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XENOPHOBIC ATTITUDES AND REPRESENTATIONS IN SOCIAL MEDIA DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDIA; [ACTITUDES Y REPRESENTACIONES XENOFICAS EN LAS REDES SOCIALES DURANTE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 EN LA INDIA]
Social media activity was reported to have significantly increased during the pandemic period as most of the daily routines transformed into the digital space. This paper attempted to explore the politics of representation in digital space using Foucauldian theories of power and discipline. A qualitative exploration of the xenophobic attitudes and representation was conducted on 123 young adults to understand how health concerns associated with the pandemic influenced social representations and marginalization of certain social sections and how participants recognized and understood their contribution to this group polarization. Thematic analysis of participant opinions indicated a significant change in polarization and attitude towards out-groups following the pandemic outbreak. The existing hierarchical homogenization and polarization of the marginalized moderated by polarized political affinities were found to be translated into digital space intensifying xenophobic attitudes thereby contributing to the evolution of new digital cultures and hierarchies in digital literacy. 2022 UNIVERSIDADE FEEVALE All rights reserved. -
Climate-Smart Livelihood - A Case Study of Dodaballapura Taluk of Bangalore Rural District
More than a billion farmers around the world are on the frontier of climate change. These farmers' livelihoods are directly and indirectly affected by the impact of climate change. Climate smart livelihood explains the practices in agriculture sector which sustainably contributes to productivity and income. This study tries to explore the adaptation of climate smart livelihood techniques by the farmers in the Doddaballapur taluk of Bangalore rural district. The data was collected primarily from the five villages and 50 households of Doddaballapur taluk. The survey revealed that 81.67% of the respondents faced problems during adaptation of climate smart agriculture was due to poor support of local and national authorities with climate related issues and ranked it one of the major constraints. This was followed by lack of financial constraints, lack of knowledge about adaptive practices (78.50%), non-availability of agriculture inputs in time (76.17%), lack of education about the adaptation strategies (75.33%), unavailability of new technologies (78.83%), higher cost of the agricultural inputs used for the practices (71.17%), lack of improved communication facility about the climate change (71 %), migration of youth due to urbanization and better employment (70.83%), lack of knowledge about post-harvest technology (68.83%), lack of awareness about climate change issues (59.83 %). The study reveals that as most farmers believe they have low capacity to adapt to climate-smart agriculture due to lack of availability of resources. Government can help farmers through National Agricultural Extension Project (NAEP), Krishi Prashasthi, etc. 2022 - Kalpana Corporation. -
Analysis of the photo-thermal excitation in a semiconducting medium under the purview of DPL theory involving non-local effect
Non-local theory comprises a unique characteristics by analyzing the effects of all points of the body on a single point of the material. The present study enlightens the propagation of photo-thermal waves in a semiconductor by adopting the two phase lag theory of thermoelasticity in the frame of non-local effect. Normal mode analysis has been employed to obtain the exact expressions of the field quantities such as temperature, components of the displacement, carrier density, and components of the stress. Each field quantity is found to be influenced by the non-local parameter as well as phase lags. Quantitative results are determined in the time-domain by adopting a suitable technique of Laplace transform inversion which exhibit the influence of the non-locality effect on the distributions of field variables. Significant differences have been attributable to the studied fields due to the non-locality effect. Also, computational results are compared with the corresponding results obtained by using single phase lag theory proposed by Lord and Shulman (LS model)LS model single phase lag model (LS model). 2022, Springer Nature B.V. -
BSLnO: Multi-agent based distributed intrusion detection system using Bat Sea Lion Optimization-based hybrid deep learning approach
Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a robust model that plays an essential role in dealing with intrusion detection, especially in detecting abnormal anomalies and unknown attacks. The major challenges faced by IDS are the computation time required for analysis, and the exchange of a huge amount of data from one division of the network to another. For the sake of tackling such limitations, this probe proposes a multi-agent enabled IDS for detecting intrusions using the Bat Sea Lion Optimization (BSLnO) algorithm. The proposed strategy consists of five phases, namely pre-processor agent, reducer agent, augmentation agent, classifier agent, and decision agent. Initially, input data is subjected to pre-processor agent, where pre-processing is carried out using data normalization and missing value imputation. Thereafter, the pre-processed result is fed up to the reducer agent, where dimension reduction is carried out using mutual information. The third step is data augmentation in which the dimensionality of data is enhanced. After that, the augmented result is subjected to classifier agent to classify intrusions or malicious activities present in the network based on hybrid deep learning strategies, namely deep maxout network and deep residual network. A developed BSLnO is implemented by incorporating Bat Algorithm (BA) and Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO) algorithm to train the hybrid classifier. The proposed scheme has acquired a higher precision of 0.936, recall of 0.904, and F-measure of 0.920. 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Nickel-Based Inks for Flexible Electronics - A Review on Recent Trends
