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Knee-Osteoarthritis Detection Using Deep Learning
Arthritis is a condition that causes pain, stiffness, inflammation, and other symptoms in one or more joints. It is more common in older adults and tends to worsen with age. There are different types of arthritis, but osteoarthritis is the most prevalent. A study discusses the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for detecting knee osteoarthritis. CNN is a deep learning algorithm that can analyze data and classify images accurately, like the human brain. The purpose of this study is to classify different knee X-ray images to predict the severity of the disorder, allowing for early detection and lifestyle changes to prevent the disease from worsening. An online tool has been developed to diagnose knee osteoarthritis and provide remedies based on various K-grade predictions. This tool can help patients understand their knee's condition and take necessary measures to manage the disease. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Knots of the umbilical cord: Incidence, diagnosis, and management
Knot(s) of the umbilical cord have received emphasis because the clinical assessments and sonographic literature show a crucial role in fetal outcomes. The true umbilical cord knot could be a knot in a singleton pregnancy or an entanglement of two umbilical cords in monoamniotic twins. Clinical manifestations are almost silent, which can raise clinical challenges. They worsen outcomes, and the pathology can be easily missed during prenatal visits because ultrasonographers do not pay attention to the cord during an obstetric ultrasound scan. However, most medical centers now have ultrasound machines that improve fetal assessment. The umbilical cord should be routinely evaluated during a fetal assessment, and suspicion of an umbilical cord knot can be more frequently diagnosed and is detected only incidentally. Clinical outcome is usually good but depends on the knot's characteristics and if it is tight or loose. In this review, we discuss pathophysiology, the theories on formation, the main risk factors, ultrasound signs and findings, different opinions in the management, and features of pregnancy outcomes feature. 2024 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. -
Knowing Discovery from Legal Documents Dataset using Text Mining Techniques
International Journal of Computer Applications Vol.66, No.23, pp. 32-34 ISSN No. 0975-8887 -
Knowing Human Gaze
Studies have examined the understanding of human gaze in animals. Gaze following in human infants has been successfully demonstrated, showing that infants can follow the eye direction of another though the ability to represent the intentions of gaze behaviour emerges only after the onset of object permanence or a period over eighteen months of age. Comparative studies indicate that gaze following or gazing at humans vary in different species of animals. Wolves for example were observed to look least at human experimenters during a performance task, whereas dogs turned to look more often and monkeys looked to a lesser extent at their experimenters. It is of interest to discuss that gaze following is different from understanding gaze. Dogs have been observed to be successful in gaze following and almost at par with young children. However, the intention of another's gaze is not as clearly understood by dogs as in humans. We (Ittyerah and Gaunet 2009) have shown that the response of dogs to the gaze of their caretakers did not differ between guide dogs of the blind and pet dogs of sighted people. Both groups of dogs seemed to have responded to the head direction of their caretakers during a search task, indicating that the visual status of the caretaker did not affect the dog's understanding of human gaze. Further some breeds of dogs may respond more often to gaze, while larger inter ocular distances in large dogs could facilitate their response to visual cues. Therefore awareness of interactions between breed and physical size could contribute to studying gaze and cognition among dogs. 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Knowing human gaze
Studies have examined the understanding of human gaze in animals. Gaze following in human infants has been successfully demonstrated, showing that infants can follow the eye direction of another though the ability to represent the intentions of gaze behaviour emerges only after the onset of object permanence or a period over eighteen months of age. Comparative studies indicate that gaze following or gazing at humans vary in different species of animals. Wolves for example were observed to look least at human experimenters during a performance task, whereas dogs turned to look more often and monkeys looked to a lesser extent at their experimenters. It is of interest to discuss that gaze following is different from understanding gaze. Dogs have been observed to be successful in gaze following and almost at par with young children. However, the intention of another's gaze is not as clearly understood by dogs as in humans. We (Ittyerah and Gaunet 2009) have shown that the response of dogs to the gaze of their caretakers did not differ between guide dogs of the blind and pet dogs of sighted people. Both groups of dogs seemed to have responded to the head direction of their caretakers during a search task, indicating that the visual status of the caretaker did not affect the dog's understanding of human gaze. Further some breeds of dogs may respond more often to gaze, while larger inter ocular distances in large dogs could facilitate their response to visual cues. Therefore awareness of interactions between breed and physical size could contribute to studying gaze and cognition among dogs. -
Knowledge of sexual abuse and resistance ability among children with intellectual disability
