Browse Items (16481 total)
Sort by:
-
N'-[(E)-Furan-2-Ylmethylidene]-4-Hydroxybenzohydrazide
Acta Crystallographica Section E, Vol-E70(o242), ISSN-1600-5368 -
Na+ doped CuO: A new paradigm electrode material for high performance supercapacitors
This study investigates the influence of sodium doping on the properties of cupric oxide (CuO) thin films synthesized via spray pyrolysis. Comprehensive characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and electrochemical studies. All films exhibited p-type conductivity, with an optical band gap variation from 1.53 to 1.73 eV. XRD analysis confirmed the dominance of monoclinic CuO, with minor phases of Cu2O and Cu4O3. EDAX and XPS verified the incorporation of Cu, O, and Na elements. FESEM revealed a densely packed morphology with uniform particle distribution and rough surfaces in the electrically optimized film. The Raman spectra of doped samples showed increased intensity and sharpness, attributed to Na + ion-induced polarizability enhancement. Hall effect measurements indicated a tenfold decrease in carrier concentration and a more than tenfold increase in mobility upon sodium doping. Films doped with 4 at.% sodium exhibited the lowest resistivity. Additionally, Na doping enhanced the electrochemical performance of CuO. These findings demonstrate that sodium doping significantly enhances the electrical, optical and electrochemical properties of CuO thin films, making them suitable for applications in optoelectronic devices and supercapacitors. 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. -
NAFLD Detection Using Natural Gradient Boosting: A Probabilistic Ensemble Approach for Improved Accuracy and Calibration
A growing global health concern, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) must be accurately and promptly detected to avoid serious complications. This study suggests a model based on Natural Gradient Boosting (NGBoost) for accurate clinical feature-based NAFLD prediction. In contrast to traditional gradient boosting algorithms, NGBoost uses natural gradients to estimate the entire conditional probability distribution of outcomes, which enhances uncertainty quantification and calibration. Using a publicly accessible Kaggle dataset, the models performance was compared to KNN, SVM, and Decision Tree classifiers. According to experimental results, NGBoost outperformed conventional classifiers in terms of precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving the highest accuracy of 92.8%. Excellent discriminative ability was indicated by the ROC curve, and strong generalization ability with minimal overfitting was confirmed by the trainingvalidation loss analysis. These findings demonstrate how NGBoost may be used to support clinical decisions, allowing for earlier detection and treatment. Subsequent research endeavors will investigate the validation of the model on more extensive real-world datasets and broaden its relevance to additional liver-related conditions. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026. -
Nagalands democratic paradox: where are the Naga women in politics?
[No abstract available] -
Naksha: A Lightweight Visual Packet Capture Tool Based on Location-Aware Metric
Naksha is a Visual Packet Analyzer, and Sniffer, which provides multiple visual approaches for real-time packet analysis in a geographical domain which utilizes WebSockets and long-polling based protocols in LeafletJS. It inhibits a global map which is populated by Targets, visited by a home network, these targets are connected by a 'link' whose stroke-width is determined by the packet-length. Links are animated to be approaching at different speeds proportional to their propagation latency and congestion loads. They are also animated to subtly gain translucency as they approach their Time-to-live. These packet links also show the direction of the packet (i.e outgoing, or incoming packets) and they can be classified by colour to display categorical attributes like protocol. The WebSocket based server is loop-backed to the home network to provide for robust and rapid deployment. 2024 IEEE. -
Nano A-AL203 particles agglomerated by spray dying to produce free following powders suitable for /
Patent Number: 202141035836, Applicant: Gowtham Sanjai.
This invention discloses a method to produce free flowing plasma sprayable powders comprised of nano a-Alumina grains, suitable for injection into the high temperature plasma stream of an atmospheric plasma spray system. The plasma sprayable powder particles will be in the range of 30-90 microns, but the grains within the powder particles will only be about 50 nanometers. This micron sized powder, when flowing through the high temperature plasma will dissociate to release the nano grains, resulting in 12 to 15 microns thick coatings, deposited on the substrate per individual pass. -
Nano A-AL203 particles agglomerated by spray dying to produce free following powders suitable for /
Patent Number: 202141035836, Applicant: Gowtham Sanjai.