Inkjet printing (IJP) is an efficient, simple, scalable and low-cost additive manufacturing technique for the deposition of functional materials on substrates used in flexible electronic devices, sensors, and light-emitting diodes to name a few. Nanoparticle ink, metal oxide decomposition (particle-free ink), polymer ink, and semiconductor ink are classifications of the inks used in IJP. Effective printing of the material is possible when the ink parameters (viscosity, particle size, surface tension) and its derived dimensionless quantities (Weber number, Reynolds' number, and Ohnesorge number) fall within a desirable range. The formation of the coffee-ring effect during the post-printing process is one of the major concerns, which affects the morphology and electrical conductivity of the printed pattern. In this review, a summary of recent developments of Ni-based inks in terms of formulation, sintering and properties is presented, along with the effect of combining Ni with other materials such as NiO, Ag, Cu, Zn, Fe, carbon, and rare earth metals on the film properties. The precursors and solvents used for the Ni ink preparation, along with the additives and surfactants, have been presented to understand their impact on the film's properties and develop a design to choose the ideal precursor-solvent pair. Finally, the challenges in formulating inks and the necessity to develop a model to optimize the choice of solvent/ precursor are presented. The model would improve the selection of additives and precursors and reduce material wastage and enhance performance with fewer defects. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
QSPR Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Topological indices serve as a crucial component in chemical graph theory linked with some molecular structure. The First and Second Zagreb Indices are one among the earliest and extensively explored molecular descriptors. The study on equitable zagreb indices have been initiated earlier by Akram Alqesmah, Anwar Alwardi and R. Rangarajan based on the equitable degree of the vertices. In this paper, we introduce the first and second equitable and non-equitable zagreb polynomials and compute the exact values of the respective equitable and non-equitable zagreb indices for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We have also utilised certain formulations for the determination of the corresponding relative equitable and non-equitable zagreb indices of the chemical graph. Further, QSPR analysis is carried out for the topological indices with regard to the physico-chemical properties of the polycyclic hydrocarbon molecules. 2022, Books and Journals Private Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
RayleighBard convection in a BoussinesqStokes ferromagnetic fluid under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal internal heat modulation
Internal heat modulation has several applications in nuclear reactor design and safety, as well as meteorology. In this paper, the influence of internal heat modulation on RayleighBard convection in a BoussinesqStokes ferromagnetic fluid is explored using linear and nonlinear analyses. The impact of the square, sine, triangular, and sawtooth wave type of internal heat modulation on the onset of convection and heat transport is considered. Using a Venezian method, linear stability analysis is performed to derive the correction Rayleigh number and the critical Rayleigh number for all four waveforms. A nonautonomous Lorenz model is derived and solved for the amplitude to obtain the Nusselt number, which quantifies the heat transport. The impact of the nondimensional parameter on the convective onset and heat transfer under heat source/sink modulation is analyzed. The study shows that all four types of internal heat modulation destabilize the system. It is also found that the presence of a heat source/sink modulation affects the impact of all four types of internal heat modulation on heat transport. 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. -
Influence of Consumers Self Perception on Devaluation of Ugly Produce Marketing Strategies to Reduce Food Waste in the Indian Context
Ugly produce refers to aesthetically imperfect fruits and vegetables and also fruits and vegetables with minor blemishes. Ugly produce does not refer to spoilt, rotten, or germ-infected fruits and vegetables. The basic premise of this study is from self-signaling and self-perception theories. The self-signaling theory states that when people make a choice, they disclose something of their character and personality not just to others, but also to themselves. Self-perception theory (SPT) developed by psychologist Daryl Bem asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their own behavior and further concluding what attitudes must have caused it. Classically, consumers undervalue ugly produce because of altered self-perceptions; simply visualizing the consumption of imperfect produce acts as a self-indicative signal that negatively affects how consumers view themselves. Due to this, the unattractive produce, even though perfectly edible and with the same taste and nutritional value, is rejected by consumers merely based on shape or some other cosmetic blemish. We discussed the strategies adopted by Indian startups and organizations to reduce food waste. Deep discounting is the strategy followed by food retailers worldwide to sell ugly produce, however, this is not the best strategy as it leads to losses for both the retailers as well as the farmers. We suggested alternative strategies successfully followed by foreign retailers, such as spreading awareness, boosting self-confidence and esteem among consumers, attracting kids, etc., which can be followed by Indian food retailers for selling ugly fruits and vegetables. 