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Redefining Online Commerce With AI-Powered Shopping Agents
The importance of artificial intelligence has rapidly changed the world of online commerce and turned digital shopping into a predictive and personalized practice. One of the most significant changes is the application of AI to create shopping agent intelligent machines helping consumers at every stage of the buying process by suggesting purchases, comparing products, and automating the process. This chapter discusses how AI agents of shopping are transforming e-commerce through redefining consumer behaviour, and making new types of online interaction possible. Based on a systematic literature review of the scholarly literature and industry practices, the chapter discusses the most important applications, including personalized recommendations, dynamic pricing, AR-driven virtual try-ons, and autonomous purchasing systems. The research comes up with the conclusion that, AI shopping agents are no longer considered an optional addition, but a strategic collaborator in contemporary commerce, although their implementation should be supported by moral values, transparency, and human supervision. Copyright 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Total k-rainbow domination in graphs
In the modem world a huge concern among people is about their security\ People in the planning and execution focus much about proper security. This is a paper on the Mathematical aspects of some type of security enhancement. If a system is have various nodes and if there is availability of multiple types of security instruments, how will we ensure that every security is used to secure every node in an optimal way? We answer this question here by defining a graph theoretic model named Total k-Rainbow Domination. Here k stands for k types of security instruments. Easiest case is that of k types of cops. We define the optimal value as total k-rainbow domination number. Total k-rainbow domination numbers of certain graphs are calculated. IAEME Publication. -
Energy Harvesting Using ZnO Nanosheet-Decorated 3D-Printed Fabrics
In this work, we decorated piezoresponsive atomically thin ZnO nanosheets on a polymer surface using additive manufacturing (three-dimensional (3D) printing) technology to demonstrate electrical-mechanical coupling phenomena. The output voltage response of the 3D-printed architecture was regulated by varying the external mechanical pressures. Additionally, we have shown energy generation by placing the 3D-printed fabric on the padded shoulder strap of a bag with a load ranging from ?5 to ?75 N, taking advantage of the excellent mechanical strength and flexibility of the coated 3D-printed architecture. The ZnO coating layer forms a stable interface between ZnO nanosheets and the fabric, as confirmed by combining density functional theory (DFT) and electrical measurements. This effectively improves the output performance of the 3D-printed fabric by enhancing the charge transfer at the interface. Therefore, the present work can be used to build a new infrastructure for next-generation energy harvesters capable of carrying out several structural and functional responsibilities. 2023 American Chemical Society. -
Prospective applications of two-dimensional materials beyond laboratory frontiers: A review
The development of nanotechnology has been advancing for decades and gained acceleration in the 21st century. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are widely available, giving them a wide range of material platforms for technological study and the advancement of atomic-level applications. The design and application of 2D materials are discussed in this review. In order to evaluate the performance of 2D materials, which might lead to greater applications benefiting the electrical and electronics sectors as well as society, the future paradigm of 2D materials needs to be visualized. The development of 2D hybrid materials with better characteristics that will help industry and society at large is anticipated to result from intensive research in 2D materials. This enhanced evaluation might open new opportunities for the synthesis of 2D materials and the creation of devices that are more effective than traditional ones in various sectors of application. 2023 The Authors -
Strain-Induced Tribocatalytic Activity of 2D ZnO Quantum Dots
The use of low-frequency vibration or high-frequency ultrasound waves to create polarization and an inherent electric field in piezo-tribocatalysts has recently been shown to be a novel advanced oxidation process. In this study, we have demonstrated the synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) ZnO quantum dots (QDs) and their strain-induced tribocatalytic effect, where the triboelectric charges generated under the influence of friction and strain are used to facilitate the decomposition of organic dye molecules. The catalytic performance of 2D QD catalysts can be tuned by modulation of the strain-induced band-gap variation, which are typically regarded as the active sites. The underlying mechanism for the strain-induced catalytic performance is due to the presence of defective dipole moments. Detailed theoretical investigations reveal strain-induced charge-transfer-dependent catalytic properties of the 2D ZnO QD-polymer interface. We believe that the present work provides a fundamental understanding of the design of high-performance catalysis applications for water cleaning and emerging technologies. 2024 American Chemical Society. -
