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Academic stress and its sources among university students
Stress has become part of students' academic life due to the various internal and external expectations placed upon their shoulders. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the problems associated with academic stress as transitions occur at an individual and social level. It therefore, becomes imperative to understand the sources and impact of academic stress in order to derive adequate and efficient intervention strategies. The study employed a quantitative research design where participants were screened using Academic Stress Scale (Rajendran& Kaliappan,1991 from four streams namely, commerce, management, humanities, and basic sciences. The five dimensions of sources such as personal inadequacy, fear of failure, interpersonal difficulties with teachers, teacher pupil relationship and inadequate study facilities were further analysed and gender differences were also obtained. Understanding the sources of stress would facilitate the development of effective counselling modules and intervention strategies by school psychologists and counsellors in order to help students alleviate stress. Published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Company 2018. -
Academic workbench for streetlight powered by solar PV system using internet of everything (IoE)
Renewable energy is one of the growing trend in developing countries. Rapid development of renewable energy leads to the economic benefits and reduce environmental pollution. According to current scenario 20 to 40 percent of the power generated is consumed by streetlights. The problems faced by the current street lighting systems are when there is availability of light there is no proper utilization. Sun intensity shift is not constant all the time, it varies as the climate changes. Real time monitoring and control using intelligent algorithm avoids energy wastage during day time. ZigBee as a communication protocol current and voltage values are sent and received. Base Controller (Single Board Computer) acts as an interphase between the communication protocol and the cloud account. Remote client application is developed to control and monitor streetlight. 2018 IEEE. -
Accelerated Reliability Sampling Plan Based on Transformed Lindley Distribution
This study presents the development of Accelerated Reliability Sampling Plans (ARSPs) in the form of a Lindley distribution, considering the risks to both the producer and consumer. Sampling plan tables with varying values for both the risks WERE formulated. By leveraging a known Acceleration Factor (AF) as a foundation, ARSPs were systematically evaluated for their sensitivity to AF fluctuations, ensuring robustness under diverse testing scenarios. An example was used to illustrate the practical application of the formulated sampling plan tables. The proposed ARSPs facilitate efficient product reliability assessment under accelerated conditions, potentially reducing testing time and cost while achieving the desired reliability targets. 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. -
Accelerating Green Energy Adoption to Combat Climate Change: Innovations and Pathways to a Sustainable Future
Climate change is a pressing concern. It demands a rapid transition to green energy sources. In order to mitigate climate change and make the transition to a sustainable future, green energy adoption must accelerate. Significant progress has been achieved in renewable energy technologies, including solar, wind, and energy storage, which have increased efficiency and decreased costs. But issues like funding, regulations, and infrastructure constraints continue to be major roadblocks. Furthermore, to guarantee a smooth transition, significant funding and legislative assistance are needed for the integration of green energy into current systems. To overcome these obstacles and promote widespread adoption, cooperation between the public and commercial sectors is crucial. In light of the aforementioned, this chapter examines the technological advancements in renewable energy. Through the promotion of efficient regulations, increased investment, and innovation, society can hasten the adoption of green energy and clear the path for a low-carbon, sustainable future. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Accentuated bioavailability of bioactive compounds in foods by nanotechnology-based delivery approaches
One of the perennial problems faced by the food industry is the poor bioavailability of nutrients, arising generally due to lowered solubility or inadequate absorption by the gastrointestinal tract. Nanotechnology-based encapsulation techniques have shown to significantly enhance the bioavailability of various food bioactive compounds. Targeted delivery of specific nutrients to specific organs, low toxicity, maximization of nutrient uptake, extended release of nutrients, and enhanced texture and flavor are the major advantages of such systems, a few of which are discussed in this review. In keeping with these pertinent paradigms, the current review also highlights how food nanotechnology-based delivery systems ensure efficient bioaccessibility of dietary compounds that otherwise cannot be maximally achieved under in vivo conditions or by using biopolymer-based encapsulation. However, as with any technology, this also comes with its own set of drawbacks and lacunae, which are also presented in the current review. With the surge in global population, emphasis should be placed on optimizing bioavailability of vital food nutrients, catering to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 3. In a global landscape, a collaborative effort from regulatory bodies, consumers, and manufacturers will enable satisfactory, efficient, and safe commercialization of nanotechnological delivery systems for functional foods and bioactives. 2026 Codon Publications -
