Browse Items (11810 total)
Sort by:
-
Despeckling of Ultra sound Images using spatial filters - A Fusion Approach
Ultra sound images are normally affected by speckle noise which is typically multiplicative in nature. This study proposes different fusion based despeckling methods for ultra sound images. The output of existing spatial domain despeckling methods viz. Lee filter, Bayesian Non Local Means (BNLM) filter and Frost filter are fused pairwise. Fusion is implemented in two steps, first an inter-scale stationary wavelet coefficient fusion followed by an intra-scale wavelet coefficient fusion. Analysis of these projected despeckling strategies are conducted using metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Equivalent Number of Looks (ENL), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Universal Image Quality Index (UIQI). The results show that the performance of fusion based methods is better than the respective individual filters for despeckling ultra sound images. 2019 IEEE. -
Copper oxide modified biphasic titania for enhanced hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting
Recently, TiO2(B) has been extensively used in catalytic and energy fields owing to its exceptional crystal structure. But being a metastable state, TiO2(B) is transformed easily into other stable crystalline forms like anatase or rutile phase, and the low crystallinity limits the application of the material in catalysis. A combination of TiO2(B) with anatase, which is benefitted by a homojunction, is proven to be blessed with high activity. Herein, hydrogen production via photocatalytic water-splitting is presented using Cu modified biphasic titania nanotubes achieved by a facile hydrothermal procedure. The systems are well characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, N2 adsorption study, FTIR, DR-UV, Raman, Photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectral analysis. The homo-junction developed in titania due to anatase TiO2 (B), as well as the heterojunction created by the co-catalyst, tune the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes positively, as evident from the enhanced hydrogen production over the system. 2023 -
Potential, prospects, and problems of textile tourism in Kerala
Tourism in the textile industry has tremendous potential for future growth and development of local economies and rural communities, building upon the services provided by local governments. This study focuses on Khadi textile business operations, with a particular emphasis on textile-based businesses, and provides visitor perceptions of textile tourism. It discusses the possibilities and challenges in the local textile industry, including the dificulties faced by the weavers in marketing their goods to tourists and exporters. The questionnaire survey applied to 120 visitors from three different khadi shops in Kozhikode, Kerala. According to the study's findings, textile business centres require strategic promotional approaches to boost textile tourism. The major hurdle for weavers and independent producers is a lack of direct access to visitors, as well as access to information controlled by producers, commercial interests, and gallery owners. more in the future to expand the reach of this type of tourism. The potential role that the government and tourism authorities may play an important role in designing policies that may grant this form of tourism increased visibility. 2022, Universidade de Aveiro. All rights reserved. -
Textile tourism and the challenges of the indigenous handloom sector in Northern Kerala
This study investigates the functioning of indigenous handloom enterprises and their relationship with textile tourism. It also explores the regional textile industry and the challenges weavers encounter in promoting their goods to visitors and exporters. Data was collected using a purposive sampling method, and a structured questionnaire was administered to 120 weavers from four textile weaving centers in Kozhikode, Kerala. The most significant obstacle for weavers and independent producers is the lack of direct communication with customers and the limited access to information provided by manufacturers, corporations, and gallery owners. Firstly, handcrafted items are becoming more accessible and affordable; secondly, the interest of the younger generation is gradually fading, which reduces the number of skilled professionals. The result of this study provides insight into how Khadi Textiles has the potential to contribute positively to socioeconomic achievements and enhance weaver's and destination image. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Experience and Agency of Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Schools : An Ethnographic Study in Haryana, India
India currently has more than 24 million children within the age group of 0-18 years experiencing some form of disability. Among them, India has the highest population of children at risk of developmental disabilities (UNICEF, 2011). However, there is a significant dearth of knowledge regarding their lived experiences. Surprisingly, qualitative understandings of the lives of children with intellectual disabilities within their school environments are lacking in India. Thus, this research aims to fill this gap by focusing on comprehending the lived experiences and agency of these children within their schools, families, and neighborhoods. Recognizing them as social agents has the potential to challenge the marginalized status often attributed to them. The objective of this research was to understand the lived experiences of children with intellectual disabilities across various school setups, including government schools, private