2D Materials Coated Flexible Origami for Low-Frequency Energy Harvesting
Wave energy is one of the most abundant energy sources. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are becoming more popular for sustainable energy generation from waves. Concerning the renewable energy demands, we focus on developing cost-effective and adaptable origami-TENGs (O-TENGs) for harvesting wave energy, specifically utilizing paper-based (cellulose) materials. An origami-inspired lightweight and scalable design is proposed to create high-performance O-TENGs suitable for the complex conditions of low-frequency wave excitation. The paper-based spring-like O-TENG is coated with two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and demonstrates efficacy in harvesting mechanical energy in the ambient environment and the output performance compared with reduced graphene oxides (rGO). A detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculation was used to analyze the charge transfer mechanism in the coated origami structures. Furthermore, a barrel-shaped floating generator incorporating multiple origami TENGs is introduced to capture ocean wave energy across various frequencies, amplitudes, and directional movements. Since the coated origami structures show a good self-rebounding spring-like nature and energy harvesting properties, they are suitable for blue energy harvesting. 2025 American Chemical Society. -
Plasmonic Nanocomposite for Visible Light-Modulated Bimorph-Actuator
Soft actuators have great potential applications in sophisticated movement and sensitive devices due to their flexible nature, good interaction, and precise control. However, existing carbon-based optical actuators are limited in their response under visible light irradiation. The limited visible light absorbance of the carbon nanostructure brought the metallic nanoparticle into the soft actuators that can absorb visible light. This study introduces a new type of plasmonic photothermal-bimorph actuator, using graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and silver nanorods (Ag NRs) to overcome the limitations of traditional optical actuators. The bimorph film is actuated by visible and near-infrared light stimuli with various power densities showing reversible deformation behavior. The actuator shows significant bending associated with a ?50 change in bending angle under visible light irradiation with a response time of ?5 1 sec. Furthermore, a smart photo-controlled non-contact switch is fabricated based on photo-thermal conversion properties, demonstrating perfect integration of plasmonic bimorph actuators. The density functional theory based molecular dynamics calculations provide an additional understanding of the bending of actuators under external stimulus. Using illustrative demonstrations of actuators, these results hint at a method for generating multipurpose visible light-based soft robots, supporting a new approach to developing an optical locking system. 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Spontaneous hydrogen production using gadolinium telluride
Developing materials for controlled hydrogen production through water splitting is one of the most promising ways to meet current energy demand. Here, we demonstrate spontaneous and green production of hydrogen at high evolution rate using gadolinium telluride (GdTe) under ambient conditions. The spent materials can be reused after melting, which regain the original activity of the pristine sample. The phase formation and reusability are supported by the thermodynamics calculations. The theoretical calculation reveals ultralow activation energy for hydrogen production using GdTe caused by charge transfer from Te to Gd. Production of highly pure and instantaneous hydrogen by GdTe could accelerate green and sustainable energy conversion technologies. 2023 -
Enhanced Light Scattering Using a Two-Dimensional Quasicrystal-Decorated 3D-Printed Nature-Inspired Bio-photonic Architecture
A number of strategies have been exploited so far to trap photons inside living cells to obtain high-contrast imaging. Also, launching light inside biological materials is technically challenging. Using photon confinement in a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biomimetic architecture in the presence of a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) promoter can overcome some of these issues. This work compares optical confinement in natural and 3D-printed photonic architectures, namely, fish scale, in the presence of atomically thin Al70Co10Fe5Ni10Cu5 quasicrystals (QCs). Due to their wideband LSPR response, the QCs work as photon scattering hotspots. The architecture acts as an additive source of excitation for the two-dimensional (2D) QCs via total internal reflection (TIR). The computational analysis describes the surface plasmon-based scattering property of 2D QCs. The 3D-printed fish scale's image contrast with the 2D Al70Co10Fe5Ni10Cu5 QC has been compared with other 2D materials (graphene, h-BN, and MoS2) and outperforms them. The present study conceptually presents a new approach for obtaining high-quality imaging of biological imaging, even using high-energy photons. 2023 American Chemical Society. -