Background: Sexual abuse is a global concern among children with intellectual disabilities. Sexual abuse is frequent and long-lasting when the victim is a child with an intellectual disability. Moreover, the rate of sexual abuse is two to eight times the rate in the general population. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of sexual abuse and resistance ability among children with intellectual disabilities. Participants and setting: The study was conducted among 120 children with mild or moderate intellectual disabilities attending twelve schools for specific purposes. Methods: We adopted a cross-sectional design to assess knowledge and resistance ability. Personal Safety Questionnaire and Modified What If Situation Test were administered verbally during individual interviews. Institutional Ethics Committee approved our study. Results: Current study suggests that children with intellectual disabilities have average knowledge (M = 6.6, SD = 1.6) regarding sexual abuse. More than 90 % of children demonstrated poor reporting skills. Although children exhibited good knowledge in differentiating appropriate from inappropriate touch requests, most children reported they would not disclose this incident to anyone. Conclusions: This study strongly suggests the need for a structured training program for children with intellectual disabilities to prevent sexual abuse. 2022 Elsevier Ltd -
Knowledge or Personality: An Empirical Analysis of Behavioural Finance and Investor Cognitive Biases
This research attempts to analyze to what extent knowledge and tactics or enduring personality traits predict investor behaviour and cognitive biases in portfolio investment. This study is based on exploring a wide-ranging dataset: responses to a questionnaire survey together with transactional data of the same individual customers of an Indian stock company. From the questionnaire survey, the authors estimate measures of domain-general personality traits, such as the big five, as compared to the knowledge, financial literacy, competency, and attitude specific to investor equity trading. The results show the dominance of knowledge and tactics measures over personality-related measures when predicting nine different dependent variables of investment performance, investor cognitive biases, and portfolio investment activity. This research concludes with the discussion of the findings and with insights into theory and managerial implications. Copyright 2022, IGI Global. -
Knowledge society and the era of post-truth: Challenges to democracy
The future of any country in the contemporary era lies in its ability to harness the knowledge potential. The fruits of knowledge society have transformed the terrain of social and political scenario of countries around the world. Democracy as a form of government, to be successful, requires a critically-engaged and politically literate population. Democracy, therefore, requires not only political literacy but also media and digital literacies given the influence of media in our lives. If democracy is viewed as a relationship between knowledge and power, there needs to be a strong distinction between the ideas, the truth of power and the power of truth. The term, 'Post-truth', signifies that objective facts have become less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal beliefs. The political processes in various democracies seem to have become more managerial and technologically fixated. There has been significant erosion in the ideas of transparency of information and political leadership has become nothing but a propaganda exercise. The paper analyses how the information technology revolution and the surge of new media has impacted the political processes in democracies, and presents the phenomenon of post-truth as a threat to the modern democratic systems. 2019 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
Knowledge transfer: An information theory perspective
Personalization and codification are two dominant knowledge transfer (KT) mechanisms found in organizations and organizational networks. This paper proposes a theoretical model of KT that explains organizations' choice of KT mechanisms in terms of the tacitness of knowledge being shared and the corresponding information content. Shannon's entropy, an information theoretical concept, has been used to define the constructs of tacitness and information content and explain their influence on the choice of the corresponding KT mechanisms. Contributions of the paper include (a) use of information content as a predictor of the choice of KT mechanisms, (b) development of an expression for tacitness, and an intuitive explanation of the tacit-explicit continuum, (c) characterization of product variety in terms of information content, and (d) development of a KT theoretical model that can be operationalized for predicting the choice of KT mechanisms in real-life situations. 2017 The OR Society. -
Knowledge, Attitude, and Stigma Among Adolescents: Effect of Mental Health Awareness and Destigmatisation (MHAD) Program
Background: Stigma against mental health problems is a common issue for adolescents aged 1418 years. However, comprehensive programs that simultaneously address awareness and stigma reduction tailored to the specific needs of this age group are lacking. Method: This study investigated the effectiveness of the Mental Health Awareness and Destigmatisation Program (MHAD) in reducing stigma and improving knowledge and attitudes towards peers with mental health problems. A quasi-experimental pre-post design was employed among adolescents aged 1418 years from an educational institution in Bangalore. After excluding those with high baseline mental health symptoms (PSC-17 > 20), a preassessment was conducted on adolescents' knowledge, attitude, and stigma (n = 52) using the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule, Self-structured Case Vignettes, and Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale. After completing the 6-week program, three participants were excluded from the post-assessment, as their attendance was less than 50%. A total of 49 (mean age = 16 years) adolescents were included in the post-assessment. Results: The paired sample t-test revealed significant improvements in all stigma scores. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated a significant improvement in Recognition of Mental Illness scores. Conclusion: Findings showed that MHAD, an education-based program, was effective in reducing adolescents' stigma towards peers with mental health problems and improving their overall recognition of mental health symptoms. Research across larger adolescent populations is essential to enhance these interventions' long-term impact and sustainability. By closely monitoring and expanding research efforts, we can gain deeper insights into how these programs foster self-awareness, a crucial factor in recognizing mental health needs, challenging stigma, and promoting help-seeking behaviors among adolescents. 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. -
