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Strength of internet ties and impact of facebook on youth /
This dissertation aims at studying the social networking sites impact on people and relationships. There are different reasons why people use social networking sites like Facebook. The study aims to check whether it is the loneliness or the need for socialization that encourages networking on such sites. Study looks into Facebook and other social networking sites have changed the youngsters lives and lifestyles. This research tries to find out how this new media trend has affected peoples attitude towards life and also their attitude towards relationships. A questionnaire has been used to find the opinion of the people regarding the social networking concept. 75-100 people were researched to find out the exact need for social networking. The ability of networks to introduce new actors and new contents in the process of social organization, with relative independence to the power centres, increased over time with technological change, and more precisely, with the evolution of communication technologies. -
Assessing Housing Preferences and Living Conditions of Migrant Workers in the Fringe Areas of Bengaluru City, India
This study investigates the housing preferences and its impact on living conditions of migrant industrial workers in the fringe areas of Bengaluru, India, where rapid urbanization and economic expansion have led to a significant demand for affordable housing. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision-making framework, this study analyzed key factors influencing housing choices, such as proximity to the workplace, affordability, and access to essential amenities. Data were collected from 400 respondents through a combination of surveys, complimented by field observations and expert consultations. The findings indicate a strong preference for affordable housing close to employment hubs, with proximity to workplace emerging as the most critical criterion with a priority weight of 43.36%, followed by affordability with a priority weight of 12.47%. However, field insights reveal a trade-off with housing quality and living conditions. Many migrant workers are confined to overcrowded and poorly ventilated rental units, often provided by employers, which compromises their health and well-being. Our results contribute to the understanding of urban housing challenges in rapidly growing economies and emphasize the importance of sustainable, health-oriented housing policies that can mitigate environmental impacts and improve the quality of life for low-income migrant populations. 2024 by the authors. -
Nexus Between Credit Conditions, Financial Literacy, and Loan Accessibility Among Indian MSMEs
We examine the interplay among commercial bank loan terms, financial literacy, and formal loan accessibility for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Despite recent strides in integrating MSMEs into commercial bank portfolios via micro-lending initiatives, persistent challenges hinder their access to formal credit. Drawing from empirical data and existing literature, this study explores the nuanced impacts of loan terms and financial literacy on SMEs ability to secure formal loans. Addressing gaps in prior research, we concurrently analyse borrower characteristics and credit regulations influence on formal loan accessibility. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Unique Host Matrix to Disperse Pd Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing of Morin: Sustainable Engineering Approach
Biomass-based carbon nanospheres derived from Mimosa pudica (commonly called "Touch-me-not") smeared on carbon fiber paper have been used as a host matrix for electrochemical deposition of palladium nanoparticles. The physicochemical characterization of modified electrodes was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the electroanalytical properties of the electrodes. The modified electrode demostrated an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of a flavonoid, morin, which gave a sensitive anodic peak at-0.30 V (vs SCE). An ultralow-level detection limit of 572 fM with a linear dynamic range of 37.50-130 pM was achieved. The proposed electrochemical sensor was successfully employed for the analysis of morin in mulberry and guava leaves. This is a sustainable engineering approach where a perfect unique host matrix is created using carbon nanospheres from biomass. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. -
Food Quality Indicator-Based Intelligent Food Packaging
Foodborne illnesses caused by microbial growth and consumption of spoiled food items can lead to severe health issues. Monitoring real-time food quality through indicators/sensors has been an important priority for food industries, researchers, consumers, and regulatory bodies in this context. Intelligent packaging (IP), a type of food packaging, uses an indicator component to track and alert consumers on the quality of packaged food from the stage of manufacture to consumption in real time. Intelligent packaging helps reduce food waste and ensure consumer safety. This book chapter will discuss various food quality indicators, including humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, and microbial indicators, and their applications in IP. 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved. -
