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Blockchain Technology in Financial Sector and Its Legal Implications
The blockchain technology has reached the tipping point. Blockchain is a zero-level technology on different applications such as crypto, smart contract, tokens, and DAO function. The applications of blockchain technology have generated new paradigms posing significant challenges to the world. Although blockchain technology is evolving and is in its nascent stage, the financial world has started relying upon it and is heavily investing in blockchain applications. In such a scenario, there is every possibility of its being misused and used for illicit purposes like money laundering, hacking, privacy breach, Ponzi investment scheme, terrorist financing, etc. Keeping this in view, this paper aims to explore how blockchain technology is used in the financial sector and analyse the legal implications thereof. For this, the chapter will explain what blockchain technology is, how it is being applied in the financial sector, need for regulation, and lastly, draw conclusions and suggest a few corrective measures. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Blockchain technology toward green internet of thingsan exploratory survey
Over the past couple of decades, there has been a spike in industrial activity across the entire world, which has led to an increase in the utilization of fossil fuels. During the same era, technological innovations have triggered an increase in both climate change and carbon legacies. The use of energy by the Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted in a fresh dilemma, which has oriented our priority toward the design of an IoT ecosystem that is more ecological and sustainable. Institutions of higher learning and business corporations have shown interest in the green IoT because it facilitates improved energy-efficient delivery of services and simplifies the process to generate and make consumable use of renewable energy. Blockchain technology is gaining interest from energy producers, entrepreneurial ventures, investment firms, legislatures, and scientists since it is incredibly flexible, safe, and secure. This chapter focuses on the significance of blockchain technology in the green IoT community, highlights the critical considerations that need to be taken into account, and explores how blockchain technology renders the IoT ecosphere healthier and greener. In addition to this, it places an emphasis on the inherent necessity of establishing a long-term IoT infrastructure that takes utilization of the appropriate blockchain technology to another level altogether. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Blockchain Using Wireless Technology
In today's dynamic digital landscape, blockchain technology emerges as a pioneering force with the potential to redefine industries and transform the way we conduct business, share information, and establish trust. This chapter explores the foundational concepts of blockchain technology, its versatile applications, and the profound impacts it can have on various sectors. While blockchain holds immense promise, challenges like scalability, energy consumption, and regulatory frameworks must be addressed. Decentralized apps and smart contracts introduce new vulnerabilities that demand vigilant management. The integration of blockchain with wireless technology expands opportunities and streamlines processes. Wireless connectivity enhances accessibility, reach, and interaction with blockchain applications, benefiting finance, supply chain, and healthcare sectors. Real-time data sharing and reduced infrastructure reliance boost productivity. Environmental concerns, including blockchain's energy consumption and e-waste from wireless devices, need mitigation. In conclusion, the fusion of blockchain and wireless technology offers tremendous potential but demands a delicate balance between technological progress and environmental stewardship. Addressing reliability, security, scalability, and environmental impacts through innovative solutions and ethical practices is vital for a connected and sustainable future. 2024 CRC Press. -
Blockchain: Opportunities in the healthcare sector and its uses in COVID-19
As the world grapples with the COVID-19 pandemic and major populations are getting vaccinated, increasing realization processes healthcare industry needs to be augmented. It includes managing supply chains, healthcare records, and patient care. With a scarcity of time and resources, adaptation of blockchain technology will help mitigate the pressures on existing infrastructure. A blockchain distributed ledger helps to exchange health information securely without complex intermediation of trust with secure access. The organizations and persons in the blockchain network can verify and authorize the data, thus protecting patient identity, privacy, medical information system, and reducing transaction costs. The chapter examines managing and protecting electronic medical records and personal health records data using blockchain. It also analyses issues in healthcare, blockchain implementation, and its uses in the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors put forward the idea that even after the world is free of the Coronavirus, there will be pressures on the healthcare industry and Blockchain technology is the way to alleviate this pressure. 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Body mass index implications using data analysis in the soccer sports
Soccer is considered among the most popular sports in the world among the last few years. At the same time, it has become a prime target in developing countries like India and other Asian countries. As science and technology grow, we can see that sports also grow with science, and hence technology being used to determine the results sometime or sometimes it is used to grow the overall effect. This paper presents the attributes and the qualities which are necessary to develop in a player in order to play for the big-time leagues called Premier League, La Liga, Serie A, German Leagues and so on. Simple correlation and dependence techniques have been used in this paper in order to get proper relationship among the attributes. This paper also examines how the body mass index plays an effect on the presentation of soccer players with respect to their speed, increasing speed, work rate, aptitude moves and stamina. The point is likewise to discover the connection of the above credits concerning body mass index. As in universal exchange, football clubs can profit more in the event that they have practical experience in what they have or can make a similar bit of room to maneuver. In a universe of rare assets, clubs need to recognize what makes them effective and contribute in like manner. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2021. -
