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Environmental Reporting Practices : Evidence From Indian Commercials Banks
The last decade has witnessed increasing concern towards the environment due to the ravages inflicted on them by mankind. With the concept of sustainable development perpetually growing over the years, global institutions have been acknowledging their other duties towards the society, and have been integrating environmental practices into their strategic framework to significantly contribute to the sustainable bandwagon. However, since the financial crisis of newline2008, it has been found that banking institutions have become active participants in fostering environmental sustainability. Also, due to the increased awareness and pressure from the stakeholders, these institutions have been reporting their environmental initiatives and practices in their bank reports and websites. The extensive review of the literature reveals that there are hardly any studies that have been carried out in the Indian context, pertinently in the banking sector. Therefore, considering this as a major research gap, the present study aims to comprehensively evaluate the environmental reporting practices of selected commercial banks in India for the period from 2011 to 2022. newlineThis study follows an explorative and descriptive research design, with a deductive research approach. However, this research is based on secondary data, and adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Following the judgmental sampling technique, the sample of the study consists of thirty public and private commercial banks in India. The content analysis technique has been adopted to extract environmental information from bank reports and websites using the developed environmental reporting index. The independent sample t-test is newlineused to compare the environmental reporting performance of public and private-sector newlinecommercial banks. This study analyses the relationship between environmental reporting and bank-specific characteristics using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. -
Environmental Pollutants as Emerging Concerns for Cardiac Diseases: A Review on Their Impacts on Cardiac Health
Comorbidities related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and environmental pollution have emerged as serious concerns. The exposome concept underscores the cumulative impact of environmental factors, including climate change, air pollution, chemicals like PFAS, and heavy metals, on cardiovascular health. Chronic exposure to these pollutants contributes to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, further exacerbating the global burden of CVDs. Specifically, carbon monoxide (CO), ozone, particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), heavy metals, pesticides, and micro- and nanoplastics have been implicated in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through various mechanisms. PM2.5 exposure leads to inflammation and metabolic disruptions. Ozone and CO exposure induce oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. NO2 exposure contributes to cardiac remodeling and acute cardiovascular events, and sulfur dioxide and heavy metals exacerbate oxidative stress and cellular damage. Pesticides and microplastics pose emerging risks linked to inflammation and cardiovascular tissue damage. Monitoring and risk assessment play a crucial role in identifying vulnerable populations and assessing pollutant impacts, considering factors like age, gender, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle disorders. This review explores the impact of cardiovascular disease, discussing risk-assessment methods, intervention strategies, and the challenges clinicians face in addressing pollutant-induced cardiovascular diseases. It calls for stronger regulatory policies, public health interventions, and green urban planning. 2025 by the authors. -
Environmental Management: Pragmatic Suitability of Low Cost Activated Carbon in Lead (II)Ion Removal by Continuous Mode of Adsorption
Heavy metals such as chromium, lead, and arsenic are usually present in trace amounts in natural waters but many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. An increasing quantity of heavy metals in our resources is currently an area of greater concern, especially since a large number of industries are discharging their metal containing effluents into freshwater without any adequate treatment. Activated carbons show a significant ability in removing heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by adsorption, which has been examined by many researchers. Activated carbon derived from Manilkarazapota tree-wood (MZTWAC), which was found to be a suitable adsorbent for the removal of lead ions through continuous adsorption mode, was examined in this paper. A breakthrough curve has been plotted to find the effect of initial concentration and adsorbent bed height in the adsorption of lead (II)ion through MZTWAC. The breakthrough time and the saturation time increased as the initial concentration increased from 40 mg.L-1 to 60 mg.L-1. The saturation time was in the incremental mode when the bed height was increased from 5 cm to 7 cm bed thickness for 40 mg.L-1 concentration. Adams-Boharts model perfectly fits with this fixed-bed column in the removal of lead(II) from an aqueous solution using MZTWAC. Activated carbon derived from MZTWAC is better suited for the purpose of detoxifying metal-contaminated wastewater. 2021 Technoscience Publications. All rights reserved. -
