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Passive control of four storied reinforced concrete structure subjected to blast loads
In the recent past in major cities all over the world, public structures are vulnerable to blast loads caused by explosions either accidentally or intentionally. The intentional causes are not on hardened military targets but on important civilian structures, like commercial, financial and civic centers. The study of reinforced concrete Ground + 3 Storied structure subjected to blast loads have gained importance, as conventionally the reinforced newlineconcrete structures are not designed for blast loads as many of the loading codes do not mandate for the same and also due to the fact that quantifying the magnitude of the blast load is difficult to estimate. However, the structures are susceptible to damage from the explosion. To protect the life of people and to minimize the damage to the structure, it has become imperative to consider the effect of blast loads too, in addition to newlinethe conventional loads, considered as per the prevailing codes, during the analysis and design of all public buildings. The charge weights of the explosive used on the structure are 8kg, 16 kg and 24kg. The equivalent blast pressure subjected on the structure is determined, to study its corresponding effects for stand-off distances of 3000 mm and 6000mm using surface blast load. The behavior of the structure is newlinestudied by varying the parameters and verified which of these parameters can newlinebe critical to the performance of the structure. The response of the ground floor + 3 upper storied reinforced concrete skeletal structure is studied for understanding the variation of the displacements, strains and stresses for the parameters considered. Using PTC CREO 3.0 the 3D modeling of structure and structural elements were generated. HYPERMESH was used for the discretization (meshing) of structure and its elements. Static analysis and blast load analysis was carried out using ANSYS. -
Passenger flow prediction from AFC data using station memorizing LSTM for metro rail systems
Metro rail systems are increasingly becoming relevant and inevitable in the context of rising demand for sustainable transportation methods. Metros are therefore going to have a consistently expanding user-base and hence user satisfaction will require meticulous planning. Usage forecast is clearly an integral component of metro planning as it enables forward looking and efficient allocation of resources leading to greater commuter satisfaction. An observation from studying the usage of Kochi Metro Rail Ltd. is that there is a consistently occurring temporal pattern in usage for every station. But the patterns differ from station to station. This hinders the search for a global model representing all stations. We propose a way to overcome this by using station memorizing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) which takes in stations in encoded form as input along with usage sequence of stations. This is observed to significantly improve the performance of the model. The proposed architecture with station parameter is compared with algorithms like SVR (support vector regression) and neural network implementation with the best architecture to testify the claim. The proposed model can predict the future flow with an error rate of 0.00127 MSE (mean squared error), which is better than the other models tested. CTU FTS 2021. -
Partner betrayal trauma and trust: Understanding the impact on attachment style and self-esteem
Dismissal of an individual's emotional experience by their significant others can have a massive impact on the psychological well-being of the individual. Betrayal trauma discusses the prevalent social phenomenon and its short- as well as long-term impacts on an individual. This study focused on betrayal trauma in romantic relationships. It aimed to find its relation with an individual's self-esteem and attachment styles, with trust as a mediating variable. The tools used in the study- were the partner betrayal trauma trust scale, adult attachment scale and self-esteem scale, each of which was a self-report measurement scale circulated among young adults in the Indian population. The study consisted of 140 participants (n = 140) with a mean age of 21.7 and a standard deviation (SD) of 2.05. The participants included 85% female, 16% male, 3% of the participants identified as genderfluid, and 2% of the participants preferred not to mention their gender. The results from the study show that betrayal trauma in romantic relationships is related to an individual's attachment style and self-esteem. A positive significant correlation was found between betrayal trauma, self-esteem and attachment style, which reveals the impact of betrayal trauma on the psychological well-being of an individual. These findings may aid mental health practitioners in helping young adults resolve their relationship crises and enhance their lifestyles in India. 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS -
Partition Refugees in Jammu Cry for Protection of Land and Job Rights
Article 370 was presented as an obstacle in the complete integration of Kashmir and it had denied citizenship and land rights to around 1.5 lakh West Pakistan Refugees (all Hindus) since their migration in 1947. However, after the lapse of merely five years of the abrogation, these WPRs, the new citizens of Jammu and Kashmir, have started feeling disillusioned and demanding protection of lands and jobs under Article 371 of the Indian Constitution. 2024 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Partial slip and Joule heating on magnetohydrodynamic radiated flow of nanoliquid with dissipation and convective condition
