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Hybrid approach: Naive bayes and sentiment VADER for analyzing sentiment of mobile unboxing video comments
Revolution in social media has attracted the users towards video sharing sites like YouTube. It is the most popular social media site where people view, share and interact by commenting on the videos. There are various types of videos that are shared by the users like songs, movie trailers, news, entertainment etc. Nowadays the most trending videos is the unboxing videos and in particular unboxing of mobile phones which gets more views, likes/dislikes and comments. Analyzing the comments of the mobile unboxing videos provides the opinion of the viewers towards the mobile phone. Studying the sentiment expressed in these comments show if the mobile phone is getting positive or negative feedback. A Hybrid approach combining the lexicon approach Sentiment VADER and machine learning algorithm Naive Bayes is applied on the comments to predict the sentiment. Sentiment VADER has a good impact on the Naive Bayes classifier in predicting the sentiment of the comment. The classifier achieves an accuracy of 79.78% and F1 score of 83.72%. Copyright 2019 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Smartphone application-based colorimetric fish freshness monitoring using an indicator prepared by rub-coating of red cabbage on paper substrates
This work developed a simple, easy-to-prepare, and inexpensive indicator (R-Paper) based on rub-coating of red cabbage on readily available paper substrates to detect the freshness of fish in out-of-lab settings. A single-step rub-coating method was used to incorporate anthocyanins on paper substrates, without the extraction of the compound from red cabbage. The preparation of the indicator and its usage is quick and does not require additional chemicals, personnel expertise, or laboratory facilities. The functional colorimetric interface created by directly rubbing red cabbage on paper was used for fish quality monitoring, which displayed a naked-eye detectable color change from purple (for fresh fish) to blue (for spoiling fish) and then to blue-green (for spoiled fish), corresponding to total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and pH changes. To provide a user-friendly quantitative analysis of this color change, we used the free Android software Color Grab to quantify the color using L*, a*, b*, and RGB indices. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report on an indicator prepared by rub-coating red cabbage onto paper-based substrates for fish spoilage monitoring through smartphone-based analysis. To verify that the R-Paper indicator performs on a par with the indicators using extracted anthocyanins, its performance was compared with indicators prepared using anthocyanins extracted from red cabbage (AR-Paper). Naked-eye analysis, simple preparation, ease of use, low cost, and free smartphone-based analysis make the R-Paper indicator an appropriate food quality indicator in resource-limited areas. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
A Smartphone Coupled Freshness Indicator Prepared by Rub-coating of Hibiscus Flowers on Paper substrates for Visual Monitoring of the Spoilage of Milk
This study developed an inexpensive and easy-to-use milk freshness indicator (H-Paper) by rub-coating hibiscus flowers onto paper. As per the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a food quality indicator prepared by direct hand-rubbing of a natural halochromic material onto paper substrates. Unlike the previously reported colorimetric indicators from natural sources, our indicator does not require the extraction of anthocyanins from the natural product. The H-Paper undergoes a quantifiable color change from green to purple to pink corresponding to fresh, spoiling, and spoiled milk samples. Digital photographs of H-Paper treated with milk samples were acquired using a smartphone, and RGB indices were analyzed using a free application. The red chromatic shift was used as a parameter to quantify color change of H-Paper to follow the spoilage of milk. Anthocyanins present in the hibiscus flowers are responsible for this colorimetric response. This work demonstrates a proof-of-concept for directly rub-coating halochromic materials onto a substrate to fabricate food freshness indicators. The H-Paper indicator has advantages of naked-eye analysis, consumer-friendliness, and instrument-free operation. This requires neither any laboratory accessories nor the expertise of a trained analyst for its preparation and operation, which is appropriate for use in resource-limited settings. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Food Quality Indicator-Based Intelligent Food Packaging
Foodborne illnesses caused by microbial growth and consumption of spoiled food items can lead to severe health issues. Monitoring real-time food quality through indicators/sensors has been an important priority for food industries, researchers, consumers, and regulatory bodies in this context. Intelligent packaging (IP), a type of food packaging, uses an indicator component to track and alert consumers on the quality of packaged food from the stage of manufacture to consumption in real time. Intelligent packaging helps reduce food waste and ensure consumer safety. This book chapter will discuss various food quality indicators, including humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, and microbial indicators, and their applications in IP. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Unique Host Matrix to Disperse Pd Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing of Morin: Sustainable Engineering Approach
