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Evolving CSR: Ethical Leadership in Environmental Challenges and Sustainable Consumption
This chapter explores the evolution of CSR from simple philanthropy to strategic core in modern business. The best way to incorporate them is within the strategies of a corporation so that their effects are both effective and sustainable. This Chapter give more inputs on Ethical leadership in context of modern CSR; otherwise, firms are drawn toward a superficial greenwashing rather than an authentic stewardship for society and the environment. There are two basic CSR models discussed in this chapter. One, Carroll's CSR Pyramid, and the second one is the Triple Bottom Line model, where the organization frames CSR as three- dimensional responsibility toward people, profit, and planet. Chapter also include CSR Supporting Governance and responsibility. The Chapter also include example by Patagonia, for instance, tangible benefits through CSR would be the building up of brand reputation. Further, the chapter extends environmental impacts of CSR on Consumer Consumption regarding carbon reduction, renewable energy & Others. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Evolving corporate sustainable development: a case study of Mysore Paper Mills Limited
In 1987, the World Commission on Economic Development (WCED) popularized the term sustainable development in its well-cited report, Our Common Future. According to this report, sustainable development is defined as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The WCED asserted that sustainable development required simultaneous adoption of environmental, economical, and equity principles. Bansal (Strategic Management Journal, 26(3), 197218, 2005) has conducted a study of Canadian firms in the oil and gas, mining, and forestry industries from 1986 to 1995. The study found that both resources based and institutional factors influence corporate sustainable development. This paper studied the corporate sustainable development of Mysore Paper Mills Ltd. from 1995 to 2011 using the same model. The study found that independent variables with significant impact on environmental integrity and overall sustainability were fines, penalties, court cases (total) involved by the company, and log of total assets. On economic prosperity, the independent variable with significant impact is log of total assets. For social equity, the independent variable with significant impact is foreign sales as percentage of total sales, number of fines/penalties/court cases (total), number of fines/penalties/court cases (environmental), log(total assets), and return on equity. 2013, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. -
Evolutionized industry with the Internet of Things
Technological development has led us to various paths. Though each technological change has evolved in its own space and time, it resulted in amenities and a pragmatic approach to problem-solving. One such technology is the "Internet of Things" - IoT which was coined in the year 1999 by a computer scientist called Kevin Ashton. Despite its start in the late 90s, it has come a long way to achieve the status of 10 Billion active IoT devices by the end of 2021, with the IoT solutions costing an estimated economic value of 4-11 trillion by 2025. 2023, IGI Global. -
Evolutionary multiple instance boosting framework for weakly supervised learning
Multiple instance boosting (MILBoost) is a framework which uses multiple instance learning (MIL) with boosting technique to solve the problems regarding weakly labeled inexact data. This paper proposes an enhanced multiple boosting frameworkevolutionary MILBoost (EMILBoost) which utilizes differential evolution (DE) to optimize the combination of weak classifier or weak estimator weights in the framework. A standard MIL dataset MUSK and a binary classification dataset Hastie_10_2 are used to evaluate the results. Results are presented in terms of bag and instance classification error and also confusion matrix of test data. 2021, The Author(s). -
Evolutionary algorithm based feature extraction for enhanced recommendations
A major challenge to Collaborative Filtering systems is high dimensional and sparse data which they have to deal with. Feature selection techniques partly address this problem by reducing the feature space and retaining only a representative subset of features. However these techniques do not address the sparsity problem which affects both quality and quantity of recommendations. A more promising direction would be to construct/extract new features which are low dimensional, dense and have more discriminative power. Content based construction of features has been explored in the past. This work proposes a evolutionary algorithm based feature extraction techniques which discover hidden features with high discriminative capacity. Such an approach offers the advantage of discovering features even in the absence of additional information such as item contents etc. The proposed approach is contrasted with content based feature extraction techniques through experiments and the ability of the new approach in discovering interesting and useful features is established. -
Evolution, Trends, and Future Developments of Business Intelligence