Numerical investigation of three-dimensional flow of an electrically conducting nanofluid over a bidirectional stretching surface is proposed here. The slip flow over a convectively stretching sheet is considered. The flow is caused due to a non-linear stretching surface and Lorenz force. Water and copper nanoparticles are used to form nanoliquid. Suitable transformations are employed to reduce the conservation equations into nonlinear coupled, multidegree ordinary differential equations. Resultant nonlinear two-point boundary value problem is numerically integrated using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth order method. Computed results are verified with existing results under limiting cases. The influences of pertinent parameters on different flow fields are evaluated and presented via graphical and tabular form. It is found that the thermal radiation and convective heating at boundary stabilizes the thermal boundary layer growth. 2017 The Authors -
Partial load shedding using ant colony algorithm in smart grid environment
Effective power distribution methodology is one of the basic necessities to meet the increasing power demand in any power system. Load shedding is done when power demand is more than power generation, to sustain the power system stability. Load shedding methods followed today shed a particular load completely, neglecting the critical consumers within the system. Controlling the loads at individual utility level in smart grid system enables us to put a maximum power limit on utility. Hence by partially shedding the load, demand can be reduced. The technique used here utilizes ant colony algorithm to choose a maximum power limit for each load dynamically based on the importance and priority of load. This method forces the consumer to manage his load internally based on criticality. It also effectively makes use of availability based tariff schemes. 2015 IEEE. -
Partial domination in prisms of graphs
For any graph G = (V,E) and proportion p ? (0,1], a set S ? V is a p-dominating set if |N|V[S|]| ? p. The p-domination number ?p(G) equals the minimum cardinality of a p-dominating set in G. For a permutation ? of the vertex set of G, the graph ?G is obtained from two disjoint copies G1 and G2 of G by joining each v in G1 to ?(v) in G2. i.e., V (?G) = V (G1) ? V (G2) and E(G) = E(G1) ? E(G2) ? {(v, ?(v)): v ? V (G1), ?(v) ? V (G2)}. The graph ?G is called the prism of G with respect to ?. In this paper, we find some relations between the domination and the p-domination numbers in the context of graph and its prism graph for particular values of p. 2022 Forum-Editrice Universitaria Udinese SRL. All rights reserved. -
Parle Products: The Journey of Budget Brand Toward Premiumization
Parle Products has been one of the foremost pioneers of the biscuit and confectionery industry in India. Since its inception in 1929, Parle has been synonymous with quality, nutrition, taste, and affordability in India. Having more than 40 brands across different product categories in its portfolio, Parle Products has come a long way. Due to the enormous success of brand Parle-G, the mother brand Parle has been associated with values of affordability and quality. Parle has always been a strong player in the value segment and thus customers associate all brands of the company as being the affordable brand with quality. While the industry peers such as Britannia and Indian Tobacco Company (ITC) have positioned themselves as a champion of premium segments, Parle Products is still known as an affordable or budget brand among Indian masses. Considering the increasing demand for premium biscuits among the new generation of consumers, Parle Products has introduced the new division Parle Platina in 2017. But the transformation of value or budget brand into the luxury and premium brands is not easy, as the legacy of value brand among the masses is not easy to shake off. This becomes more difficult and challenging in a highly fragmented, competitive, and price-sensitive biscuit market like India. Another problem for the Parle Products is to hit the sweet spot between the mass market and the premium demographic which the brand is currently missing out in a highly fragmented and competitive Indian biscuit market. 2020 K. J. Somaiya Institute of Management. -
Parkinsons Disease Progression Prediction using Advanced Machine Learning Techniques
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that affects people over time and significantly lowers their quality of life. Patients with PD experience both motor and non-motor symptoms. Through clinical evaluation, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) is used to quantify the severity of Parkinson's disease. No definitive diagnostic tests for PD currently exist. Emerging machine learning techniques show potential to forecast future UPDRS scores for making informed medical decisions and enable better disease management. This paper studies research leveraging proteomic data to forecast PD prognosis, focusing on advanced machine learning techniques like CatBoost Regressor, ElasticNet, XGBoost Regressor, RandomForest Regressor, ExtraTrees Regressor and DecisionTree Regressor. 2024 IEEE. -
Parkinson's Disease Progression Prediction Using Longitudinal Imaging Data and Grey Wolf Optimizer-Based Feature Selection
