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Filamentous fungi for pharmaceutical compounds degradation in the environment: A sustainable approach
Pharmaceutical compounds play an important role in enhancing the quality of human life. They substantially increase the life expectancy of humans and the well-being of livestock. The expansion in the global human population has increased the usage of pharmaceuticals in an enormous way. This has led to the emergence of pharmaceutical compounds as environmental pollutants because these components are continuously released to various water sources and terrestrial ecosystems. The pharmaceutical components are released during their synthesis, as waste from human and veterinary healthcare sectors, and dumping of drugs that are not used. Pharmaceutical components are known to persist in their potential even at lower concentrations and can create serious issues for ecosystems, especially aquatic systems. Various efforts are being made to remove or reduce the toxicity of pharmaceutical components in aquatic systems. Bioremediation using fungi is one of the most secure and sustainable ways of decontaminating polluted environments. With their strong morphology and diverse metabolic abilities, Fungi employ different methods including fungal enzymes to clear pollutants. Studies have proven that fungi and fungal enzymes can transform these pharmaceutical compounds into less toxic components. This review highlights the role of fungi in the bioremediation of pharmaceutical compounds. 2023 The Author(s) -
File Validation intheData Ingestion Process Using Apache NiFi
In the industries of today, development and maintenance of data pipelines is of paramount importance. With large volumes of data being generated across industries on a continuous basis, there is a growing need to process and store this ingested data in a fast, and efficient manner. Apache NiFi is one such tool which possesses crucial capabilities that can be used to enhance, modify, and automate data pipelines. However, automation of the ingestion process creates certain inherent issues which, without being resolved, tend to be detrimental to the entire ingestion process. These issues vary in nature, ranging from corrupted data to changes in the file schema, to name a few. In this paper, a solution to this problem is proposed. By exploiting Apache NiFis custom processor development capabilities, problem-specific processors can be designed and deployed which can ensure accurate validation of the ingestion process on a real-time basis. To demonstrate this, two processors were developed as a proof-of-concept, which tackle specific file-related validation issues in the ingestion processthat of the file size, and, the ingestion frequency. These custom-built processors are designed to be inserted into the pipeline at key points to ensure that the ingested data is validated against certain standards and requirements. Having successfully demonstrated its capabilities, the paper presents the exploitation of Apache NiFis custom processor capabilities as a potential way forward to resolve the plethora of ingestion issues in industry, today. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Filmic afterlives: Considerations on the uncanny
[No abstract available] -
FIN2SUM: Advancing AI-Driven Financial Text Summarization with LLMs
In the modern financial sector, the rapid digitalization of financial reports necessitates efficient and reliable text summarization tools. This research introduces FIN2SUM, a novel framework designed for summarizing the managerial analysis and discussion sections of 10-K reports from top NASDAQ-listed companies. The study aims to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in financial text summarization, highlighting LLAMA-2's adeptness in processing complex financial information, thus making FIN2SUM a vital tool for analysts and decision-makers. The methodology includes a thorough evaluation of three state-of-the-art LLMs - LLAMA-2, FLAN, and Claude 2 - using BERT and ROUGE scores. The research concludes that FIN2SUM, enhanced by LLAMA-2, significantly advances AI-driven financial text summarization. 2024 IEEE. -
Financial access indicators of financial inclusion: A comparative analysis of SAARC countries
Financial inclusion provides access to formal financial services at reasonable cost to the financially excluded people. Financial inclusion has been one of the most sought after topics in recent times for policy makers, researchers and academicians. Definition of financial inclusion varies from region to region. Financial inclusion is measured using different indicator. The important indicators of financial inclusion measurement include access indicators, usage indicators, quality indicators and financial education indicators. Most of the researchers use access indicators and usage indicators to measure financial inclusion. Access indicators comprise of demographic and geographic branch penetration, demographic and geographic ATM penetration and population per branch. This study focuses on comparative analysis of access indicators of financial inclusion in SAARC countries. The study is based on secondary data available in the central banks of SAARC nations, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and Asian Development Bank. The study has found and analysed about the countries which has performed well in each indicator of financial access. Copyright 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Financial access indicators of financial inclusion: A comparative analysis of SAARC countries /
International Journal Intelligent Enterprise, Vol.7, Issue 1/2/3, pp.28-36 -
Financial analytical usage of cloud and appropriateness of cloud computing for certain small and medium-sized enterprises
