with these screening programs leading to providing false-negative outputs. Case Presentation: Present work shows a case of missed antenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome and its persistant medical and psychological impact on the family members. We have also discussed the relevant economic and medical-legal issues related to the context and aimed to maintain an adequate awareness among healthcare to discuss properly these investigations (difference between screening and diagnostic testing), their possible outcome (chances of false results) and enabled the pregnant women/couple to take informed decision on early pregnancy. Conclusion: These programs are considered as routine clinical practice in many countries from last few years and are necessary to assess the pros and cons of these programs. One of the prime cons involves the likeliness of obtaining a false-negative result due to lack of 100% sensitivity and specificity. 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel. -
Quadratic convective transport of Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanoliquid with Hall current, variable suction, and exponential heat source
The time-dependent slip flow and heat transport of the Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid through a vertical permeable plate with Hall current and variable suction is investigated. An exponential heat source and quadratic convection effects are considered. The dimensionless governing equations are solved analytically using the regular perturbation method. The graph of variation of the different flow fields with respect to the distance from the plate is drawn for the analysis. It is established that the exponential heat source aspect increased the temperature profile while the quadratic convection aspect decreased the temperature profile. The applied magnetic field and nonlinear convection aspects reduce the axial velocity field. The quadratic convection and exponential space-dependent heat source phenomena are favorable to friction factors. Furthermore, the global heat transfer is increased in the presence of an exponential space dependent heat source and hybrid nanoparticles. 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. -
Addressing quarter life crisis as a public health priority
The Quarter-Life Crisis (QLC), a period of intense self-doubt, anxiety, and identity confusion during early adulthood has become a widespread phenomenon affecting mental health and well-being globally. In the Indian context, this phase is further shaped by cultural expectations, economic uncertainty, and social transitions that shape young adults sense of purpose and stability. Although often discussed in psychological and sociological terms, the QLC remains under-addressed in public health discourse. This perspective paper argues for the recognition of QLC as a legitimate public health issue with cross-sector implications. Economic precarity, including unstable employment, student debt, and housing insecurity, plays a critical role in exacerbating this crisis, making it not only a psychological experience but also a condition influenced by broader socioeconomic and cultural forces. Drawing on developmental psychology, sociocultural theory, and the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this paper situates the Quarter-Life Crisis within Indias evolving social landscape and examines it as a social determinant of mental health. It further highlights community-based and digital interventions, such as resilience and self-compassion apps, that can support young adults. Integrating QLC into public health frameworks particularly those focused on Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3) can offer timely, systemic solutions to a rising mental health concern among Indias youth and the global young adult population. The Author(s) 2026. -
Some results on b-chromatic topological indices of some graphs
Graph coloring is assigning weights, integers, or colors to edges, vertices, or both in a graph subject to certain conditions. Proper coloring C of graph G refers to assigning weights, integers, or colors to the vertices, edges, or both so that adjacent vertices or adjacent edges get a different color. A b-coloring follows proper vertex coloring with subject to an additional property that each color class should have at least one vertex with a neighbor in all the other color classes. The notion of Chromatic Zagreb index and irregularity index was introduced recently. This paper introduces the concept of b-Chromatic Zagreb indices and b-Chromatic irregularity indices. Also, we compute these indices for certain standard classes of graphs. 2023 Author(s). -
QSPR Analysis On Octane Isomers Using Degree-Based Topological Indices?
Octane isomers are structures with the chemical formula C8H18. Despite having the same formula, they have variations in the way their atoms are arranged, leading to differences in their chemical and physical properties. In this paper, we conduct a QSPR analysis on various isomers of octane, focusing on specific degree-based topological indices. In QSPR studies, these measures, known as topological indices, are helpful in understanding and quantifying the biological effects of chemical compounds. We specifically look at how certain properties of octane, such as complexity, acentric factor, standard enthalpy of vaporization, entropy, and enthalpy of vaporization, are connected to these topological indices. Our research provides valuable insights into how these indices can predict the behavior of octane isomers, contributing to a better overall understanding of their properties. 2024, Tsing Hua University. All rights reserved. -
COMPUTATION OF b-CHROMATIC TOPOLOGICAL INDICES OF SOME GRAPHS AND ITS DERIVED GRAPHS
The two fastest-growing subfields of graph theory are graph coloring and topological indices. Graph coloring is assigning the colors/values to the edges/vertices or both. A proper coloring of the graph G is assigning colors/values to the vertices/edges or both so that no two adjacent vertices/edges share the same color/value. Recently, studies involving Chromatic Topological indices that dealt with different graph coloring were studied. In such studies, the vertex degrees get replaced with the colors, and the computation is carried out based on the topological index of our choice. We focus on b-Chromatic Zagreb indices and b-Chromatic irregularity indices in this work. This paper discusses the b-Chromatic Zagreb indices and b-Chromatic irregularity indices of the gear graph, star graph, and its derived graphs such as the line and middle graph. 2023, RAMANUJAN SOCIETY OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES. All rights reserved. -
RAINBOW CHROMATIC TOPOLOGICAL INDICES OF CENTRAL GRAPHS OF SOME GRAPHS
