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Factor Analysis for Portfolio Returns: Investigating How Macroeconomic Factors Impact the Performance of the equity Portfolio
This paper investigates the complex relationship between macroeconomic factors and equity portfolio performance using regression analysis. In today's volatile financial environment, it emphasizes the importance of understanding how variables such as interest rates, inflation, money supply and GDP influence investment outcomes. Exact statistical techniques and historical data from a specific time period are used to uncover hidden factors affecting portfolio returns, with a particular focus on interest rates, inflation, money supply, and GDP. The goal of the research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these macroeconomic factors influence the equity investments. 2024 IEEE. -
Factor investing: evidence of long-only factor portfolios from the Indian market
The study examines the performance of long-only factor portfolios in the Indian market. An extended 8-factors model and well-known factor models are used to analyse the exposure and risk-adjusted performance of factor portfolios. The results reveal a mixed portfolio performance: market-driven factors like illiquid, winner, stable, and small offered better performance than those based on fundamental data like value, strong, and conservative. While the market factor is the primary return driver, the SMB and HML factors are the other standard return drivers. The portfolios showed exposure to the specific factor they are constructed upon, except for the strong portfolio. 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
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Factors Affecting Consumer Buying Behaviour, Consumer Satisfaction and Consumer Loyalty in the Ghee Industry- A Perspective of Bangalore Ghee Market
Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, Vol. 7, Issue 2, pp. 18-34, ISSN No. 2249- 7307 -
Factors Affecting Data-Privacy Protection and Promotion of Safe Digital Usage
India is facing the problem of the digital divide. Being developing countries and with low literacy rates, digital knowledge among the public is weak. Those who know a bit about digital operations on smartphones and computers are not having complete knowledge of data security and its peculiarities. Therefore, this study aimed to find determinants of data-privacy anxiety among Indians and to understand their stress and anxiety during the use of digital applications in their daily routines, especially amid the COVID-19 scenario. The current study adopted an inductive qualitative exploratory approach to delve into the above issues. This study employed a reflexive thematic analysis method to analyse interview data of 10 participants across young-adult to middle-adult age groups of male and female gender. Participants belonged to middle socio-economic status having urban background. The study found 6 themes and 26 subordinate themes as determinants of data-privacy anxiety. Emerging themes from the data indicated at the systemic determinants of data-security anxiety, the paradox of learned helplessness and convenience preference among participants. This paper employed the Foucauldian lens of bio-power to discuss the circumscribing function of ill-structured knowledge dissemination approaches. This paper argues in favor of a critical pedagogy approach in educating people about digital security, dealing with data-privacy anxiety, and promoting safe digital usage among all generations of Indians. It also suggests measures of modifications in policies and documentation processes of major online platforms and apps to curb uncertainty and sense of insecurity among users. 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. -
Factors Affecting Digital Visibility of Small and Medium Enterprises in India
This study sketches the importance of social media, integrated marketing communication, social customer relationship management and its transformation in the small and medium enterprises (SME). These factors can increase interaction and communication of SMEs with its customers. This study incorporates empirical method to elaborate how SMEs can increase visibility and reachability by gaining value through the usage of social media. Findings of the study highlight the challenges faced by SMEs with respect to visibility, examines the usage of different digital platforms by Indian SMEs which can resolve these difficulties and its impact on the business for improved visibility of SMEs when competition is hitting hard on all businesses. 2021 Management Development Institute. -
Factors Affecting Intra-Relations of Backend Cost Drivers in Multi-Brand Retail Domestic Super Market Under Convenience Stores Format : A Customer Aligned Model of Supply-Chain Optimism Framework
Asian Journal of Management, Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 78-86, 2321-5763 -
Factors affecting intra-relations of backend cost drivers in multi-brand retail domestic super market under convenience stores format: A customer aligned model of supply-chain optimisation framework /
Asian Journal Of Management, Vol.8, Issue 1, pp.78-86, ISSN: 0976-495X (Print), 2321-5763 (Online). -
Factors affecting luxury brand consumption and its impact on consumer purchase intentions: An India fashion luxury goods sector perspective
