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K-12 schools campus, food service, and transportation directors COVID-19 and current challenges
This study examines the COVID-19 experiences of K-12 school campus directors, especially in terms of building and grounds, transportation, and food services from the Midwestern United States. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed to online education mode and implemented safety protocols to ensure equitable access to K-12 education. School directors play a crucial role in United Statess school administration. The researchers used a mixed method research design and purposive sampling. The sample included 9 school-grounds directors, 34 food service directors, and 31 transportation directors. A 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was prepared by the researchers to collect the relevant data for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. While revealing their experiences, various school directors mentioned that key challenges are reliable sources of information for them to work, inequities in resource allocation, finance allocation, and lack of professional training. The survey highlighted the need for several resources, including federal and state funding, teacher professional development programs, and community partnerships that support K-12 education. School directors addressed challenges regarding transportation, buildings, grounds, and food services during COVID-19. The study revealed the need for systemic policy changes and communication resources to create resilient and adaptive learning environments for K-12 education. Eventually, the study recommended that policymakers and educational leaders bring changes to K-12 infrastructure to withstand crises like COVID-19. 2026, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved. -
Impact of online cooperative learning strategies on self-directed learning among pre-service teachers
Self-directed learning (SDL) often drives learners to engage with what they want to learn. Thus, investigating teaching-learning strategies that drive SDL gains importance in this technology-driven era. The present study investigates the impact of online cooperative learning (OCL) strategies on SDL skills among pre-service teachers (PST). The study engaged 130 PSTs using a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design with a pretest and posttest. The study divided PST into a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group underwent OCL strategy, and the control group had a traditional online lecture method. The researchers measured the SDL of PST using the SDL scale. The paired sample t-test results indicated a significant enhancement in SDL skills among the experimental group compared to the control group. The findings underscore the importance of integrating cooperative learning (CL) strategies in online instruction to foster SDL ability among learners. Further studies may create user-friendly features in video-conferencing platforms that provide more opportunities to engage students with CL pedagogies. 2025, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved. -
Teachers professional development on student achievement: perceptions of district superintendents of schools in USA
The perceptions of school superintendents on planning and designing of school teachers professional development programmes (PDP) place a crucial role in inservice teacher development. The present study aimed to examine the school superintendents perceptions towards professional development of teachers based on students academic achievement. The study employed quantitative descriptive research design which included descriptive and inferential statistics to interpret the superintendents perceptions on teachers professional development plan. The researchers utilized quntitiatve surveys to gather data from 128 public school superintendents and captured their perceptions on Teachers PDPs. Findings reported that superintendents perceived PDPs must integrate knowledge on student achievemet, skills needed, and worthwhile-content mastery. Study further revealed that, students academic achievement details can provide accurate components to be included in teachers PDP. Future researchers may explore the evidence-based planning of PDPs to motivate the teachers active participation in professional growth activities. 2025, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved. -
Museum visit as an academic engagement activity: teachers perspective
The educational value of museums are immense as they are the storehouse of artifacts depicting history, culture, and science. Teachers must tap this resource to provide students the experiential learning. Bangalore is one of the metropolitan cities of India, hosting variety of museums where artifacts related to various school subjects such as history, geography, science, art, culture, technology, and music are found. Therefore, the present study aims to find out the teachers' perspective on museum visits as an academic engagement activity and a resource for experiential learning. The study employed a descriptive survey design to understand school teachers' perspectives on museum visits in Bangalore. A convenient sampling method yielded 200 complete responses from school teachers. The study revealed that despite knowing about the field trip to museum as a source of learning, teachers revealed several constraints in organization and implementation of such visits. Having understood teachers perspective, study suggests future research may delve into students' learning engagement on a field trip. 2025, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved. -