Biomass-based carbon nanospheres derived from Mimosa pudica (commonly called "Touch-me-not") smeared on carbon fiber paper have been used as a host matrix for electrochemical deposition of palladium nanoparticles. The physicochemical characterization of modified electrodes was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the electroanalytical properties of the electrodes. The modified electrode demostrated an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of a flavonoid, morin, which gave a sensitive anodic peak at-0.30 V (vs SCE). An ultralow-level detection limit of 572 fM with a linear dynamic range of 37.50-130 pM was achieved. The proposed electrochemical sensor was successfully employed for the analysis of morin in mulberry and guava leaves. This is a sustainable engineering approach where a perfect unique host matrix is created using carbon nanospheres from biomass. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. -
The rapid diagnosis of intraamniotic infection with nanopore sequencing
Background: Intraamniotic infection (defined as intraamniotic inflammation with microorganisms) is an important cause of the preterm labor syndrome. Methods for the detection of microorganisms in amniotic fluid are culture and/or polymerase chain reaction assay. However, both methods take time, and the results are rarely available for clinical decision-making. Nanopore sequencing technology offers real-time, long-read sequencing that can produce rapid results. Objective: To determine 1) the diagnostic performance of the 16S rDNA nanopore sequencing method for the identification of microorganisms in patients with intraamniotic inflammation and 2) the relationship between microbial burden and the intensity of the amniotic fluid inflammatory response. Study Design: We performed a prospective cohort study that included singleton pregnancies presenting with symptoms of preterm labor with intact membranes or of preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained for the evaluation of bacteria in the amniotic cavity using cultivation and polymerase chain reaction-based 16S Sanger sequencing methods. Participants were classified into 4 groups according to the results of an amniotic fluid culture, 16S Sanger sequencing, and an amniotic fluid interleukin 6 concentration: 1) no intraamniotic infection and intraamniotic inflammation (interleukin 6 <2.6 ng/mL, and no microorganisms in the amniotic cavity, as determined by culture or 16S Sanger sequencing); 2) microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity without intraamniotic inflammation, defined by the presence of bacteria detected by culture or 16S Sanger sequencing; 3) sterile intraamniotic inflammation (interleukin 6 ?2.6 ng/mL without microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity); and 4) intraamniotic infection (interkeukin 6 ?2.6 ng/mL with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity). Patients who underwent a mid-trimester amniocentesis, had no intraamniotic infection or intraamniotic inflammation, and delivered at term represented the control group. 16S rDNA nanopore sequencing was performed and the diagnostic indices for the identification of intraamniotic infection were determined. Bioinformatic analysis was carried out to identify microorganisms, and a read count of at least 100 or a read count exceeding that of the background species from the control group, along with a relative abundance of no less than 1%, was used. Results: 1) The 16S nanopore sequencing had a sensitivity of 88.9% (8/9), specificity of 95.4% (41/43), positive predictive value of 80.0% (8/10), negative predictive value of 97.6% (41/42), positive likelihood ratio of 19.1 (95% confidence interval, 4.875.4), negative likelihood ratio of 0.1 (95% confidence interval, 0.020.7), and an accuracy of 94.2% (49/52) for the identification of intraamniotic infection (prevalence, 17% [9/52]); 2) the microbial load determined by the 16S nanopore sequencing had a strong positive correlation with the intensity of an intraamniotic inflammatory response (amniotic fluid interleukin 6 concentration; Spearman's correlation 0.9; P=.002); and 3) a subgroup of patients with intraamniotic inflammation did not have bacteria determined by culture, Sanger sequencing, or nanopore 16S, thus confirming the existence of sterile intraamniotic inflammation. Conclusion: The 16S nanopore sequencing has high diagnostic indices, predictive values, likelihood ratios, and accuracy in the diagnosis of intraamniotic infection. 2025 The Author(s) -
Nexus Between Credit Conditions, Financial Literacy, and Loan Accessibility Among Indian MSMEs
