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Process of Emotion Regulation in Indian Couples During Gottmans Dreams-Within-Conflict Intervention: A Mixed-Methods Design Study
Gottman Couple Therapy (GCT) is based on 40 + years of empirical findings and advocates process research, enabling an understanding of how an intervention works. Dreams-within-Conflict (DWC) is a GCT technique that softens the stand on unresolvable issues by facilitating positive emotion regulation strategies such as expressing vulnerabilities, understanding, and soothing in place of destructive strategiessuch as criticism and defensiveness. The aim of the study is to understand the emotion regulation process during a one-session DWC intervention using a convergent parallel mixed-methods design examining N = 30 individuals (15 couples) during the DWC intervention. The changes in emotion regulation strategies (Extrinsic/Intrinsic affect Worsening/Improving strategiesEW, IW, EI, II) in partners were examined in the presence of individual characteristics of emotion regulation traits (cognitive-reappraisal and suppression) and beliefs using self-assessment questionnaires, feedback reports, thematic coding of video recordings, and a semi-structured interview. Paired-samplest-test results showed that DWC fosters emotion regulation strategies by significantly decreasing partners EW and increasing EI and II strategies. Though IW strategies declined during-DWC, the changes were not significant. Hierarchical linear modeling findings showed that before-DWC emotion regulation strategies, gender, and individual emotion regulation traits of cognitive-reappraisal and suppression predicted EI, and before-DWC strategies predicted II, but none of the variables predicted EW and IW during-DWC. To further understand the interventional implications, the emotional regulation strategies and preferences for expression (over suppression) shared by the Indian couples were examined using thematic analysis. The results show that avoidance, conflict behaviors, and prioritizing parents emotions over partners (in men) were the most often employed regulatory strategies. Simultaneously, Indian couples unanimously agreed that expression of emotions was a crucial factor for marital satisfaction. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Process of identity development and psychological functioning: A critical narrative review for the Indian context
Background: Identity is a crucial milestone achievement for adolescents to become contributing adult members in society. This narrative research focused on exploring the link between identity development and psychological functioning and understanding the process of Indian adolescents' and adults' identity development and psychological functioning. Often, the Indian identity researchers use the theories of identity development conceptualized by Erikson, James Marcia and Michael Berzonsky which have been primarily conceptualized to understand the process of individual's identity development in the western individualistic cultural context. These theorists based their theories on certain essential contextual conditions, for the individuals' identity development. This review article critically explored the availability and applicability of those contextual conditions for Indian adolescents' and adults' identity development. Methods: The articles for the review were mainly collected from the online databases such as PROQUEST Research Library, Taylor and Francis, the archives of the Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, the archives of the Indian Journal of Psychiatry, EBSCO, and Google. A narrative review method was used to examine various elements of the process of identity development conceptualized by the mainstream identity development theorists Erikson, James Marcia, and Michael Berzonsky and their applicability to the process of Indian adolescents' and adults' identity development. Results: The review found that the processes of mainstream identity development theories have some serious limitations in their applicability to the Indian context. Conclusions: This article identified alternative identity development processes and interventions that could be used to enhance Indian adolescents' and adults' identity development. 2022 The Author(s). -
Process optimization of SLA-fabricated BN-reinforced photopolymer composites using ANOVA for improved tensile strength
This study examined how the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed photopolymer composites are affected by the inclusion of boron nitride (BN). Stereolithography technology was used to print BN-reinforced photosensitive resin composites with different BN weight percentages (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt%). The effect of process parameters - Material composition, build angle, post-curing time, and lift speed) on the tensile strength of the printed specimens were evaluated using a Taguchi L16 orthogonal array. The microstructure and elemental composition of the composites were characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tensile tests were performed in accordance with ASTM D638 Type IV, and the findings were assessed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. SEM and EDAX investigations revealed that BN was evenly distributed throughout the photosensitive resin matrix. The ANOVA results showed that post-curing time had the biggest effect on tensile strength (38.283 % contribution), followed by material composition (27.669 %), lift speed (16.265 %), and build angle (17.782 %). For the maximum tensile strength, the ideal set of process parameters was determined to be 1.5 wt percent BN, 90 build angle, 60 min post-curing time, and 60 mm per minute lift speed. Significant interactions between the parameters under study were displayed by interaction plots. This study offers important insights into optimizing SLA process settings for increased tensile strength and shows how BN-reinforced photopolymer composites can improve the mechanical properties of SLA-printed objects. Copyright 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V. -
