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Value Addition for Technology Start-Ups Through Physical Co-Location
Numerous economic theories, knowledge, social, and communication theories have extensively explored the phenomenon of physical co-location in various contexts. However, limited scholarly attention has been given to co-location in emerging contexts such as co-working spaces, predominantly used by start-ups. One of the critical questions examined is how co-location adds value to technology start-ups in the early and growth stages of their development. We chose a premium coworking space in Bangalore, Indias start-up capital, as the studys research setting during January March 2020. The qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews to explore the phenomenon. Our findings revealed that start-ups actively used co-located resources to explore, experiment, and validate new business ideas in the early stage. As they transitioned into the growth phase, they exploited co-located industry networks to expand into new markets. They also learned vicariously from other co-located resources and used them to solve complex problems and refined their processes and routines. As start-ups begin to grow and expand, co-location infrastructure-related costs are not justifiable, operations are less secure, and the meta culture of the co-located environment is in conflict with the firms operating culture. The results of this study have the potential to be significant for technology start-ups that are exploring new ways of working and addressing uncertainties during the early and growth stages of their development. 2021, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Value addition to international students' exchange programs through engagement in services
Social responsibility has been an emerging concept in Higher Educational Institutions in India. Promoting social responsibility through international students' exchange programs helps students' capacity to improve their cultural, social and service knowledge to bring about sustainable and meaningful development. This chapter looks at the impact of the interventions of international students in slum communities, especially working with children and women for their academic, health and economic empowerment. This was a qualitative study using a self-structured interview schedule. Data were collected from twenty international students from universities of Norway and the Netherlands who were placed in urban slums for five years and thirty children and women from urban slums of Bangalore who benefitted from this program. A purposive sampling method was used, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This chapter reveals the development of children and women through international students' programs and helps showcase further planning for innovative programs for vulnerable populations. Attitudes of both groups towards cultural differences and the expectation and effectiveness of the exchange program may also be described in this chapter. This chapter intends to help plan international exchange programs from different dimensions benefiting the slum communities for their development and sensitizing cultural differences from different perspectives. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Value co-creation through search efforts and customer involvement impacting purchase intention of smart phones
A marketing strategy which successfully involves its customer helps in stimulating purchase intentions. Understanding the behavioral aspects of customers become pertinent in formulating such strategies. The aim of this paper is to explore the underlying factors of customer involvement in value co-creation and discover how it affects the purchase intention of the customers towards smartphones. The study also tries to understand the contribution of search efforts towards customer involvement and how it affects purchase intention. The data for the study has been collected through a validated questionnaire from 233 respondents. Extensive literatures are reviewed to identify research gap and identify the variables for the study. The study can help marketers to identify the factors of customer involvement so that they can understand the customer purchase behaviour better and hence forecast on customer purchase intention to improve their sales of smartphones. BEIESP. -
Value co-creation through search efforts and customer involvement impacting purchase intention of smart phones /
International Journal of Recent Technology And Engineering, Vol.8, Issue 3, pp.3894-3902, ISSN No: 2277-3878. -
Value Ingredients Private Limited: engaging farmers for achieving triple bottom line