We examine the interplay among commercial bank loan terms, financial literacy, and formal loan accessibility for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Despite recent strides in integrating MSMEs into commercial bank portfolios via micro-lending initiatives, persistent challenges hinder their access to formal credit. Drawing from empirical data and existing literature, this study explores the nuanced impacts of loan terms and financial literacy on SMEs ability to secure formal loans. Addressing gaps in prior research, we concurrently analyse borrower characteristics and credit regulations influence on formal loan accessibility. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Assessing Housing Preferences and Living Conditions of Migrant Workers in the Fringe Areas of Bengaluru City, India
This study investigates the housing preferences and its impact on living conditions of migrant industrial workers in the fringe areas of Bengaluru, India, where rapid urbanization and economic expansion have led to a significant demand for affordable housing. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision-making framework, this study analyzed key factors influencing housing choices, such as proximity to the workplace, affordability, and access to essential amenities. Data were collected from 400 respondents through a combination of surveys, complimented by field observations and expert consultations. The findings indicate a strong preference for affordable housing close to employment hubs, with proximity to workplace emerging as the most critical criterion with a priority weight of 43.36%, followed by affordability with a priority weight of 12.47%. However, field insights reveal a trade-off with housing quality and living conditions. Many migrant workers are confined to overcrowded and poorly ventilated rental units, often provided by employers, which compromises their health and well-being. Our results contribute to the understanding of urban housing challenges in rapidly growing economies and emphasize the importance of sustainable, health-oriented housing policies that can mitigate environmental impacts and improve the quality of life for low-income migrant populations. 2024 by the authors. -
Strength of internet ties and impact of facebook on youth /
This dissertation aims at studying the social networking sites impact on people and relationships. There are different reasons why people use social networking sites like Facebook. The study aims to check whether it is the loneliness or the need for socialization that encourages networking on such sites. Study looks into Facebook and other social networking sites have changed the youngsters lives and lifestyles. This research tries to find out how this new media trend has affected peoples attitude towards life and also their attitude towards relationships. A questionnaire has been used to find the opinion of the people regarding the social networking concept. 75-100 people were researched to find out the exact need for social networking. The ability of networks to introduce new actors and new contents in the process of social organization, with relative independence to the power centres, increased over time with technological change, and more precisely, with the evolution of communication technologies. -
Banana bract derived cellulose coatings for enhancing shelf life of cherry tomatoes: Insights in to a sustainable post harvest technology
The increasing substantial generation of food waste poses a critical challenge for global waste management. A potential solution involves extracting commercially valuable products, such as biopolymers, from food waste. Cellulose biopolymer emerges as a promising candidate in this context. The current research investigates the potential of employing banana bracts (Musa acuminata) as a low-cost substrate for the extraction of cellulose biopolymer. Cellulose extraction from various residues of banana processing waste has been previously researched. However, there is a limited amount of the literature on cellulose extraction from the bracts that are left over after processing. The initial extraction phase involves an ethanol-toluene treatment to remove the laxatives, followed by an alkali treatment using KOH and bleaching using a mixture of acetic acid and sodium chlorite solution to derive white cellulose fibres. The extraction of cellulose from banana bracts yielded 36.98 0.0094% (w/w%). Examination of functional groups utilizing Fourier transform infrared provided characteristic peaks of cellulosic material. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were used to comprehend further the molecular architecture, thermal stability, and purity of the extracted cellulose. The cellulose mixture of varying concentrations (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0% [w/v%]) was coated on cherry tomatoes to investigate their shelf-life extension property. The cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) coated with 0.75% (w/w%) cellulose solution retained firm structure and fresh appearance after 8days, in contrast with the decayed control group. The current investigation focuses on novel insights into the potential of banana bracts as a valuable resource in the pursuit of sustainable and cost-effective cellulose extraction, for both waste management and enhancing the preservation of perishable food items. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025. -
On-board intelligent energy management system for gridable electric vehicles and a method thereof /
Patent Number: 202141037003, Applicant: Parag Jose Chacko.
