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Intrinsic betterness and reason based extrinsic preference towards social shopping: A study among college students in Bangalore
The main purpose of this study is to analyze the Intrinsic and Extrinsic factors and its impact on the social shopping of student community in the city of Bangalore. Bangalore is one of the most popular cities in the down south. This city attracts a mix of various cultures from various countries of the world. Thus, this city and population would be apt to study the social shopping pattern considering the Intrinsic and Extrinsic factors. The data was collected from the student community, perusing their college education in the city of Bangalore. Using convenient sampling method, a sample size of 225 was drawn from educational institutions in the city of Bangalore. The research work makes use of both first hand and second-hand data. The reliability of the data is acceptable as the Cronbach's alphas value is more than. 6. The drafted questionnaire was subjected to expert opinion before the data collection process. The study results make it clear that both intrinsic and extrinsic values motivate the consumers to get involved in the social shopping. But comparatively consumers are more influenced by those factors present in the external environment. It can be concluded by saying that, youngsters are quite smart before putting themselves into the purchase behavior, as they are in a group of friends, they get influenced by various experiences and comments shared by many. In a way social shopping is better, as too many minds generate ideas for a single purchase. 2018 Transilvanian Association for the Literarure and Culture of Romanian People (ASTRA). All rights reserved. -
Intricate Plane of Adversarial Attacks in Sustainable Territory and the Perils faced Machine Intelligent Models
The issue of model security and reliability in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a concern due to adversarial attacks. In order to tackle this issue, researchers have developed sustainable defense strategies, but certain challenges remain. These challenges involve transferability, higher computing costs, and adaptability. Striking a balance between accuracy and robustness is difficult, as defense mechanisms often come with trade-offs between the two. Real-world situations demonstrate the practical implications of sustainable adversarial AI. For example, it improves the security of self-driving vehicles, enhances the accuracy of medical imaging diagnoses, and incorporates AI-driven defenses into network intrusion detection and phishing detection systems. It is crucial to consider ethical aspects throughout this process. Future trends in adversarial AI research for cybersecurity will involve ensemble defense mechanisms, adversarial learning from limited data, and hybrid attacks. By embracing the evolving landscape, researchers and practitioners can develop sustainable AI systems that are more secure and resilient, effectively countering adversarial threats. 2023 IEEE. -
Into the Dark World of User Experience: A Cognitive Walkthrough Study
In this age of AI, the unison of man and machine is going to be more prominent than ever, thus creating a need to understand the underlying framework that is adopted by app designers and developers from a psychological point of view. Research on the various benefits and harmful effects of user experience design and furthermore developing interventions and regulations to moderate the use of dark strategies in digital tools is the need of the hour. This paper calls for an ethical consideration of designing the experience of users by looking at the unethical practices that exist currently. The purpose of the study was to understand the cognitive, behavioural and affective experience of dark patterns in end users. There is a scarcity in the scientific literature with regard to dark patterns. This paper adopts the methodology of user cognitive walkthrough with 6 participants whose transcripts were analysed using thematic network analyses. The results are presented in the form of a thematic network. A few examples of the themes found are the experience of manipulation in users, rebellious attitudes, and automatic or habitual responses. These findings provide a basis for an in-depth understanding of dark patterns in user experience and provide themes that will help future researchers and designers develop ethical and more enriching user experiences for users. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Interventions to help students find a deeper purpose during their academic journey
This comprehensive exploration delves deeply into academic interventions aimed at guiding students toward a more profound sense of purpose throughout their educational journeys. It emphasizes that education offers a unique opportunity for students to discover their passions, interests, and aspirations beyond textbooks and exams. The interventions discussed, including mentorship, career counseling, experiential learning, and self-discovery exercises, are meticulously designed to empower students to recognize their distinct strengths and interests. These interventions not only aim to facilitate academic excellence but also enable students to pursue careers aligned with their core values and aspirations. The exploration scrutinizes effective strategies, programs, and support mechanisms, addressing challenges students face when making career choices, and culminates in recommendations for educators, career counselors, and policymakers interested in enriching students' educational experiences and fostering purpose-driven learners. 2024, IGI Global. -