2022, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Tunable Capacitive Behavior in Metallopolymer-based Electrochromic Thin Film Supercapacitors
Volumetric capacitance is a more critical performance parameter for rechargeable power supply in lightweight and microelectronic devices as compared to gravimetric capacitance in larger devices. To this end, we report three electrochromic metallopolymer-based electrode materials containing Fe2+as the coordinating metal ion with high volumetric capacitance and energy densities in a symmetric two-electrode supercapacitor setup. These metallopolymers exhibited volumetric capacitance up to 866.2 F cm-3at a constant current density of 0.25 A g-1. The volumetric capacitance (poly-Fe-L2: 544.6 F cm-3> poly-Fe-L1: 313.8 F cm-3> poly-Fe-L3: 230.8 F cm-3at 1 A g-1) and energy densities (poly-Fe-L2: 75.5 mWh cm-3> poly-Fe-L1: 43.6 mWh cm-3> poly-Fe-L3: 31.2 mWh cm-3) followed the order of the electrical conductivity of the metallopolymers and are among the best values reported for metal-organic systems. The variation in the ligand structure was key toward achieving different electrical conductivities in these metallopolymers with excellent operational stability under continuous cycling. High volumetric capacitances and energy densities combined with tunable electro-optical properties and electrochromic behavior of these metallopolymers are expected to contribute to high performance and compact microenergy storage systems. We envision that the integration of smart functionalities with thin film supercapacitors would warrant the surge of miniaturized on-chip microsupercapacitors integrated in-plane with other microelectronic devices for wearable applications. 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved. -
An Overview of Nano-Catalysts in Biodiesel Production
Energy consumption and dependence on non-renewable resources is increasing over the years. The combustion of fossil fuels resulting in the emission of substantial amounts of CO2, NOX, SOX and some greenhouse gases. Biofuels are evolving as the primary alternatives to fossil fuels since they can be readily synthesised from discarded bioresources and yield lesser emission during the combustion process. However, the extraction of biofuels has thrown up new challenges that have widened the scope of the use of nano-particles in the synthesis of biofuels. From the literature, distinct findings concerning the use of nano-particles as a catalyst and process reactant during biodiesel production have been identified; this is majorly attributed to the fact that nano-catalysts enhance thermophysical properties, reaction speed and mass transport properties. Henceforth, the present paper aims to review, summarise and provide an insight into the research findings of effectively using nanocatalysts in biofuel production and consider the significance and its relevance for further researchers in the domain of biofuels. 2022, Books and Journals Private Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Design of Smart and Secured Healthcare Service Using Deep Learning with Modified SHA-256 Algorithm
Background: The modern era of human society has seen the rise of a different variety of diseases. The mortality rate, therefore, increases without adequate care which consequently causes wealth loss. It has become a priority of humans to take care of health and wealth in a genuine way. Methods: In this article, the authors endeavored to design a hospital management system with secured data processing. The proposed approach consists of three different phases. In the first phase, a smart healthcare system is proposed for providing an effective health service, especially to patients with a brain tumor. An application is developed that is compatible with Android and Microsoft-based operating systems. Through this application, a patient can enter the system either in person or from a remote place. As a result, the patient data are secured with the hospital and the patient only. It consists of patient registration, diagnosis, pathology, admission, and an insurance service module. Secondly, deep-learning-based tumor detection from brain MRI and EEG signals is proposed. Lastly, a modified SHA-256 encryption algorithm is proposed for secured medical insurance data processing which will help detect the fraud happening in healthcare insurance services. Standard SHA-256 is an algorithm which is secured for short data. In this case, the security issue is enhanced with a long data encryption scheme. The algorithm is modified for the generation of a long key and its combination. This can be applicable for insurance data, and medical data for secured financial and disease-related data. Results: The deep-learning models provide highly accurate results that help in deciding whether the patient will be admitted or not. The details of the patient entered at the designed portal are encrypted in the form of a 256-bit hash value for secured data management. 2022 by the authors. -