Knowledge, preparedness, and resilience related to end of life decision making among family caregivers of ICU patients
End-of-Life decision making is the process that is treating team, patients, and patients??? families go through when considering what treatments will or will not be used to treat a life-threatening illness. In India, End-of-Life Care is a new phenomenon and rarely investigated. The religious and societal attitudes and an absence of education in medical ethics can be seen as reasons for the underdevelopment of End-of-Life Care field. It seems that social workers, particularly who assist patients in Intensive care unit treatment have an important role to play in this regard. Social workers deliver assistance to the critically ill person and their family members as they get admission to the Intensive care unit, enhancing the conversation among treating group, patients and family members. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, preparedness and resilience among family caregivers related to End-of-Life decision making. This study utilizes a descriptive research design and purposive sampling method. The study includes 71 first degree relatives of patients who are significantly involved in caring of the patient and related to decision making. All the participants had their family members admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of St. John???s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru. This study found that there is minimal knowledge among family caregivers and they had no high level of preparedness. There is ethical concern along with finance and they seem to be confused about the decisions taken. Due to lack of awareness among the family caregivers, they surrender the patient to the treating team. Religious conflict is another aspect which is an obstacle to family caregivers for an End-of-Life decision making. The study also found that as the duration of Intensive Care Unit hospitalization increases the resilience among family caregiver???s decreases. It is important that Medical Social workers identify ways to improve End-of-Life care process through interventions. This can be achieved through training in Master of Social Work programs and by educating social workers. The study concludes that there is an immense gap between the family caregivers and the patient with regard to their knowledge on End-of-Life decision making. Hence, this study highlights the importance of Medical Social Worker in Intensive Care Unit to facilitate patient autonomy and the family caregivers??? decisions on the patient. -
KnowSOntoWSR: Web Service Recommendation System Using Semantically Driven QoS Ontology-Based Knowledge-Centred Paradigm
Web services have significantly expanded and become a key enabling technology for online data, application and resource sharing. Designing new methods for efficient and reliable web service recommendation has been of tremendous importance with the growing usage and prominence of web services. It would be ideal for a system to suggest online services that are in line with consumers preferences without requesting specific query information from them. Quality of Service (QoS) is vital for characterising non-functional aspects of Web services as they become more prevalent and widely used on the World Wide Web. The KnowSOntoWSR framework, which is built on a knowledge-driven and semantically inclined model that adheres to QoS ontology, is proposed in this research. AWS and WebSphere are employed as knowledge tags, and the powerful machine learning classifier XGBoost is applied. The features and recommendations are computed using the Twitter semantic similarity. The proposed framework outperforms the baseline models estimates with an accuracy of 95.94% and average F-measure of 95.93%. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Koppa Archaeological Research Project (KARP): Exclusive iron age landscape in the Western Ghats, India /
Archaeological Research In Asia, Vol.17, pp.173-180, ISSN No: 2352-2267. -
Koppa Archaeological Research Project (KARP): Exclusive Iron Age landscapes in the Western Ghats, India
Koppa Archaeological Research Project (KARP) conducted systematic transect surveys and excavations in the Coorg plateau at the upper reaches of river Kaveri in the Western Ghats, Karnataka. The archaeological record of the study area is exclusively an Iron Age landscape, as we did not find any other prehistoric or early historic sites. We focused on studying thirty-nine Iron Age (1200 BCE300 BCE) sites of two categories, habitation and megaliths, and we present here our preliminary observations addressing to site findings, their landscapes and settlement patterns. We then consider the geographical and climatic implications for understanding the formation of their economy and politics. We argue that sites in the Western Ghats did not differ significantly from the temporal and cultural material typologies of contemporary Iron Age sites in the semi-arid or savannah conditions of Deccan plateau. Yet the adaption of Iron Age communities to Western Ghats climate which is characterized by high rainfall, lush tropical forests, fallow lands and diverse faunal ecology should have had distinct implications for the development of their economy and politics. 2019 Elsevier Ltd -
Kubernetes for Fog Computing - Limitations and Research Scope
With the advances in communications, Internet of Everything has become the order of the day. Every application and its services are connected to the internet and the latency aware applications are greatly dependent on Fog Infrastructure with the cloud as a backbone. With these technologies, orchestration plays an important role in coordinating the services of an application. With multiple services contributing to a single application, the services may be deployed distributed in multiple server. Proper coordination with effective communication between the modules can improve the performance of the application. This paper deals with the need for orchestration, challenges, and tools with respect to edge/fog computing. Our proposed research solution in the area of intelligent pod scheduling is highlighted with the possible areas of research in Microservices for Fog infrastructure. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Kundanvar /
Patent Number: 202141037561, Applicant: Manjunath N.
