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Blockchain Integrated Pharmaceutical Cold Chain: An Adoption Perspective
A complex and sensitive chain needs to be appropriately maintained to manage public health and people's lives. This is especially true of the cold pharmaceutical chain. The primary objective of this study is to explain how blockchain adaption might meet a pharmaceutical cold chain's requirements. A comprehensive technological adoption model, partial least square structural equation modeling, and a quantitative cross-sectional survey approach were utilized to identify stakeholder adoption intentions toward a blockchain-enabled cold supply chain. This study provides evidence that blockchain technology has the potential to support the objectives of the cold pharmaceutical chain. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Blockchain Integrated Retail Logistics Chain: An Adoption Perspective
The task of managing public health and safety is a multifaceted and delicate one that demands the careful upkeep of numerous processes and systems, with a particular emphasis on cold chain logistics. The primary objective of this research is to investigate how blockchain technology can meet the needs of a retail cold chain. To accomplish this goal, we employed a comprehensive technological adoption model, partial least squares structural equation modeling, and a quantitative cross-sectional survey approach to ascertain stakeholder adoption intentions toward a blockchain-enabled cold supply chain. Our findings suggest that blockchain technology has the capacity to effectively facilitate the goals of the retail cold chain. 2024 IEEE. -
Blockchain Scalability: Solutions, Challenges and Future Possibilities
In recent years, blockchain has received a lot of interest and has also been widely adopted. Yet, blockchain scalability is proving to be a difficult problem. To create a new node in platforms like Bitcoin takes few days of time. This scalability problem has few proposed solutions. The present alternatives to blockchain scalability are divided into two groups in this paper: first layer and second layer techniques. Second layer solutions suggest procedures that are deployed outside of the blockchain, while first layer methods propose adjustments to the blockchain (i.e., altering the blockchain design, such as block size). We concentrate on sharding as a viable first-layer solution to the scalability problem. The thought behind sharding is to split the blockchain network into numerous groups, each processing a different set of transactions. Furthermore, we compare few of the already available sharding-based blockchain solutions and present a performance-based comparative analysis in form of the benefits and drawbacks of the existing solutions. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Blockchain security for artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support tool
For a healthcare organization, it is very difficult to satisfy the growing challenges and cost and provide good quality care. But nowadays clinical decision support system becomes an essential tool for a healthcare organization to help healthcare experts enhance the treatment process and advance healthcare services. Clinical decision support system supports collaborative treatment to enhance medical services. In a collaborative treatment service, the patient's health records are shared by different healthcare experts. All the patient health data are maintained by an electronic health records system. Electronic health records have very sensitive and patient's private information so sharing electronic health records is a very challenging task. Some downsides of collaborative treatment are privacy and lack of confidence among contributors like a patient, doctors, radiologist, hospitals, and insurance organization. Blockchain which is known as distributed ledger technology and has a secured architecture framework can be used to enhance the healthcare organization. Blockchain with artificial intelligence has a great potential in helping healthcare traders tackle major healthcare issues and challenges. In this chapter, we discussed how artificial intelligence and blockchain as a powerful pair can transform the healthcare sector. We also discussed the model, challenges, and application in clinical decision support tools. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain technology as a panacea in tourism industry
The purpose of this study is to investigate how a customer's travel experience in the tourist sector affects customer satisfaction based on service value through the implementation of Blockchain Technology. 250 questionnaires were administered to tourists, tour operators, travel agents, hoteliers, and transportation companies using the Cluster Sampling method to obtain a sample size of 238. Blockchain technology, Customer Satisfaction, and Service Value are the critical variables observed to validate the hypothesis using Correlation, ANOVA & Regression Analysis. There is a strong correlation between the value of a service and blockchain technology. Secure payment is the most important component in developing and improving service value among customers and is the best predictor of service value. 2024 Srinesh Thakur, Anvita Electronics, 16-11-762, Vijetha Golden Empire, Hyderabad. -
Blockchain Technology for Emerging Applications: A Comprehensive Approach
