Browse Items (16481 total)
Sort by:
-
Firefly Algorithm andDeep Neural Network Approach forIntrusion Detection
Metaheuristic optimization has grown in popularity as a way for solving complex issues that are difficult to solve using traditional methods. With fast growth of the available storage space and processing capabilities of the modern computers, the machine learning domain, that can be succinctly formulated as the process of enabling the computers to make successful forecasts based on the previous experiences, has recently been under spectacular growth. This paper presents intrusion detection approach by utilizing hybrid method between firefly algorithm and deep neural network. The basic firefly algorithm, as a frequently employed swarm intelligence method, has several known deficiencies, and to overcome them, an enhanced firefly algorithm was proposed and used in this manuscript. For experimental purposes, KDD Cup 99 and NSL-KDD datasets from Kaggle and UCL repositories were taken and comparison with other frameworks that have been validated for the same datasets was executed. Based on simulation data, proposed method was able to establish better values for accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, sensitivity and specificity metrics than other approaches. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
The NGO research culture in zimbabwe: Its anatomy, architecture and typology /
International Journal of Science and Research, Vol-2 (12), pp. 50-61. ISSN 2319-7064. -
Corporate governance practices and shareholder protection in India
The present study aims to study the corporate governance practices and shareholder protection among Indian companies. For this purpose a sample of 100 companies are selected. The selected companies listed in BSE 100 Index. The required data are collected from various secondary sources like company website, annual report, notices and annual general meeting. Data were collected using a structured schedule adapted from G20/OECD principles of corporate governance. The finding of the study indicates that out of the selected companies, the level of practicing the corporate governance are not the same. The result of this study will help investors in identifying the companies for their investment, based on their priorities by keeping corporate governance scorecard as a benchmark. It will also be helpful for companies to see their scorecard and check the parameters for improvement and to attract and safeguard the investors and other stakeholders. This study will also add value to the existing literature in their relevant field. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Effects of green energy and productivity on environmental sustainability in BRICS economies: The role of natural resources rents
By developing a theoretical framework, this paper constructs two models for environmental sustainability, each with an ecological footprint and CO2 emissions. The empirical study considers panel data from Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) based on the need for consistent economic growth with minimum environmental cost in these five major emerging countries. The data period ranges from 1994 to 2018. According to the findings from several estimation techniques, total factor productivity and renewable energy consumption improve environmental quality. However, natural resources rents and economic growth are detrimental to environmental sustainability. Therefore, it is concluded that the mere blind use of natural resources to achieve economic growth without raising productivity and green energy is ecologically unsustainable. Appropriate policies are discussed to promote the productivity of governments via emerging technologies and digitalisation. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Low temperature performance evaluation of asphalt binders and mastics based on relaxation characteristics
Low temperature cracking is one of the main distresses of asphalt pavement in cold regions. Stress relaxation characteristics is critical for cracking resistance of asphalt materials, especially at low temperatures, but there are few studies on the relaxation characteristic of asphalt mastics. To evaluate the effects of relaxation characteristics of asphalt binders and mastics on its low temperature performance, beam bending relaxation test was carried out through dynamic thermomechanical analyzer at low temperatures. Relaxation rate and relaxation time were proposed to illustrate the relaxation characteristics of asphalt binders and mastics. Then, the low-temperature performance of asphalt binders and mastics was evaluated by bending beam rheometer (BBR), glass transition temperature (Tg), and single edge notch beam bending test. Finally, the correlation of relaxation characteristics with low-temperature properties was analyzed based on Pearsons correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The results show that the elasticity of asphalt mastics increases with incorporation of mineral fillers and thus the viscous deformation potential is reduced, which affects the stress relaxation capability. The low-temperature cracking performance of asphalt mastics is indeed compromised as compared with asphalt binders, and the asphalt mastics prepared with fly ash performs the worst since it presents a stronger hardening effect. Fracture energy is determined not to be suitable for evaluating the low-temperature performance of asphalt mastics since its results contradict the BBR and Tg tests. The maximum displacement at fracture can better characterize the brittleness of asphalt materials at low temperatures. The relaxation characteristic index has the strongest correlation with Tg of asphalt binders and mastics, followed by maximum displacement at fracture and comprehensive compliance parameter (Jc). The correlation coefficients are almost larger than 0.5, suggesting that relaxation time and relaxation rate can characterize the low-temperature properties of asphalt binders and mastics. 2022, RILEM. -