A decision-making process backed by the integration and evaluation of an organization's data resources is referred to as business intelligence. Since information has been recognized as a business's most valuable asset, it is a crucial resource for its growth and plays an increasingly important role in a variety of organization kinds. This research article examines the history of business intelligence technologies, their relevance in current times, and all the future developments that seem possible. Organizations are transforming into various approaches based on the information and networking in the twenty-first century in response to a chaotic and ambiguous environment marked by hazy organizational boundaries and rapid change. Knowledge-based assets become apparent to be the core of long-term strategic edge and the cornerstone of success in the twenty-first century in such situations. The primary characteristics of business intelligence are determined by data analysis, processing, and visualization. Relational tables are used by business intelligence technologies to store and display a lot of organized and unstructured data. They utilize specialized tools and mathematics to produce intricate visual reports. This research has been aggravated to focus on the upcoming strategic revolution in the market with numerous cutting-edge business intelligence technologies. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Evolution of Virtual Prey using a Virtual Predator
Can evolution happen on a computer is it possible for Images to evolve? This paper tries to show that Mother Nature has got it right and evolution is the future for programs. How many times will a new release come to solve my previous problem and in the process create new problems! Evolution can happen on a computer is very clear in this work titled Evolution of a Virtual Prey using a Virtual Predator. The Virtual Prey can evolve its skin color based on an Artificial Intelligent Virtual Predator. Monochrome patterns have evolved very successfully. Some repeatable patterns in the Brodatz Texture Database have also evolved. Charles Darwin in his famous book Origin of Species suggests that evolution takes place using a method he termed Natural Selection. Survival of fittest has to be considered in context of the environment in which the species are living. One of the criteria of survival depends on whether the specie was able to propagate before it was hunted down by a predator. For example the skin color of a prey like an insect evolves to match the background it is living on such that the predators like birds and frogs will not detect them. Assume there are thousand insects on a surface and if nine hundred and ninety are eaten over a period of time are eaten. Then the last 10 will be those which have got skin color, pattern, and texture closest to the original. Some findings have been in the comparison of different genetic operators to evolve specie. Use of Mutation and Crossover operator is critical. Some level of continuation is required in the next generation to maintain and not lose the quality which has been already attained. The number of generations required depend on DNA length and on the correct use of these three parameters.. The runtime from thirty minutes has been reduced to ten minutes to evolve specie of 100 plus variables in the DNA of the images. If we are ready to run the program for a day on multiple machine in parallel then the possibilities of great diversity is very much possible. The predator will be an algorithm which tries to do a basic computer vision operation of correlating two images and ranking them. Then it eliminates a certain percentage of the population. The dissertation is broken down in chapters. Chapter 1 gives the Introduction and Chapter 2 gives an idea of what all research is happening in this area. Chapter 3 is the core content of my work and it shows the different approaches I have used to evolve textures, the use of different operators. This chapter is followed by the testing I had to do due to the complexity of the application and high chance of error creeping into the results. An idea of the application can be got from the Appendix where I have given a walk through of the Zing World -
Evolution of sustainable business models: A study of past, present, and future
This chapter explores the transformative impact of sustainable business models, tracing their evolution across past, present, and future. It highlights early efforts to balance profitability with environmental and social responsibility and examines how digital technologies-such as AI, blockchain, and IoT-have accelerated this shift. These technologies enhance resource efficiency, reduce waste, and improve supply chain transparency, demonstrated through case studies of leading firms. Emerging trends like circular economies, stakeholder capitalism, and regulatory innovation are discussed alongside challenges like digital equity, data privacy, and infrastructure impacts. The chapter emphasizes collaboration among stakeholders to align digitalization with sustainability, fostering resilient, equitable, and environmentally responsible practices. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Evolution of Single-Session Therapy: A Bibliometric Analysis
OBJECTIVE: This bibliometric analysis aimed to explore the publication and citation metrics of the research literature on single-session therapy (SST) to understand its current status, trends, and future prospects. METHODS: Seventy-five keywords were validated by subject matter experts. Publications from 1972 through September 2023 were extracted from the bibliometric website Lens.org. Publication trends, citation patterns, prominent journals, and influential authors were examined as part of the bibliometric analysis. Citation network analysis, bibliographic coupling of authors, and coauthorship network analysis were also performed. RESULTS: A total of 301 SST publications, including 18 books, 85 book chapters, and 176 journal articles, were found, published by 493 authors. The citation- and publication-related metrics suggested a growing level of subject matter expertise over time. Initially, single-author publications held more prominence than collaborative work, but this pattern shifted. From 2011 to 2020, scholarly interest surged, resulting in 144 publications during this period. CONCLUSIONS: This bibliometric analysis, the first systematic exploration of the SST knowledge base, can be used to expand and enrich future SST research. -
Evolution of primordial dark matter planets in the early Universe