Vocational training for women empowerment: Saint Kuriakose Elias Chavaras vision
The present study attempted to describe the initiatives of Saint (St.) Kuriakose Elias Chavara on vocational training and womens empowerment. The study narrated the present condition of one of his vocational training initiatives known as rosary-making, which is in vogue at Koonammavu Village in Kerala state, India. The study employed a multi-method research design approach to carry out the present study. It included historical, qualitative, and quantitative methods in sequence. In the historical method, the study employed document analysis of primary and secondary sources. As a part of the qualitative method, the study conducted a semi-structured interview with 10 rosary-making entrepreneurs in Koonammavu. As a part of the quantitative method, the study administered a questionnaire to 100 families who are actively involved in the rosary-making business. Document analysis revealed that St. Chavaras initiative on rosary-making vocational training for nuns was a contribution to womens empowerment. Narrative thematic analysis revealed 5 main themes and 10 subthemes in Chavaras contribution. Quantitative data revealed that rosary-making emerged as a livelihood, business, and source of income for many families. The study recommends future researchers focus on all the initiatives of St. Chavara in the realm of vocational training and womens empowerment. 2025, Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. All rights reserved. -
Hybrid Renewable Source Powered Dual Input Single Output Converter With High Voltage Gain for Rural Healthcare Facilities
Rural dwellers need a well-equipped healthcare service for a decent life. Most of the rural areas located in southern parts of India away from the grid connection thereby lack in electricity. Unreliable electric power leads to the limited access or inaccessibility of most essential medical equipment in the clinic. The deficiency has also reduced rural healthcare centers ethics criteria. This research work finds all the available resources in the rural healthcare clinic and proposes hybrid solar PV source and supercapacitor-based approaches to make sure of reliable energy access and uninterrupted power supply. Any healthcare facilities include an emergency room, waiting hall, nursing room, consulting room, delivery room, male and female room, and a testing lab. It may take a daily average energy consumption of 16 kWh with 3 kW peak demand. In the input side, solar PV system with an H-type clamped capacitorbased boost converter is proposed for the reduction of input current ripples and power switch conduction losses. At the load side, a capacitor with a switch (switched capacitor) is considered to reduce voltage stress of the components present in the topology and to attain high gain. This research work adopts interleaved structure-based capacitors for current ripple reduction, and the series structure is considered to attain high gain. The proposed novel converter takes the input voltage of 40 V and produces the output voltage of 280 V. The DC link output is then connected with the voltage source inverter (VSI) to get a desired output. The proposed novel converter is employed to run a 3? induction motor for the AC load with the rating of 400 V, 15 A AC power. MATLAB R2015a software is preferred for the simulation analysis. Copyright 2025 K. M. D. Riyaz Ali et al. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
VLSI Implementation of High-Speed and Area-Efficient Multiplierless Address Generation Architecture for Deinterleaver in WiMAX Applications
This paper presents a VLSI implementation of a high-speed, area-efficient, multiplierless address generation architecture for the WiMAX deinterleaver, conforming to the IEEE 802.16e standard. The primary motivation of this work is to reduce hardware complexity and delay by eliminating multipliers, which are traditionally used in address generation. The proposed architecture is designed for FPGA and ASIC platforms, emphasizing simplicity, reduced latency, and efficient hardware utilization. The design supports standard modulation schemesQPSK, 16-QAM, and 64-QAMwith their respective code rates. Two key performance evaluations were conducted: Score 1, which refers to FPGA implementation on the Xilinx XC3S400, demonstrated a 13% increase in speed, and Score 2, based on ASIC analysis using 45-nm CMOS technology, and achieved improvements of 17% in power delay product (PDP) and 22% in area delay product (ADP) over existing architectures. These results confirm the architectures effectiveness for high-speed, low-power applications in modern communication systems. Copyright 2025 Vivek Karthick Perumal et al. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Optimizing Resource Allocation in Smart Healthcare Edge Networks Using Federated Swarm Intelligence and Artificial Neural Networks