Acceptance of consumer-oriented health information technologies (chits): Integrating technology acceptance model with perceived risk
This paper is focused on understanding the growing demand for consumer-oriented health information technologies (CHITs) wearable and adult healthcare management apps. This study utilised the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and integrated the concept of perceived risk. The structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was applied to test the research hypotheses based on the 450 quantitative responses. This study confirms significant relationships between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, attitude, behavioural intention, and actual intention in using CHITs. The findings also showed no evidence to conclude that age and education influenced respondents perceived usefulness and perceived ease of the CHITs. This study incorporated the perceived risk to fill a gap in the literature and broaden the current TAM theoretical application in the public health setting. The study findings fill the health-related technology acceptance literature gap and broaden TAM's present application in the public health realm. 2021 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved. -
Access to clean cooking fuel and discrimination between scheduled and non-scheduled groupsacross urban and rural India
Access to clean cooking fuel constitutes a fundamental element of household well-being and national energy security, particularly for marginalized and socio-economically disadvantaged communities. This paper examines the discrimination in access to clean cooking fuel between Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe (SC/ST) and non-SC/ST households in India. Drawing on data from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) 78th Round (202021) Multiple Indicator Survey, the study seeks to quantify the extent of this discrimination and analyze the underlying factors contributing to disparities in clean fuel access. Empirical evidence suggests that non-SC/ST households have significantly greater access to clean cooking fuel than SC/ST households. This disparity is primarily explained by socio-economic variables such as income, education, gender, region, and employment status. However, the decomposition analysis reveals that a considerable portion, 22 percent, of the gap remains unexplained, indicating persistent discrimination that cannot be attributed solely to observable characteristics. The study recommends strengthening last-mile delivery of LPG in SC/ST-dominated areas and integrating energy access with housing programs like PMAY. It also advocates for targeted subsidies linked to caste and income data to support recurring fuel costs. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the need for infrastructure improvements, such as separate kitchens and durable housing, to enable sustained adoption of clean cooking fuels. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Institute for Social and Economic Change 2025. -
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Accessibility, Diversity, and Inclusion in the Digitally Transformed University
This chapter, as per the authors, investigates the critical dimensions of accessibility, diversity, and inclusion in the context of digitally transformed higher education institutions. It presents a comprehensive review of theoretical frameworks such as universal design and social equity, followed by practical implementation models that highlight inclusive pedagogy, adaptive technologies, and administrational best practices. The chapter addresses persistent challenges including digital divides and ethical considerations of Al-driven systems, while also forecasting future trends in sustainable, culturally responsive smart campuses. Through a synthesis of global case studies and policy insights, the chapter offers actionable strategies for building equitable and inclusive digital learning environments that foster participation and success among diverse learner populations. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Accessing Accurate Documents by Mining Auxiliary Document Information
Earlier techniques of text mining included algorithms like k-means, Nae Bayes, SVM which classify and cluster the text document for mining relevant information about the documents. The need for improving the mining techniques has us searching for techniques using the available algorithms. This paper proposes one technique which uses the auxiliary information that is present inside the text documents to improve the mining. This auxiliary information can be a description to the content. This information can be either useful or completely useless for mining. The user should assess the worth of the auxiliary information before considering this technique for text mining. In this paper, a combination of classical clustering algorithms is used to mine the datasets. The algorithm runs in two stages which carry out mining at different levels of abstraction. The clustered documents would then be classified based on the necessary groups. The proposed technique is aimed at improved results of document clustering. 2015 IEEE. -