Effects of Financial and Trade Globalization on Total Factor Productivity Growth in Emerging Economies
This article considers the annual sample from 1984 to 2019 in a panel dataset of 20 emerging economies (i.e. Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand, and Turkey) given by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI), to explore the effects of trade and financial globalization on total factor productivity (TFP) growth. It considers domestic credit to the private sector by banks as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), labor force, and total gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP as control variables in the total factor productivity function. The article considers the direct effects of trade and financial globalization. It also checks the moderating impact of domestic credit on TFP. The long-run estimation shows that domestic credit, labor force, and financial globalization reduce TFP growth, whereas investments and trade globalization enhance it. Interestingly, their moderating effect enhances TFP in the long run. The policy implications are also discussed. 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Financial Development Convergence: Evidence from Top and Bottom Globalised Developing Economies
This paper investigates the pattern of the financial development convergence for the top (Europe and Central Asia) and the bottom (South Asia) globalized developing regions from 1984 to 2016. We employ the Philips-Sul club convergence approach to measure the financial development convergences speed. The results validate the convergence of financial development in all countries, including the top and bottom of globalized developing regions. Interestingly, the speed of financial development convergence is less in the bottom globalized developing region than in the top globalized developing region. However, these results vary across developing regions in the case of financial institutions and financial markets. Therefore, solid financial market governance can provide a productive and efficient financial system, particularly in the bottom globalized economies. 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Propagation of SH Waves in Piezo-Flexoelectric-Layered Structures with Imperfect Interfaces: Analytical Formulation and Data-Driven Surrogates
This study presents an analytical and data-driven investigation of shear-horizontal (SH) wave propagation in layered piezo-flexoelectric (PFE) materials with imperfect interfaces. The novelty lies in integrating flexoelectric coupling and interfacial defects within a unified dispersion framework, supported by physics-consistent machine-learning surrogates for efficient parametric analysis. Governing electromechanical equations are formulated and solved under mechanical, electrical, and interfacial continuity conditions to derive dispersion relations linking phase velocity with wavenumber, flexoelectric parameters, and interface stiffness under electrically open and short-circuited boundary conditions. The results show that flexoelectric effects strongly influence dispersion at short wavelengths, while interface imperfections significantly reduce phase velocity and increase attenuation sensitivity. Electrically open conditions enhance electromechanical coupling, whereas short-circuit conditions suppress dispersion sensitivity. To accelerate large-scale evaluations, surrogate models are developed that accurately reproduce analytical dispersion behavior with substantially reduced computational cost. The proposed hybrid framework provides improved insight into guided wave mechanics in stratified smart materials and offers an efficient tool for the analysis and design of piezo-flexoelectric structures in sensing and MEMS applications. World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. -
The Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (c-VEDA): an accelerated longitudinal cohort of children and adolescents in India