Synthesis, in vitro and theoretical studies on newly synthesized deep blue emitting 4-(p-methylphenylsulfonyl-5-aryl/alkyl)oxazole analogues for biological and optoelectronic applications
In the present study, a series of 4,5-di-substituted oxazole derivatives (compounds 2a-p) were synthesized, using a novel methodology for the simultaneous determination of their biological and optoelectronic applications. Among the screened molecules, compounds 2j, 2 l and 2o showed very good antimicrobial potencies with MICs up to 1 g/mL. Furthermore, the photophysical parameters were estimated using theoretical and experimental techniques for optoelectronic applications. The excited-state dipole moment being higher than that of the ground state, investigated using solvato-chromatic method showed a redistribution of the electron densities in the excited state for the fluorophores. The HOMO-LUMO energies of the fluorophores estimated by using density functional theory (DFT) are found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The electrophilic and nucleophilic sites were also recognized with the help of molecular electrostatic potential 3D plots using time-dependent-DFT computational analysis. The specific and non-specific interactions between the solutesolvent were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis using Kamlet-Abound-Taft and Catalan parameters. Further, the global chemical reactivity descriptor parameter was also calculated. The photophysical properties of the fluorophores suggest that these may be considered as potential probes for OLED, solar cell, and chemosensor applications. 2022 Elsevier B.V. -
Model of cross-cultural adjustment and view of life-career among Japanese expatriate spouses in India
In the globalized economy, it is necessary to consider expatriates cross-cultural adjustment, which is affected by their spouses, whose cross-cultural adjustment should not be neglected. We examined a model of cross-cultural adjustment among Japanese spouses in India. We hypothesized that demands (e.g., cultural differences, language immaturity) and resources (e.g., spouses personality/agreeableness, perceived social support) negatively and positively affect cross-cultural adjustment, respectively. In turn, cross-cultural adjustment positively affects subjective happiness and intent to stay. In addition, cross-cultural adjustment consists a part of life-career perspective for expatriate spouses who quit their job when go to abroad. To examine the hypotheses, we use a mixed methods approach (QUAN?QUAL) that uses multiple variables and sampling to collect quantitative and qualitative data over two phases sequentially. First, from August to October 2018, a survey using a web-based questionnaire was conducted in four areas in India: New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Bengaluru. Responses from 105 participants, who are parents of Japanese school children or members of a parenting support group were received. Second, from October to December 2018, the interview data for 17 participants were collected at Bengaluru. To confirm the hypothesized model, we tested a structural equations modeling (SEM) analysis. Additionally, the interview transcript data were analyzed with a modified version of the Grounded Theory approach (M-GTA). The Results demonstrated that Japanese expatriate spouses who had difficulties in communicating in English and felt large cultural differences, decreased their adjustment, their subjective happiness was lowered, and they wanted to return to their home country early. However, the more the personality was cooperative and compassionate, and the more they worked to adjust to their international life; their subjective happiness increased. Additionally, expatriate spouses obtained the concept of view of life-career. The view of life-career included cross-cultural adjustment. Cross-cultural adjustment affects positive view of life-career that will lead to smooth re-employment after returning to Japan. 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
Virtual Reality in Tourism: A Research Note
Technology inclusions have been deriving disruptive changes in the tourism industry. The most sought-after digital tool virtual reality (VR) has been highly preferred by destination marketers in formulating their marketing strategies and executions and branding their destinations. Though VR inclusion started early, the pandemic crisis has added effectiveness to the vibrance of the industrys offerings. However, the research of VR inclusions in tourism marketing needs wider evidence that would eventually facilitate the thereof in identifying and understanding of the emerging tourists micro-segments based on their motives, duality of destination management and branding, and the relevance for conceiving memorable experiences. This research note indicated three such critical aspects VR in upscaling tourism, VR as a marketing strategy for sustainability, and VR as reality or reality for tourists. The note also indicated the major areas that can be researched from the given perspectives of VR for tourism marketing and destination branding. 2022, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. -
An Efficient Sorting Algorithm for Capacitor Voltage Balance of Modular Multilevel Converter With Space Vector Pulsewidth Modulation