Blockchain Technology for Emerging Applications: A Comprehensive Approach explores recent theories and applications of the execution of blockchain technology. Chapters look at a wide range of application areas, including healthcare, digital physical frameworks, web of-things, smart transportation frameworks, interruption identification frameworks, ballot-casting, architecture, smart urban communities, and digital rights administration. The book addresses the engineering, plan objectives, difficulties, constraints, and potential answers for blockchain-based frameworks. It also looks at blockchain-based design perspectives of these intelligent architectures for evaluating and interpreting real-world trends. Chapters expand on different models which have shown considerable success in dealing with an extensive range of applications, including their ability to extract complex hidden features and learn efficient representation in unsupervised environments for blockchain security pattern analysis. 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain Technology in Financial Sector and Its Legal Implications
The blockchain technology has reached the tipping point. Blockchain is a zero-level technology on different applications such as crypto, smart contract, tokens, and DAO function. The applications of blockchain technology have generated new paradigms posing significant challenges to the world. Although blockchain technology is evolving and is in its nascent stage, the financial world has started relying upon it and is heavily investing in blockchain applications. In such a scenario, there is every possibility of its being misused and used for illicit purposes like money laundering, hacking, privacy breach, Ponzi investment scheme, terrorist financing, etc. Keeping this in view, this paper aims to explore how blockchain technology is used in the financial sector and analyse the legal implications thereof. For this, the chapter will explain what blockchain technology is, how it is being applied in the financial sector, need for regulation, and lastly, draw conclusions and suggest a few corrective measures. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Blockchain Technology in the Fashion Industry: Virtual Propinquity to Business
The concept of fashion has been coupled with technology, where technology has become the protagonist. The transparency between an organization and a customer works as a catalyst, and the customer has taken a more mainstream role. With blockchain technology, companies can reconnect with customers and customers can track the journey of a product from its raw materials to the finished goods. The primary focus of the study is on services and data collected from the following sectors, namely fashion, apparel, and online platforms. The authors main goals are (1) to illustrate an overview of how big data is transforming the service industry, especially the fashion and design sector, and (2) to present various mechanisms adopted in the service industry. The study aims to investigate a model that fits through EXT-TAM and uses additional attributes of blockchain technology with a special reference to fashion apparel. The findings of this study depict a model, where PEOU, PU, and attitude are the major constructs and present a win-win scenario for both the customer and the organization. 2022 Authors. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain technology toward green internet of thingsan exploratory survey
Over the past couple of decades, there has been a spike in industrial activity across the entire world, which has led to an increase in the utilization of fossil fuels. During the same era, technological innovations have triggered an increase in both climate change and carbon legacies. The use of energy by the Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted in a fresh dilemma, which has oriented our priority toward the design of an IoT ecosystem that is more ecological and sustainable. Institutions of higher learning and business corporations have shown interest in the green IoT because it facilitates improved energy-efficient delivery of services and simplifies the process to generate and make consumable use of renewable energy. Blockchain technology is gaining interest from energy producers, entrepreneurial ventures, investment firms, legislatures, and scientists since it is incredibly flexible, safe, and secure. This chapter focuses on the significance of blockchain technology in the green IoT community, highlights the critical considerations that need to be taken into account, and explores how blockchain technology renders the IoT ecosphere healthier and greener. In addition to this, it places an emphasis on the inherent necessity of establishing a long-term IoT infrastructure that takes utilization of the appropriate blockchain technology to another level altogether. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain Technology: Applications and Challenges in Computer Science
In the growth of computer science blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive force that is enhancing various area of software and the way data is managed, stored, and safeguarded. This essay offers a thorough examination of the uses and difficulties of blockchain technology in computer science. In this essay, blockchain technology has shown itself to be a game-changing innovation with numerous computer science applications. It has the enormous potential to completely transform sectors including finance, supply chain management, healthcare, voting systems, and IoT devices. The software technology is completely achieved with blockchain technology and the main security issue is solved with energy use and scalability. The new opportunities are examined and addressed with this innovation sector for creating effective solutions. 2023 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain Using Wireless Technology