A Smartphone Coupled Freshness Indicator Prepared by Rub-coating of Hibiscus Flowers on Paper substrates for Visual Monitoring of the Spoilage of Milk
This study developed an inexpensive and easy-to-use milk freshness indicator (H-Paper) by rub-coating hibiscus flowers onto paper. As per the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a food quality indicator prepared by direct hand-rubbing of a natural halochromic material onto paper substrates. Unlike the previously reported colorimetric indicators from natural sources, our indicator does not require the extraction of anthocyanins from the natural product. The H-Paper undergoes a quantifiable color change from green to purple to pink corresponding to fresh, spoiling, and spoiled milk samples. Digital photographs of H-Paper treated with milk samples were acquired using a smartphone, and RGB indices were analyzed using a free application. The red chromatic shift was used as a parameter to quantify color change of H-Paper to follow the spoilage of milk. Anthocyanins present in the hibiscus flowers are responsible for this colorimetric response. This work demonstrates a proof-of-concept for directly rub-coating halochromic materials onto a substrate to fabricate food freshness indicators. The H-Paper indicator has advantages of naked-eye analysis, consumer-friendliness, and instrument-free operation. This requires neither any laboratory accessories nor the expertise of a trained analyst for its preparation and operation, which is appropriate for use in resource-limited settings. 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Smartphone application-based colorimetric fish freshness monitoring using an indicator prepared by rub-coating of red cabbage on paper substrates
This work developed a simple, easy-to-prepare, and inexpensive indicator (R-Paper) based on rub-coating of red cabbage on readily available paper substrates to detect the freshness of fish in out-of-lab settings. A single-step rub-coating method was used to incorporate anthocyanins on paper substrates, without the extraction of the compound from red cabbage. The preparation of the indicator and its usage is quick and does not require additional chemicals, personnel expertise, or laboratory facilities. The functional colorimetric interface created by directly rubbing red cabbage on paper was used for fish quality monitoring, which displayed a naked-eye detectable color change from purple (for fresh fish) to blue (for spoiling fish) and then to blue-green (for spoiled fish), corresponding to total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and pH changes. To provide a user-friendly quantitative analysis of this color change, we used the free Android software Color Grab to quantify the color using L*, a*, b*, and RGB indices. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report on an indicator prepared by rub-coating red cabbage onto paper-based substrates for fish spoilage monitoring through smartphone-based analysis. To verify that the R-Paper indicator performs on a par with the indicators using extracted anthocyanins, its performance was compared with indicators prepared using anthocyanins extracted from red cabbage (AR-Paper). Naked-eye analysis, simple preparation, ease of use, low cost, and free smartphone-based analysis make the R-Paper indicator an appropriate food quality indicator in resource-limited areas. 2023 Elsevier B.V. -
Hybrid approach: Naive bayes and sentiment VADER for analyzing sentiment of mobile unboxing video comments
Revolution in social media has attracted the users towards video sharing sites like YouTube. It is the most popular social media site where people view, share and interact by commenting on the videos. There are various types of videos that are shared by the users like songs, movie trailers, news, entertainment etc. Nowadays the most trending videos is the unboxing videos and in particular unboxing of mobile phones which gets more views, likes/dislikes and comments. Analyzing the comments of the mobile unboxing videos provides the opinion of the viewers towards the mobile phone. Studying the sentiment expressed in these comments show if the mobile phone is getting positive or negative feedback. A Hybrid approach combining the lexicon approach Sentiment VADER and machine learning algorithm Naive Bayes is applied on the comments to predict the sentiment. Sentiment VADER has a good impact on the Naive Bayes classifier in predicting the sentiment of the comment. The classifier achieves an accuracy of 79.78% and F1 score of 83.72%. Copyright 2019 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Physicochemical Modifications on Fibrous Substrates for Sensing and Separation Applications
