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Leadership Style and Work Engagement: A Comparison of Private and Public Sector Firms in India
Post-privatization, public sector organizations were encouraged to borrow and learn from private sector firms. The popular belief was that the human resource practices followed by private sector organizations were far superior and more effective than those of the public sector organizations. However, this claim lacks empirical proof. This study adds to this body of knowledge by comparing the level of work engagement in private and public sector firms of India. Given that the leadership is crucial in setting the tone of an organization, the study also analyses the dominant leadership styles and their relationship to the levels of work engagement. The study is descriptive in nature and utilizes a structured questionnaire to collect data. Individuals currently employed in Indian public and private sector firms, in managerial roles, were invited to record their responses. The final sample consisted of 240 employees, with equal representation from both sectors. The collected data was then analysed using SPSS. The findings suggested that the dominant leadership styles were not significantly different in public and private sector organizations. Private sector employees were found to be more engaged and the leadership style appeared to be significantly related to the levels of engagement in public sector firms only. 2021 MDI. -
Leadership quality analyzing device in employees /
Patent Number: 356428-001, Applicant: Dr.Nishi Tyagi. -
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Leadership management strategies and organisational practices with respect to the hotel sector of rainbow tourism group limited
This was a research exercise which sought to explore leadership management strategies and organisational practices taking place in the hotel sector of Rainbow Tourism Group Limited (RTGL). RTGL is one of Zimbabwe s biggest hotel and tourism sector. The hotel portfolio are comprised of Rainbow Towers and Conference Centre, Bulawayo Rainbow, Victoria Falls Rainbow, Kadoma Rainbow and Conference Centre, A Zambezi River Lodge and Ambassador Hotel. The six hotels have a combined total of 886 rooms, with the largest number of 304 rooms being in the five star hotel, Rainbow Towers and Conference Centre and while the rest in the three star group hotels. Other operations outside Zimbabwe are Hotel Edinburg, the Savoy Hotel and a hotel in Mozambique. The problem statement of the research study was to examine the role of organisational culture in shaping the leadership strategies in hotel and catering sector, organizational leadership and their effectiveness in helping to achieve organizational objectives. The following was newlinethe set of objectives that the research sought to achieve. Firstly, the research sought to determine and analyze the different types of leadership strategies adapted by the hotel sector of Rainbow Tourism Group Limited in the hotel sector a Case Study. The second newlineobjective was to determine the environment forces affecting the acceptance and newlineassimilation of the mentioned strategies. Thirdly the research sought to ascertain the newlineefficacy of mentioned strategies in attaining these organisational strategies in the hotel newlinesector of RTGL. The fourth objective was to suggest if any alternate strategies will be newlinerequired to enhance leadership effectiveness in Hotel Sector of the RTGL. Finally the newlineresearch sought to develop a Leadership Model that can be used in the hotel industry. -
Lead-free inorganic metal perovskites beyond photovoltaics: Photon, charged particles and neutron shielding applications
Over the last few years, lead-free inorganic metal perovskites have gained impressive ground in empowering satellites in space exploration owing to their material stability and performance evolution under extreme space environments. The present work has examined the versatility of eight such perovskites as space radiation shielding materials by computing their photon, charged particles and neutron interaction parameters. Photon interaction parameters were calculated for a wide energy range using PAGEX software. The ranges of heavy charged particles (H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si and Fe ions) in these perovskites were estimated using SRIM software in the energy range 1 keV10 GeV, and that of electrons was computed using ESTAR NIST software in the energy range 0.01 MeV1 GeV. Further, the macroscopic fast neutron removal cross-sections were also calculated to estimate the neutron shielding efficiencies. The examined shielding parameters of the perovskites varied depending on the radiation type and energy. Among the selected perovskites, Cs2TiI6 and Ba2AgIO6 displayed superior photon attenuation properties. A 3.5 