This study identifies and analyses the psychographic and demographic factors that influence luxury brand purchase intention in the Indian context. It discusses the existing knowledge pertaining to luxury brand consumption and a conceptual framework is developed based on the review of literature. India's favorable demographic profile, the growing middle class, high disposable income and young population, has helped the Indian luxury market witness a tremendous growth. The research identifies what drives the luxury brand purchase intention for the Indian consumers amidst this growth and analyses how it differs based on demographic variables such as age, gender and income. Based on the model thus created, the research seeks to segment the Indian luxury fashion brand consumers according to the significant demographic and psychographic variables thus identified. A questionnaire on a Likert scale was administered to 250 respondents of different age, income and gender groups within the city of Bangalore. The data was then analyzed using correlation, regression, cluster and frequency analysis in SPSS. The functionality is the major value factors effecting purchase intention of Indian luxury fashion consumer. The other identified value factors are correlated to self and others directedness. Age and income also have a significant influence of purchase intention. It was also found that purchase intention varies between different age and income groups. Finally, it was found that Indian consumers can be segmented as Superficial Luxury seekers, Luxury-Indulgers, Luxury-Avoiders, Attention and approval seekers. 2021 Ecological Society of India. All rights reserved. -
FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANIC FARMING CULTIVATION AND THEIR ROLE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDG)
Objectives: The paper aims to explore the factors which influence the organic farming cultivation in India and how they lead towards attainment of SDG. Theoretical Framework: This paper has adopted Theory of Planned Behavior to identify the factors which influence the organic farming and define their relationship with SDG. Method: The paper attempts to explore the factors which influence the organic farming intention among the farmers. It further explores the relationship between intention for organic farming and adoption of organic farming. The data was captured through detailed questionnaire which was captured through 347 respondents. The data analysis was performed with the help of SPSS 29 and AMOS 29 The mediating role of motivation was also explored using process Macro 4.2. Results & Discussions: The findings revealed that environment and cost influence the organic farming intention while attitude and perception had no effect on organic farming intention. Adoption of organic farming shared a positive relationship with organic farming intention The Cultivation of organic products lead to attainment of following goals No Poverty (SDG 1), zero Hunger (SDG2), Good Health and Well Being (SDG3) and Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12). Research Implications: The study reveals that there is a need to raise the awareness level among the farmers regarding the role of organic farming, its environmental impacts and health benefits associated with it. The findings underscore the importance of implementing additional training and awareness programs targeted at novice and less-experienced farmers. Such initiatives aim to familiarize them with diverse aspects of marketing, economics, and social factors associated with organic farming. 2025, Editora Alumni In. All rights reserved. -
Factors affecting the competitive capability of small and medium women entrepreneurs
Small and medium women entrepreneurs have a major contribution in the countrys economic development. After the implication of liberalization, privatization and globalization, all the countries are paying attention to support small and medium women entrepreneurs in order to mobilize maximum resources, generate employment opportunities and to improve competitiveness among them. However, today women entrepreneurs are still facing many problems in terms of finance, human resources, marketing, technology capability etc. These capabilities will result in the development of competitive capability of small and medium women entrepreneurs. Competitive capability is very important in order to sustain not only in the local market but also in the national and international market. Therefore, this study is an attempt to explore the factors affecting the competitive capability of small and medium women entrepreneurs. This study is surveyed 400 women entrepreneurs and obtained complete response from 384women entrepreneurs with 23 questions. The data is collected from November 2019 to January 2020. Simple random sampling technique, Cronbach's alpha and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique are used in the study to obtain the research result. Finally, the study concludes that there are five factors that affect the competitive capability of small and medium women entrepreneurs with significance level 0.05 and the influence of technology capability is more compare to other capabilities on competitiveness of the women entrepreneurs. 2020 SERSC. -
Factors Affecting the Growing Economic Inequality: An Empirical Study with Reference to BRICS Countries