In a recent paper we had discussed possibility of DM at high redshifts forming primordial planets composed entirely of DM to be one of the reasons for not detecting DM (as the flux of ambient DM particles would be consequently reduced). In this paper we discuss the evolution of these DM objects as the Universe expands. As Universe expands there will be accretion of DM, helium and hydrogen layers (discussed in detail) on these objects. As they accumulate more and more mass, the layers get heated up leading to nuclear reactions which burn H and He when a critical thickness is reached. In the case of heavier masses of these DM objects, matter can be ejected explosively. It is found that the time scale of ejection is smaller than those from other compact objects like neutron stars (that lead to x-ray bursts). These flashes of energy could be a possible observational signature for these dense DM objects. 2021 COSPAR -
Evolution of Policing: Historical Contexts and Human Rights Implications
This chapter examines the evolution of policing, tracing its historical roots and the complex interplay between law enforcement practices and human rights. It highlights the transformation of policing from its early functions, which were often aligned with maintaining social control and serving the interests of those in power, to contemporary efforts aimed at reform and accountability. The discussion includes significant milestones, such as the establishment of police systems in India, which were influenced by the British Police Act of 1861, and the ongoing challenges faced by modern policing, including issues of police brutality, systemic racism, and extrajudicial killings. The discussion extends to the global implications of policing practices, addressing issues such as police brutality, systemic racism, and extrajudicial killings that transcend national boundaries. This chapter emphasises the need for comprehensive reforms that not only address policy changes but also foster a cultural shift within police organisations to prioritise human rights and community engagement. By analysing the historical legacies and current practices of policing, this chapter aims to provide a nuanced understanding of how law enforcement can evolve to better protect the rights and dignity of all individuals in society. 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Evidence-Based Interventions for Improved Psychosocial Outcomes in Harmful Alcohol Use: A Scoping Review
Background. Harmful alcohol use is defined as a drinking pattern that lasts at least one month or has occurred often during the preceding 12 months and that negatively impacts multiple facets of life. It has a high recurrence rate and a poor prognosis, despite the availability of cognitive-behavioral and psychosocial therapy. Emerging neuromodulation techniques for treating harmful alcohol use are gaining traction in the field of psychotherapy, but knowing their efficacy in terms of psychosocial outcomes necessitates an adjuvant approach. This scoping review aims to investigate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of various psychosocial interventions that improve quality of life (QoL) dimensions in conjunction with neurotherapies for individuals with harmful alcohol use. Methods. The review utilized a five-stage technique to search for research papers from 2000 to 2022. After screening and reviewing 41 full-text papers, 29 were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Conclusion. The articles highlighted the advantages of integrated therapeutic interventions such as motivation enhancement therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, neurotherapy, multimodal therapy, supportive therapy, and 12-step facilitation programs. However, limited studies have explored the effectiveness of combining neurotherapy with psychosocial interventions. Implications. Future research should focus on the efficacy of combining neurofeedback with psychosocial therapies to improve QoL for individuals with harmful alcohol use. 2024. Thakuria and Bennett. -
Evidence of microRNAs origination from chloroplast genome and their role in regulating Photosystem II protein N (psbN) mRNA
The microRNAs are endogenous, regulating gene expression either at the DNA or RNA level. Despite the availability of extensive studies on microRNA generation in plants, reports on their abundance, biogenesis, and consequent gene regulation in plant organelles remain naVve. Building on previous studies involving pre-miRNA sequencing in Abelmoschus esculentus, we demonstrated that three putative microRNAs were raised from the chloroplast genome. In the current study, we have characterized the genesis of these three microRNAs through a combination of bioinformatics and experimental approaches. The gene sequence for a miRNA, designated as AecpmiRNA1 (A. esculentus chloroplast miRNA), is potentially located in both the genomic DNA, i.e., nuclear and chloroplast genome. In contrast, the gene sequences for the other two miRNAs (AecpmiRNA2 and AecpmiRNA3) are exclusively present in the chloroplast genome. Target prediction revealed many potential mRNAs as targets for AecpmiRNAs. Further analysis using 5N RACE-PCR determined the AecpmiRNA3 binding and cleavage site at the photosystem II protein N (psbN). These results indicate that AecpmiRNAs are generated from the chloroplast genome, possessing the potential to regulate mRNAs arising from chloroplast gene(s). On the other side, the possibility of nuclear genome-derived mRNA regulation by AecpmiRNAs cannot be ruled out. 2024, Termedia Publishing House Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Evidence fora slim accretion disc in GX 17+2: a polarimetric study of super-Eddington flows