This work uses longitudinal imaging data and a feature selection method based on the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) to create a novel method for forecasting the course of Parkinson's disease.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) longitudinal imaging data offer important insights into the structural and functional changes in the brain over time. However, because of its great dimensionality, analysing this complicated data might be difficult. We suggest using the GWO-based feature selection method to identify the most informative imaging features related to illness development in order to solve this problem.The Grey Wolf Optimizer is an algorithm that draws inspiration from nature and imitates the way that grey wolves hunt. By effectively locating an ideal subset of features that maximise classification or regression performance, it has demonstrated promising results in feature selection challenges. GWO will be used in our investigation to choose the most pertinent imaging features from the longitudinal data, lowering dimensionality and improving the model's ability to predict outcomes.Using machine learning strategies, we will build a predictive model that includes the chosen features and longitudinal imaging data. We hope to equip clinicians with a tool to forecast the course of each patient's Parkinson's disease by utilising this model. By assisting in early diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease progression monitoring, this predictive skill can ultimately improve the overall management of Parkinson's disease and the quality of life for those who are affected. Our method has great promise for expanding the fields of neurodegenerative disease prediction and personalised therapy because it integrates longitudinal imaging data and the Grey Wolf Optimizer-based feature selection method in a novel way. 2024, Ismail Saritas. All rights reserved. -
Parity labeling in Signed Graphs
Let S = (G; ?) be a signed graph where G = (V;E) is a graph called the underlying graph of S and ?: E(G) ? {+; -}. Let f: V(G) ? {1, 2, ..., |V(G)|} such that ?(uv) = + if f(u) and f(v) are of same parity and ?(uv) = - if f(u) and f(v) are of opposite parity. The bijection f induces a signed graph Gf denoted as S, which is a parity signed graph. In this paper, we initiate the study of parity labeling in signed graphs. We define and find `rna' number denoted as ?-(S) for some classes of signed graphs. We also characterize some signed graphs which are parity signed graphs. Some directions for further research are also suggested. 2021, Journal of Prime Research in Mathematics. All rights reserved. -
Parentification, Emotional Security and Attachment in Adolescents of Parents with Alcoholism
Parentification is a process of children taking on the roles and responsibilities to cater to the well-being of the family (Jurkovic, 1997). The child internalizes this role to the extent that the functions that are carried out become sole identity of the individual. When responsibilities are taken away from the child, leaving the child with a vacuum, when the parent resumes the position or caretaking. To prevent this, children tends to lock themselves in a power struggle battle with the parent. The child invariably struggles to make sense of the situation, having had to grow up too soon only to discover that he/she is caught in the midst of situation where the only role familiar is that of parentification. The present study looks at the occurrence of parentification in children of parents with alcoholism. It observes the emotional security in the family between the parent-child dyad and the attachment patterns in the family system. Following the qualitative research method, data was collected using in-depth interview. Seven participants and three professional helpers were interviewed. The raw data was analysed using Thematic Analysis. The shift in authority and power from the parent to the child and the struggle to retain this power due to lack of trust is seen. It also discovers the emotional security that the child holds for the family in ways of protecting and safeguarding the family members from being harmed emotionally and physically. It revels the remoteness of the children towards the family system, looking for guidance outside the family system and seeking support from friends and relative. The implications of this study is for family therapists, rehabilitation counsellors, school guidance counsellors and parents. Understanding this phenomena can also help rehabilitation counsellors explain to the child and help make positive meaning of the events occurring in her family with the alcoholic parent. Awareness of the effects of parentification on the childs emotional, cognitive and social development. Keywords: Parentification, role-reversal, emotional parentification, instrumental parentification, protection and attachment. -
Parental socialization of positive affect, adolescent positive affect regulation, and adolescent girls depression in India
