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Detecting and Countering Misinformation Through NLP-Based Approach for Fake News Detection
The rapid expansion of digital media and the seamless transmission of information have raised serious concerns about the widespread dissemination of misinformation and fake news. Combatting this issue requires robust and effective techniques that can accurately detect and classify fake news. Natural language processing (NLP) approaches have emerged as powerful tools in this endeavor, leveraging advanced text classification algorithms to identify and counteract misinformation. This study includes NLP approaches for countering misinformation through text classification, with a specific focus on fake news detection. Leveraging natural language processing techniques, the project implements a text classification pipeline for identifying and distinguishing between genuine and fake news. The pipeline encompasses essential NLP steps such as tokenization and stop word removal. Traditional machine learning algorithms, such as the gradient boosting classifier, CatBoost classifier, random forest classifier, AdaBoost classifier, logistic regression, and SVM linear kernel are trained using the transformed data to classify news articles. This study explores feature engineering techniques and model evaluation to enhance the classification performance. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Affective geographies and the anthropocene: Reading shubhangi swarups latitudes of longing
This paper is a critical reading of the affective and emotional geographies imagined in the Islands plot-line of Shubhangi Swarups novel Latitudes of Longing (2018). The paper argues that Swarup presents the case of a rethinking environmental aesthetics that conveys a deeper sense of space, time, and place. By creating an ambient poetics to negotiate human and non-human interconnectedness, the paper demonstrates the strength of novelistic traditions and their potential to generate an idea of affect that is transcorporeal as one not located only in the site of the human body, instead, emanating from a more nuanced interconnectedness between the human and the non-human world. Informed by affective ecocriticism and Zayin Cabots multiple ontologies approach that generates ecologies of participation, the paper closely reads the Islands section to establish how literary illustrations provide an instance to widen the horizons of environmental engagement and generate a narrative imagination that encompasses a larger ecosystem cutting across geological spacetimes in the Anthropocene. Swarups use of fiction is critically used to generate an ecoaesthetics that leads to a more informed ethical action towards recognizing the interconnectedness of living and non-living forms that create sustainable ecologies. 2021 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore), ISSN: 0253-7222. -
At the Interface of Colonial Knowing and Unknowing: A Critical Reading of the Golden Camellia in Amitav Ghoshs River of Smoke
This paper is a critical reading of Amitav Ghoshs fictional representation of modes of acquisition, assimilation and dissemination of colonial knowledge in River of Smoke (2012). The paper highlights the cultural exchange of botanical and horticultural knowledge between Europe and China in the nineteenth century narrativized by Ghosh. The novel illustrates the significance of non-Eurocentric modes of conserving knowledge that would otherwise suffer from the violence of utilitarian models of European epistemology. The paper explicates how Ghosh represents the Chinese as successful in ensuring that the Golden Camelliaa rare flowering variety in Chinais preserved from falling prey to the profiteering logic of botanical expeditions and epistemic hegemony by European naturalists. Using Pramod Nayars imperial cosmopolitanism and Robert Proctors agnotology as critical frames, the paper maps Ghoshs fictional representation of Chinese horticulturists using botanical illustration to disable Europeans from accessing the Golden Camellia. By circulating the nonexistence of the plant variety as the truth, the Chinese horticulturalists in the novel prevent the Golden Camellia from being usurped and profiteered by European botanists and plant traders. The paper also establishes how Ghoshs work functions as a significant addition to works foregrounding the South-South connection in the South Asian literary imagination. 2020 South Asian Literary Association. -
'Amphibious historiography': Reading samanth subramanian's following fish: Travels around the indian coast (2010) through the actor-network theory