Smart healthcare edge networks should be able to serve two purposes at once: to train federated machine learning models across a range of devices without violating patient privacy and to schedule other activities with latency constraints, like real-time patient events. Such methods as FFL-ANN attempt this by using fixed fuzzy rules, which do not work in the situation where the conditions of the network change in an unforeseen manner. In this paper, the framework FSI-ANN is introduced to combine particle swarm optimization to quality-aware model aggregation with ant colony optimization to adaptive real-time task scheduling and ANN-based predictions into a single framework. We experimented with FSI-ANN on 200 edge devices. It achieved 0.825 precision compared with 0.82 with FedAvg and 0.80 with FFL-ANN and reduced inference latency by 18%, 0.370.45 s. Throughput was maintained at 33 tasks/sec as compared with 27 of FedAvg. At burst load, the miss rate of the critical deadline was decreased by 90.2 percent and the energy consumed was decreased by 14.8% per round. The results suggest that adaptive learning using swarm is superior to the fixed rule-based approaches and simple averaging in the distribution of resources at the sustainable healthcare advantage. Copyright 2026 K. Praghash et al. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Multivariate optimization of electrochemical sensing parameters for bisphenol a detection using an AgNPs/g-C3N4/IL@GCE via box-behnken design
We developed an electrochemical sensor for detecting BPA using AgNPs/g-C3N4/IL@GCE. Graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized by the calcination of melamine at 550 C. In contrast AgNPs were synthesized via a green tea extract method, and the nanocomposite was dropcast onto the GCE surface along with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate (BMIM-MeSO4) ionic liquid as a binder. Morphology was characterized, and response surface methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used as a concurrent strategy to optimize pH, scan rate, and deposition time. Independent validation experiments conducted at multiple interior points within the design space showed good agreement between predicted and experimental responses, with prediction errors of 6.29%-10.11% for oxidation peak current and 1.63%-5.24% for oxidation potential. Applying the optimized conditions, the sensor linearized BPA detection over the concentration range of 1-10 ?M, with a limit of detection of 0.66 ?M, and a limit of quantification of 2.20 ?M. The sensor showed excellent recovery (99.16%-102.26%) of BPA present in real water samples. The improved electrocatalytic activity of the sensor interfaces was due to the synergistic effects of AgNPs and g-C3N4. The novelty of this research was the use of an RSM-BBD approach to systematically optimize a green synthesized AgNPs/g-C3N4 nanocomposite electrode, enabling predictive modelling to show reasonable electrochemical sensitivity towards BPA detection. 2026 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights. -
Engineered MOF-199 Modified Electrodes for Enhanced Electrochemical Immunosensing of Lactoferrin via Signal Amplification
The detection of lactoferrin (LF), an essential immunological and nutritional biomarker, demands highly sensitive analytical platforms for low-level detection. In this study, a label-free electrochemical immunosensing platform was constructed by immobilizing anti-lactoferrin antibodies (Anti-LF-Ab) on a multiwalled carbon nanotube and a metalorganic framework (MWCNT/MOF-199) nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The synergy between MWCNTs and MOF-199 provided abundant active sites for antibody immobilization and enhanced electron transfer, yielding an eightfold current increase compared to bare GCE. Electrochemical analyses confirmed efficient charge transfer and stable antibody binding. Under optimized conditions, the immunosensor exhibited exceptional analytical performance with a low detection limit of 5.24 ng ml?1 and a quantification limit of 17.46 ng ml?1 across a wide detection range of 050 ng ml?1. The platform demonstrated strong analytical reliability, including excellent repeatability (RSD < 5%), reproducibility and operational stability over multiple measurement cycles for LF detection in food diagnostics. In addition, Monte Carlo simulations confirmed the stability of the layer-by-layer assembly, supporting the robustness of the engineered sensing interface. 2025 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited. -
Phyto-Electrochemical Mapping of Indian Cappers: Redox Mediator Application on Mesoporous Carbon Based Electrodes