Economic inequality refers to the uneven distribution ofearningsand opportunity between various groups in society and is a point of major concern in almost all the nations in the world. This study aims to analyse the effect of various factors over the increasing inequality in BRICS nations. The study takes into consideration factors like trade openness, credit, net foreign assets and health and tries to assess their impact as a driving force behind the increasing inequality in these countries. The augmented DickeyFuller test for stationarity has been applied followed by multiple regression. To explore causality, Granger causality test is applied. All the models are tested for autocorrelation using the BreuschGodfrey Lagrange Multiplier test. Wald test is applied to examine the significance of independent variables. The study provides statistical evidence about the positive and negative effects of trade openness, healthcare finance, net foreign assets and healthcare expenditure on income inequality in BRICS nations. Findings may help to work intensively on the relevant causes of inequality for these five countries. This paper will add to the already present literature on inequality which is one of the important problems of the countries across the world. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Factors Affecting the Performance of Private Label Brands in Indian Online Market: An Assessment of Reliability and Validity
Asian Journal of Management, Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp. 223-230, ISSN No. 0973-8705 -
Factors Affecting the Risk Perceptions of Cryptocurrency Investors
This study explores risk perceptions in cryptocurrency investments among Indian investors. It employs a multistage random sampling survey of 228 investors. Four key factors influence this perception: conceptual clarity, investment education, awareness of investment options, and fear-induced psychological factors. The overall risk perception of crypto investors is high. Based on our findings, we suggest that the Indian government should organize an awareness campaign to create awareness and educate investors about cryptocurrency. Policymakers and investment managers should focus on transforming high-risk investors into lower-risk investors through education and support, fostering a more favorable investment environment. 2024 The Institute of Behavioral Finance. -
Factors effecting employees willingness to stay in information technology industry /
The International Journal of Nepalese Academy of Management, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp.284-303, 2091-2471 (Print), 2091-248X (Online) -
FACTORS EFFECTING EMPLOYMENT CHOICE AND WILLINGNESS TO STAY IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY
Employer Brand refers to what people currently associate with an organization, employer branding can been described as the sum of a companys efforts to communicate to existing and prospective staff what makes it a desirable place to work, and the active management of a companys image as seen through the eyes of its associates and potential hires. This study is an attempt to continue afresh with new perspective to the field of human resource and behavioural sciences with special reference to employer branding: factors effecting employment choice and willingness to stay in information technology industry. The review on the related literature in the area of Employer branding and their willingness to stay or quit studied in this research has provided the researcher an insight into many factors. It also provides directions in designing the present study. Having reviewed several studies and having identified the gap, the investigator felt an imperative need to undertake the present investigation. The sample consisted of 276 IT employees from 11 employers of Bangalore city listed by NASSCOM. The sample consisted of both male and female IT employees. Judgemental sampling technique was adopted to select the number of respondents across the three types of management levels. The Major findings of the study were: 1. The five major media adopted to choose to work with the present employer were personal contacts followed by friends at the organization, job portals, company website and campus recruitment. Whereas medias like head-hunters, advertisements, internship, articles in media or product information had less interference in media adoption process. 2. It was found that challenging tasks, good reference for future career, international career opportunity, financial benefits, and work life balance were the top five factors that motivated employees to stay in the organization. Whereas wages / salary,products / services, retirement insurance, vehicle loan / discount facility, support staff for domestic help where least in motivating employees to stay. 3. It was found that compensation and benefits was the highest factor triggering an employees decision to quit followed by rewards and recognition, training programs, corporate culture and too challenging tasks. Other factors like recruitment and induction processes, reputation of the organization, leave and vacation policy, vehicle loan / discount facility and corporate social responsibility did not influence employees decision to quit. 4. It was found that compensation was the highest factor on why employees leave the organization.This was followed by reference for rewards,training programs,corporate culture, and challenging tasks. 