The chromatic topological indices concept was introduced recently. Many other variations concerning the chromatic topological indices have been studied lately. In this paper, we have calculated the first and second rainbow chromatic Zagreb indices and rainbow chromatic irregularity indices for central graph of some standard graph classes. Palestine Polytechnic University-PPU 2024. -
LRD: Loop Free Routing Using Distributed Intermediate Variable in Mobile Adhoc Network
One of the critical challenges in the design of the mobile adhoc networks is to design an efficient routing protocol. Mobility is an unique characteristics of wireless network, which leads to unreliable communication links and loss of data packets. We present a new algorithm, Loop Free Routing with DIV (LRD) is introduced which prevents loops and count to infinity problem using intermediate variables. In addition it finds the shortest path between source and destination. The analysis shows that DIV is compatible with all the routing protocol as it is independent of the underlying environment. The proposed algorithm LRD is compared with the existing algorithm of DIV to prove its applicability in the any routing environment. The simulation results show that LRD excels AODV routing protocol while considering throughput and packet delivery ratio. The new algorithm assures that the routing protocol is shortest loop-free path and outperforms all other loop-free routing algorithms previously proposed from the stand point of complexities and computations. Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. -
Decision Tree Based Routing Protocol (DTRP) for Reliable Path in MANET
In mobile ad hoc network due to node movements, there exists route failure in active data transmission which results in data loss and communication overheads. Hence, in such a dynamic network, routing through reliable path is one of the tedious tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel Decision Tree based Routing Protocol (DTRP) a data mining technique in route selection process from source to destination. The proposed DTRP protocol selects the one hop neighbors based on the parameters such as speed, Link Expiration Time, trip_time and node life time. Thus the performance of a route discovery mechanism is enhanced by selecting the stable one-hop neighbors along the path to reach the destination. The simulated results show that the lifetime of the route is increased and hence the data loss and end to end delay are minimized thereby increasing the throughput of the network using the proposed DTRP routing protocol compared to existing routing protocols. 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Forgotten lives: A mixed-methods study on cognitive decline associated with discrimination among elderly transgender individuals in India
Transgender older adults face a unique and under-researched set of health risks, particularly in relation to cognitive decline. This mixed-methods study explores how lifelong discrimination contributes to cognitive vulnerability among elderly transgender individuals in India. Quantitative data were collected through surveys with 137 participants aged 45 and above, while qualitative insights were drawn from 35 semi-structured interviews. Results revealed that the mean cognitive decline score (M = 5.93) was significantly higher than the general population benchmark (t(135) = 5.39, p < 0.001), with qualitative narratives expressing fear of gender reversal due to memory loss. Notably, over 69 % of respondents lacked confidence in healthcare providers' knowledge of transgender health needs, and 60 % reported frequent or constant social isolation. The findings were interpreted using Minority Stress Theory, highlighting the compounded impact of lifelong stigma, medical neglect, and aging. This study underscores the urgent need for trans-inclusive memory care, provider training, and policy-level reforms in eldercare services. 2025 Elsevier Ltd -
Exploring media representation and female-to-male transgender journeys in India: a redefining of masculinity
This paper argues that the invisibility of trans men in Indian media is not just a consequence of societal prejudice but a reflection of deeper structural biases within the discourse of masculinity itself. By examining both historical contexts and specific media representations, it demonstrates how trans men's experiences challenge the conventional association between masculinity and power, calling for more inclusive media portrayals. Psychotherapists and transgender studies researchers assert that gender is both distinctive and biological in origin while advocating for gender transitions to be supported through social change and queer perspectives. Despite increasing media exposure, many remain unfamiliar with transgender issues, leading to persistent misrepresentations. Trans men, unlike male-to-female transgender individuals, face unique stigma and often remain invisible in media narratives and public discourse. This paper utilises secondary data, textual analysis, and media analysis to examine the evolution of trans men in India and the media's role in shaping societal perceptions of trans-masculinity. It emphasises the need for improved media representation to enhance the visibility of trans men and to foster greater societal support and understanding within the broader transgender movement in India. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Visual-audio fusion in multimedia content analysis
The analysis of multimedia material has grown in importance due to the rapid expansion of digital media. Exploiting the combination of auditory and visual modalities for improved comprehension and interpretation of multimedia material has gained popularity in recent years. An extensive review of the methods, strategies, and uses of visual-audio fusion in multimedia content analysis is provided in this chapter. Combining auditory and visual modalities provides a number of benefits over single-modal analysis, such as increased robustness, deeper semantic comprehension, and better user experience. This chapter investigates a variety of fusion approaches, from late combination at the decision near to early synthesis at the feature nearby. Besides, it studies sophisticated fusion methods that allow for efficient integraton of data across modalities, such cross-modal attention processes and multimodal deep learning. Also looks at several other areas, such as multimedia retrieval, event detection, sentiment analysis, and emotional computing, where visual-audio fusion has been used successfully. It dialogs about the difficulties and potential paths ahead for the area, including how to deal with modality inconsistencies, manage massive multimedia information, and create fusion models that are understandable. To sum up, visual-audio fusion presents new possibilities for comprehending and analyzing complicated multimedia data and has the potential to significantly advance multimedia content analysis. 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.