Interventions for the improvement of social skills in autism spectrum disorder in India: A systematic review
Background: The increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in India is in a gaping contrast with the existing interventions in India. Though several interventions have proved their efficiency in foreign countries, such studies within India are scarce. Aims: This review attempts to systematically examine the different intervention practices that include improvement of social skills in ASD that is practiced in India as revealed through published literature on the same. Methods: Studies published from 2000 to 2020 were selected for the study. Evidence is presented for nine treatment categories: Behavior-based interventions, Developmental Interventions, TEACHH approach, Parent-mediated Interventions, speech-based Interventions, electronics-based interventions, augmentative and alternative communication, play-based interventions and Yoga-based interventions. These studies were drawn from databases Ebsco, Proquest, PubMed, MEDLINE, science direct and Google Scholar. Though a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn without a meta-analysis, the available evidence is gathered and evaluated in the present review. Results: The review has proved to be a reliable summary of the interventions that include improvement of social skills in ASD that is practiced in India. Conclusions: Parent-mediated interventions may be more appropriate for the resource-poor settings of India, when developmental interventions may be more appropriate for the resourcerich settings of India. The scarcity of published literature on the topic in India is also a significant factor that highlighted itself through the research. 2021, Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. All rights reserved. -
Interval-Valued Fuzzy Trees and Cycles
Interval-valued fuzzy tree (IVFT) and interval-valued fuzzy cycle (IVFC) are defined in this chapter. We characterize interval-valued fuzzy trees. We also prove that if G is an IVFG whose underlying crisp graph is not a tree then G is an IVFT if and only if G contains only ? strong arcs and weak arcs. It is shown that an IVFG G whose underlying crisp graph is a cycle is an IVFC if and only if G has at least two ? strong arcs. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Intersection of AI and business intelligence in data-driven decision-making
In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, organizations are inundated with vast amounts of data, making it increasingly challenging to extract meaningful insights and make informed decisions. The traditional business intelligence (BI) approach must often address the complexity and speed required for effective decision-making in this data-rich environment. As a result, many businesses need help to leverage their data to drive sustainable growth and remain competitive. Intersection of AI and Business Intelligence in Data-Driven Decision-Making presents a transformative solution to this pressing challenge. By exploring the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and BI, our book provides a comprehensive framework for leveraging AI-powered BI to revolutionize data analysis, predictive modeling, and decision-making processes. Readers will gain valuable insights into practical applications, emerging trends, and ethical considerations, inspiring and exciting them about the potential of AI in driving business success. Through in-depth discussions, case studies, and best practices, this book equips professionals, researchers, and students with the knowledge and tools needed to navigate the complexities of AI-powered business intelligence. Whether you're looking to predict trends, analyze consumer behavior, or optimize supply chains, this book offers actionable strategies and techniques for implementing AI-powered BI solutions in your organization. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Intersecting Ecocriticism and Gender in Selected Writings of Easterine Kire
The research study, Intersecting Ecocriticism and Gender in Selected newlineWritings of Easterine Kire, analyses the intersection of histories, identities, gender, and ecology to understand the larger context of marginalisation and newlinerepresentation. Indigenous literature often subverts Western worldviews and mainstream discourses with counter-discourse narratives by placing their stories at the centre. In recent times, literature from Indigenous societies has established a position in which Indigenous people represent, resist, newlinedecolonise, and construct their identity. The Indigenous Naga community has experienced marginalisation for decades, having suffered multiple oppressions of their history, stories, knowledge, and lack of rights; however, contemporary literary writings challenged the silencing system through writing back and representation. In her fictional works, Naga author Easterine Kire explores the possibilities of reviving and restoring the Angami Naga community and their newlinelost cultures and identities. Focusing on analysing