Environmental justice and rural poverty: Socioeconomic drivers of environmental impact in the Indian Sundarbans
This study explores the complex relationship between environmental degradation and rural poverty through the perspective of environmental justice in the Indian Sundarbans. This region is recognized for its ecological richness but faces significant socio-economic vulnerabilities. Despite the areas abundant natural resources and biodiversity, rural poverty persists, shaping resource use patterns and environmental outcomes. The main objective is to examine how rural poverty affects the environment and to identify key socio-economic factors influencing ecosystem services in the region. A stratified sampling technique was used to select households and data were collected through structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Household-level CO2 emissions were estimated from domestic fuel and energy consumption. Results show nearly half of the household emissions come from burning firewood for cooking and heating. These practices not only release stored carbon but also reduce the regions carbon removal capacity, directly contributing to environmental degradation. The people of the Sundarbans pollute far less than the national average, but they face the harshest impacts of climate change: rising sea levels, salinity intrusion and ecosystem decline that highlighting a profound environmental injustice. Among rural households, the extremely poor emit more CO2 than the less poor because they depend on cutting trees to survive, further weakening the regions natural carbon sink. A log-linear regression model identifies education, dependency ratio, livelihood diversification and access to transport as major factors influencing natural resource-based income. The findings suggest that poverty, isolation and low education reinforce ecological stress, forming a povertyenvironment trap. This study argues that protecting the Sundarbans environmental integrity and enhancing its carbon sequestration potential are inseparable from improving human well-being. Achieving Indias net-zero target by 2070 requires policies that expand clean energy access, build human capabilities and ensure justice for communities who contribute least to emissions but suffer the most from climate disruption. Implications: This study emphasizes the urgent need to integrate poverty alleviation with environmental sustainability in climate-vulnerable regions like the Indian Sundarbans. Rural poverty contributes to environmental degradation by increasing dependence on forest resources, leading to unsustainable practices and higher CO? emissions. Low education levels, limited livelihood opportunities and inadequate infrastructure intensify both poverty and ecological stress. To tackle environmental degradation, it is essential to implement conservation efforts alongside interventions that improve education, enhance connectivity, diversify livelihoods and strengthen social protection. Aligning environmental justice with rural development can break the cycle of poverty and ecological damage, promoting long-term resilience and sustainability. 2025 Air & Waste Management Association. -
ENVIRONMENTAL JURISPRUDENCE IN INDIA: A JOURNEY TOWARDS ATTAINING ECO-CENTRIC IDEALS
Environmental Law has had a long, arduous journey in India, but has been able to keep up with the many changes that have taken place, around the globe, and has helped shape India's environmental legal regime. By tracing the growth of environmental law, through different ages, and by highlighting some of those factors, which have contributed immensely to its growth, the idea is to identify certain false grounds and figure out ways to make environmental law more effective. By looking at it through a sociocultural lens, the aim is to examine as to whether culture, tradition and rituals can be imbibed into law or given a legal recognition, and thereby giving more power to law. The development of Earth Jurisprudence principles and the way in which it is sought to be imbibed in India and the challenges that it faces too are discussed. 2022 Universitat Rovira i Virgili. All right reserved. -
Environmental integration in supply chains: Collaborative strategies for energy efficiency and waste reduction
The chapter looks at why producers, transporters and distributors work with both government and nonprofit institutions to fix environmental problems in their operations. Stakeholders who work together achieve energy savings through resource efficiency and maintain water resources in a sustainable manner. This chapter examines practical strategies like renewable energy adoption and energy efficiency upgrades plus reverse supply chains and circular systems. It shows how several groups must work together to manage their environmental efforts to reach common targets. A combination of joint target setting, open discussion sharing and Collaborative Planning Forecasting Replenishment (CPFR) is spotlighted. Governments and NGOs work together to create supportive laws plus offer money benefits with help businesses to join forces. This section shows how small and medium- sized enterprises can solve financial hurdles through collective investments and green financing. Through real- world examples and practical methods, the chapter creates a way to combine sustainability with supply chains 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Environmental hazards and disasters - A response towards mitigating disaster management
