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Inverse Hilbert Fractal-Metamaterial Rings for Microstrip Antennas and Wideband Applications
A Novel Metamaterial (MTM) property is obtained using a fractal pattern known as Inverse Hilbert. The Mu-negative(MNG) characteristics have been recovered by adopting NRW method. This MTM characteristic is studied for 2.45 GHz using FR4 epoxy as substrate. The dimension of the substrate is 30mm36mm 1.6mm. This fractal metamaterial structure can be amalgamated with an optimized Microstrip antenna (MSA) for improvement in antenna parameters and can be used for RF energy harvesting. 2022 IEEE. -
Inverse domination number of graphs /
Konigsberg (55.2 o North latitude and 22 o East longitude) was a city in Russia situated on the Pregel River,which served as the residence of the dukes of Prussia in the 16th century. Today,the city named Kaliningrad,is in Lithuania which recently separated from U.S.S.R.It serves as a major industrial and commercial centre of western Russia.The river Pregel flowed through the town,dividing it into four regions,as in the following picture.In the eighteenth century, seven bridges connected the four regions.The problem was to start from anyone of the land areas,walk across each bridge exactly once and return to the starting point.This problem was first solved in 1736 by the prolific Swiss Mathematician Leonhard Euler, who, as a consequence of his solution invented the branch of Mathematics now known as Graph Theory. -
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Inventory model for the growing items with price dependent demand, mortality and deterioration
Growing items like livestock, chicks, etc. gain weight in the growing phase but some of them are lost due to mortality. In the selling phase, some inventory is lost due to deterioration. Such aspects make procurement decisions quite difficult for these items. In the light of such aspects, we developed an inventory model for the growing items with price dependent demand, mortality and deterioration. Shortages are partially backlogged. Our aim is to optimise the total cost by determining the optimal ordered quantity and total cycle length. Convexity of the cost function with respect to the decision variables has been discussed analytically. Solution procedure along with numerical example at different percentage of backlogged quantity is provided to show the applicability and validity of our model. Sensitivity analysis shows that total cycle length is the most sensitive among all the decision variables and parameters. Copyright 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Inventory model for deteriorating items with ramp type demand under permissible delay in payment
Permissible delay in payment is a common method of payment often used by the suppliers and it generally leads to higher sales and ultimately higher revenue. This method is significant in the case of deteriorating products. In this paper, an inventory model for the deteriorating items with price and time-dependent ramp type demand is presented with shortages allowed and partially backlogged. The solution procedure is illustrated by numerical examples. The concavity of the profit function with respect to the decision variable is discussed analytically. Numerical analysis shows that the profit per unit time increases with the delay payment facility. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Invariant Submanifolds of (?)-Sasakian Manifolds
In this paper, we consider invariant submanifolds of an (?)-Sasakian manifolds. We show that if the second fundamental form of an invariant submanifold of a (?)-Sasakian manifold is recurrent then the submanifold is totally geodesic. We also prove that, invariant submanifolds of an Einstein (?)-Sasakian manifolds satisfying the conditions (Formula presented) (X, Y) ? = 0 and (Formula presented)(X, Y) (Formula presented)? = 0 with ?r ? n(n 1) are also totally geodesic. 2020. All Rights Reserved. -
Introduction. Inclusive business approaches in tourism: Stakeholder engagement
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Introduction: Tourism at a crossroads
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Introduction: Sexuality and sexualities
Introduction The most significant recent development, a break with the past, in the study of sexual cultures has to do with the term culture itself: that we think of sexuality (and sexualities) as having cultures. Historically, both in academic and popular thinking, the term sexuality most frequently elicited responses that have to do with biology. That is, whether as an area of study or as a set of ideas people have about their intimate lives, sexuality was too easily detached from the social contexts where it belongs and presented as something of itself. There is a strong tendency to view our sexual lives as dictated by their own peculiar rules that (a) are biologically derived, (b) have been historically stable (that is, the same since the dawn of time), (c) are essentially about our private lives, and (d) are basically the same across different cultures. Ironically, while, on the one hand, we think of sexuality as a world-untoitself - such that it is regarded as a very narrowly confined domain that has nothing to do with, say, politics and economics, we also simultaneously think of it as something of very general significance that is absolutely fundamental to our being. We tend to both downplay its meanings as well as inflate its significance. So, for example, if one is a bad cook, its a minor blemish, but being bad at sex is seen as a major crisis which requires intervention (through seeking the help of sexologists, for example). The sexuality-as-a-drive perspective which was, most famously, both problematized but also institutionalized by Sigmund Freud presents itself in the Indian context in peculiarly Indian ways. It was, for example, at the heart of many of the arguments that were made - and continue to be made - about the difference between Hindus and Muslims, those between tribal and ?ontribal populations, and between the middle-class and poorer populations. So, with respect to the last point, the rise of sexology and the family planning movements are directly linked to the early-twentieth-century perception of the different sexual drives that supposedly characterized the educated and the uneducated (Ahluwalia 2013; Srivastava 2007). Sexology was intended to cater to the more evolved sexual desires of the middle classes, whereas family planning was directed towards controlling the uncontrollable drives of the poor, one that threatened nation-building. Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla 2020. -
Introduction, scope and significance of fermentation technology
Fermentation technology is a field which involves the use of microorganisms and enzymes for production of compounds that have applications in the energy, material, pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. Though fermentation processes have been used for generations as a requirement for sustainable production of materials and energy, today it has become more demanding for continuous creations and advancement of novel fermentation processes. Efforts are directed both towards the advancement of cell factories and enzymes, as well as the designing of new processes, concepts, and technologies. The global market of microbial fermentation technology was valued at approximately USD 1,573.15 million in 2017 and which is expected to generate revenue of around USD 2,244.20 million by end of 2023. However, regular supply of materials, such as nutrients, microorganisms, the complex nature of production process, and high manufacturing cost hinder the market growth. 2019 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved. -
INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING INTERNSHIP: An Analytical Approach
The introduction chapter presents the transition that teaching internship models underwent from the 20th century to the 21st century. It addresses the need for acquiring the teaching knowledge required of a teacher trainee suitable to the present time. It provides a glimpse of internship practices in other professions like medicine, law and business to provide an analytical base to understand the teaching internship. A successful teaching practicum is determined by its outcome and the experiences offered at the internship site. The chapter also sheds light on the expectations and benefits of teaching internship. It also clarifies the terms used in teaching internship for a common understanding from the stakeholders. It explores the idea of mentor and mentorship in teaching internship. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of the succeeding chapters in the volume. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Introduction to quantum machine learning
Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is popularly known to be an integrative approach to learning of the Quantum Physics (QP) and Machine Learning (ML). In this chapter, an outline of the fundamental ideas and features related to quantum machine learning is laid out. The different facets of quantum algorithms are discussed in this chapter. In addition to this, the basic features of quantum reinforcement learning and quantum annealing are also provided in this chapter. Finally, the chapter deliberates about the advancement of quantum neural networks to through light in the direction of QML. 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. All rights reserved. -
Introduction to Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Data mining is a process of discovering some necessary hidden patterns from a large chunk of data that can be stored in multiple heterogeneous resources. It has an enormous use to make strategic decisions by business executives after analyzing the hidden truth of data. Data mining one of the steps in the knowledge-creation process. A data mining system consists of a data warehouse, a database server, a data mining engine, a pattern analysis module, and a graphical user interface. Data mining techniques include mining the frequent patterns and association learning rules with analysis, sequence analysis. Data mining technique is applicable on the top of various kinds of intelligent data storage systems such as data warehouses. It provides some analysis processes to make some useful strategic decisions. There are various issues and challenges faced by a data mining system in large databases. It provides a great place to work for data researchers and developers. Data mining is the process of classification, which can be executed based on the examination of training data (i.e., objects whose class label is predefined). With the help of an expert set of previous class objects with known class labels, it can find a model that can predict a class object with an unknown class label. These classification models can be classified into a variety of categories, including nearest neighbor, neural network, and others. Bayesian model, decision tree, neural network Random forest, decision trees Support vector machine, random forest SVM (support vector machine), for example. By analyzing the most common class among k closest samples, the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) technique aids in predicting of the class object with the unknown class label. Its an easy-to-use strategy that yields a solid classification result from any distribution. The Naive Bayes theory helps to perform the classification. It is one of the fastest classification algorithms, capable of efficiently handling real-world discrete data. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Introduction to blockchain for internet of things
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INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
The twenty-first century has been witnessing a global federal resurgence, distinguished by conversations focusing on interdependencies, multiculturalism, overlapping jurisdictions, multilateralism, multiple centres of policy-making and multiple notions of citizenship. Any assessment of cooperative federalism needs to go beyond institutional structures by incorporating images of diversity, pluralism, identity, issues of empowerment and democratization. Cooperative federalism facilitates cooperation among the national, state and local governments. It perceives the federation and the states as complementary parts of an arrangement where sovereignty is shared. 2024 selection and editorial matter, M.J. Vinod, Stefy V Joseph, Joseph Chacko Chennatuserry and Dimitris N. Chryssochoou; individual chapters, the contributors. -
INTRODUCTION
World politics in the twenty-first century represents a complex arena characterised by a diversity of paradigms. These paradigms entail a dynamic interplay of conventional and newer ways of engagement. Today, the globalising world witnesses newer imaginations of space and interactions where state actors continue to enjoy a preeminent status, adopting policies based on imaginations of space in terms of connectivity and gateways while maintaining their territorial integrity. They devise a whole array of mechanisms to define, redefine and secure their interests as well as elevate their aspirations of assuming newer responsibilities and bigger roles. What we witness today is dynamic endeavours by the states to hold on to and amplify their traditional roles and carving out newer contours of forging and consolidating relationships in the global framework of international relations. This also leads to the construction of new geo-strategic and economic hotspots. This complex interplay of the traditional and the newer interactions creates both synergies and discord. The Indo-Pacific represents such a hotspot in contemporary world politics, and Indias engagement with Southeast Asia is a significant area of interest therein. 2024 Taylor & Francis. -
Introduction
In the digital era, signal processing has found application in daily life from medical diagnosis to social networking. The digital domain has evolved as the preferred choice in communication system design due to its advantages over analog systems, such as high-speed transmission, improved quality, and effortless copying with high precision. The advancement of digital media brings new opportunities. The internet boom of this millennium has allowed digital data to move around the world in real time. Efficient segmentation, recognition, and analysis of multidimensional data such as hyperspectral images, medical imaging, data analysis in social media, and audio signals are still challenging issues. Digital data produced through data-processing algorithms has the fundamental advantages of transportability, proficiency, and accuracy of information content; but such data is also at significant risk because perfect illegal replicas can be made in unlimited numbers. 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Introduction
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Introduction
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