Accessing the role of critical success factors for successful ERP implementation at Indian SMEs: A statistical validation
Indian SMEs are also integral part of Indian economy; they also face numerous challenges in implementing technologies such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, including a lack of human, technical and financial resources to support such initiatives. Like many other technological advances, ERP systems were initially implemented mostly at large organisations even in India. Their relative absence from Indian SMEs has probably been the main reason for the research focus on large Indian enterprise. A model is developed with the help of quantitative survey-based method to identify and rank the 30 CSFs and, then a framework has been proposed in terms of recommendations for managing these CSFs. It was determined whether the survey instrument was complete and clear or not with the help of pre-pilot survey of 30 questionnaires responses from the Indian ERP consultants. As a result, the initial survey instrument was extensively revised. For the final data collection, new revised survey instruments were then given via a survey to 500+ Indian ERP consultants. Copyright 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Accident Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Accidents have been a major cause of deaths in India. More than 80% of accident-related deaths occur not due to the accident itself but the lack of timely help reaching the accident victims. In highways where the traffic is really light and fast-paced an accident victim could be left unattended for a long time. The intent is to create a system which would detect an accident based on the live feed of video from a CCTV camera installed on a highway. The idea is to take each frame of a video and run it through a deep learning convolution neural network model which has been trained to classify frames of a video into accident or non-accident. Convolutional Neural Networks has proven to be a fast and accurate approach to classify images. CNN based image classifiers have given accuracy's of more than 95% for comparatively smaller datasets and require less preprocessing as compared to other image classifying algorithms. 2019 IEEE. -
ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN URBAN VANETS FOR IMPROVING SLIPPERY ROADS RIDE AFTER RAIN
Urban Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) face challenges in managing accidents and enhancing safety, particularly on slippery roads post rainfall. This study addresses this issue by proposing an Accident Prevention and Management System tailored for improving ride safety in such conditions. The problem statement identifies the increased risk of accidents and decreased road grip due to rain-induced slippery surfaces in urban areas. The proposed method integrates real-time data collection from vehicles and road infrastructure to predict and detect slippery road segments. Utilising this information, the system dynamically disseminates warnings to nearby vehicles, enabling them to adapt their driving behaviour and avoid potential accidents. The flow of the proposed system involves a multi-step process: (1) Real-time data collection using sensors installed in vehicles and roadside infrastructure, (2) Data analysis and prediction algorithms to identify slippery road segments, (3) Communication protocols for disseminating warnings to vehicles in the neighbourhood, and (4) Driver assistance mechanisms to aid in adapting to the road conditions. Results from simulations and real-world experiments demonstrate the efficacy of the system in significantly reducing the likelihood of accidents on slippery roads after rainfall. By leveraging VANET technology and real-time data analysis, this system enhances safety by providing timely warnings and promoting safer driving practices, ultimately mitigating the risks associated with adverse weather conditions in urban environments. 2024, Scibulcom Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Accident prevention system using real time embedded technology
Two different aspects are presented in the proposed system: a transmitter and a recipient. The velocity boundary is controlled immediately after entering the emitter area by receiving a signal from the RF transmitter. A few meters even before the area, the significantly impacted might be put for this purpose. The surveillance program contains an alcoholic detector, an eye detector, and a smoke detector. GPS and GSM for the detection of incidents on mobile phones. The electromechanical device monitors the information as a consequence of the impact by transmitting it to the microprocessor ATmega330Q. GPS of your smart telephone will then communicate with both the satellite to acquire latitude and longitudinal data as well as the incident names will be transmitted to the families, fire departments, etc. which are already defined. 2021, SciTechnol, All Rights Reserved. -
Accounting fraud and bankruptcy: The case of wirecard AG