The term "cloud computing"refers to a novel approach of providing useful ICTs to consumers over the internet on an as-needed and pay-per-usage basis. Businesses may streamline internal processes, increase contact with customers, and expand their market reach with the aid of cloud computing, which provides convenient and inexpensive access to cutting-edge information and communication technologies. Developing economies like India's present unique problems for small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), such as a lack of funding, an inadequate workforce, and inadequate information and communication technology (ICT) use. Various advantages offered by current information and communication technology solutions are unavailable to SMEs because of these limitations. If small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are seeking to enhance their internal operations, communication with customers and business partners, and market reach using current information and communication technology (ICT) solutions, cloud computing might be a good fit for them. Therefore, SMEs are particularly well-served by cloud computing. Companies with a lack of capital, personnel, or other resources to deploy and use appropriate ICTs may greatly benefit from cloud computing, and the public cloud in particular. 2024 Author(s). -
Financial behavior of IT professionals: A case study of Bengaluru city /
Al-Barkaat Journal of Finance & Management, Vol.8, Issue 2, pp.19-31, ISSN: 0974-7281 (Print), 2229-4503 (Online). -
Financial Big Data Analysis Using Anti-tampering Blockchain-Based Deep Learning
This study recommends using blockchains to track and verify data in financial service chains. The financial industry may increase its core competitiveness and value by using a deep learning-based blockchain network to improve financial transaction security and capital flow stability. Future trading processes will benefit from blockchain knowledge. In this paper, we develop a blockchain model with a deep learning framework to prevent tampering with distributed databases by considering the limitations of current supply-chain finance research methodologies. The proposed model had 90.2% accuracy, 89.6% precision, 91.8% recall, 90.5% F1 Score, and 29% MAPE. Choosing distributed data properties and minimizing the process can improve accuracy. Using code merging and monitoring encryption, critical blockchain data can be obtained. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Financial capability and financial wellbeing of women in community-based organizations: mediating role of decision-making ability
Purpose: Financial capability is considered to be an important concept that has drawn the attention of many world nations. While the literature suggests various studies on financial capability and financial wellbeing, focus on their combined significance has been limited. The purpose of this paper is to examine how financial capability affects the financial wellbeing of women in community-based organizations and how decision-making ability mediated this relationship. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 1,000 women who are associated with the community-based organization Kudumbashree in the state of Kerala, India participated in the survey-based study. Findings: The structural equation modelling results show that there exists a significant relationship between financial capability and the financial wellbeing of women in CBOs. Further, decision-making ability was identified as a significant mediator in this relationship thus establishing a partial mediation effect. Practical implications: The financial social workers can focus their activities on promoting financial capability and decision making aspects of women from middle/low income families to facilitate their financial wellbeing. The scope for financial socialisation and proper orientation is more for the women associated with the community based organisations. This opportunity can be made use by the government authorities and other practitioners to change their financial outlook and contribute towards the empowerment of these women from the grass root level. Originality/value: The studies related to financial literacy and financial inclusion are available in the Indian context, but the conceptualization of financial capability is still an under-researched area in India. Hence, this study is an attempt to explain the capability-wellbeing relationship from a financial point of view in the Indian context, and further establishes its connection with the individual's decision-making ability. To strengthen the research base, the study was conducted among the women in the community-based organization who belong to middle and low-income families. 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Financial Development Convergence: Evidence from Top and Bottom Globalised Developing Economies
This paper investigates the pattern of the financial development convergence for the top (Europe and Central Asia) and the bottom (South Asia) globalized developing regions from 1984 to 2016. We employ the Philips-Sul club convergence approach to measure the financial development convergences speed. The results validate the convergence of financial development in all countries, including the top and bottom of globalized developing regions. Interestingly, the speed of financial development convergence is less in the bottom globalized developing region than in the top globalized developing region. However, these results vary across developing regions in the case of financial institutions and financial markets. Therefore, solid financial market governance can provide a productive and efficient financial system, particularly in the bottom globalized economies. 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Financial Distress and Value Premium using Altman Revised Z-score Model