This paper explores Samanth Subramanian's travel writing collection Following Fish: Travels around the Indian Coast (2010) for its strength in establishing the significance of the human-non-human connection in the Indian coastline. Although a decade old, the work stands out even today for its strength in framing 'travel' from a non-terracentric point of view, as most travel writings have been often positioned. Subramanian's travel writing is an important departure from territorial historiographies via travel. His work traces the author's movement across India's coastal regions - the frontiers, as it were, of territoriality, literally following fish. Foregrounding a non-human subject as the travel writing's object of investigation, the paper deploys actor-network theory to analyze Subramanian's reconfiguration of the cultural imaginaries of India's coastlines via mobility thus reassembling the social of India's coastlines. His work, therefore, is argued to be an assemblage of the human and non-human actants creating a new water-based examination of socialities. Fish is the central node of his navigation of India's coastline assemblage, where he examines fish as food, as medicine, as commerce and as culture. By positing India's coastal regions as waterscapes to track movement of people, objects, and every day practices vis-vis fish, and moving in-land with the fish in some instances, Subramanian's work does not merely function as a commentary on the coastlines, but also emphasizes the need to interrogate mobility and travel across waterscapes. AesthetixMS 2020. This Open Access article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For citation use the DOI. For commercial re-use, please contact editor@rupkatha.com. -
EC(H) onarrating stories: Ecological thought and metanarrativity in folktales
This paper studies the ecological discourse constructed in folktales, looking at the relationship between folktales and the human-nature-culture paradigm. By closely examining select folktales collected by folklorist A. K. Ramanujan, this paper looks at the metanarrativity of tales and argues from a narratological perspective that folktales deploy nature metaphors to establish a close relationship between nature, women and culture. This, it is argued, is made possible only in the conservation of stories for, in conserving a story, the message of conserving cultures and their artefacts (an ecological metaphor) is spread. The story is conserved; however, not in hoarding it but quite contrarily in transmitting and letting it go. The paper also critically examines how female subjects, through the use of nature metaphors and symbols of fertility and femininity speak of their consciousness in these 'woman-centred tales' in a space characterized by the absence of the Phallic Other but inevitably speak the patriarchal language of feminine inscriptions. Using folkloric research of A. K. Ramanujan as well as ecocritical frameworks, this paper looks at the narratological dimensions of folklore to understand metanarration as a crucial aspect of folklore and ecological conservation. Therefore the lessons of conservation lie not only in the content of the folktales but also in their very telling. The ecological aspects in and of the tale must necessarily be echoed multiple times to enable the tale's transmission, and in effect, their conservation. 2014 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram, Bangalore). -
Teaching through urban sensorium: urban spatiality as a smart learning environment
This paper qualitatively analyses the implication of urban sensorium as a pedagogic mode in the teaching of Urban Studies. Underpinned by the frames of smart learning environments, the paper reiterates experiencing urban ontologies as spatial learning environments. By drawing from a range of transdisciplinary and experiential modes of learning, this paper maps how an undergraduate course on Bangalore city in India served learners to critically engage with and experience spatial urban ontologies both digitally, and in real-world experiences of learning, furthering learner autonomy and reflection. The methodological prisms of this paper are autoethnography and critical reflection. It is organised around enabling learners recognize the experiential, embodied urban spaces through the urban sensorium via real-life engagements with urban spaces, and creation of digital portfolios that map this learning. Findings from the learners knowledge of sensory learning, the citys intersectional aspects, and the students embodied and emplaced self in built environments and digital spaces are analysed via cognitive and affective-reflection levels; the course instructor's reflection is analysed via a process-reflection level. These reflections hold implications for the pedagogy of urban studies in undergraduate classrooms by foregrounding spatiality and urban sensorium as significant critical and affective pedagogic tools. The paper has also accommodated critical engagement with an external faculty member as a co-author, in order to manage any bias or researcher subjectivity in the design. 2022, The Author(s). -
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Understanding the business model of private equity & comparative analysis of emerging economics & developed economics
Research Revolution Vol.1, Issue 6,pp.18-20 ISSN No. 2319-300X -
Strategy for low cost airlines in India
Research Revolution Vol. 1, Issue 6, pp.1-3 ISSN No. 2319-300X -
Cobalt-Based ZIF-67 Metal Organic Framework for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance
This investigation explores the efficacy of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67 (ZIF-67), a cobalt-centric metal-organic framework, in photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation. A comprehensive analysis of ZIF-67's structural, morphological, and photoelectrochemical attributes is conducted using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and ultraviolet-visible (UVvis) absorption spectroscopy. The photoelectrochemical performance of ZIF-67 is evaluated on various substrates, including UV-ozone treated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates and carbon paper. This study demonstrates enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance from ZIF-67 through strategic substrate engineering. UV-ozone treated FTO/ZIF-67 achieves -138A/cm2(five times improvement vs untreated FTO), while ZIF-67/carbon black delivers -390A/cm2 (4 times higher than literature ZIF-67/BiVO4 composites). Comprehensive analysis (SEM, XRD, BET: 1416m2/g, UVvis: 2.03eV bandgap) reveals how surface hydrophilicity and conductive additives enhance charge transfer, validated by EIS, and chronoamperometry. These findings establish substrate optimization as a powerful strategy for advancing MOF-based photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production. 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
INDUCED REGULAR PERFECT GRAPHS
A graph G is said to be R-perfect if, for all induced subgraphs H of G, the induced regular independence number of each induced subgraph H is equal to its corresponding induced regular cover. Here, the induced regular independence number is the maximum number of vertices in H such that no two belong to the same induced regular subgraph in H, and the induced regular cover of H is the minimum number of induced regular subgraphs in H required to cover the vertex set of H. This article introduces the notion of induced regular perfect graphs or R-perfect graphs through which we study the structural properties of R-perfect graphs and identify a forbidden class of graphs for the same. This further leads to the characterization of R-perfect biconnected graphs. With these results, we derive and prove a general characterization for R-perfect graphs. 2023, RAMANUJAN SOCIETY OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES. All rights reserved. -
On C-Perfection of Tensor Product of Graphs
A graph G is C-perfect if, for each induced subgraph H in G, the induced cycle independence number of H is equal to its induced cycle covering number. Here, the induced cycle independence number of a graph G is the cardinality of the largest vertex subset of G, whose elements do not share a common induced cycle, and induced cycle covering number is the minimum number of induced cycles in G that covers the vertex set of G. C-perfect graphs are characterized as series-parallel graphs that do not contain any induced subdivisions of K2,3, in literature. They are also isomorphic to the class of graphs that has an IC-tree. In this article, we examine the C-perfection of tensor product of graphs, also called direct product or Kronecker product. The structural properties of C-perfect tensor product of graphs are studied. Further, a characterization for C-perfect tensor product of graphs is obtained. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence-Powered Chatbots for Enhanced Customer Support in Online Retail
In many e-commerce contexts, live chat interfaces have become popular as a way to communicate with consumers and provide real-time customer support. Conversational software agents, commonly known as Chatbots, are systems created to converse with users in natural language and are often based on artificial intelligence (AI). These systems have replaced human chat service agents in many cases. Although AI -based Chatbots have been widely used due to their time and cost savings, they have not yet met consumer expectations, which may make users less likely to comply with chatbot requests. We empirically study, through a randomized online experiment, the impact of verbal humanoid design cues and a direct approach on compliance with user requirements, based on Social Reactions and Attachment Commitment Theory. Our results show that consumers are more likely to cooperate with chatbot service response requests when there is humanity and consistency. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that social presence plays a mediating role between humanoid design cues and user compliance. 2024 IEEE. -
Kaizen costing a management technique /
International Journal Of Business And Management Invention, Vol.4, Issue 9, pp.1-5, ISSN No: 2319-801X. -
On C-Perfection of Modular Product of Graphs
A graph G is said to be C-perfect if, for all induced subgraphs H of G, the induced cycle independence number is equal to its corresponding induce cycle covering number, where every vertex in H belongs to at least one cycle in H. This article deals with the study on C-perfection of modular product of graphs. Through this article, we study various structural properties of C-perfect modular product of graphs and also characterize them. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Hybrid Digital Control and Single-Stage Converter Architecture for IoT and Photovoltaic Grid Applications
This work presents a hybrid power conversion strategy that merges high-efficiency digital DC-DC techniques with a universal single-stage DC-DC/AC converter for renewable and low-power applications. From the first concept, a digitally controlled buck converter employing a two-step digital PWM, Adaptive Window ADC, and Self-Tracking Zero Current Detector ensures ultra-low power consumption, minimized output ripple, and improved efficiency, making it suitable for IoT and energy-constrained devices. From the second, a dual-leg single-stage converter architecture enables seamless photovoltaic integration with both DC and AC grids, reducing redundancy through shared semiconductor structures and optimized protection circuits. By unifying these approaches, the proposed system enhances power density, conversion flexibility, and grid adaptability while ensuring reduced switching losses, minimized EMI, and stable operation under varying loads. Simulation and experimental validation confirm efficiency above 91% for low-power DC applications and up to 97% for PV-based grid operation, demonstrating strong potential in sustainable smart energy systems. 2025 IEEE. -