This invention discloses a method to produce free flowing plasma sprayable powders comprised of nano a-Alumina grains, suitable for injection into the high temperature plasma stream of an atmospheric plasma spray system. The plasma sprayable powder particles will be in the range of 30-90 microns, but the grains within the powder particles will only be about 50 nanometers. This micron sized powder, when flowing through the high temperature plasma will dissociate to release the nano grains, resulting in 12 to 15 microns thick coatings, deposited on the substrate per individual pass. -
Nano Zinc Oxide Particle Synthesis from Bio-Waste Selaginella willdenowii Leaf Extract: A Multi-Faceted Approach for Environmental and Biomedical Applications
Selaginella willdenowii, a commonly used greenhouse fern, was often used as a biowaste to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in an eco-friendly and cost-effective way. UV-Visible spectra studies were carried out to confirm the synthesis of S. willdenowii-mediated ZnO NPs (SW-ZnO NPs), and a peak at 367nm with a sharp band gap of 3.415eV was observed. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the synthesized SW-ZnO NPs was 11.971nm. The phytochemicals present in the extracts and the compounds involved in the reduction of metal to nanoparticles were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to analyze the surface morphology and size of the obtained SW-ZnO NPs. The examination revealed that they exhibited a hexagonal shape, with an average size falling within the range of 17-23nm. Under ultra-violet light, reactive blue 220 and reactive yellow 145 dyes showed 78.06% and 60.14% degradation, showing potential photocatalytic degradation activity. The synthesized SW-ZnO NPs also exhibited antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and fungal cultures (Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans) showed cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cell lines. Our results suggest the green synthesized SW-ZnO NPs have potential photocatalytic, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Nano ZnO@PEG catalyzed one-pot green synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d] pyrimidines in ethanol via one-pot multicomponent approach
A facile one-pot multicomponent protocol for the synthesis of bio-active Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by a one- step condensation reaction of substituted aldehyde, malononitrile/methyl cyanoacetate, barbituric acid has been demonstrated using nano ZnO@PEG as a catalyst at room temperature. The present approach offers several advantages, such as shorter reaction time, higher yields, and environmental friendliness. Easy isolation of products, absence of column chromatographic purification, use of commercially available low-cost starting materials and reusability of the catalyst make the methodology viable in organic synthesis. 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Second International Symposium ''Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academy - Industry Meet''. -
Nano- from nature to nurture: A comprehensive review on facets, trends, perspectives and sustainability of nanotechnology in the food sector
Nanotechnology has underpinned vital progress in current research and has immensely promoted the food production chain. This review projected the critical intervention of nano-based technologies like modern advancements of nano-based biosensors in detecting mycotoxins, microbial contaminations, antibiotics, pesticides, food additives, and dyes. It also highlighted the starring roles of nanotechnology in terms of active, intelligent food packaging and food safety. These approaches have certainly intensified the strength of food processing technology and improved food quality and maintenance standards during shelf life. Apart from these trending facets, this review throw light on the utilisation of food waste for the biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles and the application of nano-based materials for the recycling process in food production units to ensure a complete cleaner technology. However, monitoring the chronic exposure of food contact nanomaterials should be critically evaluated to ensure food safety. Nanotechnology embraced an influential role in the food sector by providing effective avenues for energy conservation, sustainability, and cues to improve the capital funds well. 2021 Elsevier Ltd -
Nano-architectured polypyrrole based magnetic nanocatalyst for the N- arylation of imidazoles and fused imidazoles
A new magnetically recoverable polypyrrole supported copper based nanocatalyst was synthesized, characterized with various analytical techniques like Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), and Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis. The loading of copper on the surface of the catalyst was found to be 4.23 wt%. The application of the synthesized nanocatalyst was checked for the N-arylation of imidazoles. Excellent catalytic performance was obtained with easy recoverability and reusability upto six cycles. The current green protocol makes it environmentally beneficial for scale-up industries. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Nano-architectured polypyrrole based magnetic nanocatalyst for the N- arylation of imidazoles and fused imidazoles
A new magnetically recoverable polypyrrole supported copper based nanocatalyst was synthesized, characterized with various analytical techniques like Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), and Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis. The loading of copper on the surface of the catalyst was found to be 4.23 wt%. The application of the synthesized nanocatalyst was checked for the N-arylation of imidazoles. Excellent catalytic performance was obtained with easy recoverability and reusability upto six cycles. The current green protocol makes it environmentally beneficial for scale-up industries. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Nano-biosensor technologies for diagnosis of infectious diseases
