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An analytical model for a TFET with an n-doped channel operating in accumulation and inversion modes
The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is an ambipolar device that conducts current with the channel in both accumulation and inversion modes. Analytical expressions for the channel potential and current in a TFET with an n-doped channel when operating in the accumulation and inversion modes are proposed herein. The potential model is derived by solving the two-dimensional (2D) Poisson equation using the superposition principle while considering the charges present in the channel due to electron or hole accumulation along with the depletion charges. An expression for the tunneling current corresponding to the maximum tunneling probability is also derived. The tunneling current is obtained by analytically calculating the minimum tunneling length in a TFET when operating in the accumulation or inversion mode. The results of the proposed potential model is compared with technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations for TFET with various dimensions, revealing good agreement. The potential and current in an n-type TFET (nTFET) obtained using the proposed models are also analyzed. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
An Analytical Review on Data Privacy and Anonymity in 'Internet of Things (IoT) Enabled Services'
Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology, spreading all over the world so the number of devices is increasing day by day. So, the volume and data complexity has increased drastically in the past three years. The resultant system might contain a significant number of heterogeneous devices, posing integration and scalability issues that must be addressed. In such a situation, security and privacy are commonly regarded as a significant concern. On the other hand, user privacy, defined as the capacity to provide data protection and anonymity, must be protected, which is especially important when personal and/or sensitive information is involved. This paper presents the comprehensive survey, characteristics, and application of IoT and the immense number of challenges raced and faced during the implementation of IoT frameworks. 2021 IEEE. -
An analytical study of linear and non-linear convection in Boussinesq-Stokes suspensions
The Rayleigh-Benard situation in Boussinesq-Stokes suspensions is investigated using both linear and non-linear stability analyses. The linear and non-linear analyses are based on a normal mode solution and minimal representation of double Fourier series, respectively. The effect of suspended particles on convection is delineated against the background of the results of the clean fluid. The realm of non-linear convection warrants the quantification of heat transfer and this has been achieved on the Rayleigh-Nusselt plane. Possibility of aperiodic convection is discussed. 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. -
An Analytical Study on the influence of using Trimmed Gait Energy Images for Human Gait Biometrics using Deep Learning
Gait based human recognition is founded on the principle that every human being has a distinctive style of walking. With the rise in the use of video surveillance devices, gait is one of the most convenient biometrics to use, in forensics. This paper is an analytical study of the effect of using trimmed Gait Energy Images (GEI) for Human Recognition using different deep learning techniques. Gait energy images are a spatiotemporal, silhouette-based representation of the human gait. GEIs from the CASIA B Multiview dataset was used to build two other sets of data by subtracting the upper body Deep learning and transfer learning techniques including Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) and VGG16 algorithms had been implemented to carry out the recognition. Results showed that the performance of the model using upper body images gives a greater accuracy than the lower body images. It has also been observed that the accuracy of recognition provided by the upper part of the body is almost the same as that achieved by the whole body, which brings forth the idea that the upper part of the body is the most pertinent in Human Identification using Gait as a biometric. 2022 IEEE. -
An ancestral genomic locus in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from India hints the genetic link with Mycobacterium canettii
Background: Tuberculosis remains a worldwide public health emergency. To better understand M. tuberculosis and to identify genomic variations characteristic to the Indian clinical isolates by a low-cost method, a genomic subtractive hybridization between M. tuberculosis H37Rv and a clinical isolate from South India was performed. Results: This revealed a novel 0.4-kb subtractive fragment which was used as a handle to pull out a 4.5-kb genomic region characteristic to the clinical isolate and was absent in H37Rv. On further studies, this 4.5-kb region was found to be present in 91% of the M. tuberculosis clinical isolates screened from Kerala, a state in South India. Interestingly, this novel region has 99% identity (with 100% query coverage) with genomic regions of M. canettii. Discussion: The present study hypothesizes that this locus was present in the recent common environmental ancestor of mycobacteria, retained to the maximum extent in M. canettii and ancestral isolates of M. tuberculosis, and later deleted in other modern lineages of M. tuberculosis. Thus, this region may serve as one of the links between the pathogenic mycobacteria and the environmental species. We also propose that the Indian isolates of M. tuberculosis might be closely related to the putative progenitor M. prototuberculosis with respect to this locus. More studies on other genomic loci from different strains of M. tuberculosis are required to establish more links in this direction. 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
An ancestral genomic locus in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from India hints the genetic link with Mycobacterium canettii /
International Microbiology, Vol.23, pp.397–404, ISSN No: 1139-6709. -
An Anomaly Detection Framework for Twitter Data