2D MnTe/rGO Hybrid Structure for Moisture Energy Harvesting
The development and widespread use of wind, solar, geothermal, and other renewable energy sources have increased the supply of clean, green electricity while reducing environmental strain. Extracting renewable energy from continuously available humid air is a potential pathway for a sustainable future. Here, we explore the use of two-dimensional (2D) manganese telluride (MnTe) hybrid structures with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), for absorbing moisture and atmospheric humidity. The resistance of the 2D hybrid structures increases with moisture exposure and decreases upon moisture removal, suggesting their suitability for humidity-controlled power devices. The optimized thickness of the composites exhibits the highest response under moisture exposure due to the interfacial charge transfer. The MnTe/rGO hybrid structure also absorbs a low amount of moisture from ambient humid (RH ? 90%) air, resulting in electrical output up to ?125 mV within ?15 s. Furthermore, the study hints at the potential of 2D MnTe for energy harvesting from moisture and sustainable power sources. We used density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the systems ability to transfer charge. In situ Raman spectroscopy and imaging techniques further confirm the effect of moisture on a hybrid surface. These findings lay the foundation for developing an efficient nanogenerator that can find applications in wearable electronics and environmental monitoring systems. The study contributes to materials science and offers a pathway towards developing sustainable and efficient electronic devices and environmental monitoring systems. 2025 American Chemical Society. -
2D Materials Coated Flexible Origami for Low-Frequency Energy Harvesting
Wave energy is one of the most abundant energy sources. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are becoming more popular for sustainable energy generation from waves. Concerning the renewable energy demands, we focus on developing cost-effective and adaptable origami-TENGs (O-TENGs) for harvesting wave energy, specifically utilizing paper-based (cellulose) materials. An origami-inspired lightweight and scalable design is proposed to create high-performance O-TENGs suitable for the complex conditions of low-frequency wave excitation. The paper-based spring-like O-TENG is coated with two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and demonstrates efficacy in harvesting mechanical energy in the ambient environment and the output performance compared with reduced graphene oxides (rGO). A detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculation was used to analyze the charge transfer mechanism in the coated origami structures. Furthermore, a barrel-shaped floating generator incorporating multiple origami TENGs is introduced to capture ocean wave energy across various frequencies, amplitudes, and directional movements. Since the coated origami structures show a good self-rebounding spring-like nature and energy harvesting properties, they are suitable for blue energy harvesting. 2025 American Chemical Society. -
Plasmonic Nanocomposite for Visible Light-Modulated Bimorph-Actuator
Soft actuators have great potential applications in sophisticated movement and sensitive devices due to their flexible nature, good interaction, and precise control. However, existing carbon-based optical actuators are limited in their response under visible light irradiation. The limited visible light absorbance of the carbon nanostructure brought the metallic nanoparticle into the soft actuators that can absorb visible light. This study introduces a new type of plasmonic photothermal-bimorph actuator, using graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and silver nanorods (Ag NRs) to overcome the limitations of traditional optical actuators. The bimorph film is actuated by visible and near-infrared light stimuli with various power densities showing reversible deformation behavior. The actuator shows significant bending associated with a ?50 change in bending angle under visible light irradiation with a response time of ?5 1 sec. Furthermore, a smart photo-controlled non-contact switch is fabricated based on photo-thermal conversion properties, demonstrating perfect integration of plasmonic bimorph actuators. The density functional theory based molecular dynamics calculations provide an additional understanding of the bending of actuators under external stimulus. Using illustrative demonstrations of actuators, these results hint at a method for generating multipurpose visible light-based soft robots, supporting a new approach to developing an optical locking system. 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Effects of central bank intervention through quasi fiscal policies evidence from reserve bank of zimbabwe