Fibers are forms of matter characterized by flexibility, fineness, and a high length-tothickness ratio, embodying properties such as large surface-area-to-volume ratio, newlinecontinuity, flexibility in surface functionalities, superior mechanical performances, ability to absorb dye and moisture, etc. Fibers can be transformed into coils, yarns, or fabrics by twisting or overlapping, resulting in fibrous substrates that are self-standing, flexible, and possessing excellent mechanical properties and large specific surface areas. The porosity, functionality, hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties, and functional characteristics for desirable applications can be achieved by various modifications of the fiber substrates. Physical (e.g., composite material blending, coating) and chemical (e.g., surface hydrolysis, chemical crosslinking) methods have been used to modify fiber substrates. These physicochemical modifications render the newlinefibers suitable for specialized applications such as food packaging, food spoilage newlinedetection, and wastewater treatment. Existing modification strategies for preparing indicators for food quality monitoring are newlinenot user-friendly, equipment-free, and cannot be used without training and expertise. Newer approaches to the modification of fiber substrates are thus essential to provide newlinesuitable indicators for household settings. There is also a requirement for straightforward methods that quantifies the color to indicate the quality of food and newlinefacilitates its use in domestic environments without personal expertise or laboratory newlinesetup. In this regard, we focused on developing simple physicochemical modifications of fibrous substrates for food-quality monitoring. In our first work, natural jute fiber was subjected to delignification to incorporate pH-sensitive anthocyanins. This indicator was used as a point-of-care colorimetric indicator for monitoring fish quality. -
Feature extraction of clothing texture patterns for classification
Different features are extracted for Pattern Recognition using an efficient algorithms like Scale Invariant Feature Transform, Rotation invariant Radon Transform and extracting statistical features of a texture image. Support vector machine with RBF kernel in Weka is used in this paper for classification. This paper shows method to classify the clothing texture patterns like strips, plaid, pattern less and irregular pattern. This paper also proposes a method which can be efficient method to apply for the real time natural texture patterns and colors recognition systems. This paper gives the experiments results and the proposed method to enhance the experiments accuracy in future scope. 2015 IEEE. -
Sustainable Management of Exotic Fish Biodiversity in Karnataka: Status, Challenges, and Threats
Fish biodiversity, a significant part of the aquatic ecosystem, has been studied widely in India. However, the distribution and diversity of fish species have not been well-researched at the state and/or regional levels. Karnataka is bestowed with 8% of the countrys water resources, which are under extreme pressure because of unregulated population growth, biological invasion, and developmental requirements. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, India has been introducing alien species to its water bodies. Currently, 13.6% of the fish diversity in India is exotic and has been established voluntarily or involuntarily for various purposes. The establishment of invasive alien fishes negatively influences native fish communities around the globe. In general, most publications present the latest status of ichthyofauna in several regions of Karnataka; however, there is no up-to-date documentation on strategic environmental developments and unforeseen challenges, such as invasive alien species (IAS). This study reconstructs existing knowledge while analytically reviewing challenges, potential management techniques, advancements, and the impacts of climate change and disseminates the data necessary for the comprehension of the biological invasion of IAS. 2024, Indian Society for Ecological Economics (INSEE). All rights reserved. -
Biodiversity and Indigenous Medicinal Knowledge of North-East India: Navigating Climate Change Impacts on Medicinal Plants for Conservation and Advancement
The northeastern region of India holds the sixth position among the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots, covering approximately 8% of the nation's total land area, which amounts to 262, 060 square kilometres. Situated in the eastern Himalayas, any alterations in this biodiversity-rich area can have significant and far-reaching consequences. Indigenous tribes of this region believe in the remarkable healing properties of certain medicinal plants, and within its diverse population of around 225 communities, each tribal and sub -tribal group possesses distinct traditional knowledge. Capturing and harnessing this indigenous wisdom by scientists and researchers could unlock new avenues for progress, particularly within the pharmaceutical sector. Climate change stands as one of the paramount global environmental challenges. Predictions indicate that by the close of the 21st century, the Earth's average temperature might rise by anywhere between 0.3 to 4.8 C, accompanied by a potential sea level increase of 26 to 82 cm. These climate shifts could have adverse effects on the abundance and accessibility of medicinal plants, potentially