The global burden of disease attributable to externalizing disorders such as alcohol misuse calls urgently for effective prevention and intervention. As our current knowledge is mainly derived from high-income countries such in Europe and North-America, it is difficult to address the wider socio-cultural, psychosocial context, and genetic factors in which risk and resilience are embedded in low- and medium-income countries. c-VEDA was established as the first and largest India-based multi-site cohort investigating the vulnerabilities for the development of externalizing disorders, addictions, and other mental health problems. Using a harmonised data collection plan coordinated with multiple cohorts in China, USA, and Europe, baseline data were collected from seven study sites between November 2016 and May 2019. Nine thousand and ten participants between the ages of 6 and 23 were assessed during this time, amongst which 1278 participants underwent more intensive assessments including MRI scans. Both waves of follow-ups have started according to the accelerated cohort structure with planned missingness design. Here, we present descriptive statistics on several key domains of assessments, and the full baseline dataset will be made accessible for researchers outside the consortium in September 2019. More details can be found on our website [cveda.org]. 2020, Springer Nature Limited. -
Applications of bioconvection for tiny particles due to two concentric cylinders when role of Lorentz force is significant
The bioconvection flow of tiny fluid conveying the nanoparticles has been investigated between two concentric cylinders. The contribution of Lorenz force is also focused to inspect the bioconvection thermal transport of tiny particles. The tiny particles are assumed to flow between two concentric cylinders of different radii. The first cylinder remains at rest while flow is induced due to second cylinder which rotates with uniform velocity. Furthermore, the movement of tiny particles follows the principle of thermophoresis and Brownian motion as a part of thermal and mass gradient. Similarly, the gyro-tactic microorganisms swim in the nanofluid as a response to the density gradient and constitute bio-convection. The problem is modeled by using the certain laws. The numerical outcomes are computed by using RKF-45 method. The graphical simulations are performed for flow parameters with specific range like 1?Re?5, 1?Ha?5, 0.5?Nt?2.5, 1?Nb?3, 0.2?Sc?1.8, 0.2?Pe?1.0 and 0.2???1.0. It is observed that the flow velocity decreases with the increase in the Hartmann number that signifies the magnetic field. This outcome indicates that the flow velocity can be controlled externally through the magnetic field. Also, the increase in the Schmidt numbers increases the nanoparticle concentration and the motile density. 2022 Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
-
Developing a democratic constitutional framework through a people driven constitution making process for zimbabwe
Zimbabweans are currently grappling with the question of how to produce a national peopledriven democratic constitution as a permanent solution to the country s myriad problems of poor governance, violent bloody electoral political conflicts, sham elections, governmental illegitimacy, corruption, economic collapse, unemployment, social disintegration, and international isolation. The purpose of the study was to explore a people-driven democratic newlineconstitution-making process that the people of Zimbabwe want. The study was largely newlinebased on phenomenology research philosophy supported by mixed methods of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. The researcher s mental model conceptual newlineframework consisting of operational definitions of terms in chapter 1 was used to guide the exploratory study and to measure data in qualitative analysis. Descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages were used to measure data in quantitative analysis. The research population comprising the people of Zimbabwe was segmented into two classes of research units: individuals segment; and institutions segment. The institutions segment was further subdivided into six subsidiary segments. Using a non probability purposive sampling method, 1120 individuals and 67 institutions were selected to inform the study. Institutions were interviewed and observed while individuals completed a questionnaire. The phenomenological inductive study discovered major findings of contextual meanings of newlinephenomena associated with a people-driven democratic constitution-making process for newlineZimbabwe such as the people, the constitution, constitution-making, and people-driven. One of the major notable findings revealed by the study is that institutions or organizations are not people, and as such, they cannot make, author or write a constitution. The people think and originate ideas as individuals not as groups, institutions or organizations. Another newlinenotable major finding is that a constitution is made up of ideas not papers. -
Robust Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory-Based Class Imbalance Handling in Dyslexia Prediction at its Early Stage