Indian Cappers (IC), often known for its wide range of applications as a medicinal plant, is an essential spice with phenolic phytochemical attributes. These are plausibly electrochemically redox active in nature. The redox moiety of phytochemicals can be exploited as a green route electron-transfer mediator, rather than conventional chemical redox mediators. Herein, mesoporous carbon-assisted electrochemical redox mapping of a phytochemical using IC plant is reported. A well-defined redox peak for IC-redox with E0 = 0.2 V is observed with a surface excess (?) value of 44.8 109 mol cm?2. Physico-chemical characterization is carried out to provide a detailed analysis of IC redox-based constituents. Furthermore, the fabricated IC sensor is used for the electrocatalytic oxidation of Ascorbic acid (AA) as a model system for preparing electrochemical sensors. The prepared sensor gave a notable oxidation peak for AA at E?= 220 mV with a sensitivity value of 0.0385 ?A/?M in the range of 0?1000 ?M. This work is a preliminary experiment for on-site testing of ascorbic acid in blood serum samples as a point of care testing. Additionally, the Cappers showed appreciable antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, producing clear inhibition zones even without the use of antibiotics. 2025 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved. -
High Performance Ferrocene Immobilized Electrodes for the Synthesis of 3-Acetyl Coumarin: A Sustainable Approach
An electrocatalyst was developed for the synthesis of 3-acetyl coumarin, a known anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial compound, by constructing and employing an electrocatalyst with immobilized ferrocenyl aniline onto electro-polymerized anthranilic acid, on a carbon fiber paper electrode. The effectiveness of the modified carbon fiber paper electrode was assessed by analyzing its physicochemical and electrochemical properties, using optical profilometry, field-emission scanning electron spectroscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltametric techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) respectively. 3-acetyl coumarin was synthesized using salicylaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate as starting materials in the presence of piperidine, with lithium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte and ethanol as solvent, at potentiostatic conditions. The reaction was carried out in a three-electrode, single compartment system, at ambient conditions for three hours by using a constant potential of ?1.4 V. The product was purified by column chromatography and characterized by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The developed electrode was found to be highly efficient towards the synthesis of 3-acetyl coumarin with a good yield of 78%, thereby proving the efficiency and selectivity of the process. 2025 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved. -
Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Detection of Atrazine in Water Samples Using Chitosan-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles
Atrazine, a slow-degrading herbicide needs constant monitoring and control as it causes carcinogenicity and reproductive abnormalities. This study presents a new electrochemical sensor designed to detect atrazine in water with high precision. The sensor uses a special technique called molecular imprinting along with chitosan-stabilized palladium nanoparticles on a glassy carbon electrode. The PdNPs enhance the electroactive surface area and thus the number of interaction sites for the analyte. Different material characterization techniques were used to characterize the formulated PdNPs. Molecularly imprinted nanomaterials were used to provide the selectivity among other interferents of atrazine. Differential pulse Voltammetry was used to detect atrazine with a limit of detection of 10.115 fM and a wide linear dynamic range of 33.72 fM to 3.1 nM. The sensor was efficiently tested in different polluted water samples without interference from structural analogs. This sensor offers a reliable tool for monitoring water quality and protecting human health by ensuring atrazine levels are safely controlled. 2025 The Electrochemical Society (ECS). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved. -
Resource Provisioning in Fog Computing - A Survey
The internet world has created an era where any device can interconnect with each other. Gathering intelligence from streaming data is challenging and can create wonders and valuable innovations for humanity. The shortcomings of connectivity due to the remote location of the cloud induce latency and performance issues in real-time. Thus, a traditional cloud may not be suitable for all applications. A secure, low latent bandwidth infrastructure under research led to Fog Computing. The fog nodes have limited resources, and effective utilization can boost the applications performance. Ensuring effective routing of the tasks and load balancing among the nodes is essential and tedious in any network. Resource management becomes challenging due to heterogeneity, dynamic workload, unpredictability of the computing environment, and so on. In such cases, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be promising, provided the complexity and the computing are handled. Proactive load handling based on the changes in network traffic has a huge scope for research. This article gives a detailed survey of the various fog network architectures and the intelligent methodologies in resource allocation in a fog network using machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, the article shows the directions of research in intelligent resource allocation and handling. 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s) -