This chapter examines the scandal at Wirecard AG, a German payment processing and financial services company, that became one of the most valuable companies on the German stock exchange in the 2010s. From 2010 to 2018, Wirecard reported consistent revenue growth and profitability. In 2019, the company reported revenues of 2.8 billion ($3.2 billion). As of September 2018, its market capitalization was over 24 billion ($27 billion). In late 2019, the Wirecard scandal was discovered through investigative reports by the Financial Times, which raised questions about Wirecard's accounting practices. The company faced a major scandal in 2020 when it was revealed that 1.9 billion ($2.1 billion) was missing from its balance sheet. Subsequent investigations revealed a massive accounting fraud that had been going on for years. Subsequently, the company filed for bankruptcy. Multiple Wirecard executives, including its CEO, were charged with fraud and market manipulation. German regulators and auditors were criticized for failing to detect and prevent the fraud. 2023, IGI Global. -
Acculturation and adaptation experiences of third generation adolescent migrants of Andaman and Nicobar islands
Andaman and Nicobar Islands saw movement from 1857 amid the reformatory settlement design of the British Government followed by Independent relocation after 1947. The relocation makes a heritage of acculturation and adaptation experiences of the migrants and their descendants. The administration stretched out certain facilities to the migrants like job reservation, simple access to government jobs in the Islands, reservation for higher education and so forth amid the 50's, 60's and 70's. The number of inhabitants in the Islands has now come to a disturbing level and the facilities and opportunities have contracted down, yet individuals have not changed their outlook rather and for them, everything stays in and around the Islands. This study aims to understand the acculturation and adaptation experiences of the third generation adolescent migrants of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The study proposes to follow the methodology based on grounded theory. Using Theoretical sampling method, third generation adolescent migrants of the Islands were recruited for the study. The average age of the participants recruited for this study is 18.6 years with 83% of them are male and the remaining 17% are female. Individual interview sessions, lasting approximately 45 to 90 minutes were conducted with the participants to know how their acculturation and adaptation experiences. The transcripts of the interviews were thematically analyzed with the help of Nvivo 10. The transcripts were dissected and 1950 codes from 7903 text segments which became the main foundation for the analysis of data. The codes were further reduced into 54 basic themes, again into 21 organizing themes and finally into 05 global themes. The process of acculturation, psychological adaptation, socio-cultural adaptation, influencing factors and academic aspiration were the global themes which became the building block for five thematic networks addressing the main and specific objectives of the study. -
Acculturation and adaptation experiences of third generation adolescent migrants of andaman and nicobar islands
Andaman and Nicobar Islands saw movement from 1857 amid the reformatory settlement design of the British Government followed by Independent relocation after 1947. The relocation makes a heritage of acculturation and adaptation experiences of the migrants and their descendants. The administration stretched out certain facilities to the migrants like job reservation, simple access to government jobs in the Islands, reservation for higher education and so forth amid the 50's, 60's and 70's. The number of inhabitants in the Islands has now come to a disturbing level and the facilities and opportunities have contracted down, yet individuals have not changed their outlook rather and for them, everything stays in and around the Islands. This study aims to understand the acculturation and adaptation experiences of the third generation adolescent migrants of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The study proposes to follow the methodology based on grounded theory. Using Theoretical sampling method, third generation adolescent migrants of the Islands were recruited for the study. The average age of the participants recruited for this study is 18.6 years with 83% of them are male and the remaining 17% are female. Individual interview sessions, lasting approximately 45 to 90 minutes were conducted with the participants to know how their acculturation and adaptation experiences. The transcripts of the interviews were thematically analyzed with the help of Nvivo 10. The transcripts were dissected and 1950 codes from 7903 text segments which became the main foundation for the analysis of data. The codes were further reduced into 54 basic themes, again into 21 organizing themes and finally into 05 global themes. The process of acculturation, psychological adaptation, socio-cultural adaptation, influencing factors and academic aspiration were the global themes which became the building block for five thematic networks addressing the main and specific objectives of the study. The findings showed that the adolescent migrants of the islands settled in the islands by adopting the integration or assimilation technique. The migrants who initially opted for the integration strategy later moved to the assimilation strategy in the adaptation process. The migrants through social incorporation look for a social identity in the islands and furthermore mirrors a feeling of confidence in the islands setting making them all the more psychologically adjusted contrasted with sociocultural adjustment. Parental impact and the acquisition of the dialect Hindustani encourage their expectation to remain in the islands itself for higher education and job. The findings on the relationship between acculturation