This was a research exercise which was conducted to establish the impact of newlineZimbabwe s Central Bank s interventions on the economy. As Zimbabwe s economic newlinecondition went through a nose-dive, the government found itself unable to respond to newlinethe numerous needs with no resources. The country was achieving negative gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate every year since the turn of the new millennium. The country could not borrow from the Bretton Woods institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) because of the illegal sanctions imposed by the United States and European Union following the country s land reform program which acquired farms from the majority of the 4,000 white farmers who owned about 80 percent of the country s arable area. The Zimbabwe Economic and Democracy newlineRecovery Act of 2001 (ZEDERA), enacted in the USA prevented American companies from doing business in Zimbabwe. The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe stepped in to assist. The research was aimed at establishing the effect the central bank intervention on the economy. Was the effect of the intervention good, or bad? Did the central bank s intervention really make things worse or did it ameliorate the effects of the downturn in the economy? For newlineinstance, did it contribute to the increase in inflation? What would have been the newlinesituation had the Bank not intervened? This study sought to answer the basic question: newline What was the overall impact of the RBZ s quasi-fiscal activities on the Zimbabwean newlineeconomy? Hypotheses were formulated on the basis of the above objectives and were tested newlinevia a variety of statistical techniques. The research instruments for data collection newlinewere a questionnaire and interviews guides. The questionnaire was the main research newlineinstrument followed by interviews. The questionnaire had a fusion of open ended and newlineclosed questions. The research showed that the RBZ s quasi-fiscal operations helped newlinethe country most in containing emergency situations and improved access to financial newlineresources by the productive sectors. -
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Development of pluronic F127 and folic acid coated TiO2nanoparticles for antimicrobial and anticancer applications
Functionalizing metal oxide nanoparticles with polymers and folic acid enhances eco-friendly synthesis, therapeutic efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. This study reports the green synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO?) and folic acidPluronic F127modified TiO?(TiPFFA) nanoparticles usingPsidium guajavaleaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that both nanoparticles crystallized in the rutile phase. Morphological characterization by FESEM and TEM showed that the nanoparticles were spherical with uniform size distribution. FTIR spectroscopy showed TiOTi (789cm?1) and TiO (666cm?1) for TiO?; TiPFFA had extra peaks at 951 and 640cm?1, confirming the lattice. PL spectra exhibited emission peaks at 518nm (TiO?) and 520nm (TiPFFA), indicating oxygen vacancies linked to reactive oxygen species generation. Antimicrobial tests against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus andCandida albicansshowed superior activity of TiPFFAnanoparticles compared to TiO?. Cytotoxicity assays on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and L929 fibroblast cells demonstrated enhanced anticancer activity and better biocompatibility for TiPFFA. These findings highlight TiPFFA nanoparticles as promising candidates for targeted cancer therapy and as antimicrobial agents. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
A CRITICAL STUDY IN UNDERSTANDING THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL FINANCIAL APPLICATION IN ENHANCING THE ACCOUNTING PERFORMANCE IN ORGANISATIONS
Failure to innovate in this era of rapid IT growth is a significant obstacle to the modernization and growth of industries and increases the competitiveness of such organizations in the market. Strong innovation and competence are more than necessary to turn innovative ideas into reality, gain new competitive advantages and achieve sustainable long-term growth. Innovation is not only an important tool for companies to increase their competitiveness, it is also an important driver of long-term economic growth for a country. Regular engagement in high-quality innovation activities should be mandatory for organizations that intend to successfully adapt to today's fast-paced digital economy. If companies want to improve their chances of survival in the coming years and continue to grow, they need to invest in their innovation capabilities. Many companies now operate under the assumption that updating their accounting systems with advanced software will provide better results than relying on old, time-honored methods. Concrete steps are needed, such as developing powerful data-driven tools to improve how individuals, organizations and governments spend their money. Beginners still have to put in the effort to learn new skills because they often have trouble imagining using a device they've never used before to accomplish a task. Due to the increased automation of this financial system, the risk of error has increased; So it is very important. In fact, you can manage your needs exactly with this tool. 2024 Published by Faculty of Engineering. -