In today's dynamic digital landscape, blockchain technology emerges as a pioneering force with the potential to redefine industries and transform the way we conduct business, share information, and establish trust. This chapter explores the foundational concepts of blockchain technology, its versatile applications, and the profound impacts it can have on various sectors. While blockchain holds immense promise, challenges like scalability, energy consumption, and regulatory frameworks must be addressed. Decentralized apps and smart contracts introduce new vulnerabilities that demand vigilant management. The integration of blockchain with wireless technology expands opportunities and streamlines processes. Wireless connectivity enhances accessibility, reach, and interaction with blockchain applications, benefiting finance, supply chain, and healthcare sectors. Real-time data sharing and reduced infrastructure reliance boost productivity. Environmental concerns, including blockchain's energy consumption and e-waste from wireless devices, need mitigation. In conclusion, the fusion of blockchain and wireless technology offers tremendous potential but demands a delicate balance between technological progress and environmental stewardship. Addressing reliability, security, scalability, and environmental impacts through innovative solutions and ethical practices is vital for a connected and sustainable future. 2024 CRC Press. -
Blockchain with deep learning-enabled secure healthcare data transmission and diagnostic model
At these times, internet of things (IoT) technologies have become ubiquitous in the healthcare sector. Because of the increasing needs of IoT, massive quantity of patient data is being gathered and is utilized for diagnostic purposes. The recent developments of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) models are commonly employed to accurately identify the diseases in real-time scenarios. Despite the benefits, security, energy constraining, insufficient training data are the major issues which need to be resolved in the IoT enabled medical field. To accomplish the security, blockchain technology is recently developed which is a decentralized architecture that is widely utilized. With this motivation, this paper introduces a new blockchain with DL enabled secure medical data transmission and diagnosis (BDL-SMDTD) model. The goal of the BDL-SMDTD model is to securely transmit the medical images and diagnose the disease with maximum detection rate. The BDL-SMDTD model incorporates different stages of operations such as image acquisition, encryption, blockchain, and diagnostic process. Primarily, moth flame optimization (MFO) with elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), called MFO-ECC technique is used for the image encryption process where the optimal keys of ECC are generated using MFO algorithm. Besides, blockchain technology is utilized to store the encrypted images. Then, the diagnostic process involves histogram-based segmentation, Inception with ResNet-v2-based feature extraction, and support vector machine (SVM)-based classification. The experimental performance of the presented BDL-SMDTD technique has been validated using benchmark medical images and the resultant values highlighted the improved performance of the BDL-SMDTD technique. The proposed BDL-SMDTD model accomplished maximum classification performance with sensitivity of 96.94%, specificity of 98.36%, and accuracy of 95.29%, whereas the feature extraction is performed based on ResNet-v2 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Blockchain-based circular economy for achieving environmental sustainability in the Indian electronic MSMEs
Purpose: The circular economy is a production and consumption model that encourages people to share, lease, reuse, repair, refurbish and recycle existing materials and products for as long as possible. The blockchain-based circular economy is being used in many industries worldwide, but Indian electronic MSMEs face many problems in adopting a blockchain-based circular economy. The research aims to discover the barriers the electronic MSMEs face in adopting a blockchain-based circular economy and pull back from achieving environmental sustainability in their operations. Design/methodology/approach: Fifteen barriers are identified from the literature review and finalized with experts' opinions. These barriers are evaluated by using interpretive structural modeling (ISM), MICMAC analysis and fuzzy TOPSIS method. Findings: Lack of support from distribution channels, lack of traceability mechanism and customer attitudes toward purchasing remanufactured goods are identified as the most critical barriers. Practical implications: The study will benchmark the electronic MSMEs in achieving environmental sustainability in the blockchain-based circular economy. Originality/value: It is a study that not only establishes a hierarchical relationship among the barriers of blockchain adoption in Indian electronic MSMEs but also verifies the results with fuzzy TOPSIS method. 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Blockchain-Based Service Oriented Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing over Distributed Data Streams in Asynchronous Environment