three important themes: Peoplestories, Ecopolitics, and Gender politics, the study represents Naga histories, emerging identities, gender, and ecological concerns as interpreted in the fiction of Easterine Kire. The objective is to represent Indigenous Naga voices using fictional narratives of Easterine Kire to reclaim, revive, and redefine Indigenous culture and history from an insider s perspective. It also examines how intersecting narratives contribute to the larger context of Naga identity construction. newlineEasterine Kire s writing is a culturally conscious and decolonial strategy in newlinewhich she incorporates her community s oral tradition and storytelling in her fictional narratives. Easterine Kire s narrative engages in a deep conscious cultural revival and reinvention of her community s cultural heritage. -
Interrogating Populist Tendencies within the Left Rhetoric in Kerala
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, there has been an increasing shift from class-based politics to politics based on mobilising "people" within the left-wing political praxis and rhetoric. Such tendencies are visible even within the left rhetoric in Kerala. In the particular context of Kerala, this process is enmeshed with sub-nationalist sentiments and concerns around vikasanam (development). It is possible that this tendency can metamorphose into different directions, depending on the tactical priorities of the left in Kerala. 2022 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. -
Interpreting the Evidence on Life Cycle to Improve Educational Outcomes of Students Based on Generalized ARC-GRU Approach
Research on the effects of teachers' fatigue on students' learning has been significantly less common than research on the effects of teachers' fatigue on teachers' own performance. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to see if teachers' emotional weariness has any bearing on their students' performance in the classroom. Consideration is given to a student's grades and their impressions of whether or not the system receive assistance from teachers, as well as to the student's general outlook on school, confidence in their own abilities, and faith in the availability of faculty support. Data preparation, feature extraction, and model training are the first steps in the proposed approach. Indicators of the quality of the education being provided are eliminated (by outlier removal and feature scaling). k-mean clustering approach is a technique of clustering which is commonly used in feature extraction. Following feature extraction, GARCH-GRU models are trained. The proposed approach is superior to two popular alternatives, ARCH and GRU. Using the provided method, the system were able to achieve a maximum accuracy of 97.07%. 2024 IEEE. -
Interpreting Scope of Predictive Analytics in Advanced Driving Assistant System
Distracted driving, caused by various factors such as human emotions or reading distracting messages on the roadside, has become a leading cause of traffic accidents today. Ensuring the safety of both individuals and vehicles while minimizing maintenance costs poses a significant challenge for the automotive industry. Fortunately, recent advancements in machine learning offer a potential solution. One promising method is the further development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), for which machine learning serves as an ideal solution. The proposed model develops an advanced predictive learning enabled driving assistance system with prediction capabilities like traffic light behavior and parking availability detection. The model gave an optimum accuracy of 98.2% with 50 epochs count and the validation loss retains a constant value of 0.3 over epochs. 2023 IEEE. -
Interplay of illustration narration and metaphor in kolam art with reference to South Indian traditions
The goal of this research was to understand Kolam, from a three layer perspectives: illustration, narration and metaphor, which is practiced for centuries by women in Tamil Nadu, India. The elements of Kolam are dots and lines made with rice flour at the labyrinth of a house every morning. Although the art appears simple in structure when analyzed layer after layer it unfolds unfathomable encoded meanings of a living culture. Previous studies undertaken overlooked the correlation of illustration, narration and metaphor in Kolam which is argued in this study to be the heart of this art. The study used qualitative multimethod approach throughout the research process. Data was collected from multiple sources of selected rural and urban areas of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka with multiple methods. The description, analysis and interpretations lead to the conclusion that a Kolam narrates deep seated legends and living experiences passed over from generation to generation through an art form. Kolam is not just an art practiced in society, but an art that binds together the life of a society. An insider lives and continues the culture through it; an outsider learns to appreciate and respect the culture by it. -
Interplay of financial inclusion and economic growth in emerging economies