Process Optimization Using Value Stream Mapping in PCB Manufacturing
PCB Manufacturing process is a complex process and has several processes and sub-processes. Adopting a lean manufacturing system will help to increase the efficiency of the system. This study aims to optimize the process for PCB manufacturing using value stream mapping. Observation method has been used to collect the cycle time of different processes from a PCB manufacturing plant in India. Pareto charts, why-why analysis and Ishikawa diagrams have been used to do the analysis and optimize the process and create a value stream mapping for the entire process. Standard Operating Procedures have been framed and solutions to increase the efficiency has been proposed. 2022 IEEE. -
Process scheduling in heterogeneous multicore system using agent based graph coloring algorithm
In any heterogeneous multicore system, there are numerous amount of processors with different platform and all the processing units are fabricated on a common single unit preferably on a System on Chip. As there is a tremendous amount of parallelism encompassed in a multicore system, proper utilization of the cores is a big challenge in the current era. Hence a more automated software approach is required like an agent based graph coloring algorithm to find the free processor and schedule the tasks on the respective cores. Predominantly the entire process of scheduling the tasks on multicore system is based on arrival time of process. This paper incorporates the scheduling on the linux 2.6.11 kernel and GEMS simulator for multicore implementation. The core utilization in this type of agent scheduling is 50% more than the existing scheduling mechanism. BEIESP. -
Processing of nanoreinforced aluminium hybrid metal matrix composites and the effect of post-heat treatment: a review
The demand for cutting-edge materials with a high strength-to-weight ratio and economic considerations is steadily increasing. Lightweight materials such as aluminium (Al) and its alloys are attractive, but some properties such as low thermal stability and high wear rate limit the application of aluminium alloys (AA) to some extent. Many researchers have developed various composites to get around these restrictions and increase the performance of aluminium and its alloy. Metal matrix composites (MMCs) with nanoparticles have revealed greater mechanical and tribological properties compared with micron-sized reinforcements. Most engineering applications require materials with excellent multidimensional properties, which are difficult to achieve using single reinforced MMCs. Hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMCs) with superior properties are the latest trends in composite technology. The choice of reinforcement selection has a vibrant role in the manufacturing of hybrid metal matrix composites. Researchers face a major challenge in finding optimum reinforcement combinations and their corresponding concentrations. The manufacturing of nanocomposites is difficult due to their high surface area and energy. To determine the most effective reinforcement combinations for hybrid composites, this article addresses several nanoreinforcements, their effects, and the appropriate processing methods for aluminium and its alloys. Researchers have paid less attention to the impact of precipitation hardening in aluminium and its alloys; thus, this paper also considers the effect of post-heat treatment ofaluminium composites. 2022, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology. -
Product specific determinants of electronic gadget purchase intention - a case of the purchase behaviour of Indian youth
This study investigated the impact of product specific features of electronic gadgets on the purchase intention on the Indian youth. The study was quantitative in nature and data was collected from 650 young electronic gadget consumers in Bengaluru, India using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used for data analysis. Brand image, product design, and country of origin are referred as product evaluation attributes; and corporate identity were identified as the determinants of purchase intention. Respondents were neutral regarding the role of product evaluation attributes and corporate identity in their purchases, but acknowledged these factors' importance. Findings implied a positive and significant influence of product evaluation attributes on the corporate identity of companies, and purchase intention of the youth. However, corporate identity did not influence purchase intention, clearly indicating that only product specific features, such as brand, design and country of origin are considered when youngsters purchase gadgets. Copyright 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Production of anthraquinones from cell and organ cultures of Morinda species