In today's world, our entire planet is under tremendous strain from various natural catastrophic events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, drastic weather changes, hurricanes, global warming, diminishing of glaciers, occurrences of landslides, etc. Such a difficult situation is encountered due to the overhasty extraction of non-renewable natural resources of our planet and the growing rate of presence of humans in the world. It affects the environment to a great extent. Such ventures lead the entire globe towards disastrous events which are irreversible and prepare us to face the worst situation. Hence, the policymakers should develop sophisticated policies focused on advanced disaster management technologies and adopt new methodologies. Several integrated research on disaster prevention programs is already being conducted, even though continuous exploration in this field aligned with all possible consequences is very important. The conclusions and suggestions from research papers will be carefully analyzed to drive the most effective approach to handling such atrocious situations. 2023 Author(s). -
Environmental degradation in geopolitical risk and uncertainty contexts for India: A comparison of ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, and load capacity factor
This study assesses the role of geopolitical risk and uncertainty in the degradation of the environment by forming the functions for ecological footprint, CO2 emissions, and load capacity factor for the period 19902019 in India. Besides, the specified function endogenizes economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and natural resource rent as the additional covariates. The use of the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) confirms the long-run relationship between study variables. Further, the dynamic simulations of the autoregressive distributed lag model (DYNARDL) outcomes show that geopolitical risk improves the quality of the environment by reducing the ecological footprint and CO2 emissions. However, it degrades the environment by reducing the load capacity factor. Furthermore, the uncertainty improves the environmental quality by reducing the CO2 emissions and ecological footprint, but the reduced load capacity factor due to uncertainty implies the degradation of environmental quality in India. Given these findings, the study proposes different environmental conservation policies. 2023 Elsevier Ltd -
Environmental degradation and sustainability: Trends, challenges, and opportunities
Environmental deterioration poses unprecedented hazards to the natural ecosystem and human health, save for world economy. Environmental damage follows the path of sharp interweaving of human activities including industrialization, deforestation, air pollution, and resource exploitation. This deterioration advances socioeconomic inequality, expounds on the reasons for the reduction in biodiversity, and fuels climate change. This chapter offers a thorough study of environmental damage, with specific attention to its consequences for the African continent including South Africa as well as other sensitive regions all around. The study mostly focuses on doable sustainability projects meant to reduce environmental harm and promote a more beautiful future. Copyright 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Environmental cost of food wastage: Integrated response through a mix of environmental policy instruments
Food, when wasted, reaches landfills and emits greenhouse gases. The impact of greenhouse gases (GHGs), in turn, is felt by even those who do not waste food in the place. Externalities thus created are known to distort market efficiency and the most widely discussed externality is climate change. This study takes the case of United States of America (USA) to ascertain the GHGs resulting due to food wastage. The difference between cost per capita due to emissions from animal-based products and emissions from plant-based products comes out to be $122. In the year 1997 total GHG emission for the entire population of the USA due to food wastage was 401.98 billion kgCO2eq, costing the country 45.42 billion US dollars. Two decades later, in 2017, the food waste costs went up by 6 billion US dollars amounting to 51.14 billion US dollars and 452.64 billion kgCO2eq of GHG emissions The novelty of this research lies in highlighting the carbon footprints of food wastage in terms of GHG's and monetizing these emissions. The study proposes an integrated response through a mix of environmental policy instruments of economic incentives, command and control and moral suasion. 2023 ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Environmental Concern in TPB Model for Sustainable IT Adoption