The aesthetics of corpses in popular culture
[No abstract available] -
The Informal Sector in India: Neo-dualism and Dual Policy Response
While the Indian economy grows steadily, its transformation reveals a disturbing pattern. Despite a continuing shift of labour out of agriculture, most of the employment expansion in the non-agricultural sector is concentrated within the low-income-generating informal sector. Dominant discourses consider that this prevalence of the informal sector (and informal employment in general) could be mitigated through economic growth complemented by some institutional reforms. However, our detailed observations on India show that the informal sector is expanding in tandem with the overall capitalist growth driven by the formal sector. We found that an expansion of the formal sector engenders a spread of informality along with its dual (intra-sectoral) tendencies of progression and persistence. While the formal sector-linked relatively large-sized informal firms are progressing, the vast petty-informal segment is trapped in stagnancy. This scenario calls for product-specific cluster formations involving millions of rural-urban petty informal firms. The clusters could be a collective and cohesive instrument to resist the aggressive formal sector dominated by big capital. On the other hand, the formal sector-linked advanced segment of the informal sector can be developed by inducing such linkages. Thus, a dual intra-sectoral trend necessitates a dual policy response. 2026 selection and editorial matter, Sejuti Das Gupta, Shouvik Chakraborty and Taposik Banerjee; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Fake news and its impacts on businesses: Political communication, propaganda, and economic implications
Fake news and disinformation have become powerful tools in political communication, particularly in the context of populism and digital propaganda. While misinformation has always been part of political strategy, digital platforms have intensified its spread, allowing political actors to construct narratives that manipulate public opinion, mobilize support, and delegitimize opponents. This study examines fake news as a politically constructed phenomenon, exploring how digital populism and propaganda use disinformation to reinforce ideological divides and influence democratic processes. Using a constructivist framework, we analyze how fake news is socially produced and legitimized within political discourse, shaping perceptions of truth and power. We also investigate how major social media platforms profit from misinformation while simultaneously positioning themselves as arbiters of truth. By focusing on the intersection of political communication, propaganda, and economic incentives, this research highlights the role of digital media in sustaining misinformation ecosystems. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
SentimentViz: Leveraging RoBERTa in Python for Advanced Sentiment Analysis and Decision-Making for a Famous Indian FMCG (Ayurvedic) Brand
Indian consumer preferences for Ayurvedic brands increasingly turn to the marketplace for well-being. Ayurveda has a deep-rooted history in emerging economies like India, and its increasing role in health, wellness, and exports contributes to Indias economic development. The consumption and changing lifestyle patterns significantly contribute to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The primary objective of this study is to explore consumer sentiment that includes perceptions, feelings, and attitudes toward these natural healthcare products contributing to specific SDG targets, leading to good health and well-being. In a data-driven world where governments and businesses seek insights from vast amounts of unstructured text data, sentiment analysis plays a pivotal role in decision-making. Sentiment analysis helps analyze different aspects of unstructured data, including customer experience and insights generated in terms of usage, challenges, and preferences and ultimately helps manage customer engagement. The sentiment analysis requires understanding the context, grouping similar words, removing unrelated content, and then gauging the sentiment of the text. There has always been a challenge to contextualize and gauze the deeper sentiments and create scalable solutions. To build on this need for deeper sentiment understanding and scalable solutions, SentimentViz is a proposed accelerator as part of this paper that leverages Python and chooses the best methodology for text-mining problems. It enables real-time analysis with robust visualization capabilities: In this study, the SentimentViz accelerator is leveraged to estimate the sentiment of 9 products using a robust data science framework and best-of-the-class ML techniques. The detailed consumer sentiment analysis helped to develop a deeper understanding of the value of FMCG (Ayurvedic products) for an emerging economy like India. This will help marketers build targeted marketing campaigns, brand health monitoring, and customer retention strategies through informed decisions. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.