An emerging body of research shows that parental socialization of positive affect (PA) is implicated in youth functioning, although most evidence comes from Western countries. In this study, focusing on adolescent girls in India, we examined associations among reports of parents responses to adolescent PA, adolescent PA regulation, and adolescent depression. A total of 238 adolescent girls (1318years) and one of their parents (54% mothers) were recruited. Participants completed questionnaires at the beginning of the school year (time 1) and five months later (time 2). At the bivariate level, parents dampening and adolescent girls dampening responses were each associated concurrently with adolescent depression at time 1. However, there were no significant direct associations between time 1 parents dampening or enhancing responses and time 2 adolescent girls depression (after controlling for time 1 depression). Using half-longitudinal models, a significant indirect effect was found from parental dampening of PA to increased adolescent depression via adolescent girls own increased dampening. No indirect effect was found from parental enhancing to adolescent depression via adolescent girls increased positive rumination. These findings are the first to demonstrate the relevance of PA socialization for girls in a non-Western culture. 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd -
Parental Psychological Distress of Missed Diagnosis of Down Syndrome at Antenatal Screening: A Rare, but Still Real Occurrence-A Case Report and Review of Literature
Introduction: Prenatal screening programs are important components for pregnant women care and are often linked with grief and shock based on gestational age or the diagnosis. Lower/no sensitivity is also associated with these screening programs leading to providing false-negative outputs. Case Presentation: Present work shows a case of missed antenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome and its persistant medical and psychological impact on the family members. We have also discussed the relevant economic and medical-legal issues related to the context and aimed to maintain an adequate awareness among healthcare to discuss properly these investigations (difference between screening and diagnostic testing), their possible outcome (chances of false results) and enabled the pregnant women/couple to take informed decision on early pregnancy. Conclusion: These programs are considered as routine clinical practice in many countries from last few years and are necessary to assess the pros and cons of these programs. One of the prime cons involves the likeliness of obtaining a false-negative result due to lack of 100% sensitivity and specificity. 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel. -
Parental Perspectives on Stress and Challenges in Raising Autistic Children: A Meta-Synthesis
Raising autistic children can be challenging, and the current meta-synthesis explores the stress and challenges the parents encounter across life domains. Database searches (JSTOR, ProQuest, EBSCO, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar) were done using the SPIDER method, and 463 articles published between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed. The meta-synthesis adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and included 28 eligible studies centered on stress in parents of children up to the age of 12 years diagnosed with autism. This comprehensive analysis encompassed a collective participant pool of n-505 individuals. Eight stressors were derived using the line of argument synthesis method, which include parental stress due to emotional impact, diagnosis process, social stigma, financial aspects, work-life balance, lack of resources and social support, marital life, and academic setting. Multiple stressors exert a combined effect of individual and systemic factors across domains of life, leading to parental stress. Interventions must be designed considering the complex nature of the parental stress and its interaction with the environment. Psycho-education for awareness and empowerment contribute to parental well-being. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature India Private Limited 2024. -
Parental Perception of the Effectiveness of Online Classes for Primary School Children: A Mixed-Methods Approach
The unprecedented measures to control the spread of COVID-19 have affected both students and parents as education institutions have almost overnight shifted to virtual platforms. This study explores the effectiveness of online classes on primary school children s performance and investigates online classes impact on children s behaviour and holistic development. It explores the impact of online classes on parents workload by adopting a sequential research method. The data were collected using Google form and telephonic interviews with randomly selected parent respondents. Results exhibit that online classes are ineffective, and there is an indicative change in children s behaviour. Also, the lack of social interaction with peers and teachers, and minimal physical activities, have made online sessions monotonous for children. Parents have been experiencing an increased workload, as they are expected to be mentors, curators, and personal tutors for their children. The study emphasizes a need for exclusive curriculum and pedagogy development suitable for online classes. Copyright 2022, IGI Global. -
Parental Involvement in School Counseling Services: Challenges and Experience of Counselor
School counselors include parents as informants in school counseling for various reasons like for consultation and clients intervention which could lead to a different experience. The objective of the present study was to explore the challenges faced by school counselors when involving parents in the school counseling process and the ways they handle the challenges. The participants consisted of seven school counselors, with whom in-depth interviews were conducted. The subjective experiences of the school counselors were objectively interpreted by the researcher using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The research results were categorized into master and subordinate themes using double hermeneutics. The results revealed that although school counselors have their own individual perceptions of challenges and methods of handling parental inclusion in the school counseling context, there still exist similarities in their methods of handling. The study highlights school counselors beliefs about parents perceptions and expectations of counseling as well as parents reaction toward their childs problem as a challenge. The findings throw light on the need for stronger evidence-based practices and policies for school counseling programs. Training and competence-building programs for school counselors would improve the service delivery. 2018, National Academy of Psychology (NAOP) India. -