leading to species extinction. Moreover, the impact of climate change could extend beyond availability to also encompass alterations in the pharmacological properties of various plants, particularly those found in alpine environments. This discussion underscores the importance of existing knowledge, critical analyses, challenges, opportunities, and the immense value of medicinal plants. It emphasizes the intersection of changing climate and the vulnerability of medicinal plant resources, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these effects in the context of the North Eastern region of India. To address these challenges, there is a pressing need for in-depth research on the geographical distribution of plant communities and strategies to enhance the secondary synthesis of critically endangered medicinal plants under the current climate change scenarios. The Author(s). -
ON THE GENERALIZED COMPLEMENT OF SOME GRAPHS
In this paper we study the generalized complement of the graph Gm,n = (V, E) for some values of m, n. We study the generalized complement of Gm,n graphs with respect to the equal degree partition. The 2?complement of Gm,n graphs are also determined for m = 2, n is even or odd. In particular, for some values of m, n ? N, we studied the complement of Gm,n graphs with respect to the equal degree partition and the 2?complement of Gm,n graphs. We determine the partitions Pk, k ? N of the vertex set V such that the generalized complement of Gm,n graph is a path graph and a comb graph. 2021, Asia Pacific Academic. All rights reserved. -
A survey on the intersection graphs of ideals of rings
Let L(R) denote the set of all non-trivial left ideals of a ring R. The intersection graph of ideals of a ring R is an undirected simple graph denoted by G(R) whose vertices are in a one-to-one correspondence with L(R) and two distinct vertices are joined by an edge if and only if the corresponding left ideals of R have a non-zero intersection. The ideal structure of a ring reects many ring theoretical properties. There is so much research that has been conducted during the last decade to explore the properties of G(R). This is a survey of the developments in the study on the intersection graphs of ideals of rings since its introduction in 2009. 2022 by the authors. -
A STUDY OF AN UNDIRECTED GRAPH ON A FINITE SUBSET OF NATURAL NUMBERS
Let Gn = (V, E) be an undirected simple graph, whose vertex set comprises of the natural numbers which are less than n but not relatively prime to n and two distinct vertices u, v ? V are adjacent if and only if gcd(u, v) > 1. Connectedness, completeness, minimum degree, maximum degree, independence number, domination number and Eulerian property of the graph Gn are studied in this paper. 2022, RAMANUJAN SOCIETY OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES. All rights reserved. -
Prediction of Depression in Young Adults Using Supervised Learning Algorithm
Over the years, mental health has achieved an essential role in the pertinent development of a human being, and a large part of the population is affected by it. The most commonly affected community being college-going students, and the most common disorders being Anxiety and Depression. Depression is a leading cause of suicide in individuals, where suicide is the second most prevailing reason for death among 1529-year-olds. This study aims to identify the different reasons and other factors associated with depression to predict and determine whether an individual faces depressive disorders. For this research purpose, the most appropriate classifier is selected. The absolute accuracy of the proposed model is 91.17%, i.e., the model can correctly predict whether an individual has depression 91.17% of the time. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Unpaid Work by Women: A State-level Analysis of Evidence from Time-use Survey
Low and declining female labour force participation in India over the past two decades has turned attention to the high unpaid work time spent by women. The question, however, remains whether women spend more time on unpaid work because there are not enough jobs or whether it is time spent on unpaid work that is holding them back from participation in the labour force. Against this backdrop, the present article explores Indias nationally representative time-use survey conducted by National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) to estimate factors that explain variations in time spent by women in unpaid work at the state level. The results show that structural transformation, entailing a reduction in employment in agriculture and an increase in the share of industries in state GDP, does not necessarily entail any reduction in unpaid time spent by women if the technology embodied in industrialisation is not gender-friendly. Worryingly, progress in female literacy recorded by states is no guarantee of a reduction in unpaid work by women. However, a gender-friendly atmosphere does make a difference in the reduction in unpaid work reported by women. Similarly, targeted public policy intervention does relax the constraints that women face at home, with a positive effect on unpaid work time. 2024 Institute for Human Development. -