Abstract: Since ancient times, Morinda species, particularly Morinda citrifolia, have been used for their therapeutic benefits. Iridoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, phytosterols, and carotenoids are examples of natural substances with bioactivity. Anthraquinone derivatives are the most significant of these chemicals since they are utilized as natural coloring agents and have a wide range of medicinal functions. Utilizing cell and organ cultures of Morinda species, various biotechnological methods have been developed for the bioproduction of anthraquinone derivatives. The generation of anthraquinone derivatives in cell and organ cultures is summarized in this article. The methods used to produce these chemicals in bioreactor cultures have also been examined. Key points: This review investigates the potential of cell and organ cultures for anthraquinone synthesis. The overproduction of anthraquinones has been addressed using a variety of techniques. The use of bioreactor technologies for anthraquinone manufacturing is highlighted. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. -
Production of betalains in plant cell and organ cultures: a review
Betalains are nitrogen-containing natural pigments that are water soluble and they comprise of the red-violet betacyanin and the yellow betaxanthin which are abundant in plants such as red/yellow beet, amaranth, prickly pear, pitaya, and others. They are widely used as food coloring agents for many centuries. Betalains are used in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmeceuticals, since they have tremendous potential to scavenge free radicals and prevent diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, cancer, neurological disorders, and vascular stenosis. Betalains are proven to be toxicologically safe and have health benefits, they have been approved as food additives in the United States of America, and European countries. Although betalains can be found in natural resources, there are differences in their composition, amounts, and seasonality. For this reason, researchers have developed alternative methods of producing these valuable compounds using cell and organ culture techniques. In several plants, cell and organ cultures are established, and bioreactor technologies have been used to produce betalains on a wide scale. In this review, we discuss the varied biotechnological methods and approaches applied for the biosynthesis of betalains including metabolic engineering approaches. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024. -
Production of bio-diesel from non-edible dried fruits of lagerstroemia speciosa
Rapi d urbani zat i on and i ncr ease i n population have evoked tremendous attention for biofuelsproduction to combatshortage of fuels, environmental concerns, foreign exchange savingsand socioeconomic issues.In recent years bi odi esel product i on f rom agro-i ndust ri al feedstocks such as waste vegetable oil, animal fat, grease, non-edible fruit oils etc.,acquired prominent place to fulfil the gap between production and demand. The present investigation has been undertaken to explore a noveland environmentally friendly process for developing biodiesel production t echnol ogy by subj ect i ng dr i ed f r ui t s of Lagerstroemia speciosa to mild ultrasonication at 33KHz for 20 min at 352Cfor obtaining high lipid yield, precursor for the production of biodiesel by transesterification.The biodiesel compounds 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z) methyl ester, 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, methyl stearate, cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid methyl ester, 18-methylnonadecanoate were recognized as the main compounds in GC-MS analysis. 2020, Association of Biotechnology and Pharmacy. All rights reserved. -
Production of bioactive compounds from cell and organ cultures of Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica, commonly known as mandukaparni, has garnered recognition for its efficacy in addressing a spectrum of health concerns. Its diverse pharmacological properties encompass roles in treating neuro-related issues, gastrointestinal problems, and cardiovascular conditions. Furthermore, it exhibits multifaceted therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, wound healing, skin protective, and anti-osteoporotic properties. This herbaceous plant is rich in bioactive compounds such as centellosides (triterpene saponins) including madecassoside, madecassic acid, asiatic acid, and asiaticoside. These compounds, crucial for their pharmacological potential, are biosynthetically produced through the mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways. However, the challenge lies in the production of these important secondary metabolites, given the adverse impact on the availability of mandukaparni due to increasing demand. To address this concern, this chapter emphasizes the biotechnological interventions for the production of bioactive phytochemicals. These include plant tissue culture techniques, such as cell and organ cultures, along with elicitation strategies, genetic engineering approaches, and bioreactor-scale production. These methods aim to enhance the sustainable production of centellosides, providing valuable insights for researchers and paving the way for future opportunities in the field of plant-based therapeutics. 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies. -