Dyslexia is a neurological condition that presents difficulties and obstacles in learning, particularly in reading. Early diagnosis of dyslexia is crucial for children, as it allows the implementation of appropriate resources and specialized software to enhance their skills. However, the evaluation process can be expensive, time-consuming, and emotionally challenging. In recent years, researchers have turned to machine learning and deep learning techniques to detect dyslexia using datasets obtained from educational and healthcare institutions. Despite the existence of several deep learning models for dyslexia prediction, the problem of handling class imbalance significantly impacts the accuracy of detection. Therefore, this study proposes a robust deep learning model based on a variant of long short-term memory (LSTM) to address this issue. The advantage of Bidirectional LSTM, which has the ability to traverse both forward and backward, improves the pattern of understanding very effectively. Still, the problem of assigning values to the hyper-parameters in BLSTM is the toughest challenge which has to be assigned in a random manner. To overcome this difficulty, the proposed model induced a behavioral model known as Red Fox Optimization algorithm (RFO). Based on the inspiration of red fox searching behavior, this proposed work utilized the local and the global search in assigning and fine-tuning the values of hyper-parameters to handle the class imbalance in dyslexia dataset. The performance evaluation is conducted using two different dyslexia datasets (i.e., dyslexia 12_14 & real-time dataset). The simulation results explore that the proposed robust Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory accomplishes the highest detection rate with reduced error rate compared to other deep learning models. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Effectiveness of interventions to address obesity and health risk behaviours among people with severe mental illness in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): A systematic review and meta analysis
Introduction People with severe mental illness (SMI) are more likely to have obesity and engage in health risk behaviours than the general population. The aims of this study are (1) evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that focus on body weight, smoking cessation, improving sleeping patterns, and alcohol and illicit substance abuse; (2) Compare the number of interventions addressing body weight and health risk behaviours in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) v. those reported in published systematic reviews focusing on high-income countries (HICs). Methods Intervention studies published up to December 2020 were identified through a structured search in the following database; OVID MEDLINE (1946-December 2020), EMBASE (1974-December 2020), CINAHL (1975-2020), APA PsychoINFO (1806-2020). Two authors independently selected studies, extracted study characteristics and data and assessed the risk of bias. and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool V2. We conducted a narrative synthesis and, in the studies evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to address body weight, we conducted random-effects meta-analysis of mean differences in weight gain. We did a systematic search of systematic reviews looking at cardiometabolic and health risk behaviours in people with SMI. We compared the number of available studies of LMICs with those of HICs. Results We assessed 15 657 records, of which 9 met the study inclusion criteria. Six focused on healthy weight management, one on sleeping patterns and two tested a physical activity intervention to improve quality of life. Interventions to reduce weight in people with SMI are effective, with a pooled mean difference of -4.2 kg (95% CI -6.25 to -2.18, 9 studies, 459 participants, I2 = 37.8%). The quality and sample size of the studies was not optimal, most were small studies, with inadequate power to evaluate the primary outcome. Only two were assessed as high quality (i.e. scored 'low' in the overall risk of bias assessment). We found 5 reviews assessing the effectiveness of interventions to reduce weight, perform physical activity and address smoking in people with SMI. From the five systematic reviews, we identified 84 unique studies, of which only 6 were performed in LMICs. Conclusion Pharmacological and activity-based interventions are effective to maintain and reduce body weight in people with SMI. There was a very limited number of interventions addressing sleep and physical activity and no interventions addressing smoking, alcohol or harmful drug use. There is a need to test the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of context-appropriate interventions to address health risk behaviours that might help reduce the mortality gap in people with SMI in LMICs. The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press. -
Developing a democratic constitutional framework through a people-driven constitution making process for zimbabwe /
International Journal of Science and Research, Vol.2, Issue 8, pp. 10-16. ISSN-2319-7064.
This research paper is on a study of how Zimbabwe can produce a democratic people-driven constitution as a permanent solution to the country's problems of poor governance, violent political conflicts, economic collapse, social disintegration, and international isolation. The purpose of the study was to explore a people-driven democratic constitution-making process that Zimbabweans want. Two groups of research units comprised of 1 120 individuals and 67 institutions were used. The inquiry discovered contextual meaning of six phenomena associated with a people-driven democratic constitution-making process. The study recommends a constitution-making process model that Zimbabwe should adopt to produce a people-driven constitution democratically. -
Does waste management matter inthemedical materials business performance?