The book offers a thorough exploration of revolutionary nano-biosensor technologies that enables rapid, accurate detection of infectious diseases, critical for effective disease management in today's world. Nano-Biosensor Technologies for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases delves into the cutting-edge developments in nano-biosensor technology, a transformative innovation for the field of medical diagnostics. Nano-biosensors integrate nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanotubes with biological recognition elements such as antibodies, nucleic acids, or enzymes to create highly sensitive and specific detection systems. These sensors exploit unique properties of nanomaterials to detect minute quantities of pathogens or biomarkers with remarkable accuracy, enabling early diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases. The integration of electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric detection mechanisms further enhances the versatility and efficiency of these nano-biosensors, allowing for rapid, real-time analysis that is crucial for effective disease management. In the context of infectious diseases, nano-biosensors become particularly significant, as they can facilitate point-of-care testing (POCT), offering rapid and portable diagnostic solutions. This capability is invaluable in resource-limited settings and during outbreaks where traditional laboratory infrastructure may be lacking. The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the importance of swift and accurate diagnostic tools, spurring accelerated innovation and commercialization efforts in this domain. Nano-biosensors are now being developed and deployed to detect a wide range of pathogens with high sensitivity, providing a powerful tool in the global fight against infectious diseases. Nano-Biosensor Technologies for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases provides a comprehensive overview of these technological advancements, exploring their applications, challenges, and future directions in the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases. 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved. -
Nano-technological interventions in crop production a review
Agricultural industry is facing huge crisis due to fast changing climate, decreased soil fertility, macro and micronutrient insufficiency, misuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and heavy metal presence in soil. With exponential increase in world's population, food consumption has increased significantly. Maintaining the production to consumption ratio is a significant challenge due to shortage caused by various issues faced by agricultural industry even withthe improved agricultural practices. Recent scientific evidence suggests that nanotechnology can positively impact the agriculture sector by reducing the harmful effects of farming operations on human health and nature, as well as improving food productivity and security. Farmers are combining improved agricultural practices like usage of fertilizers, pesticides etc. with nano-based materials to improve the efficiency and productivity of crops. Nano technology is also playing a significant role improving animal health products, food packaging materials, and nanosensors for detecting pathogens, toxins, and heavy metals in soil among others. The nanobased materials have improved the productivity twice with half the resources being utilized. Nanoparticles that are currently in use include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, gold, and silver used for increasing soil fertility and plant growth. Crop growth, yield, and productivity are improved by controlled release nanofertilizers. In this review we elaborate on the recent developments in the agricultural sector by the usage of nanomaterial based composites which has significantly improved the agricultural sector especially how nanoparticles play an important role in plant growth and soil fertility, in controlling plant diseases by the use of nanopesticides, nanoinsecticides, nanofertilizers, Nanoherbicides, nanobionics, nanobiosensors. The review also highlights the mechanism of migration of nanoparticles in plants and most importantly the effects of nanoparticles in causing plant and soil toxicity. 2023, Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society. -
Nanoarchitechtonics of high surface area carbon material for coin cell supercapacitor application
Advancing energy storage systems thrive on innovative electrode materials, balancing sustainable synthesis with enhanced electrochemical performance. In the present work, a feasible approach for developing a carbon derivative exhibiting all the promising features of a superior electrode material is reported. Nitrogen and Sulfur are strategically incorporated into the carbonaceous material along with Potassium-based activation, such that additional pseudocapacitance, along with an enhanced surface area are achieved. Carbon derived from charcoal is co-functionalised with Nitrogen and Sulfur via a two-step pyrolysis technique, resulting in a material that exhibits improved surface area of 1488.8m2g?1 and enhanced electrochemical performance. It showcases a gravimetric capacitance of 689Fg?1 and 295Fg?1 at 1Ag?1, corresponding to the three and two-electrode setups respectively. A gravimetric capacitance of 425Fg?1 is maintained at a high current density of 50Ag?1 with a capacitance retention of 61.6 %. A sustained energy density of 20.50W h kg?1 at a power density of 3.1kWkg?1 is achieved by this material with a stability of 94 % for 5000 cycles at 2Ag?1. In addition, coin cells fabricated with the as-prepared material demonstrated the real-world feasibility by illuminating LEDs of different colors. 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. -
Nanoarchitectures as photoanodes