The primary objective and the motto behind this invention of the device Kundanvar is for the safety of human beings during driving. It has been observed that many vehicles topple down due to the flat tire causing a huge devastation and a severe injury resulting in death of the pillion riders with regard to the two wheelers and with regard to the co-passengers in vehicles such as four wheelers, buses and trucks. [0002] As we all know vehicles travel at a huge speed in highways and any foreign particles like nuts, bolts, screws, nails entering the tire, may cause a huge devastation since the tire has heated up travelling for a long distance and a small particle entering will burst the tire causing a catastrophic injuries. -
Kunde Habba The Profane and the Sacred
[No abstract available] -
Kuriakose elias chavara in the formation of human capital and its impact on indian society
Developing knowledge societies encompasses personal, social, ethical and political dimensions, integrating all its members and promoting new forms of solidarity involving both present and future generations. Kuriakose Elias Chavara had realized the power of human capital formation for the integral development of the society and initiated pioneering efforts to develop human capital, and established two indigenous religious congregations, Carmelites of Mary Immaculate (CMI) for men and Congregation of the Mother of Carmel (CMC) for women. The objective of this paper is to synthesize the vision of Kuriakose Elias Chavara regarding the concept of human capital formation and examine its result based on vision actualization of CMC congregation and its members and institutions. The paper is divided into three sections; the first section discusses the meaning of human capital formation in the Kerala and Indian context. The second section deals with the human capital formation through the vision and mission of Chavara and the last section explains the human capital formation and women empowerment, and its impact on knowledge societies through CMC congregation. It explains the transformation of individuals inspired by the vision of founder and support of the Congregation, which brings tremendous changes in the society. 2019 Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore). -
L(t, 1)-colouring of graphs
One of the most famous applications of Graph Theory is in the field of Channel Assignment Problems. There are varieties of graph colouring concepts that are used for different requirements of frequency assignments in communication channels. We introduce here L(t, 1)-colouring of graphs. This has its foundation in T-colouring and L(p, q)-colouring. For a given finite set T including zero, an L(t, 1)-colouring of a graph G is an assignment of non-negative integers to the vertices of G such that the difference between the colours of adjacent vertices must not belong to the set T and the colours of vertices that are at distance two must be distinct. The variable t in L(t, 1) denotes the elements of the set T. For a graph G, the L(t, 1)-span of G is the minimum of the highest colour used to colour the vertices of a graph out of all the possible L(t, 1)-colourings. It is denoted by ?t,1(G). We study some properties of L(t, 1)-colouring. We also find upper bounds of ?t,1(G) of stars and multipartite graphs. I??k University, Department of Mathematics, 2022; all rights reserved. -
Label free electrochemical detection of stress hormone cortisol using sulphur doped graphitic carbon nitride on carbon fiber paper electrode
Sulphur doped graphitic carbon nitride (SGCN) was effectively prepared and comprehensively described. A straightforward synthetic process based on thermal condensation was reported for the synthesis of SGCN using thiourea as a precursor. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry were used to evaluate the electrochemical performance of cortisol. SGCN sheets were used to boost the electro-catalytic activity, exhibiting very exceptional electrochemical behaviour towards cortisol. As a result, we obtained a broad linear response range of 0.1-100 ?M, as well as a comparatively low detection limit (15.8 10?8 M). Furthermore, the fabricated SGCN/CFP electrode shows excellent selectivity in the presence of a large number of possible interfering species. SGCN comprises (C with N and S) heteroatoms, which most likely would have led to a better current response towards cortisol detection. Furthermore, the structural defects that generate additional active sites on the surface of SGCN may enhance the quick electron transfer that occurs during the oxidation of cortisol. 2022 The Royal Society of Chemistry.