In the stock market, investors and value managers desire to be safe. Estimating equity returns and evaluating potential financial distress risk are essential for investment and trading decisions. The link between distress risk and stock return is controversial, and current literature yields contradicting results. A variety of models may be used to evaluate distress risk-return trade-offs. This paper employs a revised Altman Z-score to examine financial distress and value premiums. Using univariate and multivariate techniques, we examine firm- and industry-level portfolio returns, encompassing all Indian companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Results confirm the existence of the distress factor effect found in industry and firm-level portfolios. It shows that the distress risk factor significantly determines stock returns as an independent systematic risk factor. This result is consistently found in most industries. The study demonstrates the existence of a value premium in both distressed and safe zones. The study also used a multivariate GRS test and the Fama-Macbeth procedure to validate the reliability of the distress factor and pricing models. Results confirm that Altman model-based distress factor augmented models improve the performance of existing pricing models with higher reliability and accuracy. 2023 MDI. -
Financial Inclusion and Human Development in Indian States: Evidence from the Post-Liberalisation Periods
This article examines the existing synergy between financial inclusion and human development in Indian states during the post-liberalisation periods (19932015). Using both principal component analysis and panel data regression models, first, the impact of financial inclusion on human development is measured. Second, the reverse causality from human development to financial inclusion is estimated to know whether human development should be a pre-condition for ensuring greater financial inclusiveness in Indian states. It is found that financial inclusion has a positive and statistically significant impact on human development, along with other control variables such as social sector expenditure, per capita state gross domestic product and capital receipt. However, the lack of urbanisation (measured by the percentage of rural population) has a negative and significant impact on the process of human development in Indian states. On the other hand, since human development has also a significant reverse causal connection with financial inclusion, it is argued that ensuring financial inclusion through urbanisation measures would not only improve the level of human development in Indian states, but it would also sustain the process of inclusive development in itself due to the existing feedback loop with the later. 2022 Institute for Human Development. -
Financial inclusion and poverty alleviation: The alternative state-led microfinance model of Kudumbashree in Kerala, India
The study examines the microfinance and microenterprise model of Kudumbashree, the state poverty eradication mission of Kerala, and its impact on poverty alleviation in the state of Kerala in India. Kudumbashree's method of identification of the poor is seen to be superior to the conventional head count ratio as it captures the multidimensional characteristics of poverty leading to lesser chances of exclusion of vulnerable families. The microenterprise-linked microfinance model of Kudumbashree has established itself as an effective model linking the state, community, and financial organizations, differentiating itself from other NABARD-led self-help group (SHG) programmes or the Grameena model of microfinance institutions in the country. The fundamental idea of local economic development on which the microenterprise business is built is, however, not free from limitations. Heavy reliance on local markets for procuring inputs and selling outputs makes the products less competitive, questioning the sustainability of a business-led model in the absence of state subsidy in the longer run. Copyright 2014 Practical Action Publishing. -
Financial inclusion in IndiaA progress and challenges
The term Financial Inclusion means the process of access to appropriate financial products and services needed by all sections of society including vulnerable groups such as weaker section and low-income at an affordable cost. It has been a very big challenge for the developing countries for including the people into the financial system. Financial inclusion is emerging as a new paradigm of economic growth that plays major role in driving away the poverty from the country. Financial inclusion is important priority of the country in terms of economic growth and advancement of society. Globally, the financial inclusion is on the rise and from 2014-2017, 515 million adults opened an account with bank and there has been a significant increase in the use of mobile Phones and internet to conduct financial transaction. There was a commendable increase in the financial inclusion and this is predominantly driven by India. Through government initiatives and indicatives taken by the RBI, weaker sections of society and economically poor people were able to access to financial products, services, credit etc. The basic variables for measuring the financial inclusion are bank penetration, credit penetration, number of accounts opened etc. So the present study aims to investigate the progress of financial Inclusion in India through the initiatives taken by the Government of India(GOI) and Reserve Bank of India (RBI). 2019 SERSC. -
Financial inclusion of rural sector: Imperative for sustainable economic growth of India