Innovative city applications use information and communication technologies to function various operations efficiently. The widespread use of the Internet of Things (IoT) can be viewed in several applications like smart cars, smart cities, e-commerce, and cyber-physical systems. The huge amount of data produced and transmitted by these systems is handled by cloud-based storage services, which are vulnerable to multiple threats risking the privacy and security features of the application. Cloud storage services employ encryption algorithms to ensure data confidentiality, but it fails to address the privacy issues. Apart from the privacy risks, in these systems, the identity of a user who shares and accesses the data is traceable, as it is required to verify user eligibility before providing access. Also, a vast amount of daily data is stored on a centralized system that processes service requests from multiple users, posing considerable risks to the system's stability during peak periods. To address these challenges faced during the data sharing process in a centralized system, Service Oriented Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing (SOPPDS) platform based on a blockchain framework is proposed. The modified Key Policy-Attribute-based Encryption (MKP-ABE) technique is applied to securely share the data between the service owners and the service consumers. It was evident from the performance evaluation of the proposed SOPPDS platform that the encryption process takes lesser time than the decryption process. Also, the cryptographic operations performed on the prime order sets exhibited increased latency and computational cost. It was observed that comparatively, cryptographic operations performed on composite order sets could overcome the issues in prime order sets. SOPPDS platform works well in preserving the users' privacy, ensuring anonymity in the data sharing process, and maintaining the confidentiality of the data shared in the system. 2023, Ismail Saritas. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain-Enabled Resume Verification: Architectural Innovations for Secure Credential Authentication in the Digital Era
In the contemporary digital landscape, the verification of resume credentials poses a significant challenge, with the integrity of such information being crucial for job seekers and employers alike. This paper presents an avant-garde architectural framework that utilizes blockchain technology to revolutionize the storage, verification, and sharing of resume information, thus ensuring an unparalleled level of security and reliability. Through the implementation of a decentralized ledger that is both immutable and tamper-evident, this innovative architecture facilitates the permanent recording of academic credentials, employment history, and professional accomplishments, thereby enabling immediate and verifiable access for potential employers and educational institutions 2024 IEEE. -
Blockchain-Enabled Smart Contracts in Agriculture: Enhancing Trust and Efficiency
This study explores the important role of blockchain technology in the transformation of agriculture and presents a new way to integrate chatbots and smart contracts to solve the problem of persistence. Leverage the decentralized structure and security of the blockchain to increase traceability, transparency and fairness in agricultural product prices. A user-friendly chatbot built in Python using Tkinter that acts as a bridge between farmers and the Ethereum-based blockchain pricing algorithm. Smart contracts used in Solidity dynamically adjust crop prices based on the weather in real time, making it possible for prices to react and adjust. Simulations and tests in Ganache validate the proposed method, confirming its economic value and effectiveness in many agricultural cultures. This study delves into analytics, including latency and production time, to demonstrate the benefits of the blockchain model in creating transparent, farmer-centric and region-specific crop prices. The importance of this research is to support continuous change in agricultural technology, paving the way for the introduction of appropriate and fair prices. According to the amendment, the integration of advanced machine learning, further integration and collaboration with agricultural stakeholders should be developed in the future. This work sets a good path for agriculture, promoting transparency, fairness and quick access to the best crop prices, thus ensuring security and agricultural technology. 2024 IEEE. -
Blockchain-service quality-service value model to tourism experience
The goal of this study is to determine impact of Blockchain Technology in the Tourism Industry enhancing the Service Value and Service Quality among the players in the industry through BSS (Blockchain Technology-Service Quality-Service Value) model. Design/Methodology/Approach: A structured self-administered 380 questionnaires were designed and circulated to collect the preliminary information from the Tourists, Tour Operators, Travel Agents, and Hoteliers across the metropolitan cities using the Multi-Stage Cluster Sampling method to obtain a sample size of 284. Service Quality, technology, Service Value are the observed constructs to validate the hypothesis through SEM using Smart PLS 4. Findings: It can be observed that the technology addresses the pain points of the various participants operating in the tourism industry through the conceptualized BSS Model. The technology enhances the Service Quality by 80.2 per cent and Service Value by 81.3 per cent in the tourism industry. There is positive and strong relationship between Blockchain technology & Service Quality (0.893), Service value & Service quality (0.897), service value & blockchain technology (0.901). Original Value: The technology promises an instant, safe & advanced engine to the customers for managing bookings, payments, and hotel & property management, leading the clients to enjoy the maximum benefits eliminating the intermediaries and commission fees. It also ensures addressing the key players' pain points more effectively, adding customized service value offering quality service focused on customer satisfaction. 2024 Author(s). -
Blockchain: Opportunities in the healthcare sector and its uses in COVID-19
As the world grapples with the COVID-19 pandemic and major populations are getting vaccinated, increasing realization processes healthcare industry needs to be augmented. It includes managing supply chains, healthcare records, and patient care. With a scarcity of time and resources, adaptation of blockchain technology will help mitigate the pressures on existing infrastructure. A blockchain distributed ledger helps to exchange health information securely without complex intermediation of trust with secure access. The organizations and persons in the blockchain network can verify and authorize the data, thus protecting patient identity, privacy, medical information system, and reducing transaction costs. The chapter examines managing and protecting electronic medical records and personal health records data using blockchain. It also analyses issues in healthcare, blockchain implementation, and its uses in the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors put forward the idea that even after the world is free of the Coronavirus, there will be pressures on the healthcare industry and Blockchain technology is the way to alleviate this pressure. 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Blockchains Transformative Potential in Healthcare
Blockchains transformative potential, its current applications, and the path forward for its integration into the healthcare ecosystem are all explored in the journal Blockchain in Healthcare Today. The healthcare industry is facing significant challenges and opportunities after COVID-19. As we navigate the complexities of increasing healthcare costs and technological updates for better patient outcomes, innovative technologies are emerging as pivotal tools for healthcare transformation. Healthcare digital platforms have witnessed revolutionizing the dynamics of healthcare systems using disruptive technologies. However, while these technologies have garnered extensive attention for their transformative potential, there remains a critical gap in our understanding of the impact of digital technology on the healthcare industry. Population health management has critical challenges in data protection, sharing, and interoperability, where personalized medicines and wearable devices are highlighted as a concern. Patients and medical personnel need a safe and simple way to record, transmit, or access information through networks without concern for their safety. Using blockchain technology can help address these problems. Blockchain technology enhances medical data security by providing a decentralized, immutable ledger that ensures data integrity, transparency, and privacy. It enables fine-grained access control, improves interoperability, and resists cyber-attacks. Streamlining regulatory compliance allows patients and medical personnel to safely record, transmit, and access sensitive information across networks. 2024, Partners in Digital Health. All rights reserved. -
Blocking intrusion logic using optimized multi-head convolution in wireless sensor network
Wireless sensor nodes (WSN) combine sensing and communication capabilities in the smallest sensor network component. Sensor nodes have basic networking capabilities, such as wireless connection with other nodes, data storage, and a microcontroller to do basic processing. The intrusion detection problem is well analyzed and there exist numerous techniques to solve this issue but suffer will poor intrusion detection accuracy and a higher false alarm ratio. To overcome this challenge, a novel Intrusion Detection via Salp Swarm Optimization based Deep Learning Algorithm (ID-SODA) has been proposed which classifies intrusion node and non-intrusion node. The proposed ID-SODA technique uses the k-means clustering algorithm to perform clustering. The Salp Swarm Optimization (SSO) technique takes into residual energy, distance, and cost while choosing the cluster head selection (CHS). The CHS is given the input to a multi-head convolutional neural network (MHCNN), which will classify into intrusion node and non-intrusion node. The performance analysis of the suggested ID-SODA is evaluated based on the parameters like accuracy, precision, F1 score, detection rate, recall, false alarm rate, and false negative rate. The suggested ID-SODA achieves an accuracy range of 98.95%. The result shows that the suggested ID-SODA improves the overall accuracy better than 6.56%, 2.94%, and 2.95% in SMOTE, SLGBM, and GWOSVM-IDS respectively. 2023 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.