Learning outcomes: After completion of this case study, students will be able to apply the triple bottom line concept to a spice manufacturing and export company (RBT 3); to examine the options before Value Ingredients Private Limited (VIPL), namely, to cultivate spices in the traditional way versus adopting integrated pest management (IPM) to cater to international markets (RBT 4); to analyse the returns for an IPM farmer vis-vis a conventional farmer, and to compare the returns therein (RBT 4); and to evaluate the ways and means of engaging farmers to change their way of cultivation (RBT 5) Case overview/synopsis: The COVID-19 pandemic heightened awareness about the benefits of spices and buoyed its demand worldwide, which presented an opportunity to VIPL, a spice manufacturing company based in Chennai, to expand its business. However, the export markets demanded residue-free spices grown with little or no use of pesticides. Traditional farmers supplying spices to VIPL were accustomed to spraying pesticides whenever there was a pest attack. This case study discussed the options that the protagonist Mr Sijil Karim, managing director and CEO of VIPL, had, who wanted to onboard farmers for pesticide-free cultivation. The options before him were either to continue traditional farming or adopt IPM. This case study discussed the merits, demerits and challenges of each of these options. The triple bottom line concept discussed three Ps people, planet and prosperity for this case as follows: The farmers and the consumers constituted the people in the spice supply chain. The farmers supplying organic, export-worthy spices under the guidance of VIPL gained 30% more than regular spice farmers, which were accrued through cost savings and better prices. The consumers benefitted from the pesticide-free, organic spices through accrued health gains. The manufacture of organic, pesticide-free spices helped the planet, as the process did not release hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere. VIPL manufactured pesticide-free spice with a focus on prosperity. Complexity academic level: The case study can be introduced in a course on sustainability while discussing the triple bottom line concept. This case study showed how a for-profit company grew without losing sight of the planet or its focus on people. This case is best suited for students who have preliminary knowledge of supply chain management, operations and sustainability. Therefore, it is suited for sophomore-year students of MBA. Supplementary materials: Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code: CSS 11: Strategy. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Value-based teaching English language and literature
Aim. The ultimate aim became the realisation of the political ideas of democracy, equality, and social justice (Orlenius, 2001; Svingby, 1994, p. 57). The current study aimed to explore the concept of value education at Poornaprajna institutions that have adopted value education in their curriculum. Methods. The study was designed in a qualitative exploratory research approach. The researcher had adopted the interviews for a case study as a microscopic social study through observation and also studied the archival records in Poornaprajna institutions. The informal group interviews were administered as part of a qualitative research approach, which aimed to collect data from twenty eight English teachers and students of Poornaprajna institutions. Result. The validity and trustworthiness of the study were established by adopting Miles and Hubemans formula, which amounted to 0.91. The exploration and findings revealed the need and implication of value education in the present scenario. Further-more, the data analysis revealed that value education is a process that begins at home and continues in society, and further, it continues in formal educational institutions. Conclusion. The study envisions that the educational institutions must integrate the curriculum with value education so that students cultural worlds, meanings they attribute to behaviour, events which essentially lead to the developmental process of the society. The National Education Policy 2020, aims to universalise education in India by 2025; it also aims at inter-and multidisciplinary approaches in Indian education. The pre-sent study juxtaposes an interdisciplinary approach to English and value education. 2021, Pro Scientia Publica Foundation. All rights reserved. -
Vapor growth and optimization of supersaturation for tailoring the physical properties of stoichiometric Sb2Se3 crystalline habits
The evolution of different morphologies (fibers, whiskers, needles, and spherulites) of antimony selenide (Sb2Se3), devoid of foreign chemical elements, was explored by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, employing an indigenously assembled tubular furnace, which showed layer growth mode as per the metallurgical and scanning electron micrographs. Supersaturation for crystallization was optimized by precisely controlling the difference in temperatures of nutrient and growth zones, ?T = TN ? TG, where ?T = 125 to 350C. The strain and dislocation density of the crystals were evaluated from the crystallographic data. Monophase nature has been confirmed by Rietveld refinement analysis of the PXRD findings, using Full Proof software. UVVis-NIR and PL spectra of the morphologies revealed band gap, Eg in the range, 1.151.18eV. Among these habits, good-quality whiskers bearing flat faces of appreciable crystallinity, stoichiometry, thermal stability and mechanical strength were produced due to the periodic deposition of atoms associated with the progression of smooth vaporsolid (v?) interface as evident from PXRD, EDAX, XPS, TGA and microindentation analyses. Hall effect measurements resulted in obtaining appreciable values of electrical parameters, ? = 145.36 ? cm and n = 7.39 1018cm?3 for PV applications. Moreover, optical studies justified direct transition with adequate photon absorption which promises the suitability of whiskers as absorbers in the energy conversion process. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Vapour Growth and Characterization of Beta Indium Sesquitelluride Crystals
Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol-394, pp. 1-6. ISSN-0022-0248 -
Vapour growth and characterization of beta indium sesquitelluride crystals
Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) provides stoichiometric crystals of different morphology, depending upon the materials, geometry of ampoules, temperature profiles, growth parameters and kinetics of crystallization. The crystal forms such as needles, platelets and spherulites of beta indium sesquitelluride (?-In2Te3) were produced by controlling the temperature of source and growth zones. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and chemical analysis of the spherulitic crystals confirmed zinc blende structure with beta phase. Their resistivity (135.16 ? cm) at room temperature (300 K) was determined by van der Pauw method. The temperature dependence of DC conductivity was investigated using the conventional two-probe technique. The variation of dielectric constant (?1) and dielectric loss (tan ?) with temperature has been studied for different frequencies (1 kHz-1 MHz). The AC conductivity, ?ac(?) was found to vary with angular frequency as ?s, where s is the frequency exponent. The values of s lie very close to unity and show a slight decrease with increase in temperature, which indicate a Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) between centres forming Intimate Valence Alternation Pairs (IVAP). The activation energy for conduction ranges from 0.187 eV to 0.095 eV. The microhardness of ?-In2Te3 spherulites is found to be 353.5 kg/mm2, which is higher than that of other semiconducting chalcogenides. The results thus obtained on crystals grown from vapour phase open up ample possibilities for radiation detector applications. 2014 Elsevier B.V. -
Variable initial energy and unequal clustering (VEUC) based multicasting in WSN
Multicast Communication plays an important role in most of the resource constrained networking environments such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Internet of Things (IOT). Communication in WSN is restricted by energy, computation and memory capabilities of sensor nodes. Designing an efficient routing algorithm to achieve communication between Stationary Base station (BS) and a cluster of sensor nodes in a specific region requires the base station to send individual messages to all sensor nodes. This approach consumes a large amount of energy and bandwidth. A variety of algorithms exist to address this issue by dividing the sensor nodes into clusters. Each cluster is monitored by a Cluster Head (CH), responsible for gathering and aggregating data to send the same to the BS. In this paper, we reviewed existing clustering techniques and propose an unequal clustering based scheme. This allows the BS to communicate a multicast message to cluster members as well as a cluster head to communicate with other cluster members. The results show that our approach improves network lifetime. 2017 IEEE. -
Variable parametric test to improve the machinability of Inconel-718 using Tungsten Carbide tool
The Inconel-718 is a nickel based super alloy containing an old age hardening alloy of nickel-chromium as addition which provides increased strength without its decrease in ductility. It is known as a difficult to cut material due to certain properties like high thermal resistance, high creep, corrosion resistance having the capability of retaining toughness and strength at high temperatures. Inconel-718 has a large number of applications in the world of manufacturing such as aircraft gas turbines, steam turbine power plants, reheaters and reciprocating engines. Due to such superior quality functions, its machining becomes more challenging for which Tungsten Carbide is one of the tools to improve the machinability to 2.64%. In this paper, parametric tests has been carried out in CNC machining to determine the tool performance and improve the machining conditions. 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Variable viscosity effects on third-grade liquid flow in post-treatment analysis of wire coating in the presence of nanoparticles
Purpose: The features of coated wire product are measured by the flow and heat transport occurring in the interior of dies. Therefore, an understanding of characteristics of polymers momentum, heat mass transfer and wall shear stress is of great interest. Enhancement of heat transfer rate is fundamental need of wire coating process. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of suspended nanoparticles in heat and mass transport phenomena of third-grade liquid in post-treatment of wire coating process. Buongiorno model for nanofluid is adopted. Two cases of temperature dependent viscosity are considered. Design/methodology/approach: The governing equations are modelled with the help of steady-state conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and nanoparticle concentration. Some appropriate dimensionless variables are introduced. Numerical solutions for the nonlinear problem are developed through RungeKuttaFehlberg technique. The outcome of sundry variables for dimensionless flow, thermal and nanoparticle volume fraction fields are scrutinised through graphical illustrations. Findings: The studys numerical results disclose that the force on the total wire surface and shear stress at the surface in case of Reynolds Model dominate Vogels Model case. Impact of nanoparticles is constructive for force on the total wire surface and shear stress at the surface. The velocity of the coating material can be enhanced by the non-Newtonian property. Practical implications: This study may provide useful information to improve the wire coating technology. Originality/value: Effect of nanoparticles in wire coating analysis by using Brownian motion and thermophoresis slip mechanisms is investigated for the first time. Two different models for variable viscosity are used. 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Variable viscosity effects on third-grade liquid flow in post-treatment analysis of wire coating in the presence of nanoparticles /
International Journal of Numerical Methods For Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol.28, Issue 10, pp.2425-2441, ISSN No: 0961-5539. -
Variations in andrographolide content, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of leaves of andrographis paniculata (L.) nees collected from different locations of Southern India
In present study, the samples collected from different locations of Southern India viz., Yellapur Beltargadde, Siddapur, Joida, Ankola, Sirsi Kangod, Yellapur Shalabail, Sirsi Bairumbe, Karwar of Karnataka and Kasaragod from Kerala were analyzed for the andrographolide content, total phenolic and flavonoid content and screened for their antioxidant potential. The A. paniculata leaves were extracted with three different solvents (chloroform, methanol and water) and methanolic extract of Siddapur showed highest (8.82 0.25 mg/g DW) amount of phenolic content whereas, aqueous extract of Ankola (3.00 1.18 mg/g DW) showed the least amount. Chloroform extract of Yellapur Beltargadde village showed highest quantity i.e. 1.87 0.50 mg/g DW of flavonoid content and aqueous extract of Yellapur Beltargadde showed 0.30 0.20 mg/g DW which was least among all the tested samples. The sample collected from Karwar was found to have highest andrographolide content (9.36 0.02 mg/g DW) followed by Yellapur Beltargadde sample with 7.29 0.01 mg/g DW and Sirsi Kasaragod has the lowest contents of 1.54 0.1 mg/g DW when analyzed through HPLC. Among the nine locations, methanol extract from Joida showed highest percentage of scavenging activity (91.95%) followed by methanol extract of Ankola (90.42%) and chloroform extract of Siddapur (77.31%) which was the lowest value of all samples tested. 2021 Chemical Publishing Co.. All rights reserved. -
Variations in the l-dopa content, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of different germlines of mucuna pruriens (l.) dc.
In this study a 'wonder plant' Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., which is commercially important medicinal plant of the Fabaceae family known for its treatment in Central Nervous System disorders like Dementia, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, etc. have been selected. Different germplasms have been collected to analyze the phytochemical variations between them and quantify the L-DOPA in root, stem, leaves and seeds of all the five germlines using HPLC. Along with the biochemical assays, antioxidant activity by DPPH, phosphomolybdneum method, the metal chelating and reductive potential activity of all the germplasms were studied. All parts of the plant have shown the presence of L-DOPA but, seeds have the highest quantity followed by the roots, stem and leaves. Arka Shubra seeds showed high L-DOPA content (51.9 mg/g) while the other germplasms showed L-DOPA ranging from 43-45 mg/g. Highest content of carbohydrates (258.8 mg/g) and phenolics (157.0 mg/g) was seen in the seeds of Arka Aswini. While the seeds and leaves of Arka Charaka showed high protein (332.2 mg/g) and flavonoid (10.2 mg/g) content, respectively. High proline (1.74 mg/g) was observed in the seeds of Arka Shubra. Antioxidant studies revealed that Arka Charaka and Arka Daksha to be having high reductive power and free radical scavenging activity by phosphomolybdate method while high metal chelating activity was observed in Arka Aswini (88.7%) and high antioxidant activity by DPPH method was seen in Arka Shubra (86.5%). 2021 Chemical Publishing Co.. All rights reserved. -