schools, and mainstream schools. Furthermore, it seeks to understand the values and perspectives of the schools, school authorities and teachers, and the manner in which children with intellectual disabilities employ their agency in their day- to-day lives within different educational structures. Ethnographic research was, therefore, conducted in four government schools, two private schools and two special schools in Karnal district, Haryana, India. Haryana was chosen due to the existence of previous research on the cultural understanding of disability in the state. A total of 25 children with intellectual disabilities and 44 school teachers were interviewed and observed. Classroom observations and shadowing also served as important methods of data collection. The findings reveal that policies, school structures and processes, as well as teachers' practices and attitudes, continue to perpetuate exclusionary practices for children with intellectual disabilities. The notion of "inclusive schooling" remains superficial within the Indian context. However, within these exclusionary systems and processes, a diverse range of differences were noted in terms of the experiences, beliefs, and preferences of children. These differences are influenced by a complex interplay of their social environment (school and home), cultural norms and personal attributes. Academic aspirations and experiences of personal friendship emerged as dynamic and intricate aspects of their lives. Evaluating these elements presents challenges as children's academic achievements and friendships are continually evolving, forming, and dissolving. Data analysis also demonstrates that children with intellectual disabilities not only actively construct meanings but also possess an awareness of the cultural context in which they exist. Their interactions with others, including the researcher, were heavily influenced by these cultural contexts. Their actions contribute differently to social and relational networks, depending on the barriers they encounter within each institution. The performativity of their agency was explored through an understanding of their "silences," which proved to be an essential element in analyzing their agency.Additionally, their agency was examined through their utilization of digital technologies which was actively used by children to maintain friendships with old friends, to develop new friendships and for entertainment purposes. This research, therefore, aims to integrate the notions of agency, culture, and structure in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of children with intellectual disabilities in various educational environments in an Indian state. -
The Future Warfare with Multidomain Applications of Artificial Intelligence: Research Perspective
We live in a period when historical fiction has become current reality. With our future being automated, using AI on a daily basis will only get more convenient. Making military weapons to detect, monitor, and engage a human being with attacks may all be done in the privacy of one's own garden. There is a plethora of AI software out there that can be readily integrated into combat weapons. The automobile industry is already incorporating AI into vehicles to assess driving circumstances and give augmented reality to drivers via heads-up displays in order to assist avert accidents. Similarly, artificial intelligence will be utilized to study the battlefield and give soldiers with augmented reality information via heads-up displays and weapon control systems. Since AI is not a single technology, it has been argued that it might be used by the military in a variety of ways. Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) activities, as well as processing and interpreting sensor data and geographic imaging analysis, are all examples of AI. Artificial intelligence has the potential to reduce human involvement in conflict, whether it is employed for combat robots or data analysis. AI has the potential to profoundly alter the nature of war. The article mainly focussed on warfare technologies and applications. The main aim of this review is to understand the current applications being used in armed forces and proposed technologies of artificial intelligence. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Isolation, Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria From The Rhizosphere of Coffea arabica L. From Kodagu District, Karnataka
Agriculture is fundamental to food security and economic stability. The utilisation of newlineplant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) an eco-friendly alternative to chemical newlinefertilisers is particularly promising as these microorganisms enhance nutrient newlineavailability, stimulate plant growth, and improve resistance to biotic and abiotic newlinestresses. This study aimed to isolate and characterise PGPR from the rhizosphere of newlineCoffea arabica L. in the Kodagu District of Karnataka, focusing on their potential as newlinebiofertilizers. Soil samples collected from ten different locations within Kamath Coffee newlineEstate led to the isolation of fourteen distinct bacterial colonies, labelled NJ01 to NJ14. These isolates were evaluated for various plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) siderophore and ammonia production, nitrogen fixation, newlinephosphate, and zinc solubilization and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production. Further newlinestudies were carried out using 3 isolates with significant PGP traits. Enzyme activity newlineassays indicated that NJ01, NJ04, and NJ14 had positive results for protease, cellulase, newlineamylase, and catalase activity. These strains also displayed varying degrees of newlinehalotolerance, with NJ01, NJ04 and NJ14 tolerating up to 8%, 10% and 11% NaCl, newlinerespectively. Heavy metal tolerance tests revealed that NJ01 tolerated Pb up to 250 newlineg/mL, NJ04 tolerated Pb up to 1500 g/mL and Cd up to 50 g/mL, and NJ14 tolerated Pb up to 1000 g/mL and Hg up to 100 g/mL. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production was confirmed in all isolates, with NJ01 yielding the highest amount (6.4 g/L). The isolates exhibited significant antifungal and the 16S rRNA sequencing identified NJ01 as Bacillus albus (OP784795), NJ04 as Bacillus licheniformis (OM780221), and NJ14 as Bacillus subtilis (OM780222). A consortium was prepared after confirming the plant growth promoting abilities of these PGPR strains by carrying out an initial plant growth studies. The optimisation of media parameters was by using a two-factor interaction model. -
FUZZY SEMI-ESSENTIAL SUBMODULES AND FUZZY SEMI-CLOSED SUBMODULES
In this paper, we prove some properties of fuzzy semi-essential submodules and fuzzy semi-closed submodules I??k University, Department of Mathematics, 2023; all rights reserved -
Enhancing the stability of DSSC by Co-activation of microwave synthesized TiO2 with biomass derived carbon dots
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) that utilize natural dyes have garnered interest due to their low cost, eco-friendly manufacturing process, and competitive photovoltaic performance. However, their efficiency and stability issues have hindered their widespread implementation. To enhance their performance, this paper proposes a novel approach of modifying the photoanode with carbon dots (CDs) to align the band gap for easier carrier collection. The material properties were thoroughly characterized by examining their structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) was synthesized using the microwave-assisted solvothermal method, while nitrogen-doped CDs derived from Citrus medica fruit juice were prepared using a simple hydrothermal treatment. Three sets of Natural Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (NDSSC) devices were created using co-activated photoanode (CD/TiO2) and unmodified photoanode (TiO2) with Platisol T/sp coated ITO serving as the counter electrode. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) and Onion (Allium cepa) peel extracts were utilized as sensitizers and Iodolyte HI-30 as the electrolyte. The most efficient device attained an efficiency of 3.5 % with Voc = 0.81 V and Jsc = 6.57 mA/cm2. This marks the highest efficiency reported using Hibiscus as a sensitizer with the current configuration, accompanied by prolonged device stability. This study showcases the potential of Citrus medica-derived nitrogen-doped CDs in achieving durable device stability. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Performance of DSSC with green synthesized and thermodynamically sintered Bi-phase TiO2 with various sensitizers
The production of green and clean energy in the current era is heavily reliant on light harvesting through the use of solar cells. A successful fabrication of any of the components of Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) through an easy, environmental, and economic-friendly method would be an added advantage in promoting the production of green and clean energy. With this in mind, this paper highlights the green synthesis of materials for the preparation of photo-anodes as well as sensitizers. Apart from the routine synthesis method, this paper presents a new perspective that enhances inter-particle connections by providing an optimum calcination temperature (thermodynamic sintering) during the preparation procedure. The best calcination temperature for the preparation of photo-anode material is initially optimized by comparing the device output performance between synthetic and natural dyes. Further improvement in device performance is achieved through TiCl4 (Titanium tetrachloride) post-annealing treatment on the optimized photo-anodes. The improvement in performance of these optimized photo-anodes is checked and confirmed with different natural, synthetic, and cocktail sensitizers. The best natural dye-sensitized solar cell (NDSSC) device showed an efficiency of 4.65 % and the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device showed an efficiency of 5.78 %. This confirms the suitability of these green-synthesized TiO2 nanopowders as a promising material for photo-anode preparation that could work well for both NDSSC and DSSC. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Optical properties of MnTe2 few-layer quantum dots
Quantum dots (QDs) are gaining attention as a possible emissive material that might be used in flexible optoelectronic and photonic systems. In the present work, the temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL) property of manganese di-telluride (MnTe2) QDs was investigated. The room-temperature PL is attributed to the abrupt breakage of the large-area MnTe2 nanosheets by ultrasonication, which integrates defect-mediated localized trap states inside the electronic bandgap. As a result, deliberately generated defect states ultimately generate such PL emission of QDs. Density functional theory (DFT) results further validate the experimental interpretations of the origin of TDPL. In addition, through an in-situ liquid diffusion approach, the QDs were also integrated into a NaCl matrix. Due to light scattering properties, the hybrid crystals exhibit fluorescence centres at various excitation wavelengths. These results suggest that these MnTe2 QDs can be used as an effective basis for future flexible optoelectronic applications. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Controlled reaction time of TiO2 and cocktail co-sensitization for improved DSSC performance