The idea proposed is an Intelligent Energy Management System (1EMS) which will be on board a Gridable Electric Vehicle (GEV) for enabling Grid Integration to facilitate Grid to Vehicle (G2V), Vehicle to Grid (G2V) and Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) active power flow. Gridable Electric Vehicles are vehicles coming under the category of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) and Battery operated Electric Vehicles (BEV). The interest towards alternate transportation is increasing due to the increasing fuel prices and the increased air pollution. -
Design and validation of minimal jerk lane changing manoeuvre for adaptive cruise control in electric vehicles
Vehicle stability largely depends on the driving conditions and the driver. In Autonomous vehicles the stability of the vehicle is an important factor and is directly related to safety. When performing the steering manoeuvres during overtaking or during turns, the autonomous features should ensure that the vehicle remains stable. This work focuses on design and development of a steering manoeuvre that ensures smooth operation during overtaking and turns. The model will be implemented along with Adaptive Cruise Control and Anti-Lock Braking mechanism. The validation of the model is performed in IPG CarMaker software. The software is linked with Matlab/Simulink which enables to operate the model at the backend to perform the validation of the safety and stability features. Article Highlights Proposes a minimal jerk-based lane-changing maneuver for smoother Adaptive Cruise Control in EVs. Integrates real-time optimization for dynamic driving conditions using MATLAB/Simulink and IPG CarMaker. Combines minimal jerk control, Adaptive Cruise Control, and ABS to enhance safety and skid prevention. The Author(s) 2025. -
It-Driven Governance Models for Social Impact and Community Development
Local development planning in India is impaired by fragmented administrative datasets, limited citizen participation, and opaque decision processes despite the availability of India Stack primitives and Open Government Data (OGD) such as NFHS and MGNREGA. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate Federated Neuro-Symbolic Governance (FNSG), a privacy-preserving cross-silo framework that couples neural concept learners with symbolic rule synthesis, to deliver interpretable district-level decision support. FNSG operates in a hierarchical federated topology (district clients, state aggregator) using NFHS-5, MGNREGA, census/SECC proxies, and geospatial layers. Local clients train neural concept encoders, extract symbolic rule candidates, and transmit clipped, DP-noised updates plus anonymized rule evidence for secure aggregation and global rule distillation. In pilot experiments (K=20 districts, geographic holdout) FNSG achieved mean test AUC 0.84 versus centralized 0.88 and FedAvg 0.80, Precision@100 0.69, and produced concise global rules with fidelity ? 0.72. Privacy - utility sweeps indicate acceptable utility at ? ? 2 (AUC ? 0.82), with degradation at ? ? 1; convergence required ? 110 rounds and per-epoch client time ? 18 s on CPU (? 8 s on GPU). FNSG balances utility, interpretability, and data sovereignty. Policy implications include staged pilots, capacity building for district data centers, mandatory audit logs, and India Stack-mediated consent and integration. 2026 IEEE. -
Mental Health
[No abstract available] -
Navigating Queer Subjectivities: Identity Negotiation and Spatial Constraints Among Sexual Minority Women in Kerala, India
Psychological theories often conceptualise identity as a coherent, interiorised essence, a framing that constrains the fluid and relational experiences of sexual minority individuals. In caste-structured contexts like India, identity emerges from continual negotiation across caste, class, gender and religion rather than interior coherence. Drawing on queer phenomenology and critical intersectionality within an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), this study examines the experiences of sexual minority women in Kerala as they negotiate their identities through sociospatial regulation. Semistructured interviews revealed identity negotiation as a constant interplay of disorientation, reorientation and subversion articulated through three major themes: (a) spatially induced dilemma, which includes dilemmas about self-expression, dissonance in corporeal schema and out-of-sync temporality; (b) navigating spatial constraints, marked by layered and anticipatory shame, religious and ideological tensions, disembodiment shaped by structurally embedded shame materialising as internalised homonegativity, contested queer authenticity and affective negotiations around normativity; (c) embodied everyday acts of subjective subversion, involving flexible reorientations, agentic reworkings of failure and reimagined futures beyond dominant hetero-coherent narratives. By foregrounding nonlinearity and situated subjective subversion, this study critiques essentialist psychological models and emphasises the precarious, situated practices of queer becoming. The Author(s) 2026 -
Multivariate statistical optimization of phenolics and antioxidants from nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans Houtt)
The present study aimed to optimize the phenolic and antioxidant-rich extract from the nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) by using a two-factor 26-run central composite design-based response surface methodology tool. The selected parameters were extraction period (2 to 5days), solvent-to-water ratio (v/v) (50100%), and type of solvent (acetone or ethanol). The optimized extract at conditions of 3.14days incubation and 68% (v/v) acetone showed total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH antioxidant assay as 376.38mg GAE/g DW, 34.40mg QUE/g DW and 842.46mg AAE/g DW, respectively. Among the nineteen (19) compounds identified by the LCMS, myristicin (37.74%) was found to be the highest. Nine (9) alkane-fatty acyl compounds were determined by the GCMS analysis, as well. Additionally, SEM and XRD revealed sheet-like anatomy with the presence of Carbon (C), Oxygen (O) and Potassium (K). The study presented a unique approach to optimizing phenolic-rich antioxidant extracts from nutmeg using response surface methodology, offering valuable insights for more efficient extraction of bioactive compounds with minimal resource waste and potentially enhancing the utilization of nutmeg's nutraceutical properties. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