Thisarticle presents an efficient analogue sorting algorithm for balancing the submodule (SM) capacitor voltages of modular multilevel converter (MMC). The proposed analogue sorting algorithm offers the advantage of fast convergence rate without any need of recursive loops for the implementation on embedded devices. It can be easily implemented with combinational logic operations on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and provides less hardware and computational overhead. The functionality and performance of the proposed analogue sorting algorithm is evaluated with the simulation model of three phase five-level MMC in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The real time implementation of the proposed sorting algorithm with the SM capacitor voltage balancing strategy is implemented on Altera/Cylone - I (EP1C12Q240C8N) FPGA. A five-level continuous space vector pulsewidth modulation (CSVPWM) is realized on a PIC microcontroller (PIC18F452). A down-scaled model of single-phase five-level MMC is designed and constructed to investigate the reliable and stable operation of MMC with the proposed analogue sorting algorithm and SVPWM method. Simulation and experimental results are presented for validation. 1986-2012 IEEE. -
ON 3-DIMENSIONAL QUASI-PARA-SASAKIAN MANIFOLDS AND RICCI SOLITONS
The purpose of this paper is to study 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifolds and Ricci solitons. First, we prove that a 3-dimensional non-paracosymplectic quasi-para-Sasakian manifold is an ?-Einstein manifold if and only if the structure function ? is constant. Further, it is shown that a Ricci soliton on a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold with ?=constant is expanding. Moreover, we show that if a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold admits a Ricci soliton, then the flow vector field V is Killing, and the quasi-para-Sasakian structure can be obtained by a homothetic deformation of a para-Sasakian structure. Besides, we study gradient Ricci solitons and prove that if a 3-dimensional non-paracosymplectic quasi-para-Sasakian manifold with ?=constant admits a gradient Ricci soliton, then the manifold is an Einstein one. Also, a suitable example of a 3-dimensional quasi-para-Sasakian manifold is constructed to verify our results. 2022 A. Razmadze Mathematical Institute of Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. All rights reserved. -
Transitivity of trees
For a graph G = (V,E), a partition ? = (V1,V2,..,Vk) of the vertex set V is a transitive partition if Vi dominates Vj whenever i < j. The transitivity Tr(G) of a graph G is the maximum order of a transitive partition of V. For any positive integer k, we characterize the smallest tree with transitivity k and obtain an algorithm to determine the transitivity of any tree of finite order. 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Evolutionary multiple instance boosting framework for weakly supervised learning
Multiple instance boosting (MILBoost) is a framework which uses multiple instance learning (MIL) with boosting technique to solve the problems regarding weakly labeled inexact data. This paper proposes an enhanced multiple boosting frameworkevolutionary MILBoost (EMILBoost) which utilizes differential evolution (DE) to optimize the combination of weak classifier or weak estimator weights in the framework. A standard MIL dataset MUSK and a binary classification dataset Hastie_10_2 are used to evaluate the results. Results are presented in terms of bag and instance classification error and also confusion matrix of test data. 2021, The Author(s). -
Influence of Economic Benefits and Social Interaction on Buyer Participation in a Rural Retail Institution: Study of an Indian Periodic Market
Retail institutions offer economic and social benefits to the participants in a market. It is expected that in a less developed economy the social factors influence economic behaviour much more than in developed economies. The rural markets offer increased opportunities for the influence of social factors on economic transactions. This study examined the case of a rural periodic market. To ensure reliability the case study protocol questions reflected propositions developed on the research questions. It was expected that the participants would exhibit the influence of social relations in their market transactions. The results indicated that the economic benefits than social considerations influenced participant behaviour in the rural periodic market. Contrary to expectations not all consumers in a less developed economy exhibit social embeddedness in economic behaviour. Implications are for policymakers involved in planning and regulating rural markets. They need to take into consideration the differing behaviour of consumer groups in designing or regulating retail markets. This study examining the social embeddedness of buyer behaviour in the rural retail context of a less developed economy is presumably the first. 2021 Institute of Rural Management, Anand, Gujarat, India. -
The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package*
The Astropy Project supports and fosters the development of open-source and openly developed Python packages that provide commonly needed functionality to the astronomical community. A key element of the Astropy Project is the core package astropy, which serves as the foundation for more specialized projects and packages. In this article, we summarize key features in the core package as of the recent major release, version 5.0, and provide major updates on the Project. We then discuss supporting a broader ecosystem of interoperable packages, including connections with several astronomical observatories and missions. We also revisit the future outlook of the Astropy Project and the current status of Learn Astropy. We conclude by raising and discussing the current and future challenges facing the Project. 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.