ItemArticle

Fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) as a protein source in Asian Catfish Clarias batrachus diets: Impacts on growth, blood chemistry profile, liver and gut morphology and economic efficiency

Title
Fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) as a protein source in Asian Catfish Clarias batrachus diets: Impacts on growth, blood chemistry profile, liver and gut morphology and economic efficiency
Creator
Shimul T.J.T.; Kallem P.; Nandi S.K.; Afrin S.; Suma A.Y.; Kari Z.A.; Sukri S.A.M.; Khoo M.I.; Roslan N.A.; Guru A.; Velayudhannair K.; Eissa E.-S.H.; Shahab Uddin M.; Kabir M.A.
Description
The global aquaculture industry is increasingly seeking sustainable alternatives to fishmeal (FM) due to its high price and shortfall in supply. In this context, fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) could emerge as a viable plant protein source for aquafeed. Four isoproteic diets [30 % crude protein (CP)] were formulated, incorporating 50 % total protein from FAWM comprising fermented Azolla diet (D1), Pistia diet (D2), and Eichhornia diet (D3). The control diet (D0) did not contain FAWM. At the end of the 90 days feeding trial, their growth performance, whole-body proximate composition, gut microbial load, haemato-biochemical indices, liver and gut health, and economic efficiency were determined. Fish fed with D0 had significantly (p < 0.05) improved growth performance and feed utilization compared to other treatment groups. Meanwhile, the fish supplemented with D1 diet exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher final weight (g), specific growth rate (%/day), weight gain (%), total biomass (g), and protein efficiency ratio among the FAWM dietary groups. The D1 group also demonstrated the significantly (p < 0.05) highest whole-body CP (64.27 0.40 %) and lower crude lipid (8.24 0.28 %) compared to other test diets. The total bacteria (TB) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the fish gut were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in D1 group. Furthermore, most of the hemato-biochemical indices of fish were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by FAWM inclusions, with few exceptions. The histological findings indicated that amongst the FAWM groups, D1 fish exhibited improved intestinal health. Nonetheless, the gut of the control fish demonstrated substantially (p < 0.05) lower villi width and crypt depth than other treatments. The D1 and D2 diet groups had significantly improved liver health. Moreover, FAWM inclusion enhanced economic efficiency by considerably reducing farm feed cost (US$/kg) and increasing return on investment (%). In summary, dietary inclusion of fermented Azolla pinnata (D1) protein at 50 % in aquafeed promoted feed utilization, growth, health, and farm economics of Asian catfish fingerlings compared to other FAWM diets. 2024 The Authors
Source
Aquaculture Reports, Vol-38
Date
2024-01-01
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Subject
Asian catfish; Fermented aquatic weed meal; Growth performance; Health status; Protein source; Sustainable aquaculture
Coverage
Shimul T.J.T., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Kallem P., Department of Environmental and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, P.O. Box 59911, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Nandi S.K., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Afrin S., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Suma A.Y., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Kari Z.A., Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia, Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia; Sukri S.A.M., Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia, Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia; Khoo M.I., Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, 16150, Malaysia; Roslan N.A., Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Perak, Kampar, 31900, Malaysia; Guru A., Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India; Velayudhannair K., Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore Central Campus, Dharmaram Post, Hosur Road, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560029, India; Eissa E.-S.H., Fish Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt; Shahab Uddin M., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Kabir M.A., Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia
Rights
Restricted Access
Relation
ISSN: 23525134
Format
Online
Language
English
Type
Article

Collection

Articles

Citation

Shimul T.J.T.; Kallem P.; Nandi S.K.; Afrin S.; Suma A.Y.; Kari Z.A.; Sukri S.A.M.; Khoo M.I.; Roslan N.A.; Guru A.; Velayudhannair K.; Eissa E.-S.H.; Shahab Uddin M.; Kabir M.A., “Fermented aquatic weed meal (FAWM) as a protein source in Asian Catfish Clarias batrachus diets: Impacts on growth, blood chemistry profile, liver and gut morphology and economic efficiency,” CHRIST (Deemed To Be University) Institutional Repository, accessed February 25, 2025, https://archives.christuniversity.in/items/show/12842.

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