Carbon dots as an effective material in enzyme immobilization for sensing applications

Title

Carbon dots as an effective material in enzyme immobilization for sensing applications

Creator

Ponmudi K.; Cherian A.R.; Varghese A.

Description

In carbon dots (CDs), both graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots were the latest entrants to the carbon family, all of which are spherical carbon nanoparticles of size <10nm. CDs have found their way in the various applications in the field of chemical sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, nanomedicine, and electrocatalysis ever since their discovery. CDs provide interesting attributes to electrochemical and optical biosensing using enzyme biosensor due to they have desired advantages of biocompatibility, excellent physicochemical properties, high resistance to photo bleaching, intrinsic non/low-toxicity, high solubility, large specific surface area for the binding of enzymes, and low quantum yields, as well as their ability for modification with the attractive surface area. Surface active functional groups such as epoxide, hydroxyl(OH), and carboxylic acid (COOH) groups can be used for the immobilizing biomolecules on CDs. The enzyme immobilization is a process which is generally carried out by ionic/covalent interaction, encapsulation, and adsorption. The process of adsorption is considered to be a simple, effective, and economical method for enzyme immobilization. Thus enzymes immobilized on CDs have shown significant improvement in both activity and stability. This chapter aims to throw light on the progress and development of enzyme immobilization (e.g., laccase, bovine serum albumin, and horseradish peroxidase) in the CDs, which acts as a probe for sensing application, with laying emphasis on their synthesis along with the challenges faced in this exciting and promising field. 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Source

Carbon Dots in Analytical Chemistry: Detection and Imaging, pp. 241-253.

Date

2022-01-01

Publisher

Elsevier

Subject

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs); electrochemical and fluorescence sensing; enzyme immobilization

Coverage

Ponmudi K., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Cherian A.R., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India; Varghese A., Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bengaluru, India

Rights

Restricted Access

Relation

ISBN: 978-032398350-1; 978-032398573-4

Format

Online

Language

English

Type

Book chapter

Identifier

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-98350-1.00006-2

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