cm thick Ba2AgIO6-based shield could reduce the incident radiation intensity to half its initial value, a thickness even lesser than that of Pb-glass. Besides, CsSnBr3 and La0.8Ca0.2Ni0.5Ti0.5O3 displayed the highest and lowest range values, respectively, for all heavy charged particles. Ba2AgIO6 showed electron stopping power (on par with Kovar) better than that of other examined materials. Interestingly, La0.8Ca0.2Ni0.5Ti0.5O3 demonstrated neutron removal cross-section values greater than that of standard neutron shielding materials - aluminium and polyethylene. On the whole, the present study not only demonstrates the employment prospects of eco-friendly perovskites for shielding space radiations but also suggests future prospects for research in this direction. 2022 Korean Nuclear Society -
Leaching of minerals in subbituminous Indian coal and characterisation of the products by SEM
Coal is chemically and physically a complex and heterogeneous material, consisting of organic and inorganic mineral constituents. Presence of minerals in excess will pollute water, air and soil. Concerted efforts are needed to reduce 'ash forming' inorganic elements and to develop clean methods of using coal. This paper reports the demineralization of sub bituminous coal with EDTA, HCl, HF, chloroform and acid mixture. The residual coal from each treatment was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Ultimate analysis. All the micrographs were bright field and revealed several features corresponding to the mineral grains. It comprised of lithophiles like aluminium, silicates and calcium. The absences of some morphological features correspond to inorganic elements in residual coal samples confirming 'demineralization'. This result was further confirmed with the CHNS analysis. It was evident from the results that amongst the leachants used, Hydrofluoric acid and acid mixture had significant effect in removing the mineral matter, sulphur and oxygenated functional groups. Global Science Publications. -
LCLC Based AC-DC Single-Stage Resonant Converter with Natural Power Factor Correction
LLC-based AC-DC resonant converters make excellent EV chargers because of their high efficiency, high power density, and soft switching properties. Efficiency is increased and the need for a larger series inductor is lowered by connecting a capacitor across the magnetising inductance of the LLC resonant architecture (LCLC configuration). Switching frequency control is commonly used to regulate the converter's output DC voltage. However, there is a significant relationship between the converter's power factor and switching frequency. As a result, any changes in load may result in a lower power factor for the converter. This paper suggests a single-stage topology based on the LCLC resonant structure. The LCLC resonant configuration ensures zero voltage switching (ZVS) of the IGBTs used in the converter. Converters have a power factor correction (PFC) stage on the front of the converter to achieve natural power factor correction. Since the PFC stage and the resonant stage are controlled by the same switches, the converter is smaller and less expensive. A bridgeless rectification method is applied in the proposed topology to reduce the number of switching devices. MATLAB/Simulink simulations are used to validate the topology. 2023 IEEE. -
LBP-GLZM Based Hybrid Model for Classification of Breast Cancer
Classifying mammogram images is difficult because of their complex backgrounds and the differences in resolutions across the images. One of the toughest parts is telling the difference between harmless (benign) and harmful (malignant) tissue. This is hard because the differences between them are incredibly subtle. As a consequence, the distinctive features embedded within tissue patches become not just relevant but critical for the accurate and automatic classification of these images. Traditionally, efforts to automate this classification process have encountered limitations when relying on a singular feature or a restricted set of characteristics. The subtle variations in texture within these images often render such approaches insufficient in achieving high-quality categorization results. Recognizing this, the present investigation undertakes a more comprehensive approach by incorporating distinct feature extraction techniques - specifically, the utilization of Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Gray Level Zone Matrix (GLZM). These techniques are adept at capturing and delineating the nuanced texture features inherent in mammogram images. By extracting and analyzing these textural nuances, the aim is to construct a hybrid model capable of classifying mammograms into three distinct categories: malignant, benign, and without the necessity for further examination or follow-up. This proposed hybrid model holds significant promise in the field of mammography classification by leveraging the strengths and complementary attributes of multiple feature extraction methods. The integration of LBP and GLZM aims not only to enhance the accuracy of classification but also to improve the robustness of the system in identifying subtle yet crucial differences in tissue textures. Ultimately, the goal is to create a hybrid feature extraction framework that augments the diagnostic capabilities of mammography, providing more precise and reliable categorization of breast tissue for effective medical decision-making and patient care. 2024 IEEE. -