Rapid advancement in technology and continuous environmental degradation has attracted the attention of practitioners toward sustainable solutions. This study aims to investigate educated millennial beliefs and behavior toward sustainable IT practices. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model deployed in the study was extended through perceived environmental responsibility. A survey was conducted to examine the sustainable IT adoption behavior of millennial in the National Capital Region, Delhi India. Variance based partial least square structure equation modeling was employed to evaluate the hypothesized model. Findings of the study confirm environmental concern (ER) a precursor for attitude (ATT), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and subjective norm (SN). Further, there is a significant positive influence of ATT, PBC, and SN on the adoption intention of sustainable IT practices, followed by the effect of adoption intention on actual adoption behavior. Study disseminates valuable insights to policymakers and marketers to formulate strategies and policies to attain sustainability through sustainable IT practices. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Environmental applications of microbial fuel cells
The world is facing an energy crisis for non-renewable resources for the last decade. Hence, there is a search for highly efficient energy transformation techniques which utilizes alternate renewable energy sources. One such renewable energy production technology is Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) based on dynamic organisms like microbes. MFCs allow producing electricity using renewable organic waste through microbial cellular respiration, which helps in reducing the carbon footprint as well as the environmental pollution. MFCs can also be used in metal recovery by bio electrochemical recovery, because metal ions can be reduced and deposited on an electrode by bacteria, algae, yeasts, and fungi. Microbial carbon capture cells are advancements to MFC, where algal biomass provides oxygen for cathodic reduction in the cathodic chamber and is ideally considered as the plausible technologies to tackle the ever-increasing problem of global warming and increased CO2 concentration. The MFCs find application in environmental remediation with respect to harmful organic pollutants by neutralizing/degrading contaminated water and soil. The harmful organic pollutants that can be neutralized include organic dyes, pesticides, insecticides, antibiotics, phenolic nitro phenolic compounds, and many others. This gives a long-term solution for pollutant degradation that is also environmentally acceptable. MFC-based biosensors have recently emerged as the next-generation biosensing technique for environmental monitoring. 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Environmental Applications of Green Engineered Copper Nanoparticles
Naturally engineered nanomaterials in recent times have myriad potential in different fields. Moreover, green derived nanoparticles (NPs) encourage broader implementation for wider applications. Amongst many metals, copper and its oxide-based nanoparticles (CuONPs) have increased utmost consideration owing to its specific characteristics, abundance, and cost-effectiveness. Major setback of chem-ical and physical methods of synthesising CuONPs involves high cost along with environmental hazards. Aforementioned challenge compelled researchers to explore green synthesised CuONPs that is much cheaper, efficient, economically beneficial, non-toxic, and eco-friendly. Existing plant-based CuONPs have potential efficiency to enhance the toxic effects against the plant pathogens and combating environmental pollution through bioremediation. Several extracts of plant derivatives have been used for the synthesis of CuONPs such as Azadirachta indica, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Murraya koenigii, Moringa oleifera, Tamarindus indica, Eclipta prostrate, Olea europaea, etc. Microbes as cell factories are more efficiently used as NPs compared to larger plants such as, green algae Botryococcus braunii, brown algae Macrocystis pyrifera, Bifurcaria bifurcate etc. Bio-based CuONPs have been applied in numerous fields such as pharmaceutical, molecular biology, bioremediation, cosmetics, textiles etc. Several of them also employed in dye degradation, water treatment, food preser-vation, Photovoltaic devices, solar energy conversions, and field emission emitters. However, as in clinical setup due to their efficacy these are exclusively used as anti-cancer, antimicrobial agents. Further, their high antioxidant potential renders them as an invaluable tool for biomedical devices. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
Environmental and Sustainable Development Policies to Address the Pollution Catastrophe in India
Although the environment, crops, water, air, food and fiber, control the weather, and supply oxygen, its air, water, and soil are polluted too. Humans have altered about 75% of the earth, reducing wildlife and nature's space and harming the environment. Industrialisation, urbanisation, population growth, and globalisation have affected people and the environment. This study aims to investigate the environmental and sustainable development-focussed policies to address the pollution catastrophe. The study is a content analysis of prominent online newspaper media reports from January 1, 2020, to November 30, 2022, on legal, environmental, and sustainable issues to reduce pollution and advocate an Indian environmental and sustainable development policy. Since pollution and environmental degradation pose significant threat to humanity, ecosystems, and sustainable living are at risk. Despite national and international legislative and regulatory actions, the environment remains a significant issue. An environmental strategy that encourages sustainable development for future generations is the need of the times. It was found that there were legal and environmental offenses, the management of unscientific treatment procedures, the lack of fundamental education about existing court orders, and fatality-induced health problems. Therefore, India needs an environmental and sustainable development policy to limit environmental concerns' fatality and protect the earth from pollution. 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved. -