This research paper aimed to take a look on the present status of financial inclusion in the Indian economy, especially in the rural sector. It also suggested few measures to be taken by the government and banking sector to enhance the inclusion of deprived sections of our country in the financial ecosystem. The data was collected from various secondary sources to depict the present level of financial inclusion, primarily after the implementation of various government policies. The suggested measures mainly included financial literacy and awareness campaign to be implemented at the grass root level along with a robust infrastructure to increase the telephone and internet connectivity in the rural sector. The researchers also analysed that the financial inclusion of the rural sector is imperative for the sustainable economic growth of an agricultural driven economy like India. 2021 Ecological Society of India. All rights reserved. -
Financial Lexicon based Sentiment Prediction for Earnings Call Transcripts for Market Intelligence
Sentiment based stock price direction detection has been an exciting study in the field of finance which is drawing a lot of attention from the investor community. Sentiments are used to detect the changes in the stock price movements for the subsequent periods. Investor community uses these sentiments derived from news, celebrity speech and events to plan trading and investment strategies. Several studies have been done in the past with sentiments, but use of Earnings Call Transcripts (ECT) has not been explored for market intelligence hitherto. Standard dictionary based lexicons like Vader, AFINN and NRC have not performed well in finance as they are domain agnostic. There is a need to develop a financial lexicon based on the ECT corpora, which may provide a better lift over the standard lexicons. This study has observed that Vader has performed poorly as opposed to the newly developed financial lexicon. Machine learning based generative lexicon engine using Bayesian approach, which is termed as FNB Lex was developed in this research study to overcome the limitations of standard domain agnostic lexicons. The lexicon development was performed on quarterly Earning Call Transcripts (ECT) of sixteen IT companies spanning over ten years. The study also investigates the detection of inverse effect in stock price movements based on the sentiments of the previous period. Machine Learning (ML) models like Naive Bayes, FNB Lex, SVM and biLSTM were developed and their discriminatory powers were assessed. NB Lex provided much better lift in detecting the inverse effect as opposed to other models. 2024 IEEE. -
Financial management analysis of dividend policy pursued by selected Indian manufacturing companies /
Journal of Financial Management and Analysis, Vol.27, Issue 1, pp.223-229 -
Financial Market Forecasting using Macro-Economic Variables and RNN
Stock market forecasting is widely recognized as one of the most important and difficult business challenges in time series forecasting. This is mainly due to its noise. The use of RNN algorithms for funding has attracted interest from traders and scientists. The best technique for learning long-term memory sequences is to use long and short networks. Based on the literature, it is acknowledged that LSTM neural networks outperform all other models. Macroeconomics is a discipline of economics that studies the behavior of the economy as a whole. Macroeconomic factors are economic, natural, geopolitical, or other variables that influence the economy of a country. This study studies and test several macroeconomic variables and their significance on stock market forecasting. In macroeconomics, we have series that are updated once a month or even once a quarter, with data that is rarely more than a few hundred characters long. The amount of data given can sometimes be insufficient for algorithms to uncover hidden patterns and generate meaningful results. Depending on the prediction needs, we proposed a feasible LSTM design and training algorithm. According to the findings of this study, the inclusion of macroeconomic variable has a significant impact on stock price prediction. 2022 IEEE. -
Financial stress, financial literacy, and financial insecurity in India's informal sector during COVID-19
The lockdowns and restrictions imposed to control COVID-19 have made life miserable for people, especially those involved in informal economic activities. The pandemic induced financial hardships, caused financial anxiety and financial stress among informal sector participants. This study aimed to measure and analyze the financial stress and financial insecurity of one of the important informal sector elements (street vendors) in India. Street vendors in Bangalore were interviewed in this descriptive research through personal interaction and telephonic interviews. The collected primary data were processed using SPSS statistical package. The results have indicated that the pandemic inflicted financial stress on street vendors irrespective of their gender, marital status, age, education, monthly income, and type of product dealt. Financial stress levels varied depending on the number of dependents of street vendors and their business nature. Financial literacy differed according to street vendors' marital status. A person becomes extremely sensitive and cautious in personal finance matters on getting married. Financial stress and financial literacy correlated negatively. 89.5% of street vendors perceived that they had financial insecurity in the future due to this pandemic. The results indicated that financial stress and financial literacy did not affect financial insecurity perceptions of street vendors. The predictors of financial insecurity have been marital status and the number of dependents of the street vendors (r2: 16.6%). However, marital status alone impacted the 6% variance in financial insecurity. This study concluded that the pandemic caused financial stress and financial insecurity among street vendors, but not financial stress and financial literacy. Thangaraj Ravikumar, Mali Sriram, S Girish, R Anuradha, M Gnanendra, 2022.