Solar energy stands out as a promising alternative to traditional energy sources, with dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) proving to be a highly effective means of harnessing this renewable energy. However, recent studies highlight the efficacy of employing a photoanode with mixed phases of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in DSSCs. The conventional approach to preparing mixed-phase TiO2 involves a time-consuming process with high-temperature annealing. In the present work, a novel microwave-assisted solvothermal synthesis of mixed-phase TiO2, which significantly reduces the preparation time has been reported. Moreover, we have enhanced device performance by co-sensitizing carbon dots (CDs) with various natural dyes and synthetic dye. The device prepared using CDs co-sensitized with Brassica oleraceavar.capitataf.rubra exhibited comparable efficiency (3.66%) with that obtained for N719-sensitized DSSC (3.85%). Further improvement in efficiency (4.81%) was obtained on sensitizing CDs with N719 dye. The comprehensive analysis of device performance using these innovative methods represents a noteworthy advancement in the realm of solar energy harvesting, with unexplored possibilities that could shape the future of sustainable energy solutions. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Influence of social media marketing on the purchase intention of Gen Z
The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of social media marketing on the purchase intention of Gen Z. A self-administered questionnaire is developed and distributed to 424 respondents who are born after 1994. Independent sample t-test and multiple linear regression model are used for statistical data analysis. The study finds social media marketing more effective than the traditional method of marketing on Gen Z indicating that social media marketing has a positive impact on their purchase intention, brand awareness, product perception, brand loyalty and customer-business interactions. It also reveals that developing the brand awareness, brand loyalty, product perception and customer-business interactions through social media marketing can ultimately influence the purchase intention of Gen Z. This paper addresses the differences in the purchase intention of those who prefer social media ads over traditional ads. It also highlights the importance of social media in marketing communications which help companies in retaining their customers and optimising search engine rankings. 2019 SERSC. -
Benefits of cross training: Scale development and validity
Studies related to benefits of cross - training were mainly done either in the context of qualitative research or as comprehension of desk research. The literature scarcely covered the measurement issues, and thus, it became vital to quantify and develop a scale to measure the benefits of cross - training (BCT). Cross -training means training that covers multiple tasks within a department This training technique keeps employees prepared to handle more than a single Job for which they have been Initially hired. This concept Is also called 'worker multlfunctlonallty'. The study aimed to propose and validate an Instrument to measure BCT. The nrst section of the study was exploratory factor analysis (EFA) establishing the benefits of cross training through four dimensions namely Job Stability, Career Advancement, Networking, and Idle lime Management. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used in the second section to verify the factor structure of the observed variables. The results indicated that cross training the employees in an organization could help practitioners to adopt the same as a strategy in retaining the employees by saving on the costs of recruitment, selection, and staffing. The findings also suggested that cross training helped in securing a job, progressing in one's career, enabling better interaction among the employees, and efficiently managing the idle time in the organization. 2019, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Exploring loneliness in relation to attributional styles in children with locomotor disabilities
The concept of loneliness, as an experience with both cognitive and emotional components, has been scientifically extended to the child population only recently. With indications that loneliness can be reported by children as young as 5-7 years, it becomes relevant to examine this topic in children of specific populations. In this case, children with locomotor disabilities are examined. In addition, loneliness has been associated theoretically with the attributional style of an individual, wherein it is proposed that an internal-stable-global attributional style combines with other factors to predict greater loneliness. This research aimed at examining loneliness in relation to attributional styles in children with locomotor disabilities, studying in inclusive or integrated education settings in Bangalore. 30 children with locomotor disabilities were compared on scores of loneliness and attributional styles to 30 children without disabilities, using the Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire and the Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire - Revised. These scores were also analysed and results indicated that there was no significant difference in loneliness between children with locomotor disabilities and nondisabled peers. There was a significant difference in attributional styles between the two groups, and a negative correlation was found between loneliness and attributional styles in the children with locomotor disabilities. The implications of the research include the argument for attributional retraining to address loneliness Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. -