Bookstagrammers vs. BookTubers: A comparative study on readers' preferred social media book influencer
As the Internet has become a part of many people's daily lives, it has led to the growth of a reading culture influenced by book bloggers on different social media platforms. This chapter identifies two social media platforms that the readers utilize to share about the books they have read. While readers have found their reading space on social media platforms, some have become book influencers. This chapter identifies two categories of prominent literary influencers i.e., Bookstagrammers and BookTubers. Since the readers follow book influencers to learn about the latest books and to read their reviews before making their purchase decision. This chapter aims to compare and analyse the prominent categories of book influencers focusing on knowing more about the preferred book influencers from the readers' point of view. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Brain-based learning method: Opportunities and challenges
The chapter examines the concept of brain-based learning to bridge the gap between neuropsychology and education while understanding the best way to use our brain for meaningful learning. It suggests learning as a developmental process that enhances in a challenging but less threatening environment. Brain plasticity suggests that repeated exposure to a stimulus in a conducive environment helps in better recall and retrieval, as the repeated exposure allows the formation of new neural connections and strengthening the old ones while engaging in the task. As the application of brain-based learning moves away from the traditional style of learning, it focuses on a more holistic understanding of the process of learning. The chapter talks about applying a brain-based learning model to enhance learning in a stimulating surrounding to explore and stimulate various sense organs and further enhance neural connections. It discusses strategies to incorporate to allow engagement of sensory organs and problem-solve to enhance learning. Another perspective suggests attaching emotion to a situation which leads to forming a meaningful association in our brain. Depending on the strength of this connection, it becomes easier to recall and retrieve the memory. When compared to the traditional style of teaching, brain-based learning has shown to better academic accomplishment. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved. -
Bridging the Digital Chasm: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Digital Divide in Shaping Healthcare Professionals
Industry 5.0 has ushered in a transformative era for the healthcare industry, propelling it towards a digitally empowered ecosystem. This paradigm shift underscores the indispensability of integrating advanced digital technologies into healthcare, not merely as an option but as a crucial necessity. This research delves into the profound impact of Industry 5.0 on healthcare, emphasizing the intersection of digital technologies, patient-centric care, and sustainable practices. Central to the investigation is the digital divide, which manifests as a catalytic intrusion into the healthcare sector's digital landscape. Regardless of demographic considerations among healthcare providers, the existing digital divide manifests in varying levels of access, skill, and offline outcomes and benefits. Our study meticulously explores the intricate dynamics of the digital divide within healthcare professionals, highlighting its influence on micro-level patient experience. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Building capabilities and workforce for metaverse-driven retail formats
The metaverse, a breakthrough virtual reality environment, offers boundless retail potential. Metaverse-driven retail needs a good strategy to succeed in a time of changing consumer expectations and the digital revolution. This chapter covers metaverse-driven retail preparation tactics. The metaverse allows retail innovation and adaptation during e-commerce and COVID-19 pandemic upheavals. Understanding metaverse dynamics and developing the abilities is crucial. Determine metaverse applicability to retail, define requisite capabilities, analyze staff competencies, and establish practical training and development programs. Examples include understanding metaverse technology, immersive shopping, datadriven personalization, and strong cybersecurity. Digital fluency, collaboration, design, and cybersecurity awareness are workforce competencies. This chapter stresses metaverse readiness through training, growth, and strategic alignment. It emphasizes that the metaverse transforms reality and opens up new possibilities. 2024, IGI Global. -
Business and Society: A Symbiotic Relationship
Business can be a for-profit, not-for-profit or hybrid organization. But all these businesses focus on the satisfaction of their stakeholders. Although many businesses adopt a limited perspective of their stakeholders, focusing primarily on the interests of their investors, customers and, in some cases, their employees, it is a fact that the long-term sustainability of any business will depend on its contributions to the society. The long-term objective of all businesses is to serve and support the society and contribute to the socioeconomic development of their people. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive review of the relationship between business and society, with special reference to the three main types of businesses: commercial businesses, social enterprises and non-governmental organizations. As in the case of biological systems, the relationship between business and society may be characterized predominantly by one of the three types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. However, the successful co-existence of business and society, in the long run, would depend on the degree of mutualism in their relationship. 2024 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. -
Business Forecasting and Error Handling Using AI