Launch power determination algorithm for dynamic traffic provisioning in mixed-line-rate optical wavelength division multiplexed networks /
International Journal Of Internet Protocol Technology, Vol.9, Issue 1, pp.23-33, ISSN No: 1743-8209. -
Launch power determination algorithm for dynamic traffic provisioning in mixed-line-rate optical wavelength division multiplexed networks
In transparent mixed-line-rate (MLR) optical networks, different line rates, on different wavelengths, can coexist on the same fibre. However, along the path, signal experiences various physical layer impairments (PLIs), and its quality also degrades. A major factor that affects transmission quality is launch power of the optical signal. On one hand, power must be high enough to ensure less noise at receiver; on the other hand, it must be lower than the limit where PLIs start to distort the signal. Further, high launch power is disruptive to both, the actual lightpath and its neighbours. In this study, we investigate the problem of determining appropriate launch power for provisioning dynamic connection requests in transparent MLR networks. We propose a heuristic that determines the appropriate launch power of a lightpath. The PLI-average (PLI-A) approach is based on the optical reach of signals, is practical, and can adapt to the needs of network operators. Results show that performances of the proposed approach are better than the existing schemes. Copyright 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Lattice thermal conduction in suspended molybdenum disulfide monolayers with defects
In this study, we investigated the effect of lattice defects comprising vacancies and boundaries on the lattice thermal conductivity (LTC), ? p , of suspended molybdenum disulfide monolayers (MLs) over a wide temperature range (1 < T < 500 K). Using the phonon Boltzmann formalism, the acoustic phonons were considered to be scattered by the sample and grain boundaries, isotopic impurities, vacancies, and other phonons via Umklapp and normal (N-) processes. ? p was evaluated using a modified Callaway model by considering the in-plane longitudinal acoustic and transverse acoustic phonons, and out-of-plane flexural acoustic phonon modes. We demonstrated the need to include the often neglected non-resistive N-processes when evaluating the LTC. Numerical calculations of the temperature dependence of the LTC for crystalline and polycrystalline MoS 2 MLs showed the dominance of sample-dependent scattering mechanisms at low temperatures (T < 100 K) and of phonon-phonon scattering at higher temperatures, where the N-processes played an important role. The effects of vacancies and boundaries were to alter the behavior and suppress the magnitude of the LTC. The suppression due to vacancies was greater in crystalline MLs with specular surfaces and in polycrystalline MLs with larger grain sizes. The calculations compared well with recent thermal conductivity data obtained for polycrystalline samples. The need for further investigations is suggested. 2018 Elsevier Ltd -
Lattice thermal conduction in cadmium arsenide
Lattice thermal conductivity (LTC) of cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2) is studied over a wide temperature range (1-400 K) by employing the Callaway model. The acoustic phonons are considered to be the major carriers of heat and to be scattered by the sample boundaries, disorder, impurities, and other phonons via both Umklapp and normal phonon processes. Numerical calculations of LTC of Cd3As2 bring out the relative importance of the scattering mechanisms. Our systematic analysis of recent experimental data on thermal conductivity (TC) of Cd3As2 samples of different groups, presented in terms of LTC, ? L, using a nonlinear regression method, reveals good fits to the TC data of the samples considered for T < ? 50 K, and suggests a value of 0.2 for the Gruneisen parameter. It is, however, found that for T > 100 K the inclusion of the electronic component of TC, ? e, incorporating contributions from relevant electron scattering mechanisms, is needed to obtain good agreement with the TC data over the wide temperature range. More detailed investigations of TC of Cd3As2 are required to better understand its suitability in thermoelectric and thermal management devices. 2022 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Lateral Load Behavior of Unreinforced Masonry Spandrels