Study on radon concentration at the work places of Mysuru, Bengaluru and Kolar districts of Karnataka state, South India
Concentrations of radon, thoron and their progeny inside the working place depend on the activity of radionuclides in the soil, building materials, atmospheric conditions, construction of the building, type of work and ventilation condition. Radon is a radioactive noble gas, and it is emanated from 226Ra present in earth crest and building material. Based on the type of work, construction of the building and ventilation condition, concentrations of radon, thoron and their progeny have been measured in 60 workplaces at 10 locations of Mysuru, Bengaluru and Kolar districts of Karnataka state using Solid-State Nuclear Track Detector technique. From the study, variations of radon, thoron and their progeny have been observed with the nature of work. The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. -
Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of Air Circulation in a Non-AC Bus Coach System
Air circulation plays a vital role in the comfort of passengers in a bus, being a non-AC bus without any aid from the air conditioning system. The circulation of air is utterly dependent on the design of the bus and the natural flow of air. However, optimize the flow of air inside the bus, a study on the design of the bus is needed. In this regard, experimental work was carried out to achieve uniform airflow by redesigning the coach into an aerodynamic shape. The openings are provided at the leading edge of the bus to evaluate the best possibility for air to circulate in the bus. Three openings were provided at the leading edge of the bus, the first and second openings were mere openings, and the third opening was fitted with a roof vent providing three different geometric patterns to airflow. The initial boundary conditions were developed by considering that all windows and doors of the bus are closed. The scaling ratio of 1:20 was considered for modeling the bus. The experiments were conducted in the wind tunnel test rig. It was observed from the experimentation that the velocity of the air was considered to be the most influential parameter for the optimal air circulation. The velocities of 21.96 m/s and 22.68 m/s were obtained inside bus. The obtained experimental velocities were validated with results obtained by the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). It was observed that a deviation of 5% for the given velocity of 20 m/s. 2022 Materials and Energy Research Center. All rights reserved. -
Experimental Investigation of Air Circulation Using Duct System in a Non-AC Bus Coach
Public transport is the life line in many of the developing and under developed countries for the safe conveyance, i.e. also consider as economical. The major limitation in public transport (non-AC busses) Air Condition, is the lack of proper air circulation leading to suffocation and vomiting. The present research work emphasis on design and analysis of air flow duct system (non AC Busses) to increase the level of comfortance of the passengers, tools like solidworks software 2016 is used for 3D drawing, Hypermesh software 13.0 is for the discretization and ANSYS Fluent software 16.0 for the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis, from the experimental the airflow is found to be 10 m/s, and from the numerical analysis the airflow is found to be 9.8 m/s, by comparing the experimental and numerical results a negligible deviation of 2% is observed and it is within the limit. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Design and Analysis of Vertical Pressure Vessel using ASME Code and FEA Technique
In this project we are designing a pressure vessel using ASME section VIII and Division 2, designing a closed container to find the required thickness of the shell, head, nozzle and leg support. Uniform thickness assigned to the entire vessel, Modelling of the pressure vessel is carried out using Pro-e 2.0; meshing is carried out using Hypermesh 6.1. Here we used 2D Quad element for the meshing, Analysis is carried out using ANSYS Software 11 for two different cases, working pressure and Maximum operating pressure, fatigue analysis is carried out, and the result is 106. Finally, theoretical validation is carried out for the entire model, And the results are within the limit. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Design and Stress Analysis of the Frame for an Electric Bike
Global emissions have been on the rise since the industrial era because of the increased energy-intensive human activities, which is a direct cause of global warming and climate change. Of the total emissions, around 17% is from the transportation sector, which significantly contributes to the emissions. One of the easiest ways to be more sustainable is to choose electric vehicles instead of Internal combustion engines. Almost 75% of the vehicles registered in India are two-wheelers, but there are no affordable and reliable electric two-wheelers. This research works to optimize and analyze the design of a step-through frame design for an electric bicycle. The frame design is analyzed by providing boundary and loading conditions with two different materials (Steel-AISI4130 and Aluminum AL6061). The numerical analysis is carried out using ANSYS APDL. The result of von Mises stress is 166MPa and 160.4MPa for steel and aluminum, respectively. The result of stress and displacement is within the acceptable limit. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.