Does Sentiment and Emotion Affect Mental Health? A Multi-task Classification Framework for Comprehensive Understanding of Mental Health, Emotion, and Sentiment from Motivational Conversations
In light of the escalating challenges posed by our modern lifestyle, cultivating a nuanced approach for addressing mental health issues becomes imperative. Navigating the complexities of daily life demands a thoughtful and comprehensive strategy to identify and address the diverse array of mental health issues that may manifest. The challenges in accurately identifying mental health expressions stem from their complex character of communication, which frequently shares linguistic patterns and similar expressive nuances as communicated by humans. However, we hypothesize that mental health conditions are closely associated with affective factors in particular feelings, moods, and emotions. These states define how we think, feel, and behave. Thus, in this article, we aim to explore and analyze the association of the affective states such as sentiment and emotion with mental health in the view of identifying mental health conditions accurately once the feelings and emotions of humans are understood. In this regard, this article investigates multi-task classification encompassing mental health disorder identification (MHDI), emotion recognition (ER), and sentiment analysis (SA) in non-clinical conversations where MHDI forms the primary task and ER-SA the auxiliary tasks boosting the identification of the primary one. To demonstrate our hypothesis, we propose Core Fusion Network (CFN), a variation of multi-tasking in light of the significance that sentiment and emotion plays in understanding mental health. This method adeptly considers private and shared features across tasks, significantly enhancing classification precision. For our study, we extend the recently released MotiVAte dataset containing dyadic conversations between support seekers and a virtual assistant imparting hope and motivation to enclose emotion and sentiment tags for each conversation in a semi-supervised manner. Our hypothesis is reinforced by an extensive ablation study with state-of-the-art multi-task models and the proposed Core Fusion Network (CFN), which exhibits increased accuracy of 89.12% for MHDI, 64.24% for ER, and 79.04% for SA in the tri-task variant as opposed to its corresponding uni-task and bi-task variants. These outcomes underscore the potential of multi-task learning in streamlining mental health classification by integrating emotional and sentiment dimensions. 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s) Publication rights licensed to ACM. -
Photoisomerization Dynamics of 2-[(E)-(4-fluorophenyl)diazenyl]- 1H-imidazole: A Theoretical and Experimental Insight
This study investigates the photoresponsive behavior of substituted azobenzenes with a specific focus on their nonlinear optical response. This study suggests that azoimidazole substitution is a better alternative to azobenzene derivatives for nonlinear optical responses. The synthesis, characterization, photophysical property and isomerization pathway of 2-[(E)-(4-fluorophenyl)diazenyl]-1H-imidazole (E-2g) are presented as an optical limiter through a comprehensive blend of experimental and theoretical approaches. Notably, E-2g exhibited a lower energy barrier than reported azobenzenes. The trans-to-cis photostationary state was reached in 75 min, while the cis-to-trans state was achieved in 60 min at 354 nm. The study further explores the photoisomerization pathway of E-2g, highlighting its nonlinear absorption, which has a nonlinear absorption coefficient (?eff) of 8.8 10?11 m/W at 20 ?J, as determined by Z-scan measurements. The results suggest that E-2g exhibits significant nonlinear absorption characteristics, which helps in applications requiring protection from intense light sources. This study explores the photoresponsive behavior of substituted azobenzenes derivative, azoimidazole, over unsubstituted azobenzene derivatives for nonlinear optical properties. Through experimental and theoretical analyses, the title compound was synthesized, characterized, and shown to have a lower energy barrier and efficient photoisomerization in solution. Its strong nonlinear absorption properties make it a promising candidate for optical limiting applications, such as eye protection and safeguarding sensitive optical sensors. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Electro-osmotically modulated viscoelastic SWCNT-blood flow in symmetric/nonsymmetric stenosed arteries with heat generation using a fractional second grade model