Spandrels, are usually classified as secondary elements and even though their behaviour has not received adequate focus unlike piers, they significantly affect the seismic capacity of the structure. Masonry spandrels are often damaged and the first structural components that crack within Unreinforced Masonry structures. Despite this, existing analytical methods typically consider a limit case in which the strength of spandrels is either neglected, considered to be infinitely rigid and strong or treated as rotated piers. It is clearly evident that such an assumption is not plausible. Hence, reliable predictive strength models are required. This thesis attempts to re-examine the flexural behaviour of spandrels and proposes an analytical model. The model is based on the interlocking phenomena of the joints at the end-sections of the spandrel and the contiguous masonry. The proposed analytical model is incorporated within a simplified approach to account for the influence of spandrel response on global capacity estimate of URM buildings. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Laser Scribing Turns Plastic Waste into a Biosensor via the Restructuration of Nanocarbon Composites for Noninvasive Dopamine Detection
The development of affordable and compact noninvasive point-of-care (POC) dopamine biosensors for the next generation is currently a major and challenging problem. In this context, a highly sensitive, selective, and low-cost sensing probe is developed by a simple one-step laser-scribing process of plastic waste. A flexible POC device is developed as a prototype and shows a highly specific response to dopamine in the real sample (urine) as low as 100 pmol/L in a broad linear range of 10?1010?4 mol/L. The 3D topological feature, carrier kinetics, and surface chemistry are found to improve with the formation of high-density metal-embedded graphene-foam composite driven by laser irradiation on the plastic-waste surface. The development of various kinds of flexible and tunable biosensors by plastic waste is now possible thanks to the success of this simple, but effective, laser-scribing technique, which is capable of modifying the matrixs electronic and chemical composition. 2023 by the authors. -
Large Scale Transportation Data Analysis and Distributed Computational Pipeline for Optimal Metro Passenger Flow Prediction
Transportation has a signifcant impact on controlling traffc around a busy city. Among the transport system, metro rails became the backbone by operating above the traffc. For this reason, we have to take special consideration of the passenger and#64258;ow in the transport system and, by understanding the needs, take timely actions for smooth running. Every metro system stores information about the and#64258;ow of passengers in the form of transactions known as Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) data. For this research, AFC data is taken as the primary newlinesource of information to identify the passenger and#64258;ow within the metro rail platform. Each metro system generates massive data throughout its running period and stores data within the system and considering the size of data generated, the analytic platform has to process them in a distributed paradigm to handle quotBig Dataquot. Artifcial Intelligence (AI) algorithms can derives information, insights, and patterns from this data. The patterns in time series can be identifed from the passenger and#64258;ow data using exploratory analysis. The step is an essential step in data science for understanding the underlying properties of the raw data. The research uses a data platform with a distributed computing and storage mechanism called the JP-DAP. The research leverages the above mentioned platform to extract passenger and#64258;ow data from AFC Ticketing data. After the data engineering, the results of passenger and#64258;ow information underwent further visualization and trend analysis. Based on the facts or patterns identifed from the passenger and#64258;ow information, a decision is taken for forecasting. The initial study will reveal the characteristics of metro usage and practices within the system and fnally derive a solution with machine learning-based forecasting method. The passenger and#64258;ow newlineforecasts based on the above patterns depend on factors like seasonality, trends, cyclicity, location, events, and random effects. -
Large scale extinction maps with UVIT
The Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) is scheduled to be launched as a part of the ASTROSAT satellite. As part of the mission planning for the instrument we have studied the efficacy of UVIT observations for interstellar extinction measurements. We find that in the best case scenario, the UVIT can measure the reddening to an accuracy of about 0. 02 magnitudes, which combined with the derived distances to the stars, will enable us to model the three-dimensional distribution of extinction in our Galaxy. The knowledge of the distribution of the ISM will then be used to study distant objects, affected by it. This work points the way to further refining the UVIT mission plan to best satisfy different science studies. 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. -
Large scale extinction maps with UVIT
Astrophysics and Space Science Vol.343, No.2 ISSN No. 0004-640X -
Large power factors in wide band gap semiconducting rFeO3 materials for high-temperature thermoelectric applications
While most of the thermoelectric materials work well only at low and mid temperatures, high-temperature thermoelectric materials (T > 900 K) are equally important for the operation of deep-spacecraft missions, nuclear reactors, and high-temperature industrial reactors. To accomplish this demand, this work provides insights into wide band gap semiconducting RFeO3 (rare-earth orthoferrites) for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. Using the first-principles density functional theory calculations, we have demonstrated the coexistence of extremely flat and corrugated flat bands near the Fermi region in a wide band gap material. The presence of such features enhances and sustains the thermopower, electrical conductivity, and power factor, which are the crucial factors for the efficiency of thermoelectric materials. Semiclassical Boltzmann formalism was then employed to study the transport properties of four orthorhombic RFeO3 materials (R = Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd). Our results reveal high Seebeck coefficients (thermopower) along with the large electrical conductivities over the high hole doping carrier concentration and in the high-temperature region (T > 900 K). Furthermore, significantly large power factors are obtained with very low theoretical minimum lattice thermal conductivity in the range 1.41?1.51 W m?1 K?1. These huge power factors directly suggest the maximum power output in RFeO3, which we believe is a more appropriate performance index than the figure of merit, especially for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. We also emphasize that the outcomes of our work would be certainly useful for experimentalists in designing high-temperature thermoelectric materials. 2020 American Chemical Society -
LANGUAGE CONTACT AND CHANGE: AN ANALYSIS OF HERITAGE KONKANI IN KERALA; [CONTACTE LINGSTIC I CANVI: UNA ANISI DEL PATRIMONI KONKANI A KERALA]; [CONTACTO LINGSTICO Y CAMBIO: UN ANISIS DEL PATRIMONIO KONKANI EN KERALA]
This paper analyses the extent of language contact induced change in the sound system of heritage Konkani community of Kerala, India. Heritage Konkanis, belonging to different castes namely Gowda Saraswat Brahmins (GSB), Saraswat non-brahmins, Konkan Sonars, Vaishya Vaniyar and Kudumbi, started migrating to Kerala in the late 13th century. The upper caste GSBs remained as a closed community until 20th century, which helped in the maintenance of their language. Linguistic data for the study was collected from 20 GSB youths of the age group 18-35 using Snowball sampling method. The analysis of the data shows loss of features such as aspiration and nasalization, which are inherent to Konkani. This indicates the vulnerable linguistic situation of the GSB community whose mother tongue exhibits linguistic variations, as a result of prolonged coexistence with the majority language, Malayalam. 2024 University of Barcelona. All rights reserved. -
Language and identity formations of second-generation migrants in Deepak Unnikrishnan's temporary people
Decades of migration to the Gulf nations have led to the existence of second-generation migrants who were born and raised in migrant lands. The chapter uses the novel Temporary People (2017) by Deepak Unnikrishnan as a primary text to explore the role language plays in second-generation migrant identity formations and the assimilation process. The national language, Arabic, is situated in the specific socio-political context, a site where ideologies and power relations are reproduced. By identifying a gap in the language education policy, it reveals how migrant's inability to communicate in the Arabic language has complex implications on their identities and notions of belongingness. The chapter explores language's power to naturalize norms and hierarchical structures within society that can hinder the assimilation process and highlights the migrant-citizen divide. It shows how notions of temporariness and Othering in migrants are inherent within the language politics of the land. The chapter reaffirms language-identity relations and points to revaluating migrant language policies. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.