Environmental and innovational dynamics for sustainable competitiveness in the manufacturing industry
This research examines how environmental management system, recycling, eco-innovation, and open innovation effect sustainable competitive advantage in the Indian manufacturing sector in New Delhi. This quantitative research was carried out using a questionnaire-based approach, where 583 participants responded using the PLS-SEM method via Smart-PLS 4. the results of this paper indicate that environmental management systems mediate the relationship between recycling and Eco-Innovation. Furthermore, external sources of information and open innovation show significant relations to eco-innovation, which, in turn, contributes highly to sustainable competitive advantage. The paper's originality is to illustrate the mediating effect of environmental management system within the recycling-innovation nexus and further provide empirical evidence that eco-innovation is an important causal factor for long-term competitive advantage. Therefore, businesses that practice eco-innovation are well-placed to comply with regulations and market demands concerning greener products, thereby achieving a strategic advantage. 2025 -
Environment or Development: The Way Forward
This chapter explores the relationship between the environment and development, focusing on the challenges of balancing environmental protection and development goals. Historical perspectives on development and the environment and the emergence of sustainable development are discussed. The chapter examines the challenges in balancing economic growth, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability, with particular attention given to the issues of climate change and ecological justice. Sustainable development is presented as a solution, with examples of sustainable development initiatives. Critical strategies for balancing environment and development are outlined, including ecosystem-based approaches, integrated land-use planning, the green and circular economy, and sustainable consumption and production. The role of different stakeholders, including governments, the private sector, and civil society, is also discussed. The chapter concludes with recommendations for policymakers and other stakeholders on effectively balancing environmental protection and development goals. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Environment and Twins
Twins provide a unique context for studying the interaction between genetics and the environment on human traits. Monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly identical genetic material, and dizygotic (DZ) twins share about 50% are influenced by environmental factors, especially during prenatal development. Chorionicity, or whether twins share the same placenta, plays a key role in shaping their in utero environment, influencing risks such as unequal nutrient distribution and conditions like twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Postnatally, shared environments and lifestyles can further affect twin development, although their susceptibilities may lead to different outcomes. Factors like maternal nutrition, exposure to toxins, and prenatal care are critical, particularly in the context of neural tube defects (NTDs), where both genetic and environmental influences, such as parental occupation, maternal obesity, and folic acid deficiency, play a role. Understanding these risks is vital for preconception counseling and effective pregnancy management to optimize outcomes for twins. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Environment and Human Rights - Interrelatedness
Shodh Prerak, Vol. 2, Issue 3, pp 69-73, ISSN No. 2231-413X -
Entwined Selves: Identity, Individuality, and Mental Health in Identical Twin Relationships
The relationship between identical twins is highly complex; the delicate dynamics between the twins put forwards lot of challenges in front of both the individuals. Previous researches done on dynamics of identical twin relationships have pointed out the differences between identical twins and siblings. The current study delves into the intricate dynamics of identical twin relationships and the impact on their mental health, with a focus on their perception of their identity. Utlizing Braun and Clark's thematic analysis method, the present study studies the lived experiences of identical twins and how they perceive their relationship. In-depth interview was conducted on six sets of identical twins. Thematic analysis was conducted on the results to understand the ways in which identical twins addresses their challenges. The research explores aspects such as emotional support, communication, and shared identity as crucial elements in understanding the dynamics of identical twin relationships. The implication of the research shows the need for mental health interventions that utilize the distinctive advantages of twin relationships as it reveals these complex dynamics. The results are discussed in light of proper theoretical background. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.