5. Employees perception of trust too played a vital role in his decision process to stay or quit. It was found that dimensions like willingness to listen; trust, reliability, accountability, fairness, commitment and integrity played a vital role in influencing the trust process in an employee towards the organisation. Implications : HR managers need to have a good theory or model of how employer branding works in their own organisations. What works in one organisation or one industry sector may be quite different from what works in another. This indicates that there is some hard evidence and useful insights to be learned from emerging research in employer branding and its close relative, talent management. HR managers would be advised to look at this evidence-based work before leaping. Conclusion: The findings and outcome of this research will be beneficial to the IT organisations in India, which is a flourishing industry and contributes significantly to the GDP of the country and the talent pool of the world. The study will bring in sharp focus on the major challenges encountered in these areas and the solutions that will aid IT organisations to deal more significantly in increasing their organisational efficiency. Key words: employer branding, willingness to stay, perception of trust -
Factors Effecting on Work Values Towards Career Choices Among University Students
The pandemic effect of COVID-19 triggered a global recession in the year 2020. The unpredictability that surrounds the coronavirus is the most challenging problem that many people must confront, particularly in terms of making decisions regarding their careers, considering the significant shift in employment opportunities. The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence anxiety and the Covid-19 pandemic have on work values and the reality of career choices among university students. A quantitative research methodology was applied to 110 respondents from a nearby institution to achieve the study's objective. This was done through online surveys and the snowball sampling technique. In order to acquire the findings, a data analysis using SPSS and PLS-SEM was carried out. It is evident from the study's findings that students work values are impacted by anxiety and the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the findings support the hypothesis that anxiety and the COVID-19 pandemic influence students employment decisions. The findings of the study provide insight into the body of knowledge. The influence of anxiety and the COVID-19 pandemic on current work values among university students about career choices are examined, and recommendations are made to various stakeholders, such as policymakers, university management, and career counselors. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Factors Influencing Association of Intermediaries in the Supply Chain of Consumer Healthcare Brands
Purpose: The rural market in India provides tremendous scope for FMCG consumer healthcare companies to market their products because of a significant increase of rural purchasing power. Many empirical studies in this area highlight the challenges and opportunities for marketers in the FMCG space. Research articles are not in abundance to understand intermediaries' expectations in the supply chain specific to consumer healthcare products. The existing literature did not significantly address the challenges of channel partners in the rural market. The present study aims to determine the retailer expectations from manufacturers and channel members' mutual expectations in the FMCG distribution channel. Research design and Methodology: The present study adopted a qualitative research methodology. Fifty respondents from each level of distribution channel such as super-stockist, distributors and retailers in central India were identified and an interview method was adopted to collect the data. Results: Nineteen factors were identified to influence the intermediaries for involvement in the business with any FMCG brand. Factors like Profit margin, reverse logistics, credit terms, return on investment, timely payments were crucial for managing the expectations of all intermediaries. This study provides academic as well as practical implications in terms of enabling the industry to align its channel management strategies accordingly 2021 The Author(s) A. S. Suresh. All Rights Reserved. -
Factors influencing career decision of undergraduate and postgraduate students: an Indian context
Purpose: The objective of the study was to explore the factors influencing the career decisions of students doing the students' undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) programmes from urban private universities/colleges in the Indian context. Design/methodology/approach: Career decision-making is determined by different factors and is contextual. The present study explores and identifies the prominent factors influencing career decision-making. A pool of 33 questions was developed, and these questions were initially administered to a sample of 233 students. Principal component analysis with Varimax Rotation identified salient factors. In the second study, confirmatory analysis was performed based on the opinion of 304 students. Findings: The study shows that the student's career deciding factors include (1) career clarity, (2) career exploration, (3) career reward and recognition and (4) career initiative for professional and personal growth. Originality/value: The study focussed on career-deciding factors for UG and PG students from urban universities/colleges in the Indian context and the findings can be used for planning career counselling interventions. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Decision in Mid-Size Car Segment.
Volume 2, Issue 4, August, ISSN: 2277-6621