British Rule and Environmentalism in Wayanad The Curious Case of Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja
[No abstract available] -
Estimation of state of charge considering impact of vibrations on traction battery pack
Interest towards electric vehicle adoption is on the rise due to the lower running and maintenance cost it offers, along with zero tailpipe emissions. Range anxiety is one of the only concern that affects the adoption of electric vehicles. The state of charge of the traction battery pack has to be accurately determined and provided to the user to avoid range anxiety. Minute battery parameters has to be considered to improve the accuracy of the state of charge determination. In order to overcome the problem of range anxiety, an innovative strategy that takes into account how vibrations affect the performance of EV batteries is developed in this research. By doing this, the state of charge estimation precision is improved and thereby raises the drivers faith in electric vehicles. The impacts and vibrations felt on the traction battery pack during driving would lead to heat generation. The heat generated is found to be highest when the vibrations resonate at the natural frequencies of the traction battery pack. The natural frequency of the battery pack is considered when the battery is kept in the battery chamber of the two-wheeler electric vehicle. The vibrations at natural frequency produces heat which is accounted for when the state of charge is determined. To obtain accurate state of charge estimation, a Kalman filter-based approach is used. The Kalman filter-based estimation uses the conventional methods which are the open circuit voltage method and the Coulomb counting method to improve the estimation process along with the consideration of the heat component due to vibrations and impact. The vibration analysis is performed using MATLAB, while the state of charge determination is implemented in hardware and the Kalman estimation done using Python. The system is modelled on an electric two-wheeler platform and the testing is done to compare the state of charge accuracy of the open circuit voltage method, the Coulomb counting method and the Kalman filter-based estimation approach. The inclusion of the vibrational heat analysis for State of Charge estimation in the hardware testing of the electric two-wheeler provides an accurate state of charge value. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
MoS2, a new perspective beyond graphene
Owing to the fascinating structural, optical, electrical, chemical properties, graphene has created new paradigm in the field of nanoscience and the common crystalline structures that can be exfoliated include the layered van der Waals (vdW) solids such as boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phosphorus, and the layered ionic solids. Here, we bring forth the state-of-art-of materials dominated by their two-dimensional (2D) geometry beyond graphene. Being one of the most well-studied families of vdW layered materials, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) belonging to TMDC family has gained considerable research interest. The present work is focused on attempts to optimize and characterize this material with unique properties for a host of applications. The work resolves the hydrothermal growth of hexagonal MoS2 nanoflakes with attracting optical and magnetic properties providing strong evidence for the spin orbit split valence bands of these nanostructures. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity, excitation wavelength dependent down-conversion and up-conversion photoluminescence, growth of structural polymorphs using simple hydrothermal method, and the efficient anticancer properties of MoS2 nanostructures providing greater insight into energy and biomedical applications are also discussed. The improved catalytic activity of MoS2-based nanostructures reveals the increasing number of accessible active sites, formation of large surface area and is greatly beneficial for accomplishing a clean, environmental-friendly, inexpensive hydrogen mission for energy storage and conversion applications. The synergistic effect of the MoS2 nanocomposites was able to impede angiogenesis, tumor growth, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, elucidating the anticancer efficacy. Understanding and exploiting such unique properties of these 2D materials paves new horizons toward novel technological advances in electronic and medical field. 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Recent development on self-powered and portable electrochemical sensors: 2D materials perspective
Electrochemical sensors have attracted tremendous research interest due to their simplicity and compatibility to be integrated with standard electronic technologies and capability to produce electrical signals that can be effectively acquired, processed, stored, and analyzed. Due to the incredible electronic and physical properties derived from the 2D structure, two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials such as graphene, phosphorene black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and others have proven to be attractive for the fabrication of high-performance electrochemical sensors. The book chapter is focused in the unique characteristics of 2D materials leading toward excellent sensing performance, the structural and molecular designing of various 2D materials, structure-property relationships, various sensing applications employing disparate 2D nanostructures with an emphasis on highlighting various prototypical and prominent research paths. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.