Production of Biochar from Algal Biomass and Their Applications
Algal biomass represents one of the most promising targets as a source of biofuel production, bioenergy, as sustainable feedstock and other valuable products. Algal biomass with its physicochemical properties and potential use has gained immense interest presently for converting it into biochar. Algal biochar synthesis has been done using conventional methods like pyrolysis, slow, and microwave-assisted methods along with modern ones like hydrothermal carbonization and torrefaction. Algal biochar has been variedly derived from the macroalga from fresh, brackish, and marine waters. This algal biochar has been extracted for maximum nutrient contents and capacity to exchange ions, as it is high in pH, ash, nitrogen sources, and inorganic components like phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). Biochar has been produced from fresh water macroalga Cladophora glomerata, as a biosorbent of heavy metals that have high toxicity. Other algal biochars include Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella salina, Haematococcus pluvialis, Gracilaria, and Oedogoniumsps has high affinity toward oxyanions like arsenic, molybdenum, and selenium that are difficult to be removed using conventional techniques. Algal biochar is a boon for amending soil for agricultural purposes especially applicable to acidic soils increasing the crop productivity and as absorbents for removing organic and inorganic contaminants in waste water treatment. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Production of biodiesel from waste fish fat through ultrasound-assisted transesterification using petro-diesel as cosolvent and optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology
Biodiesel is a highly promising and viable alternative to fossil-based diesel that also addresses the urgent need for effective waste management. It can be synthesized by the chemical modification of triglycerides sourced from vegetable origin, animal fat, or algal oil. The transesterification reaction is the preferred method of producing biodiesel. However, the non-miscibility of alcohol and oil layer causes excessive utilization of alcohol, catalyst, and a substantial reacting time and temperature. In the current investigation, transesterification of waste fish oil was performed with petro-diesel as cosolvent, under the influence of ultrasound energy. The combination of both techniques is a unique and efficient way to minimize the mass transfer limitations considerably and hence reduces the parameters of the reaction. It is also a sincere effort to comply with the principles of green chemistry. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM) that were as follows: molar ratio of methanol to oil 9.09:1, catalyst concentration of 0.97 wt%, cosolvent concentration of 29.1 wt%, temperature 60.1?, and a reacting time 30min. Under these listed conditions, 98.1% biodiesel was achievable, which was in close agreement with the expected result. In addition, the cosolvent removal step from the crude biodiesel was also eliminated as it could be employed as a blended fuel in CI engines. The Author(s) 2024. -
Production of biomass and bioactive compounds from cell and organ cultures of ginseng, He-shou-wu, purple coneflower, and St. John's wort for the use in cosmetic industry
Plants and their products have been utilized as raw materials in the preparation of cosmetics for millennia. Currently, research is being done to find new plant materials that may be used as ingredients in cosmetic preparations, including body sprays, shampoos, conditioners, hair dyes/sprays, and other cosmetics. The plants that are used in the preparation of cosmetic products are usually procured from nature, however, the quality and quantity of bioactive ingredients present in the biomass vary based on the species, environment, and geographical locations from where the material has been procured. In addition, procurement of plant material from natural resources may lead to a shortage of material and even endanger the status of rare plants in the natural environment. Therefore, there is increased interest in the use of plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures (PCTOC) for the production of raw materials and bioactive specialized metabolites. There is also scope for increasing the accumulation of biomass and bioactive compounds in PCTOC by adopting various strategies such as optimization of culture medium, culture environment, elicitation, and other bioprocess methods. Furthermore, PCTOC-produced raw materials are free from contaminants, pesticides, and heavy metals and an important benefit of producing biomass in vitro is that it is easily accepted by regulatory authorities and consumers. In the current review, we describe the bioactive compounds of ginseng, purple coneflower, He-shou-wu, and St. John's wort which have cosmetological importance. Additionally, we elucidate the PCTOC method adopted for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds in these plants. 2023 SAAB -
Production of Boeravinone-B, total phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity from callus cultures of Punarnava (BoerhaviadiffusaL.)
Boerhavia diffusa L. (Punarnava) is a medicinal herb, rich in diversified plant secondary metabolites used in curing various health ailments. Boeravinone-B is one of the important phytochemicals reported in Punarnava, possessing various pharmacological activities. It belongs to the family of rotenoids, belonging to the isoflavone group. Production of Boeravinone-B from the Punarnava through conventional propagation is comparatively very low, and alternative interventions are of utmost importance to meet the growing demand. In view of this, the present study aims to develop biotechnological approaches like cell/tissue culture as a substitute strategy for the accumulation of biomass and Boeravinone-B biosynthesis. Callus was established from leaf explants of Boerhavia diffusa L. when cultured on MS semi solid medium fortified with varied concentrations and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. The callus induced on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium) supplemented with 5.0 ppm 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) favored the highest production of Boeravinone-B analyzed through High-performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC) and it was found to be 673.95 ?g g-1 Dry weight (DW). The total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined for the callus extracts and the results showed that callus induced on 5.0 ppm 2,4-D medium showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid content, which was 63.48 mg g-1 Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) Dry weight (DW), and 30.22 mg g-1 Quercetin equivalent (QE) DW. Similarly, antioxidant activities (radical scavenging, metal chelating, and reducing power) were performed, and it was found that callus induced on 5.0 ppm 2,4-D showed the highest anti-oxidant potential. Radical scavenging activity was found to be 91.1%, and 74% of metal chelating activity was recorded, and a similar trend was observed with respect to reducing power as well. The results of the present study lay foundation for optimization and subsequent large-scale production of Boeravinone-B from callus/cell suspension cultures. The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/) -
Production of gymnemic acid from cell suspension cultures of gymnema sylvestre /
Protocols For In Vitro Cultures And Secondary Metabolite Analysis Of Aromatic And Medicinal Plants, Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series (MIMB,volume 1391), pp.229–239; 2nd ed. -
Production of specialized metabolites in plant cell and organo-cultures: the role of gamma radiation in eliciting secondary metabolism
Purpose: To provide an updated summary of recent advances in the application of gamma irradiation to elicit secondary metabolism and for induction of mutations in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of industrially important specialized metabolites (SMs). Conclusions: Research on the application of gamma radiation with plants has contributed a lot to microbial decontamination of seeds, and the promotion of physiological processes such as seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, and development. Various studies have demonstrated the influence of gamma rays on the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants. Recent research efforts have also shown that low-dose gamma (5100 Gy) irradiation can be utilized as an expedient solution to alleviate the deleterious effect of abiotic stresses and to obtain better yields of plants. Inducing mutagenesis using gamma irradiation has also evolved as a better option for inducing genetic variability in crops, vegetables, medicinal and ornamentals for their genetic improvement. Plant SMs are gaining increasing importance as pharmaceutical, therapeutic, cosmetic, and agricultural products. Plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures represent an attractive alternative to conventional methods of procuring useful SMs. Among the varied approaches the elicitor-induced in vitro culture techniques are considered an efficient tool for studying and improving the production of SMs. This review focuses on the utilization of low-dose gamma irradiation in the production of high-value SMs such as phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, we present varied successful examples of gamma-ray-induced mutations in the production of SMs. Copyright 2024 Taylor & Francis Group LLC. -
Production, Delivery, and Regulatory Aspects for Application of Plant-Based Anti-microbial Peptides: a Comprehensive Review
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small, positively charged biomolecules produced by various organisms such as animals, microbes, and plants. These AMPs play a significant role in defense mechanisms and protect from adverse conditions. The emerging problem of drug resistance in microbes poses a global health challenge in treating diseases. This plant-based antimicrobial peptide is a promising candidate for fighting against drug-resistant microbes. The PAMPs process specific key properties, proving their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against a broad spectrum of microbes such as Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungi. Extensive research on PAMPs has explored their potential as plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents. Their diverse mode of action on microbes encouraged their application in food industries. ThePAMPs are isolated and purified from various plant species organs such as roots, shoots, leaves, flowers, and seeds. These are bioactive molecules with significant stability, and low toxicity has encouraged their application as food additives. Furthermore, to meet the consumer demand, mass production of AMPs was possible with recombinant DNA technology. The advanced and nanotechnology-based delivery system has significantly improved the efficacy and bioavailability of PAMPs as food preservatives for improved shelf-life and prevent spoilage of food products. ThePAMPs are of green origin and can be used as natural bio preservatives that do not alter the sensory properties of food and are harmless to consumers. Plants being the rich resource of AMPs to support their quick identification, and retrieval for commercial applications there is a need to integrate the omics approach with databases. TheAMPs are small, positively charged biomolecules produced by various organisms such as animals, microbes, and plants. These AMPs play a significant role in defense mechanisms and protect from adverse conditions. The emerging problem of drug resistance in microbes poses a global health challenge in treating diseases. This plant-based antimicrobial peptide is a promising candidate for fighting against drug-resistant microbes. The PAMPs process specific key properties, proving their efficacy as antimicrobial agents against a broad spectrum of microbes such as Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungi. Extensive research on PAMPs has explored their potential as plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents. Their diverse mode of action on microbes encouraged their application in food industries. ThePAMPs are isolated and purified from various plant species organs such as roots, shoots, leaves, flowers, and seeds. These are bioactive molecules with significant stability, and low toxicity has encouraged their application as food additives. Furthermore, to meet the consumer demand, mass production of AMPs was possible with recombinant DNA technology. The advanced and nanotechnology-based delivery system has significantly improved the efficacy and bioavailability of PAMPs as food preservatives for improved shelf-life and prevent spoilage of food products. ThePAMPs are of green origin and can be used as natural bio preservatives that do not alter the sensory properties of food and are harmless to consumers. Plants being the rich resource of AMPs to support their quick identification, and retrieval for commercial applications there is a need to integrate the omics approach with databases. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
PRODUCTIVITY LOSS LINKED TO NON-COMMUNICALE DISEASES ACROSS SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES: EVIDENCE FROM SEDENTARY OCCUPATION EMPLOYEES DURING COVID-19
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed work dynamics, leading to a notable shift towards remote work, particularly for those in sedentary roles. This change has been linked to a heightened risk of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), many of which stem from lifestyle-related factors. Such health challenges can adversely affect productivity in the workplace, causing both absenteeism and presenteeism. AIM: This study examines the costs of presenteeism and absenteeism related to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across socio-demographic variables. METHODS: Using stratified and purposive sampling, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 426 employees in sedentary occupations in the Delhi-NCR region. Productivity losses from presenteeism and absenteeism were assessed using the WHO HPQ Questionnaire. Additionally, the General Linear Model (GLM) was utilised to analyse the relationship between loss productive time (LPT) costs associated with presenteeism and absenteeism across disease categories and socio-demographic factors. RESULTS: Employees diagnosed with 'NCDs Category I', 'NCDs Category II', and those with 'comorbid' conditions were estimated to lose between 40 and 48 workdays each year. Absenteeism accounts for a greater portion of productivity losses than presenteeism in all disease categories. Comorbidities contribute to the most significant losses, with costs surpassing those associated with CDs by INR 51.78 thousand (932.04 AUD) for presenteeism and INR 226.47 thousand (4,076.46 AUD) for absenteeism. Additionally, every extra year of education corresponds to an increase of INR 4.96 thousand (89.28 AUD) in costs related to LPT due to presenteeism and a reduction of INR 15.68 thousand (282.24 AUD) in absenteeism-related LPT costs. CONCLUSION: The research indicates that NCDs, particularly in the presence of comorbid conditions, have a substantial effect on workplace productivity. Notably, individuals with higher levels of education and Income exhibit elevated presenteeism costs, which may be attributed to the influence of remote work arrangements. Conversely, absenteeism rates appear to be lower among highly educated employees in similar settings. 2026, Australasian College of Health Service Management. All rights reserved. -
Professional chat application based on natural language processing
There has been an emerging trend of a vast number of chat applications which are present in the recent years to help people to connect with each other across different mediums, like Hike, WhatsApp, Telegram, etc. The proposed network-based android chat application used for chatting purpose with remote clients or users connected to the internet, and it will not let the user send inappropriate messages. This paper proposes the mechanism of creating professional chat application that will not permit the user to send inappropriate or improper messages to the participants by incorporating base level implementation of natural language processing (NLP). Before sending the messages to the user, the typed message evaluated to find any inappropriate terms in the message that may include vulgar words, etc., using natural language processing. The user can build an own dictionary which contains vulgar or irrelevant terms. After pre-processing steps of removal of punctuations, numbers, conversion of text to lower case and NLP concepts of removing stop words, stemming, tokenization, named entity recognition and parts of speech tagging, it gives keywords from the user typed message. These derived keywords compared with the terms in the dictionary to analyze the sentiment of the message. If the context of the message is negative, then the user not permitted to send the message. 2018 IEEE.