This study delves into the complex link between financial inclusionboth traditional and digitaland economic growth across emerging economies from 1990 to 2022, using Dynamic Simulated ARDL and Driscoll-Kraay Standard Error techniques. Key findings highlight that traditional financial inclusion correlates positively with economic growth, whereas digital financial inclusion presents obstacles. Additionally, fiscal, monetary, and trade policies play vital roles: fiscal policies in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico focus on infrastructure, social programs, and tax reforms, respectively, to spur growth. Monetary policies include Brazil's inflation targeting, Turkey's interest rate adjustments, and India's MUDRA scheme, which promotes entrepreneurship. Trade policies, such as Chile's Free Trade Agreements and Mexico's participation in NAFTA, improve market access and economic resilience, while Egypt and Saudi Arabia focus on foreign direct investment and economic diversification. The study emphasizes coordinated policy efforts for sustained growth, advocating for financial inclusion supported by robust regulations and government investments in critical areas like infrastructure and healthcare. Central banks contribute by maintaining price stability and credit access, while strategic trade agreements and export diversification enhance economic resilience. The focus of the study on emerging economies and macro-level insights calls for further research at the micro-level to refine these results. By maintaining policy coherence and regular evaluations, these strategies aim to foster inclusive, long-term economic growth. 2025 The Author(s) -
Interplay between personality and attitude towards emotions with creative self concept among young adults
Creative self-concept, intimately intertwined with the personality traits and plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals behavioral tendencies. Personality traits are largely responsible to influence how people perceive and navigate their creative abilities and self-expression. Moreover, attitudes towards emotions are another key facet of ones psychological landscape, impacting their inclination to perceive, process, and manage emotional experiences. Keeping this view, the present research attempts to explore the interconnectedness of creative self-concept, personality traits, and attitudes towards emotions among young adults, as well as focuses on exploring the predictors of creative self concept. For this purpose participants consisted of 200 young adults with a mean age of 21.20 years. Statistical outcomes revealed that creative self concept is a significant positive correlate of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, attitude towards sadness, and attitude towards fear. Additionally, stepwise multiple regression analysis confirmed that openness (R2 = 27%), neuroticism (R2 = 2%) and attitude towards sadness (R2 = 2%) emerged as the significant predictors of creative self concept. Findings from the current research concludes that for young adults to have self-perception in the realm of creativity, personality traits and attitude towards emotions are significant contributing factors. By recognizing and employing these connections, individuals, educators, counselors, and practitioners can contribute to the cultivation of creativity and personal development. The Author(s) 2024. -
Interpersonal skills score card for students using artificial intelligence and methods thereof /
Patent Number: 202041045225, Applicant: Dr. Usha B A.
The invention discloses a mentoring system capable of improving student™s interpersonal skills in the field of Learning for the betterment of the life of an individual. The feedback system has the capability of generating feedback with better accuracy and hence easily identifying the areas of weaknesses and strengths of the students with respect to leadership interpersonal skills The feedback system has the capability of understanding students from perspectives of all the stakeholders involved, thereby generating a rating with areas of improvement, the system also has the capability of addressing the weaker areas by following a PDCA Cycle. -
Interpenetrated Robust Metal-Organic Framework with Urea-Functionality-Decked Pores for Selective and Ultrasensitive Detection of Antibiotics and Oxo-anions
Conjoining the benefits of structural diversity and deliberate implantation of task-specific sites inside the porous channels, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) not only ensure environmental remediation via acute detection of organic as well as inorganic pollutants but also rationalize structure-performance synergies to devise smarter materials with advanced performances. Herein, we report a urea-functionality-grafted Co(II)-framework (UMOF) based on a mixed ligand approach. The 3-fold interpenetrated and [Co2(COO)4N4] building unit-containing structure exhibits high stability and free-carboxamide-site-decorated microporous channels. Assimilation of high-density hydrogen-bond donor groups plus the ?-electron-rich aromatic ligand benefits the UMOF acting as a selective fluoro-sensor for three noxious antibiotics through remarkable quenching, including nitrofurazone (NFT, Ksv: 3.2 104 M-1), nitrofurantoin (NFZ, Ksv: 3.0 104 M-1), and sulfamethazine (SMZ, Ksv: 3.3 104 M-1) with ppb level limits of detection (LODs, NFT: 110.42, NFZ: 97.89, and SMZ: 78.77). The mechanistic insight of luminescence quenching is supported from density functional theory calculations, which endorse the electron-transfer route via portraying variation in the energy levels of the urea group-affixed linker by individual organo-toxins, besides verifying analyte-linker noncovalent interactions. The framework further demonstrates highly discriminative turn-off detection of oxo-anions with extreme low LODs (Cr2O72-: 73.35; CrO42-: 189; and MnO4-: 49.96 ppb). Of note is the reusability of the UMOF toward multicyclic sensing of all the organic and inorganic analytes besides their fast-responsive detection, where variable magnitudes of energy-transfer contributions unequivocally authenticate the turn-off event. 2023 American Chemical Society. -