An anomaly indicates something unusual, related to detecting a sudden behavior change, and is also helpful in detecting irregular and malicious behavior. Anomaly detection identifies unusual events, suspicious objects, or observations that differ significantly from normal behavior or patterns. Discrepancies in data can be observed in different ways, such as outliers, standard deviation, and noise. Anomaly detection helps us understand the emergence of specific diseases based on health-related tweets. This paper aims to analyze tweets to detect the unusual emergence of healthcare-related tweets, especially pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19. After pre-processing, this work collected more than 44 thousand tweets and performed topic modeling. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) were deployed for topic modeling, and a query set was designed based on resultant topics. This query set was used for anomaly detection using a sentence transformer. K-means was also employed for clustering outlier tweets from the cleaned tweets based on similarity. Finally, an unusual cluster was selected to identify pandemic-like healthcare emergencies. Experimental results show that the proposed framework can detect a sudden rise of unusual tweets unrelated to regular tweets. The new framework was employed in two case studies for anomaly detection and performed with 78.57% and 70.19% accuracy. 2022 by the authors. -
An Anthropologically comprehensive model of education
The educational realm we find ourselves in owes much to the work of philosophers. Educational policy and practice have evolved and progressed across the centuries through their influence, some of which have been through great social travails. Humanity has sifted and accepted them through careful consideration. However, not all philosophies are entirely beneficial. Some are given to aberrations. This doctoral dissertation is a systematic look at some of these philosophies, which on critical evaluation, reveal fault lines in our educational enterprise. newlineThe contemporary educational scenario is dominated by idealism and consumerism and, as such, falls short of promoting the comprehensive welfare of the anthropos or the human person. We present a thesis newlinestatement and employ the historico-critical methodology to examine these issues and use logical, ethical and moral arguments, besides, supporting texts, aphorisms and thought experiments to argue for our position. Jean-Paul Sartre had stated that philosophical anthropology is the study of the essence of the human being and the human condition. With its roots planted there, we present a conceptual model of the anthropos that could serve as the starting point for educational policy. We put forward five dimensions to be catered to by any educational program and call it the newlineAnthropo-Centered Model of Education or ACME. That completes Part I of the dissertation. newlineIn Part II, we explore the five dimensions. The attempt has been to zero in on the underlying issues and elucidate them. At some places, we use analysis, at others, speculation and close synthetically as we integrate our model. The dissertation ends with the prospectus of a high school, newlineenvisioned on the basis of this research, to come up in the city of Bangalore. -
An apparatus for a predetermined language transliteration and method thereof /
Patent Number: 202121024080, Applicant: Solley Joseph.
The present invention discloses an apparatus for a predetermined language transliteration and method thereof. The system includes, but not limited to, a processing unit with one or more processors connected with one or more storage devices, and wherein the processing unit is to: acquire scripts or alphabets of the predetermined language through an OCR scanning unit or through any input device. -
An apparatus for a predetermined language transliteration and method thereof /
Patent Number: 202121024080, Applicant: Solley Joseph.
The present invention discloses an apparatus for a predetermined language transliteration and method thereof. The system includes, but not limited to, a processing unit with one or more processors connected with one or more storage devices, and wherein the processing unit is to: acquire scripts or alphabets of the predetermined language through an OCR scanning unit or through any input device. -
An Application of the Caputo Fractional Domain in the Analysis of a COVID-19 Mathematical Model
Vaccination programs aimed at preventing the spread of the coronavirus appear to have a significant global impact. In this research, we have investigated a mathematical model projecting COVID-19 disease spread by considering five groups of individuals viz. vulnerable, exposed, infected, unreported, recovered, and vaccinated. Looking at the current abnormal pattern of the virus spread in the projected model, we have implemented the fractional derivative in the Mittag-Leffler context. Using the existing theory of the fractional derivative, we have examined the theoretical aspects such as the existence and uniqueness of the solutions, the existence and stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, and the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium point. In computing the basic reproduction number, we have analyzed that the existence and stability of points of equilibrium are dependent on this number. The sensitivity of the basic reproduction number is also examined. The importance of the vaccination drive is highlighted by relating it to the basic reproduction number. Finally, we have presented the simulation of the numerical results by capturing the profile of each group under the influence of the fractional derivative and investigated the impact of vaccination rate and contact rate in controlling the disease by applying the Adams-Bashforth-Moultan (ABM) method. The present research study demonstrates the importance of the vaccination campaign and the curb on individual contact by featuring a novel fractional operator in the projected model and capturing the corresponding consequence. 2024 P. Veeresha, et al. -
An Approach for Credit Card Churn Prediction Using Gradient Descent
A very important asset for any company in the business sectors such as banking, marketing, etc. are its customers. For them to stay in the game, they have to satisfy their customers. Customer retention plays an important role in attracting and retaining the customers. Customer retention means to keep the customer satisfied so that they do not stop using their service/product in the domain of banking; the banks provide various kinds of services to the customers especially in the electronic banking sector. For this study, we have selected the service of credit card. For a bank to give a loan or amount on credit basis, the e-bank should make sure if its customers are eligible and can repay their money. The purpose of this project is to implement a neural network model to classify the churners and non-churners. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
An Approach for Detecting Frauds in E-Commerce Transactions using Machine Learning Techniques