This chapter looks into providing detailed information on the state-of-the-art and recent trends on materials and nanoarchitectures for improved photoanode device. It provides a roadmap for researchers toward optimization of photoanodes using advanced material engineering. The chapter casts some light on the performance of various photoanode materials and nanostructures, such as TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, Nb2O5, Al2O3, ZrO2, CeO2, SrTiO3, Zn2SnO4, and carbon in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Plasmonic photoanodes are an emerging field in DSSC spanning a wide range of materials where the paramount challenge is coming up with effective strategies to incorporate suitable plasmonic structures into nanocrystalline and nanostructured electrodes. Optical excitation of the dye is the basis of DSSC operation, where an electron is excited from the dye molecule into the conduction band of a wideband metal oxide. 2020 JohnWiley & Sons Inc. All rights reserved. -
Nanobiosensors for COVID-19
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is an internationally recognized public health emergency. The disease, which has an incredibly high propagation rate, was discovered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus that causes COVID-19 is referred to as severe acute respiratory illness. Real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR assay is the primary diagnostic practice as a reference method for accurate diagnosis of this disease. There is a need for strong technology to detect and monitor public health. Early notification on signs and symptoms of the disorder is important and may be managed up to a few extents. To analyze the early signs and side effects of COVID-19 explicit techniques were applied. Sensors have been used as one of the methods for detection. These sensors are cost effective. These sensors will combine with a systematic device. It is utilized to detect the chemical compound and combined with a biological component. It is detected through physiochemical detector. Nanomaterials represent a robust tool against COVID-19 since they will be designed to act directly toward the infection, increase the effectiveness of standard antiviral drugs, or maybe to trigger the response of the patient. In this paper, we investigate how nanotechnology has been used in the improvement of nanosensor and the latest things of these nanosensors for different infections. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023. -
Nanobiosensors: A Promising Tool for the Determination of Pathogenic Bacteria
Pathogenic bacterial detection is a significant concern for the well-being of all human beings. These tiny microbes are capable of causing numerous diseases, which can be nipped in the bud through proper monitoring and controlling at the early stages itself. Some common pathogenic bacteria include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus anthracis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., etc. These microbes contaminate air, food, and water through different modes of transmission. The classical methods used for the identification of these bacteria are time-killing and backbreaking. Rapid pathogenic bacteria determination became possible through the intervention of biosensors. Biosensors are further modified with nanoparticles to build nanobiosensors that are tenfold efficient in bacterial detection. The optical and electrochemical nanobiosensors provide hassle-free detection of pathogenic bacteria, and pointof- care detection is also possible. This book chapter aims to give a brief idea about nanobiosensors starting from the principle to the advantages and disadvantages of bacterial detection. Relevant works of literature on different methods to detect bacteria, types of nanobiosensors, and their efficacy in pathogenic bacterial detection portray the current stand and the need for more innovations in the area of nanobiosensors. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
Nanocarbon assisted green hydrogen production: Development and recent trends
The increasing consumption of energy and consequent fast depletion of fossil fuels and associated environmental challenges necessitate transformative innovations in the field of energy conversion. Owing to its exceptional energy density and zero emissions during combustion, Hydrogen is hailed as a promising source of clean and renewable energy that can replace fossil fuels in future energy conversion systems. Since Hydrogen is not readily available in the atmosphere, a variety of pathways have been followed for the evolution of Hydrogen from water and organic materials, which requires the involvement of catalysts to accelerate the reactions. Currently, noble metals and their alloys represent state-of-the-art materials for HER (Hydrogen Evolution Reaction), and the scarcity and high expense of such materials impose significant constraints on their widespread implementation in hydrogen production. In this context, nanocarbons and their composites for HER are worth exploring owing to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, exceptionally large surface-to-volume ratio, and excellent electrical and charge transfer properties. Here, three leading hydrogen production methods - biological, electrochemical, and photo-driven- are analyzed based on their characteristics, effectiveness, and limitations w.r.t. different nanocarbon materials. 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC -
Nanocarriers in Plant Disease Management
Almost 30-40% of the harvest is lost due to plant diseases worldwide. When traditional disease management strategies become less efficient, the advancement in management and incorporation of modern domains like nanotechnology can be the key factor to increase the efficiency of disease management. Nanocarriers are the particles in the nano range that are greatly diverse in makeup and transporting agents that target the specific site to induce biochemical interactions by releasing active compounds and defensive responses. The mechanism, despite being completely immunological, is a combination of chemical, physical, and biochemical interactions. A diverse range of nanocarriers is used to deliver bioactive molecules to control fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and other biotic limiting factors in agriculture. The usual makeup of nanocarriers varies from liposomes, chitosan, to inorganic metal carriers or carbon, silica-based materials. This chapter is a comprehensive analysis of morphology, loading capacity, biocompatibility of nanocarriers, and the host plant for effective disease control. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved.