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Optimization of rGO-MoO3 nanocomposite electrode to fabricate an aqueous symmetric supercapacitor device with enhanced electrochemical performance
This study presents the first investigation into the effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the electrochemical properties of rGO-MoO? nanocomposites, synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The nanocomposites were prepared with varying rGO concentrations, and their structural, morphological, elemental, electrical, optical, and surface characteristics were analyzed. Structural analysis confirmed the presence of an orthorhombic MoO? phase, while the morphological analysis revealed MoO? nanobars anchored onto rGO nanosheets. The electrochemical performance of the nanocomposites was evaluated using a three-electrode configuration. The electrode demonstrating superior performance was selected to fabricate a prototype symmetric device. This device exhibited a specific capacitance of 369 F g?1 at a current density of 1 A g?1 and an energy density of 51 W h kg?1. Moreover, the device demonstrated a stability of 91% over 1000 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 104%. 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC -
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Lifi-Wifi Internet Systems
The rapid development of wireless technology made Light Fidelity, or LiFi, leave the laboratory and move onto the list of the next big thing, alongside everyday WiFi. WiFi also provides freedom of movement, but once everyone in a large area is streaming video, the signal becomes like a traffic jam. LiFi is going another way: data is sent via the rays of LED lights, meaning it can push files at light speed. The only problem is that the connection will not last forever, as soon as you leave the arc of the lamp or walk too far. In this paper, we explore what would happen when you combine the wide coverage of WiFi with the high speed of Li-Fi to form a hybrid system that avoids the weaknesses of both. Various test-based classrooms, halls, and open laboratories measured the speed of bit movement, the consistency of the beams, and the responsiveness of the games, and the mixed environment performed better in nearly all tests than the technology alone. It even figured out which to use as people entered and left the building, alternating between LiFi and WiFi, increasing uptime and doubling peak throughput. Hospitals, campuses, airports, and factories in need of constant, high-speed connections now have a better roadmap for using this blend so machines keep running smoothly and users remain engaged. The paper itself contains the unraveling of the hardware, the explanation of the test setup, and the weighing of the numbers, accompanied by some thought on what this combination can offer the future of wireless worlds. The findings justify integrating LiFi with WiFi as an innovative, scalable solution to ensure it keeps up with the massive data volumes generated by modern phones, tablets, and smart devices. 2025, Innovative Information Science and Technology Research Group. All rights reserved. -
Connecting Inner Competencies with Workplace Behavior: Influence of Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on OCB in IT and Non-IT
Emotional and spiritual intelligence are recognized as key resources that impact workplace behavior. This study explores their relationship with organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), the voluntary actions that improve organizational effectiveness. Using Self-Determination Theory and Social Exchange Theory, the research examines how these intelligences vary across demographic groups and their roles in OCB. Data were collected from 450 employees (272 males and 178 females) in IT and non-IT sectors using simple random sampling. Participants had experience levels from under 5 to over 11 years in their organizations. Standardized self-report measures were used, and the data were analyzed with t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, regression, and mediation analysis. The study found that females scored higher in spiritual intelligence and OCB, while emotional intelligence showed no gender differences. Married and more experienced employees exhibited higher emotional intelligence and OCB, whereas unmarried and less experienced individuals had increased spiritual intelligence. No significant differences were noted between IT and non-IT sectors. Emotional intelligence predicted OCB, but spiritual intelligence did not. Limitations included a cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reports. The findings suggest that organizations should prioritize emotional intelligence training and adapt engagement strategies based on employee demographics for a more effective workplace. NAJP. -
Digital Dignity: Ethical AI Governance for Protecting Religious Freedom
The chapter describes how artificial intelligence intersects with freedom of religion or belief through an analysis of policy deficiencies followed by proposed guidelines to address biases and discriminatory practices and cultural sensitivity problems. The implementation of a "human rights by design" method should become the standard practice by incorporating diverse data collection and bias assessment procedures and processes that explain artificial intelligence protocols and require collaboration between stakeholders. The chapter supports faith leader participation in AI development processes through a design method that also requires an adaptive governance system adapted to evolving religions and technologies. The integration of FoRB into AI ethics requires the analysis of best practices from IBM's fairness toolkit alongside Boston's transparency policies and the development of cross- border coordination systems that admit oversight mechanisms as an immediate requirement. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Educational Foundations on Cultural Immersion and Sustainable Development
Cultural immersion is experiential learning that fosters deep understanding of cultural exchange. Its power lies in driving sustainable development across global communities. This chapter analyzes cultural immersion through SDG 4's Quality Education framework, focusing on inclusive learning, vocational training, and sustainability education. These elements build intercultural competence and nurture responsible global citizenship. The study explores how cultural immersion supports sustainable development through quality education. Its theoretical framework reveals how experiential learning transforms perspectives and practices. Ultimately, this approach demonstrates cultural immersion's capacity to shape societies by connecting knowledge, empathy and concrete action, creating a more interconnected world from a holistic perspective. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
The enigmatic gut-brain-immune trio in brain and behavior disorders
The human gut is a bustling colony of micro-inhabitants such as bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. These microbes inhabited the earth trillions of years before humans, evolved along with humans, and have now outnumbered humans. It has now been established without doubt that these microbiota within us play a significant role in the maintenance of our physical health. They exist in a symbiotic and/or commensal relationship within the host body and assist in digestion, metabolism, and regulation of the immune functions. Interestingly, recent reports suggest that these aliens can regulated our brain and behaviour too. The role of the gut-brain axis in the overall well-being is becoming increasingly evident and nurturing this connection might address many of the challenges in targeting illnesses of the brain. Moreover, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more evidences have unfolded suggesting the impact of peripheral inflammation on mental health. Here, the importance of gut microbes, peripheral immune system, and their influence on brain diseases is addressed. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Are Employees Satisfied and Positive Towards Life?: From the Perspective of Subjective Wellbeing
Most of the organizations are mainly focusing on both the physical and mental wellbeing of the employees. There is not much research happening in the concept of subjective well- being. The chapter mainly focuses on the conceptual definition of the term. Also, examines the effective and cognitive aspects of subjective well- being. It also focuses on the factors where the factors focus on personal and organizational factors and outcomes that are related to the concept of subjective wellbeing. This chapter also gives some insights into managers on the importance of the subjective wellbeing as a concept in the organization and how it fosters the over wellbeing of the individual as well as organization. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Characterization and properties of plant extract-derived nanostructured carbon materials
The remarkable features of carbon nanomaterials, which include graphene, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon nanofibers, have elevated them to the forefront of material science study. These nanoparticles are very desirable for a variety of applications, such as electronics, energy storage, composites, and biomedical devices, due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical properties. This chapter offers a thorough rundown of the essential characteristics and cutting-edge methods for characterizing carbon nanomaterials. We examine the inherent qualities of several carbon nanostructures, emphasizing their surface chemistry, electrical and thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength. Every one of these characteristics is essential for figuring out whether carbon nanoparticles are appropriate for a given application. The chapter also covers cutting-edge characterization methods that are crucial for assessing the caliber and characteristics of carbon nanomaterials. AFM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and other spectroscopic techniques are covered in detail. These methods offer vital information on the shape, composition, purity, density of defects, and electrical characteristics of carbon nanomaterials. 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Photoresponse and electrochemical behaviour of azobenzene anchored graphene oxide for energy storage application
Solar energy is considered to be a renewable source of energy that is intrinsically more sustainable than fossil fuels. Developing photoactive hybrid materials to store solar energy has recently received much attention. Herein, a photoactive molecule-graphene oxide hybrid was synthesized and characterized systematically. The solar energy storage performances of the hybrids were studied using various photophysical studies. The energy density and power density of the hybrid materials were 47 WhKg?1 and 156.6 WKg-1 respectively which showed 3 fold higher than the pristine compound. The photoelectrochemical behaviour of the hybrid were also studied using Cyclic voltammetry and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Results showed the electrochemical performances can be varied due to their changing conformations from trans-to-cis isomerization. This work enables the research community in developing a promising material for solar thermal fuels as well as in energy storage devices. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Photoresponsive Carbon-Azobenzene Hybrids: A Promising Material for Energy Devices
Advancements in renewable energy technology have been a hot topic in the field of photoresponsive materials for a sustainable community. Organic compounds that function as photoswitches is being researched and developed for use in a variety of energy storage systems. Azobenzene photoswitches can be used to store and release solar energy in solar thermal fuels. This review draws out the significance of azobenzene as photoswitches and its recent advances in solar thermal fuels. The recent developments of nano carbon templated azobenzene, their interactions and the effect of substituents are highlighted. The review also introduces their applications in solar thermal fuels and concludes with the challenges and future scope of the material. The advancements of solar thermal fuels with cost effective and desired optimal properties can be explored by scientists and engineers from different technological backgrounds. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Capacitive Behaviour of Imidazole Azo Modified Carbon Nanotubes/Polypyrrole Composite in Aqueous Electrolytes
Here, we reported imidazole azo (Im) modified carbon nanotubes (CNT) grafted polypyrrole (PPy) via the chemical oxidation method. The synthesized hybrid material has shown a unique structure consisting of carbon nanotubes with a conductive network via polypyrrole. The presence of Im derivatives has helped CNTs to enhance their electrochemical performances. The as synthesized composite was characterized using various techniques like FT-IR, XRD, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. The morphological studies were performed using SEM technique which also confirmed the nature of the composite. The electrochemical performances of the electrode material were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in various electrolytes. The best performance of the electrode material was observed in 1 M H2SO4 with a specific capacitance of 305 F g?1 at a current density of 1 A g?1. The electrode material also showed a coulombic efficiency of 96% even after 5000 cycles. 2023 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. -
Azopyridine as a Linker Molecule in Polyaniline-Grafted Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Electrodes for Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Electronically conducting polymers (ECPs)/carbon nanomaterial-based polyaniline electrodes have received great interest in the field of supercapacitors due to their high specific capacitance, good electronic conductivity, good mechanical strength, good chemical and electrochemical stabilities, etc. Among the various available ECPs, they have received much importance due to their excellent electrochemical performances. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of a PANI-grafted graphene oxide (GO)-azopyridine (Azo) (PANI/GO-Azo) nanocomposite and use it as electrodes for fabricating supercapacitors. The azo units present in the nanocomposite act as a spacer between PANI and GO. The interfacial polymerization method is adopted for the synthesis of PANI/GO-Azo nanocomposites. The PANI/GO-Azo nanocomposite electrode exhibits a gravimetric capacitance of 426 F g-1 at a current density of 0.25 A g-1 in 1 M H2SO4 (aqueous) electrolyte. The electrode possesses good cycling stability of more than 5000 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.5%. An asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated with PANI/GO-Azo as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode delivers an energy density of 12.45 W h kg-1 with a power density of 274.9 W kg-1. This study proclaims that the PANI/GO-Azo nanocomposite electrode is highly promising for next-generation supercapacitors. 2023 American Chemical Society -
Strategically designed multiwalled carbon nanotube/bismuth ferrite/polyaniline nanocomposites and unlocking their potential for advanced supercapacitors
Bismuth ferrite (BF) serves a potential electrode-active material due to its peculiar characteristics such as wide voltage window and high specific capacitance, excellent stability, facile synthesis routes, etc. to name a few. Herein we report the strategic design and facile synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/BF/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites, particularly for application in advanced supercapacitors. The MWCNT/BF/PANI nanocomposite architecture is a strategic design in which the maximum available surface area is utilized for the electrode nanostructure with increased porosity that allows easy movement of electrolyte-ions through it. The uniform arrangement of BF on MWCNTs helps in mitigating the possible agglomeration, further augmenting the surface area for an enhanced charge storage. The strategic layout of PANI on BF-decorated MWCNTs has given a coral-like structure for the nanocomposite electrode which significantly increased the surface area, reduced ion pathways and facilitating better access to electrolytic K+ ions. The MWCNT/BF/PANI nanocomposite electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 3640 F g?1 at a current density of 5 A g?1. The innovative design as well as the synergy between the individual components of the nanocomposite electrode play a pivotal role in attaining the enhanced electrochemical performance. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Conceptual comprehension analysis of a student using soft cosine measure
Knowledge is the substantial wealth of a man and he possesses an innate thirst to acquire it. Knowledge embodies facts or ideas acquired through study, investigation and observation or experience. In this context, technology with its varied techniques comprising endless algorithms in natural language processing (NLP) plays an imperative role in the pursuit of knowledge. Inferences thus gathered are a clear pointer to the content teaching of students. Soft cosine measure algorithm is used in this analysis process to provide an answer regarding the grasping ability of each student with optimum learner participation and creativity. After each lecture, students have to upload their corresponding notes and this in turn would be compared with the teacher's lecture notes. The soft cosine computation gives individual results, on how much each student has comprehended a concept. This new methodology is a much awaited contribution of the educational field. 2022 Author(s). -
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of MWCNTs/NiS/graphitic carbon nitride as next generation asymmetric supercapacitors
Fabricating new electrode materials with high capacitive properties is crucial in contemporary research. The construction of hybrid supercapacitors developed using transition metal-sulfides and carbonaceous materials provides significant surface area and distinctive charge storage characteristics. In the present work, NH2-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/NiS/g-C3N4 (MNG) hybrid was synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method, and pristine g-C3N4 using thermal method. The morphological studies of the hybrid materials show the presence of tube like MWCNTs, sphere-like NiS, and sheet like g-C3N4. The uniform distribution of all the components in the hybrid helps in exhibiting excellent electrochemical performances. The prepared electrode material shows a specific capacitance of 2432 F g?1 at a current density of 4 A g?1. Furthermore, following a series of 10,000 cycling tests, the hybrid ternary composite retains 98 % of its initial capacitance. An asymmetric coin cell of MNG//AC was fabricated with an exceptional energy density of 73.3 Wh kg?1 and a power density of 1599.2 W kg?1. This remarkable rate performance and cycle stability exhibited by the material indicate its potential as a highly efficient electrode material for supercapacitors. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Hybrid architecture of Multiwalled carbon nanotubes/nickel sulphide/polypyrrole electrodes for supercapacitor
A hybrid electrode structure consisting of amino functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotube, nickel sulphide, and polypyrrole is successfully synthesized using a two-step synthesis such as hydrothermal and in-situ polymerization method. The resulting MWCNT/NiS/PPy composite exhibits a distinct tube-in-tube morphology with excellent stratification. The combination of different components and the unique structure of the composite contribute to its impressive specific capacitance of 1755 F g?1 at 3 A g?1. The prepared ternary composite enables ample exposure of numerous active sites while improving structural stability, ultimately leading to enhanced energy storage capabilities. They do this by combining the advantages of constituent components, a hierarchical assembly approach, and an integrated composite structure. Furthermore, even after undergoing 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, the supercapacitor retains more than 97% of columbic efficiency. An asymmetric coin cell was fabricated using MWCNT/NiS/PPy//AC device which delivered an energy density and power density of 33.12 Wh Kg?1 and 6750 W kg?1 respectively. These findings highlight the exceptional potential of the fabricated device for future applications in hybrid energy storage systems. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Analysis of unsteady flow of blood conveying iron oxide nanoparticles on melting surface due to free convection using Casson model
Iron oxide nanoparticles have great importance in future biomedical applications because of their intrinsic properties, such as low toxicity, colloidal stability, and surface engineering capability. So, blood containing iron oxide nanoparticles are used in biomedical sciences as contrast agents following intravenous administration. The current problem deals with an analysis of the melting heat transfer of blood consisting iron nanoparticles in the existence of free convection. The principal equations of the problem are extremely nonlinear partial differential equations which transmute into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by applying proper similarity transformations. The acquired similarity equalities are then solved numerically by Runge-Kutta Felhsberg 45th-order method. The results acquired are on the same level with past available results. Some noteworthy findings of the study are: the rate of heat transfer increases as the Casson parameter increases and also found that the temperature of the blood can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the Prandtl number. Hence, we conclude that flow and heat transfer of blood have significant clinical importance during the stages where the blood flow needs to be checked (surgery) and the heat transfer rate must be controlled (therapy). 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC -
A parallel approach for region-growing segmentation
Image Segmentations play a heavy role in areas such as computer vision and image processing due to its broad usage and immense applications. Because of the large importance of image segmentation a number of algorithms have been proposed and different approaches have been adopted. In this theme I tried to parallelize the image segmentation using a region growing algorithm. The primary goal behind this theme is to enhance performance or speed up the image segmentation on large volume image data sets, i.e. Very high resolution images (VHR). In parliamentary law to get the full advantage of GPU computing, equally spread the workload among the available threads. Threads assigned to individual pixels iteratively merge with adjacent segments and always ensuring the standards that the heterogeneity of image objects should be belittled. An experimental analysis upon different orbital sensor images has made out in order to assess the quality of results. 2015 IEEE. -
Dynamic Load Scheduling Using Clustering for Increasing Efficiency of Warehouse Order Fulfillment Done Through Pick and Place Bots
The domain of warehouse automation has been picking up due to the vast developments in e-commerce owing to growing demand and the need to improve customer satisfaction. The one crucial component that needs to be integrated into large warehouses is automated pick and place of orders from the storage facility using automated vehicles integrated with a forklift (Pick and Place bots). Even with automation being employed, there is a lot of room for improvement with the current technology being used as the loading of the bots is inefficient and not dynamic. This paper discusses a method to dynamically allocate load between the Pick and Place BOTs in a warehouse during order fulfillment. This dynamic allocation is done using clustering,an unsupervised Machine Learning algorithm. This paper discusses using fuzzy C-means clustering to improve the efficiency of warehouse automation. The discussed algorithm improves the efficiency of order fulfillment significantly and is demonstrated in this paper using multiple simulations to see around 35% reduction in order fulfillment time and around 55% increase in efficiency. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Patient Monitoring System for Elderly Care using AI Robot
The use of robots in numerous industries has expanded in recent decades. Self-guiding robots have started to arise in human life, particularly in sectors pertaining to the lives of old people. Age-related population growth is accelerating globally. As a result, there is a rising need for personal care robots. The purpose of this requirement is to increase opportunities for mobility and support independence. To meet this demand, a robot with specific functionalities to help older people has been designed. The standard values of healthcare parameters are stored in the database by recording and comparing the current values the system will give an alarm and also sends a message to the doctor or caretaker so that a proper care would be given to the patients. We are including a preset distance value to monitor the elder people. Here we are using some sensors to detect the health parameters from the person. Robot have designed to intimate the family members if any changes occur in the health parameters. It helps the people to stay alone in home with safe manner. 2022 IEEE.