VAST-GCN: An Attention-Driven Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) for Robust Cluster Head Selection in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) need smart and flexible communication protocols to deal with fast-moving vehicles and ever-changing network structures. Picking the right cluster head (CH) plays a key role to keep connections stable and reduce routing overhead. This paper presents VAST-GCN (Vehicular Attention-based Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network), a new model that uses attention to make vehicle grouping and CH selection better across different network sizes. VAST-GCN mixes Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) with Spatial, Temporal, and Channel Attention systems. Approach in vehicle settings with 100, 500, and 1000 vehicles has been tested using real-time info like speed and place. The design has transformer blocks to model time-based features and attention modules to improve space and feature relationships leading to better vehicle data. Data have been grouped using the K-Means method and checked with modularity score, silhouette score, and group density. At the time of comparison, it has been observed that VAST-GCN does better than regular GCN and MIXHOP GCN models in cutting down loss making better community structures, and keeping CHs stable when there are few vehicles or theyre moving fast. The proposed VAST-GCN framework exhibits clear advantages over existing spatio-temporal GNNs by delivering superior modularity, silhouette scores, and cluster head stability across diverse vehicular scenarios. Its attention-driven architecture not only improves clustering accuracy but also reduces packet delay and enhances throughput, highlighting its excellence as a robust and scalable solution for dynamic VANET environments. The Author(s) 2025. -
Vehicular Propagation Velocity Forecasting Using Open CV
This work presents a predictive learning driven methodology for recognizing the vehicular velocity. The developed model uses machine vision models to trace and detect vehicular movement in timely manner. It further deploys a machine tested framework for estimation of its velocity on basis of the accumulated information. The technique depends upon a CNN model that is validated with a standardized instances of vehicular scans and corresponding velocity parameters. The proposed model generates good efficiency and robustness in determining velocities across test conditions which encompass various kinds of vehicles and lighting scenarios. An optimal vehicular frequency is noted with heavy-weight vehicles in place in comparison to other vehicles. A mean latency period of 1.25 seconds and an error rate of 0.05 is observed with less road traffic in place. The suggested approach can be of great help in transportation systems, traffic monitoring and enhancing road safety. 2023 IEEE. -
Verification and validation of MapReduce program model for parallel K-means algorithm on Hadoop cluster
With the development of information technology, a large volume of data is growing and getting stored electronically. Thus, the data volumes processing by many applications will routinely cross the petabyte threshold range, in that case it would increase the computational requirements. Efficient processing algorithms and implementation techniques are the key in meeting the scalability and performance requirements in such scientific data analyses. So for the same here, we have p analyzed the various MapReduce Programs and a parallel clustering algorithm (PKMeans) on Hadoop cluster, using the Concept of MapReduce. Here, in this experiment we have verified and validated various MapReduce applications like wordcount, grep, terasort and parallel K-Means Clustering Algorithm. We have found that as the number of nodes increases the execution time decreases, but also some of the interesting cases has been found during the experiment and recorded the various performance change and drawn different performance graphs. This experiment is basically a research study of above MapReduce applications and also to verify and validate the MapReduce Program model for Parallel K-Means algorithm on Hadoop Cluster having four nodes. 2013 IEEE. -
Verification and validation of Parallel Support Vector Machine algorithm based on MapReduce Program model on Hadoop cluster
From the recent years the large volume of data is growing bigger and bigger. It is difficult to measure the total volume of structured and unstructured data that require machine-based systems and technologies in order to be fully analyzed. Efficient implementation techniques are the key to meeting the scalability and performance requirements entailed in such scientific data analysis. So for the same in this paper the Sequential Support Vector Machine in WEKA and various MapReduce Programs including Parallel Support Vector Machine on Hadoop cluster is analyzed and thus, in this way Algorithms are Verified and Validated on Hadoop Cluster using the Concept of MapReduce. In this paper, the performance of above applications has been shown with respect to execution time/training time and number of nodes. Experimental Results shows that as the number of nodes increases the execution time decreases. This experiment is basically a research study of above MapReduce applications. 2013 IEEE. -
VERTEX COLOURING OF FINITE NETWORKS WITH RESPECT TO AVERAGE DISTANCE
For a finite network, represented as a graph G = (V, E) with average distance (G), the average distance colouring of G is a function c from V to the set of non-negative integers, such that for any v ? V, |c(v) ? c(u)| ? 1 for all u ? V such that d(u, v) ? ??. In this paper, we find the average distance colouring number of some special types of networks and present a greedy algorithm to colour any graph with average distance colouring constraint. 2025, Diogenes Co. Ltd.. All rights reserved.