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of waste management and innovational capability on business performance in the medical materials industry. Design/methodology/approach Partial least square-structure equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis. Convenience sampling was used to collect the responses, and questionnaires were distributed among a wide variety of stakeholders in the industry, including online and in-person managerial employees and specialists in waste management. Findings The result of this study revealed that eco-innovation has a significant relationship with waste management. However, green organizational climates have a significant relationship with waste management. Furthermore, environmental and social aspects have a positive moderation impact between eco-innovation and waste management. In addition, waste management mediates the relationship between innovational capability and business performance. Originality/value This study contributes to the resource-based view theory by demonstrating the direct impact of eco-innovation and green organizational climate on waste management and illustrates the indirect impact of innovational capability on business performance through waste management. 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited -
Investigate the distinctive link between a balanced scorecard and organizational performance in ITand non-IT sectors
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of a balanced scorecard (BSC) affects business outcomes in both information technology (IT) and non-IT sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. A random sample was used to collect 170 responses from the IT companies and 166 from non-IT companies by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was distributed to the top- and middle-level managers in Bangalore city, and we used SmartPLS software to explore the relationship between our research constructs. Findings: The results of this study indicate that a BSC has a significant and positive impact on organizational performance in IT and non-IT sectors. The main distinction in this study is that all BSC perspectives [learning and growth perspective, internal business process (IBP) perspective, customer perspective (CP) and financial perspective (FP)] have a significant, direct and indirect impact on IT companies. On the other hand, solely three BSC perspectives (IBP perspective, CP and FP) have a significant impact on non-IT companies, while learning and growth perspective has an insignificant impact on the FP. Originality/value: This study provides a critical theoretical and practical contribution of a BSC on business performance in IT and non-IT industries. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Investigate the distinctive link between a balanced scorecard and organizational performance in ITand non-IT sectors
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of a balanced scorecard (BSC) affects business outcomes in both information technology (IT) and non-IT sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. A random sample was used to collect 170 responses from the IT companies and 166 from non-IT companies by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was distributed to the top- and middle-level managers in Bangalore city, and we used SmartPLS software to explore the relationship between our research constructs. Findings: The results of this study indicate that a BSC has a significant and positive impact on organizational performance in IT and non-IT sectors. The main distinction in this study is that all BSC perspectives [learning and growth perspective, internal business process (IBP) perspective, customer perspective (CP) and financial perspective (FP)] have a significant, direct and indirect impact on IT companies. On the other hand, solely three BSC perspectives (IBP perspective, CP and FP) have a significant impact on non-IT companies, while learning and growth perspective has an insignificant impact on the FP. Originality/value: This study provides a critical theoretical and practical contribution of a BSC on business performance in IT and non-IT industries. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Galerkin finite element analysis of magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection of Cu-water nanoliquid in a baffled U-shaped enclosure
In this paper, single-phase homogeneous nanofluid model is proposed to investigate the natural convection of magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Newtonian CuH2O nanoliquid in a baffled U-shaped enclosure. The Brinkman model and Wasp model are considered to measure the effective dynamic viscosity and effective thermal conductivity of the nanoliquid correspondingly. Nanoliquid's effective properties such as specific heat, density and thermal expansion coefficient are modeled using mixture theory. The complicated PDS (partial differential system) is treated for numeric solutions via the Galerkin ?nite element method. The pertinent parameters Hartmann number (1 ? Ha ? 60), Rayleigh number (103 ? Ra ? 106) and nanoparticles volume fraction (0% ? ? ? 4%) are taken for the parametric analysis, and it is conducted via streamlines and isotherms. Excellent agreement between numerical results and open literature. It is ascertained that heat transfer rate enhances with Rayleigh number Ra and volume fraction ?, however it is diminished for larger Hartmann number Ha. 2020 Beihang University -
Smart Healthcare Systems and Artificial Intelligence: Leveraging Data-Driven Solutions in Healthcare
Smart healthcare systems, powered by artificial intelligence (AI), enables drastic shift in healthcare sector. The benefits of data-driven solutions anchored in advanced disease diagnosis, efficient administrative records management, and operational efficiency. AI algorithms, including machine learning and deep learning, enable real-time data analysis from diverse sources such as Internet of medical Things (IoMT), wearable devices, and medical imaging. This facilitates early disease detection, personalized treatment plans, and predictive analytics, leading to improved health outcomes. Additionally, AI-powered systems optimize resource management, reduce human error, and streamline administrative tasks. While challenges such as data privacy, integration complexities, and ethical concerns exist, the potential of smart healthcare systems to revolutionize healthcare delivery is undeniable. This study explores the role of AI in advancing smart healthcare, focusing on the integration of data-driven technologies to create a more efficient, accessible, and patient-centered healthcare ecosystem. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.