and adaptation, academic aspiration and career self-efficacy reveal that lack of educational facilities and the incompetence in the existing educational facilities takes the migrants in a state of confusion. The expectations of the migrants are seen to be in conflict, which makes them hesitant to leave the islands for higher education or employment. The interconnectedness between all these leads the adolescent migrants to assert their identity in relation with their attachment to the islands and prefers to be confined to the islands. Findings highlight the pattern and influencing factors of acculturation and adaptation experiences of the third generation adolescent migrants of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and its impact on their academic aspiration and career self-efficacy. The findings have implications for professionals and scholars who work with migrant adolescents, stakeholders of the islands for framing policies benefitting the adolescent migrants, especially in higher education policy. Suggestions for future research are also included. -
Acculturative stress: Psychological health and coping strategies
There is an increasing shift in focus from the causes of immigration to the consequences of immigration, a major aspect being the stress triggered by the myriad changes and challenges experienced during the process of moving into a different culture and settling in. The main aim of this chapter is to introduce the reader to the concept of acculturative stress in detail. The author has gathered the content by doing a keyword search of relevant terms on Google Scholar and choosing articles that provide insight into acculturation, acculturative stress, and psychological health. The chapter will delve into how the different strategies of acculturation are associated with the level of acculturative stress experienced and consequent mental health problems as well as strategies to manage or reduce acculturative stress. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Accumulation of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Ni, Co) in the water, soil and plants collected from Edayar Region, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
The accumulation of heavy metals in the environment is a significant concern due to their potential toxicity and persistence. This study investigates the levels of heavy metal contamination in the water, soil and plants of the Edayar region in Ernakulam, Kerala, India. The region has experienced industrialization and urbanization, leading to concerns about heavy metal pollution. The study aims to assess the concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) in water, soil, aquatic and terrestrial plants. Samples were collected from various locations within the Edayar region, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was conducted to quantify heavy metal concentrations. The findings of this study will contribute to the assessment of heavy metal pollution in the Edayar region. Plants with a high diversity index were taken for analysis from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Scoparia dulcis L. seems to specialize in metal accumulation, possibly for protective purposes. Synedrella nodiflora Gaertn demonstrates adaptability to metal-rich environments through robust metal uptake and tolerance mechanisms. Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb, on the other hand, appears to have developed mechanisms to manage heavy metal exposure. The results indicate significant levels of heavy metal contamination across all samples, with the highest concentrations detected in soil, followed by water and plants. Chromium and lead levels in soil exceeded the permissible limits set by international standards, posing potential risks to human health and the ecosystem. The accumulation patterns in plants varied, with higher bioaccumulation factors observed for zinc and copper, suggesting their preferential uptake. This study highlights the urgent need for remediation strategies and continuous monitoring to mitigate the impact of heavy metal pollution in the Edayar region. The results will help in understanding the environmental impact of human activities. Copyright: The Author(s). -
Accumulation of lead (Pb II) metal ions by Bacillus toyonensis SCE1 species, innate to industrial-area ground water and nanoparticle synthesis
Groundwater samples were collected from Peenya Industrial area of Bengaluru, India to check its inherent bacterial population. After the isolates were grown in lead-induced media, the bacteria that could resist lead were further isolated, identified, and grown. The isolated bacterium was identified as Bacillus toyonensis SCE1 species, and the maximum amount of lead taken up by it to sustain itself as a live biomass was 8ppm. Lead accumulation was studied based on different factors such as pH, concentration, and time. Bacterial characterization through scanning electron microscopy showed there was lead sorption on the bacterial cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that accumulated lead ions inside the bacteria were in the range of 180190nm, this was found to correlate with the data obtained by the particle size analyzer. The optimum pH for highest lead accumulation was 7.2, for a time period of 160min. It was observed that the stable production of homogenous nanoparticles using biomass could be achieved by optimizing factors such as incubation period, agitation, pH, temperature, and contact time. 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.