Business forecasting is the technique of accurately predicting the future of a business and outcomes using historical data and present trends. To evaluate historical data and find patterns, trends, and other elements that might be used to forecast future events, a variety of analytical tools and techniques are used. Business forecasting is a crucial component of strategic planning because it enables businesses to foresee market changes, spot possible risks and opportunities that may arise in the future, and make wise resource allocation and investment decisions. Businesses that use effective business forecasting can plan and carry out their programs that help them stay competitive, expand their operations, and meet their objectives. According to Glueck [1], Forecasting is a formal process of predicting future events that will significantly affect the functioning of an enterprise.. 2024 Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Preethi Nanjundan and Tejaswini Kar. -
Business Intelligence in Action: Way of Successful Implementation of Automated Systems
This chapter presents an overview of the role of automated systems in Business Intelligence (BI). BI has emerged as a critical element for modern organizations in decision-making processes by analyzing large volumes of data. Automated BI systems offer several advantages over traditional manual systems, including increased efficiency, accuracy, and customized insights. Despite these benefits, there are several limitations and challenges associated with the implementation of automated BI systems. This chapter examines the benefits and limitations of automated BI systems and identifies common success factors for successful implementation. The chapter also explores different types of automated systems, including predictive analytics, machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics process automation. These systems can help organizations analyze and interpret large amounts of data more quickly and accurately, enabling them to make informed decisions. However, despite the potential benefits of automated BI systems, there are several challenges associated with their implementation, including technical expertise and integration issues. To address these challenges, careful planning, collaboration, and ongoing monitoring are essential. In conclusion, this chapter highlights the importance of automated BI systems in modern businesses and provides valuable insights into their benefits and limitations. The chapter also emphasizes the need for careful planning, collaboration, and monitoring for the successful implementation of automated BI systems. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Nidhi Sindhwani, Rohit Anand, A. Shaji George and Digvijay Pandey; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Business transaction privacy and security issues in near field communication
The main objective of this chapter is to discuss various security threats and solution in business transactions. The basic working principle and theoretical background of near field communication (NFC) technology is discussed. A component of NFC communication section is to be discussed on various NFC operation modes and RFID tags. NFC technology is used in various fields such as electronic toll collection and e-payment collection for shopping. This device-to-device payment system is facing major security issues. This NFC communication data is transferred from one terminal to another terminal by using short-range radio frequency. Data hackers try to access this radio frequency and attack the business transaction. This hybrid encryption algorithm is used to solve business transaction data security issues. This chapter deals with both key encryption and data encryption processes. 2021, IGI Global. -
Cancer Prognosis by Using Machine Learning and Data Science: A Systematic Review
Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases in the world and the leading cause for most deaths worldwide. Diagnosing cancer early has become the need of the day for doctors and researchers as it allows them to categorize patients as high-risk and low-risk categories which will eventually help them in correct diagnosis and treatment. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that makes use of raw data to make predictions and insights. Using machine learning for cancer prognosis has been under study for a long time and several papers have been published regarding the same. Even though many papers have been published on the usage of statistical methods for cancer prognosis, it has been proved that machine learning models provide more accuracy when compared to conventional statistical methods of detection. These machines can be trained to detect abnormalities such as a tumour by looking at real-world examples. Models such as artificial neural networks, decision trees, clustering techniques, and K-Nearest-Neighbours (KNNs) are being used for cancer prediction, prognosis and also research purposes. The key aim of this article is to go through the popular key trends in using machine learning algorithms for cancer prognosis, types of input datasets to be fed, different types of cancers that can be studied and also the performance of these models. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Carbon dots as an effective material in enzyme immobilization for sensing applications
In carbon dots (CDs), both graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots were the latest entrants to the carbon family, all of which are spherical carbon nanoparticles of size <10nm. CDs have found their way in the various applications in the field of chemical sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, nanomedicine, and electrocatalysis ever since their discovery. CDs provide interesting attributes to electrochemical and optical biosensing using enzyme biosensor due to they have desired advantages of biocompatibility, excellent physicochemical properties, high resistance to photo bleaching, intrinsic non/low-toxicity, high solubility, large specific surface area for the binding of enzymes, and low quantum yields, as well as their ability for modification with the attractive surface area. Surface active functional groups such as epoxide, hydroxyl(OH), and carboxylic acid (COOH) groups can be used for the immobilizing biomolecules on CDs. The enzyme immobilization is a process which is generally carried out by ionic/covalent interaction, encapsulation, and adsorption. The process of adsorption is considered to be a simple, effective, and economical method for enzyme immobilization. Thus enzymes immobilized on CDs have shown significant improvement in both activity and stability. This chapter aims to throw light on the progress and development of enzyme immobilization (e.g., laccase, bovine serum albumin, and horseradish peroxidase) in the CDs, which acts as a probe for sensing application, with laying emphasis on their synthesis along with the challenges faced in this exciting and promising field. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. -
Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Storage and Conversion
A large global commitment is necessary to scale up the deployment of renewable energy, engage in research and development, and implement energy-efficient practices. The development of large-scale energy storage technologies is crucial to fully harness renewable resources, ensure grid stability, and facilitate a more sustainable and reliable energy future. This becomes increasingly important as the demand for clean and renewable energy grows. Polymer nanocomposites have demonstrated considerable promise in energy storage and conversion. These nanocomposites can have better mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, thermal stability, and electrochemical performance due to adding nanoparticles or nanofillers to polymer matrices. Although carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cansignificantly enhance the characteristics of polymers at extremely low filler loadings, they are the perfect filler for both structural and functional applications. An extensive review of current studies on the synthesis and modification of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with CNTs is given in this chapter. To promote this new subject, it also severely evaluates a number of applications pertaining to energy conversion and storage. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Carbon Nanotubes for Supercapacitors
Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that boast significant capacitance, enhanced energy density, rapid charge/discharge cycles, minimal heat generation, safety, sustainability with no expendable components, and extended durability. Supercapacitors, due to their unique characteristics, are increasingly favoured in consumer electronics and as alternate energy solutions. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a promising material for supercapacitor electrodes, thanks to their remarkable features like exceptional conductivity, large surface area, robust mechanical strength, and chemical stability. The objective is to offer a comprehensive understanding of the pros and cons of supercapacitor materials involving CNTs and to pinpoint ways to boost their efficiency. This also entails examining how the inherent physical and chemical traits of pure CNTs, such as their size, quality, imperfections, shape, modifications, and treatment processes, influence their capacitance. Moreover, a deeper dive into composites, like CNTs combined with oxides, polymers, and other hybrid materials, aims to customize their composition and characteristics to optimize capacitance while ensuring the devices longevity. This section also compiles the latest studies on various CNT composites as potential supercapacitor electrode materials. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Carbon-Based and TMDs-Based Materials as Catalyst Support for Fuel Cells
Global energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels have increased the need to look forward to more renewable energy sources. Fuel cell, one of the promising energy conversion devices, has the potential to outsmart the existing devices but has several setbacks to be employed on a larger scale. One of the hindrances is the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction kinetics at the cathode and hence requires electrocatalysts to improve its overall performance. This chapter provides a brief overview of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)- based composites that have the potential to be used as a catalyst support. 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Case study: Impact of Industry 4.0 and its impact on fighting COVID-19
The emerging development in industrial technology for automation and data sharing is known as Industry 4.0. It incorporates the Internet of Things, Cyber-physical systems, and Cloud computing, all of which contribute to the development of a "smart factory". Customers, distributors, vendors, and stakeholders in the supply chain would be capable of connecting and can exchange data easily through Industry 4.0. The COVID-19 pandemic is quickly spreading and posing a threat to people all over the world. Employment and activities in all markets have been disrupted, putting economies all over the world in serious jeopardy. To combat the pandemic, retailers will benefit from Industry 4.0 because it will help to mitigate the impact of identified risks. I4.0 executives were focused on gaining a competitive edge, rising efficiency, lowering prices, and, ensuring profitability as their primary aim was to enhance the productivity of business during the time before the COVID-19 crisis. Our Government has imposed new behavioral trends including social distancing, isolation and, lockdown. The Government needs additional financial resources to combat pandemics as a result of these actions, there has been a global economic slowdown. This chapter enlightens the significance and technologies of Industry 4.0, showing how those technologies and applications help in attaining a better society. It also explains how Industry 4.0 helps in accomplishing sustainable manufacturing and the management tactics it used to boost the company's efficiency, as well as the effects of COVID-19. 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. All rights reserved. -
Catchment-specific approaches in human resource management: Enhancing recruitment practices
In today's dynamic business outdoors, identifying the most skilled employees has become a challenging and captivating challenge. This chapter explores the catchment-specific approach in human resource management in the information technology (IT) industry. This conceptual chapter analyzed peer-reviewed academic literature, the business press, and other media outlets. This conceptual chapter outlines the key issues for catchment-specific approaches in human resource management in the area of recruitment with the changing trends of the recruitment process. Certain emergent practices include analyzing the catchment area, tailoring recruitment strategies, and evaluating and refining catchment-specific in recruitment. This chapter helps raise awareness and understanding of this new and emerging aspect of catchment-specific approach in human resource management. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.