Parental Expectations and Fear of Negative Evaluation Among Indian Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Perfectionism
Background: Contrary to traditional notions of emerging adulthood as a period free from parental pressures, the prolonged transition to adulthood in contemporary society implies that parental influence remains a significant factor in the lives of emerging adults. This presents a potential challenge to emerging adults, as navigating independence while managing parental expectations can result in adverse psychological outcomes. The present study examined the relationship between perceived parental expectations and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and the mediating role of maladaptive perfectionism. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 466 emerging adults from India between 18 and 25 years old. They responded to the Perception of Parental Expectations Inventory, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism-Brief Scale, and the Brief Fear of Negative EvaluationStraightforward Items Scale. Results: Correlation analyses revealed significant, positive associations between perceived parental expectations, maladaptive perfectionism, and FNE. Findings from regression analyses indicated that increased perceptions of parental expectations and maladaptive perfectionism predicted increased levels of FNE. The relationship between perceived parental expectations and FNE was fully mediated by maladaptive perfectionism. Conclusion: A key reason for heightened perceptions of parental expectations associated with increased FNE is that emerging adults tend to adopt unrealistic perfectionistic standards. Maladaptive perfectionism represents a vital intervention target for individuals who perceive elevated parental expectations and are at risk for FNE, offering promising avenues for promoting well-being in emerging adults. 2024 The Author(s). -
Parental beliefs about positive affect and parental depressive symptoms predicting parents' positive emotion socialisation in India
Emerging literature examines implications of parental socialisation of positive affect (PA) for children's socio-emotional functioning, though little is known about predictors of parental PA socialisation behaviours in diverse families around the world. Based on the literature that suggests that parental cognitions (Okagaki & Bingham, 2005) and their own mood state contribute to their parenting (Dix & Meunier, 2009), we examined two parent-related factors (parental beliefs regarding PA and depressive symptoms) as predictors of parental responses to their adolescents' PA in an urban middle-class sample of mothers and fathers from India (N = 267; 40.4% mothers). Parents completed measures of their PA-related beliefs, depressive symptomatology, and their responses to adolescents' PA at two-time points, 5 months apart. Parental PA-related beliefs showed low stability and depressive symptoms showed moderate stability across time. There were concurrent bivariate associations between parental PA-related beliefs and their socialisation behaviours, though these relations did not hold in multivariate path analyses across time. Parental depressive symptoms at T1 inversely predicted family savouring at T2 and positively predicted dampening at T2. These findings provide the first line of evidence indicating that parental cognitions and their own mood contribute to their emotion-related parenting behaviours in India. 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Union of Psychological Science. -
Parental Attention of Full-time Dual Earning Couples and Its Impact on Children
As dual-earner families became the normative household type over the 21st century, the question of how families cope with and negotiate new work and family role responsibilities became the topic of much research and scholarly debate. Both parents working are inevitable in the current scenario. The purpose of this study is to understand the magnitude and quality of the parental attention of full-time dual earning couples and its relation to different chosen variables such as Recreation, Health, Socialization and Self-esteem, Moral development and Academic performance of their children. Data was collected from 50 respondents of full-time dual earning couples from various professionals in urban Bangalore region by administering a self-designed structured questionnaire. It has been found that most of the parents spent their valuable time with their children as they understood that would enhance physical, behavioural, personal and academic development of the children. The null findings in the present study indicate that the life style of full-time dual earning couples does not affect the normal development of their children, rather children are accustomed to parent work timings and are able to adapt to the changes in their parents work and responsibility.