Investigating the dynamics, synchronization and control of chaos within a transformed fractional SamardzijaGreller framework
In this article, in response to the limitations of existing ecological models, we address the critical need for a more comprehensive understanding of predatorprey dynamics by presenting a modified fractional SamardzijaGreller model that incorporates intra- and inter-species competitions within two predator populations. Our model stands out for being more realistic because it considers the natural competition that occurs among and between two predator species when they share a common prey We derived the local stability conditions at equilibrium points using RouthHurwitz conditions for the modified model. With the help of a suitably chosen Lyapunov function, we also obtained the global stability condition for our fractional model. The existence of chaos has been confirmed through Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation in the new system for two distinct sets of initial conditions for different fractional orders. Employing the active control method, we establish conditions for synchronization between these two fractional systems and introduce control functions for chaos management in the modified model. Numerical simulations, utilizing the generalized AdamsBashforthMoulton method, support the theoretical findings across a spectrum of fractional orders ranging from 0 to 1. We demonstrated the adaptability of the active control method for different fractional orders. A fractional order of ? equal to 1 for synchronization shows rapid convergence, but a drop to ? equal to 0.80 causes a substantial slowdown that takes almost six times more number of iterations to complete. Thus, we shed light on how the fractional order of the system plays a pivotal role in determining the speed of synchronization, with lower orders leading to a noticeable delay and higher fractional orders favoring faster synchronization. Our thorough investigation contributes to the understanding of complex ecological systems and offers practical insights into fractional chaos control mechanisms within the context of predatorprey models. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Unveiling stabilization mechanisms in a chaotic fractional Cryosphere model
This article investigates the influence of chaos control and time delay on a chaotic surface energy balance-mass balance model of the Cryosphere. This research delves into the effectiveness of employing the active control method to stabilize chaotic systems with different fractional orders. Moreover, the investigation uncovers a noteworthy aspect of system dynamics, highlighting the role of time delay as a stabilizing element in chaotic systems. The generalized predictor-corrector method has been used to solve the fractional delayed and non-delayed systems. Numerical simulations show that the addition of time lag confers stability to the chaotic model for fractional orders ? = 1 and 0.95. Remarkably, for ? = 0.90, 0.85, 0.80 and 0.75, the delayed model transitions into an asymptotically stable state, revealing the significant stabilizing effect of time delay. CSP - Cambridge, UK; I&S - Florida, USA, 2024 -
Effects of global warming, time delay and chaos control on the dynamics of a chaotic atmospheric propagation model within the frame of Caputo fractional operator
The Lorenz-84 climate model is a simplified mathematical model that describes the chaotic behavior of atmospheric convection and its impact on global climate patterns. It captures the presence of chaotic behavior in the motion of westerly wind and helps understand the concept of sensitivity to initial conditions. But as observed over the years, the westerlies are gaining more strength due to the rise in atmospheric temperature. In this work, we have modified the old model to observe the changes in the behavior of the system due to global warming and time delay. The modified model has been generalized using Caputo fractional derivative to provide a more accurate representation of the system with memory effect and non-local behavior. The stability of the new model has been tested at all the equilibrium points. Using Picard's operator and Banach's Fixed Point theorem, it has been shown that there exists a unique and bounded solution for the new model. It has been observed that the sole effect of global warming makes the system gradually unstable from chaotic as the fractional order ? is decreased from 0.80 to 0.50. Also, a shift in the bifurcation point has been noticed for the new model. All three Lyapunov exponents have been calculated for different fractional orders to confirm the presence of chaos in the modified model as well. A chaos control law has been constructed for the modified chaotic model using the sliding mode control theory. Interestingly, the chaos disappears completely when the effect of time-delay is considered in the modified model. Since our proposed time-delayed modified model shows an asymptotically stable nature for all fractional orders ? less than 0.85, it is better suited to make more accurate predictions about the strength of the westerlies. 2023 Elsevier B.V.