This paper is primarily focused on E-commerce fraud detection using machine learning techniques. There are many different ways to detect E-commerce fraud using machine learning approach. In this work, comparison study is conducted between various available machine learning algorithms to detect the online frauds. During the comparative study, focus is underlined on comparison of all the algorithms to identify the fraud transactions. When compared to other algorithms, such as support vector machine, Decision Tree, K-nearest neighbour and Random Forest, it has been observed that Logistic regression gives better result among all machine learning algorithms. 2021 IEEE. -
An approach for document pre-processing and K Means algorithm implementation
The web mining is a cutting edge technology, which includes information gathering and classification of information over web. This paper puts forth the concepts of document pre-processing, which is achieved by extraction of keywords from the documents fetched from the web, processing it and generating a term-document matrix, TF-IDF and the different approaches of TF-IDF (term frequency Inverse document frequency) for each respective document. The last step is the clustering of these results through K Means algorithm, by comparing the performance of each approach used. The algorithm is realized on an X64 architecture and coded on Java and Matlab platform. The results are tabulated. 2014 IEEE. -
An approach for efficient capacity management in a cloud
Cloud computing is an emerging technology where computing resources such as software and hardware are accessed over the internet as a service to customers. In the past, due to less demand, cloud capacity management was not critical. However, with the increase in demand, capacity management has become critical. Cloud customers can frequently use web-based portals to provision and de-provision virtual machines on demand. Due to dynamic changes as per the demand, managing capacity becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we discuss the emergence of cloud computing, traditional versus cloud computing, and how capacity management can be efficiently handled in a cloud. A detail on high availability of virtual machines in a cloud using the N+1 model is discussed in this paper. With templates, many repetitive installation and configuration tasks can be avoided. We discuss the sizing of templates and the overheads of using virtual machines. We suggest ideal combinations of sizing templates to create virtual machines with optimum utilization of blades. Finally we discuss a few benefits of efficient capacity management in cloud computing. 2017 IEEE. -
An approach for mobile application design using Figma
With the increased mobile usage throughout the world, there is an enormous demand for mobile applications that provide not only good functionality but also good experience to the user, which is why it is important to have a good user interface for a mobile application. In this chapter, various components of an app are designed and illustrated in Figma software to make the work easier for a developer to create them. It also demonstrates the usage of Fig-ma. Meanwhile it shows the design thinking behind adding the correct colour schemes, right font, using proper white space, proper placement of buttons, and other design principles. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
An approach to develop content based video modules /
Researchers World Journal Of Arts Science And Commerce, Vol.7, Issue 1, pp.101-104, ISSN: 2231-4172. -
An approach to finding customer-value and devising marketing strategies by using data-mining techniques
The digital marketing space is an outcome of the advent of digital age and the booming network technology. The earlier methods of marketing have almost been eclipsed with this digital marketing, which could include any material, information, videos on the internet and social media, etc. The marked distinction between a digital and traditional marketing is that the former uses digital devices in the traditional space. People today consume innumerable products daily and getting to know the customer's interests, their transaction's history, identifying a loyal customer and estimating their lifetime value are all at the very heart of digital marketing. It is here, in this context, that data mining techniques play a key role. This unique blending of data mining techniques with digital marketing will help merchants increase their sales and revenue exponentially. This research paper explores the possibility of finding the frequent item-set generated by a customer while making purchases, tracking their loyalty based on the number of purchases and their frequency and thereafter devising an appropriate marketing strategy for that particular product type. It is the analysis of the product based on the previous marketing experiences of the consumer. This system will boost a merchant's businesses by identifying their loyal customers (customer segmentation), best sold products (product recommendation) and reveal the different marketing strategies that can be adopted by them to reach out to their potential customers and thus increase their sales (Strategy selection/combination). IAEME Publication. -
An approach to improvise recognition rate from occluded and pose variant faces
Face recognition is increasingly gaining popularity in today's field mainly because one of the major applications of face recognition, surveillance cameras are being used in real world applications. At the same time, researchers are trying to increase the accuracy of recognition as recognizing face from an unconstrained faces is naturally difficult. In the case of real world application, during image capture there are high chances of faces appearing with different poses, face subjected to illumination and occlusion. In this paper we propose a model that can increase the recognition rate with faces of different pose and faces subjected to occlusion. We introduce the technique of in-painting to restore the occluded face in a frame of video. A dictionary set is created with restored occluded face and faces with varying inclination. In our proposed model, Discrete Curvelet Transform is used to extract features. Comparison with traditional method shows a better recognition rate. 2015 IEEE. -
An Approach to Introduce Mobile Application Development for Teaching and Learning by Adapting Allans Dual Coding Theory
This paper reveals around methodology that could be powerful to teach mobile applications in a class by including a decent utilization of innovative technology alongside a system. Appraisal instruments within the cloud were utilized to encourage this sort of methodology toward teaching application development. The new methodology is executed by teaching in the lab with desktops or in the classroom with students laptops. It adapted Allans dual code Theory. The adequacy of this methodology is obvious through an examination of outcomes. 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.