Biocompatibility and toxicity of nanomaterials in the designing of tools for the diagnosis of infectious diseases

Title

Biocompatibility and toxicity of nanomaterials in the designing of tools for the diagnosis of infectious diseases

Creator

Manuel, Manju

Description

Nanomaterials have revolutionized the landscape of infectious disease diagnostics by offering unparalleled advantages in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and rapidity. However, their integration into diagnostic tools necessitates a profound understanding of their biocompatibility and toxicity profiles to ensure both diagnostic accuracy and patient life. The successful translation of these nanomaterials into practical diagnostic tools hinges on a thorough understanding of their biocompatibility and toxicity. Biocompatibility, a fundamental characteristic of nanomaterials refers to their ability to coexist with biological systems without causing harm or triggering immune responses. This chapter unfolds the pivotal role of biocompatibility assessment, examining the compatibility of nanomaterials with biological systems. In vitro and in vivo evaluation methods, and adherence to regulatory standards, are emphasized as essential components of biocompatibility analysis. Simultaneously, the exploration of nanotoxicity and its hazardous effect highlights the significance of establishing safe exposure limits. Toxicity is a pressing concern when dealing with nanomaterials. The chapter explores the factors that contribute to nanomaterials toxicity, including size-dependent effects, surface modifications, and the route of exposure. It also delves into the mechanisms by which nanomaterials can exert toxicity, such as reactive oxygen species, reaction with surface expanded group, and penetration into the cell. To mitigate the potential risk associated with nanomaterials, the chapter discusses strategies for improving biocompatibility. Finally, it gives a glance into the various tools prepared highlighting the successful integration of biocompatible nanotoxicity of nanomaterials into infectious disease diagnostics. Ultimately, this chapter emphasizes the need for comprehensive biocompatibility and toxicity evaluation as integral components of designing effective and safe diagnostic tools thereby contributing to the advancement of healthcare through cutting-edge nanotechnology. 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

Source

Nano-Biosensor Technologies for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases;pp.449-468

Date

01-01-2025

Publisher

wiley

Subject

Biocompatibility; Infectious diseases; Nanomaterials; Toxicity

Coverage

Manuel M., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India

Rights

Restricted Access; Hardcopy may be available in the library

Relation

ISBN: 978-139428769-7; 978-139428766-6;

Format

online

Language

English

Type

Book chapter

Identifier

https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394287697.ch15

https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010120402?origin=resultslist