Multicomponent Synthesis Strategies, Catalytic Activities, and Potential Therapeutic Applications of Pyranocoumarins: A Comprehensive Review
Fused coumarins, because of their remarkable biological and therapeutic properties, particularly pyranocoumarins, have caught the interest of synthetic organic chemists, leading to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly protocols for synthesizing pyranocoumarin derivatives. These compounds are the most promising heterocycles discovered in both natural and synthetic sources, with anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antitubercular, antihyperglycemic, and antibacterial properties. This review employed the leading scientific databases Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed up to the end of 2022, as well as the combining terms pyranocoumarins, synthesis, isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activity. Among the catalysts employed, acidic magnetic nanocatalysts, transition metal catalysts, and carbon-based catalysts have all demonstrated improved reaction yields and facilitated reactions under milder conditions. Herein, the present review discusses the various multicomponent synthetic strategies for pyranocoumarins catalyzed by transition metal-based catalysts, transition metal-based nanocatalysts, transition metal-free catalysts, carbon-based nanocatalysts, and their potential pharmacological activities. 2023 The Authors. Chemistry & Biodiversity published by Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland. -
Role of AI in Strengthening ESG Governance: Perspective From Industry Experts
Socially conscious investors, especially Gen Z, value ethics over money. ESG reports are as important as financial reports for them. ESG ratings from various sources can puzzle these Gen Z investors, as there is no standardization in ESG data. Firstly, the chapter focuses on the need to integrate AI into ESG reporting by highlighting the limitations of mere frameworks such as GRI, SASB, and ISSB. Secondly, it emphasizes the difference between traditional reporting and AI-integrated ESG reporting. It also points out the challenges of AI integration and ways to overcome these challenges. Lastly, the chapter also proposes the need for a unified framework, making it easier for investors to compare and make decisions. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Locations of environmental marginalisation and resistance: mapping environmental movements in India
This paper intends to revisit some of the environmental movements in India to examine how environmental exploitation intersects with the social locations of those affected, drawing on insights from prominent environmentalists and historians like Madhav Gadgil and Ramachandra Guha. Their work underscores that environmental movements in India often come from the grassroots, driven by the poor. In countries like India, socio-economic marginalisation and poverty intensify the impact of environmental degradation on the poor. Moreover, the concept of development in India remains largely detached from social welfare. Similarly, the compensations for the displacement and other damages caused by unsustainable development are also highly influenced by social hierarchies like caste. The significant involvement of participant protesters from socially and economically marginalised communities in both historical and ongoing environmental movements highlights their vulnerability and underscores the deep-seated inequalities they confront. Their active participation reflects not only their struggle against environmental degradation but also their fight to reclaim and protect their lost land. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Tandem Neat Synthesis of Substituted Pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-ones: Unraveling the Camphor-10-sulfonic Acid Catalysis
Abstract: Camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA) is valued for its wide range of solubility, user friendliness, cost effectiveness, and catalytic activity. This work presents a catalytic approach using a minimal amount of CSA to promote a one-pot reaction between aromatic aldehydes, acetophenones, and 4-hydroxycoumarin. This tandem neat strategy delivers the desired 2,4-diarylpyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one derivatives in excellent yields (6592%). The product identity was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR and LCMS characterization. The scalability of the method is demonstrated by achieving consistent yields in gram-scale reactions, highlighting its potential for industrial applications. Mechanistic insights were gained through controlled experiments, providing a valuable understanding of the role of CSA in catalyzing the formation of the target compounds. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2025.