This study examines the electro-osmotically modulated viscoelastic blood flow in arteries with both symmetric and nonsymmetric stenosis, accounting for heat generation and thermal buoyancy effects. Blood is modeled as a fractional second-grade fluid to more accurately capture its viscoelastic and memory-dependent behavior. The DebyeHkel linearization is applied to analyze the electro-osmotic effects. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using appropriate scaling transformations. Analytical solutions are derived for the resulting nondimensional boundary value problem. Key flow characteristics, such as axial velocity, temperature distribution, electric potential, volumetric flow rate, and wall shear stress, are computed and illustrated graphically using the Mathematica software. The computations reveal that axial velocity decreases near the arterial walls but increases in the core region for both symmetric (n = 2) and nonsymmetric (n = 6) stenoses with rising HelmholtzSmoluchowski velocity (UHs), CNT volume fraction (?), Debye length parameter (m), and stenosis height (e). Heat generation (? > 0) further enhances both velocity and temperature. Increasing ? reduces temperature and wall shear stress (?w), while higher flow rate (Q) and stenosis height (e) are elevated (?w). Nonsymmetric stenoses yield higher temperatures than symmetric ones. Trapping boluses grow in size and number with increasing Q for both stenosis types. These findings underscore the significant role of electro-osmotic and viscoelastic effects in hemodynamic regulation, with potential biomedical applications. World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. -
Peristaltic mechanism of Ellis fluid with viscous dissipation and thermal radiation induced by cilia wave
Bioheat transfer analysis in tissue has attracted the attention of numerous researchers due to its widespread potential applications in the medical field, mainly in thermotherapy and the human thermoregulation system. Also, temperature regulation of the human body primarily occurs through bioheat transfer. Due to the widespread biomedical applications of bio-heat transfer, we aim to investigate the movement of biofluid and bioheat in human organs with the influences of thermal radiation and ciliary waves. The mathematical model for Ellis fluid flow through a tube includes the metachronal wave of cilia motion and convective conditions. The governing equations are created based on mass, momentum conservation, and energy. The current problem is displayed and exact solutions are managed under long wavelength (? ? 1) and low Reynolds number (Re ? 1) approximations. An analytical approach is employed to derive expressions for longitudinal velocity, temperature, pressure gradient, and stream function as a function of the parameters of the problem. The physical behavior of the peristaltic motion of the Ellis fluid is explained in detail and illustrated graphically for various parameter values. The results of the current study provide potential information for advancement in the biomedical industry, particularly in the development of biomedical devices and processes. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. -
Improvized machine learning model for extracting building footprints from collapsed images using high-resolution remote sensing images
We propose the development of a robust Enhanced U-Net framework for detecting building objects in images compromised by collapse. Traditional approaches often struggle to identify smaller buildings obstructed by taller structures, trees, or cloud coverage. However, recent advancements in machine learning algorithms present promising opportunities to address these challenges and improve the accuracy of building object detection and damage assessment. The proposed method employs the Siamese U-Net framework, enhanced with novel machine learning algorithms to overcome limitations in existing methodologies and increase the accuracy and reliability of damage assessment, even in complex scenarios. By using augmented satellite images during testing and lowering the building threshold value, our model can accurately predict damaged buildings and retrieve the footprints of smaller structures. The results of this research will advance image analysis techniques, especially in scenarios where collapsed structures pose significant identification and damage assessment challenges. This will be invaluable for government disaster management agencies, insurance companies, and other related organizations. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
The s-shunt non-intersection graph of a graph
For an integer s ? 1, an s ? arc in a graph G is a sequence of (s + 1) vertices (v1,v2,,vs,vs+1) of G such that for all 1 ? i ? s, vi ? vi+1, and for all 1 ? i ? s ? 1, vi?vi+2. A non-intersection graph of the set of all s-arcs on distinct vertices of G, that can be shunted onto some other s-arc on distinct vertices of G, has been introduced. Basic properties based on the order, size and the degree of an arbitrary vertex of the non-intersection graph of a graph defined are obtained. Additionally, certain properties pertaining to the connectedness of the same are discussed. 2026 World Scientific Publishing Company.