Interparental Conflict and Young Adult Romantic Relationships: A Systematic Review
In the last two decades, researchers have been progressively investigating the impact of interparental conflict (IPC) on young adults romantic relationships. This systematic review aimed to synthesize literature on IPC and romantic relationship outcomes among young adults and highlight mechanisms found in this link. Following the PRISMA protocol, 3232 studies were identified using Boolean searches on ProQuest, PubMed, EBSCOhost, Jstor, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, and 17 met the eligibility criteria. To be included, in addition to having IPC and romantic relationship outcomes as variables, studies had to be quantitative in design, have a mean sample age of 1825, include only participants in romantic relationships at the time of the study, and be published in English with full text available. The review found that IPC is associated with negative conflict management, both perpetration and victimization of aggression, worse communication, negative conflict behaviors, and poor relationship quality. Other outcomes like relationship satisfaction, commitment, as well as mediator variables in the link between IPC and young adult romantic relationship outcomes, such as attitudes towards marriage and conflict attributions, yielded varied results. Several shortcomings in the methodology of the reviewed articles, such as the research sample and measures, were discovered. To deal with the impact of IPC on offsprings romantic relationships, preventive interventions should be designed and evaluated, and more research with different variables and study designs, with more men, other ethnicities, and more representative sample frames are needed to detect crucial mediators and obtain reliable and generalizable results. The Author(s) 2022. -
Internet of things: Service-oriented architecture opportunities and challenges
Internet of Things is now a subject that is increasingly growing on both the job and modern devices. It is a concept that maybe not just get the potential to influence how we live but in addition how we work. Intelligent systems in IoT machines in many cases are used by various events; consequently, simultaneous information collection and processing are often anticipated. Such a characteristic that is exclusive of systems has imposed brand new challenges towards the designs of efficient data collection processes. This article is to be discussing various layers in Internet of things. Those layers are sensing layer, network layer, service layer and application layer. Various data processing techniques are integrated along with data filtering and data conversion. Protocol transformation is also feeling the major challenges faced by enterprises wanting to shift to the style in brand new technology. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020. -
Internet of Things: Immersive Healthcare Technologies
Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as a system that consists of a group of things where information is exchanged with the help of the internet, sensors, and devices. The boom of IoT is mainly because of the factor that it does not require human influence and can take place independently in utilizing digital information from physical devices. The main concern is how the integration of these technologies creates unique applications for the ease of human life. This chapter discusses various technologies of IoT in healthcare and their numerous applications in medical field. It also introduces the involvement of augmented reality that is acquiring a new dimension in the Internet of Things. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Internet of things-based virtual private social networks on a text messaging strategy on mobile platforms
A virtual private social network (VPSN) allows a device to communicate securely with a network via the internet. Confidential data may be sent more securely thanks to the encrypted connection; it allows the user to operate remotely and prevents unauthorised parties from listening in. A mobile messaging platform is a text-enabled mailbox on the web. They enable companies and organisations to communicate with clients via text message. Social networking organisations may now use compute resources as a utility instead of creating and managing their computer infrastructures thanks to cloud computing (CC). An example of how a distributed sensor-actor environment might be used in a sociology-technical network is shown in this paper. The results are obtained as regular media access actively is 85.7%, security services in IoT is 85.37%, text attackers is 83.6%, loss of information is 82.8%, and blocking text messages is 91.48%. Copyright 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.