This study presents a time-resolved spectro-polarimetric analysis of GX 17+2 using IXPE, NICER, and NuSTAR observations. Spectral modelling with (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) ) indicates that the source was in a soft spectral state, and accreting at super-Eddington luminosity. Time-resolved PCUBE analysis shows that the polarization degree (PD) and polarization angle (PA) remain nearly constant across the 2.0(Formula presented) 8.0?keV energy range, suggesting an aligned geometry between the spin and the binary orbital axes of the neutron star. Energy-resolved PCUBE analysis further indicates that the blackbody emission component most likely originates from the boundary layer. The spectro-polarimetric analysis confirms that the reflected emission contributes a PD <20per?cent, consistent with theoretical expectations. In contrast, the Comptonizing medium exhibits a PD of (Formula presented) 1.4per?cent, while the accretion disc shows a PD of (Formula presented) 3.2per?cent in the 2.0(Formula presented) 8.0?keV energy range, exceeding theoretical predictions. Energy-resolved spectro-polarimetric analysis hints at excess disc polarization, possibly associated with the formation of a slim disc and the presence of disc wind under super-Eddington accretion conditions. Both time- and energy-resolved polarization measurements reveal a rotation of the PA for the (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) components in the 3.5(Formula presented) 8.0?keV energy range, suggesting a coupling between the soft and hard polarized emission components. Our results indicate that while the geometry of GX 17+2 is aligned, the emergent hard X-ray emission is significantly influenced by inner disc outflows. The nearly constant PD across energy and time further points to a complex interplay among the accretion disc, Comptonization, and reflection components. The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Evidence and Predictors of Resilience among Young Adults Exposed to Traumatic Events of the Armed Conflict in Kashmir
No study to date exists regarding resilience in the context of armed conflict in Kashmir, India. Therefore, this study intended to understand the factors that predict resilience among young adults affected by the violence of the protracted conflict in Kashmir. The data were collected from 656 students, who experienced stress, related to the conflict. Findings showed that more than a quarter of the respondents (35.8%) were exposed, from 7 to 10, less than a quarter (16.6%) of participants reported 26, and almost half of the respondents (47.6%) were exposed to 11 or more stressful events related to the conflict in Kashmir. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the role of conflict exposure, social support, and demographic variables in predicting resilience. The results of the final regression model revealed that exposure to armed conflict, social support, level of education, monthly family income and gender, emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The study recommends the formulation of programs to sensitize people living in the areas affected by the armed conflicts, regarding the importance of social support and resilience, to help them withstand various adverse life experiences. 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Evidence Acquisition in Social Media for Cyber Crime
Social Media forensics a branch of forensics involves in collecting the evidences for the cyber crime. Investigating social media is a complex process which involves the privacy issues for accessing the users, suspects and victims information on social media. Manual processing of social media data is not feasible as it contains large volumes of data. An automated process is needed to incident specification, evidence extraction and for provenance. The need for handling heterogeneity of data as users have accounts with multiple social websites is also explained. This study briefs the existing models and the challenges faced in analyzing with those models. The research goals in this field are also addressed. A pool of tools which can contribute in guarding the solution for cyber crime is also presented. 2022 IEEE. -
Event-Triggered Polynomial Model Predictive Control for Multi-Agent Navigation
This paper proposes an event-triggered polynomial model predictive control method for collision-free point-to-point multi-agent navigation. In this control method, each control input to each agent is a polynomial whose coefficients are updated in an event-triggered manner. For each agent, we design an event-triggering rule that guarantees non-Zeno behavior of inter-event times. At each event, the controller updates the coefficients of the polynomial control law corresponding to a subset of agents by solving one or more finite horizon optimization problems. We also ensure feasibility of the optimization problems solved at each event. Through numerical simulations, we illustrate the results and compare the proposed method with other existing methods. 2025 IEEE. -
Even Numbered Saturdays are More Joyful for Bank Employees in India - A Critical Analysis
Journal of Exclusive Management Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 4, ISSN No. 2277-5684 -
Evalutionary compting model for QoS provisioning in WiMAX
In recent time wireless technology is adopted widely for connecting remote user over network. WiMAX is an attractive technology for provisioning high data rate connectivity and coverage. QoS is a required parameter for analyzing the system performance. Before allocation of the bandwidth in the network, physical layer information is required for improving QoS performance. Many modulation techniques are used in WiMAX network. An adaptive approach is required for selection of modulation scheme to maximize network performance. Physical layer information is used for selection of modulation scheme. An adaptive genetic based scheduling is proposed in this paper for improved QoS. Experiments are conducted to evaluate performance of proposed approach in term of throughput, successful transmission and packet collision over existing approach. The outcome shows significant performance over existing approach. 2017 IEEE.