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Unraveling the Interplay Between Indian Agricultural Sector, Food Security, and Farms Bill: Key to Sustainable Development Goals
Agriculture, along with its allied sectors, plays a significant role in the economic progress and expansion of any country; despite tremendous economic progress, Indias agriculture sector is in jeopardy for various reasons. Agriculture in rural areas has been the primary source of income for the poor. With the growing susceptibility, policymakers main problems are to design ways to promote sustain-able agriculture to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Sustain-able Development Goals emphasize the relevance of agriculture and the need to revi-talize agribusiness worldwide by aiding farmers, increasing investments in research, technology, and market infrastructure, and increasing knowledge sharing. It may lead to spur innovation and give farmers more power. One of the essential advantages of urban agriculture is its potential to boost social capital and civic participation in low-income neighborhoods. As a result, the most critical goal in agricultural develop-ment for food security should be to raise productivity and diversify food production. Diversification of crops should be encouraged among farmers. This would aid in the fight against starvation, but it would also assist in preventing biodiversity loss and strengthen farmer resilience. Hence, our Chapter attempts to analyze the poor food security and what strategies will contribute to the SDG goals to reduce hunger in India as well worldwide. It elucidates a variety of obstacles and opportunities for successful, sustainable, and resilient agriculture. It also covers topics such as the recent agricultural bill and its long-term implications for our growth and a few important takeaways that could help us get closer to our objectives, mainly through the application of technology. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. -
Unseen motivators: A study exploring the effect of subliminally priming known human faces vs unknown human faces on consumers product selection decisions
The human mind is constantly being influenced by a vast number of external stimuli that are perceived consciously as well as unconsciously. The chapter attempts to explore how unconscious (subliminal) priming of known and unknown human faces could impact product selection and decision-making time of consumers. 2 (Known face X Unknown face) X 2 (Product selection X Decision-making time) within-subject design was used for the study. A pilot study was conducted to estimate the subliminal time threshold of the population. It was found to be 17ms. A stimulus-priming experiment designed in Opensesame software was used to subliminally expose the participants to both known and unknown human faces. They were then asked to select a product that they were willing to buy from an option of four products, of which one of the products was primed along with human face (known vs. unknown). The product selection rates as well as the time taken to select the product were recorded. A total of 100 participants falling in the age category of young adults (18-39) took part in the study. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Untold and Painful Stories of Survival: The Life of Adolescent Girls of the Paniya Tribes of Kerala, India
Tribal adolescent girls are vulnerable to neglect, abuse and exploitation across the world. Literature on the status of adolescents belonging to the Paniya tribe is scanty. However, limited information about the Paniya tribe of Kerala indicates that they are neglected and deprived from basic facilities. According to the Census Report of India (2011), 49.5% of the Paniya tribe members are literate. The lives of adolescents in the Paniya community are distinct from those of other sections of society, and they are yet to be addressed by the government or the media. The objective of this chapter is to discuss the issues and concerns of Paniya adolescent girls of Kerala. A Paniya girl from Vattachira (Calicut) treks around 2 km during her menstruation to fetch fresh and clean water. They use pieces of clothes to manage menstruation since they do not have access to pads or tampons. Drying their garments during the rainy season is difficult, which leaves them susceptible to rashes and infections. They are provided with residential educational facilities by the government, but they are unable to adjust to the lifestyles of other members of the society and are frequently bullied and discriminated, leading to school dropouts. Sexual exploitation by strangers and community members is widespread among Paniya girls, and unmarried mothers under the age of 18 are also prevalent among this community. The chapter highlights upon some of the challenges of the Paniya Tribal adolescent girls of Kerala and offers some suggestions for improving the quality of life of this marginalized group, which will assist the policymakers and government for taking need-based measures. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. -
Unveiling the Dynamics of Initial Public Offerings: A Comprehensive Review of IPO Pricing, Performance, and Market Trends
Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) serve as pivotal moments in the financial markets, representing a company's transition from private to public ownership. The importance of IPOs lies in their capacity to raise substantial capital, facilitating business expansion and development. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in India spanning the period from 2018 to 2022, with a particular focus on their listing day performance. The study categorizes IPOs into various issue price ranges, revealing substantial variability in listing day returns across these categories. It underscores the importance of pricing strategy, emphasizing the need for companies to carefully assess their issue prices to align with market demand. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the varying levels of risk associated with IPO investments based on issue price ranges, advocating for diversification and thorough due diligence. In addition, the paper emphasizes the dynamic nature of IPO markets, influenced by factors beyond pricing, and encourages a balanced approach that considers both potential rewards and challenges. This research provides valuable insights for stakeholders, guiding companies, investors, and analysts in making informed decisions in the dynamic world of IPOs. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Unveiling the Emotions: A Sentiment Analysis of Amazon Customer Feedback
This study explores sentiment analysis in the context of diverse regions and contemporary customer feedback, aiming to address research questions related to consolidation based on polarity scores and sentiments. The research utilizes multinomial regression for a comprehensive analysis of customer feedback worldwide. The investigation incorporates confusion matrices, statistics, and class-specific metrics to evaluate the models performance. Results indicate a highly accurate model with perfect sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy. The analysis further includes a breakdown of key metrics such as accuracy, confidence intervals, no information rate, p-value, kappa, and prevalence, emphasizing the models robustness. In conclusion, the multinomial logistic regression model demonstrates exceptional performance in predicting sentiment across diverse classes, highlighting its effectiveness in sentiment analysis on a global scale. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Unveiling the potential of large language models: Redefining learning in the age of generative AI
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming industries by fostering innovation, automating tasks, and enhancing creativity. By enabling personalized user interactions, sophisticated content creation, and advanced data analytics, they are revolutionizing industries such as healthcare, education, and customer service. As these technologies evolve, they can fundamentally change communication and decision-making processes and incorporate AI into everyday life. The objective of this book chapter is to examine the architecture and components, features, functionality, domain-specific applications, recent advances, and future developments of LLMs. Ongoing research aims to reduce biases, increase energy efficiency, and facilitate interpretation. As LLMs continue to evolve, they have the potential to transform many industries, including education, customer service, content creation, and more. As a result, they will be essential for the development of future AI-powered applications. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Upskilling and Curating the Potentials of IoT Enabled Smart Cities: Use Cases and Implementation Strategies
The reason for opting the Internet of Things in the smart city system was to manage assets, resources and services efficiently and improve the operations across the city. This will be achieved by the inception of cognitive technologies, including the Internet of things (IOT). The IoT enabled Smart cities enables the utilities for improving transportation and accessibility, improve social services, promote sustainability, and give its citizens a voice. However, the barriers to smart cities are siloed, piecemeal implementations, growing expectations, uninformed citizens and shrinking budgets and little or no investment capital. Smart streetlights, lighting adapts to the activity on the street. Parking sensors provide real time information on an app where to find vacant parking spaces. Garbage sensors and automated waste collection are recent eras of smart cities. Overall it improves the operational efficiency and provides better quality of service. Thus, India thought of IoT enabled Smart cities which include housing, schools, offices and retail. In this paper, we examine significant aspects of an IoT infrastructure for smart cities, outlining the innovations implemented in the cities of India as use cases and Implementation Strategies. Exceptional attention is devoted to the potential applications of smart cities. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Urbanization and the impact on economic development
Urbanization is a global trend that has both positive and negative impacts on economic development. Urban areas are hubs of innovation, investment, and job creation, leading to increased productivity and economic growth. It also brings challenges such as rapid population growth, environmental degradation, and social inequality. Industrialization, closely linked to urbanization, drives economic growth but leads to environmental and social issues. Balancing the benefits of industrialization with sustainable development and social inclusion is crucial. Policymakers ensure that economic growth is shared equitably, and develop environmentally and socially sustainable. Urbanization poses challenges in terms of strained infrastructure, inadequate housing, and social exclusion. These challenges need to be addressed through comprehensive approaches, including investments in infrastructure, education, social welfare, and sustainable urban design. Government, civil society, and private sector partnerships play a vital role in promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Usage of social media in education: A paradigm shift in the Indian education sector
The pandemic is anticipated to have a significant economic impact, and it already has a terrible effect on schooling worldwide. Due to the coronavirus's quick spread, educational institutions worldwide are making the drastic leap from delivering course materials in person to doing so online. The rapid use of digital technology represents a significant paradigm change that may ultimately transform the Indian educational system. The COVID-19 scenario provides an opportunity to test new tools and technology to make education more relevant for students who cannot travel to campuses. With online learning and evaluation, there is a chance to increase knowledge and productivity while acquiring new skill sets and expedited professional talents. In this chapter, the authors have examined the educational difficulties and opportunities brought on by the sudden COVID-19 epidemic, followed by a discussion of how the Indian educational system has to be recalibrated. Copyright 2023, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Use Cases of Intelligent Manufacturing
In the sphere of manufacturing, the adoption of Intelligent Manufacturing (IM) has become crucial for maintaining competitiveness and efficiency. This abstract chapter explores the paradigms and progression of IM, tracing the evolution from Industry 1.0 to Industry 5.0. It highlights the significance of digital manufacturing and the Internet of Things in enhancing connectivity. The chapter demonstrates the importance of IM through its diverse applications, including supply chain management, logistics, and warehouse automation. The authors examine the transformative influence of artificial intelligence on order management, predictive maintenance, and the creation of virtual twins. Real-world examples, such as GEs utilization of AI to accelerate product design and Toyotas partnership with Invisible AI for optimizing production quality control, illustrate the practical advantages of IM in driving innovation and operational efficiency. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of IM, highlighting its current and future impact on the manufacturing sector. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Alka Chaudhary, Vandana Sharma, and Ahmed Alkhayyat individual chapters, the contributors. -
Use of waste foundry sand in precast concrete paver blocksa study with belgaum foundry industry
The current study was undertaken at CHRIST (Deemed to be University) in Bangalore to investigate the potential of using waste sand from Belgaum foundries as fine aggregate in the production of precast concrete paver blocks. Concrete paver blocks were manufactured as per the recommendations of IS 15658:2006. M-35 grade of concrete with block thickness of 60mm was considered as the design parameter. Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) and ground-Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) were replaced for manufactured sand and cement, respectively. WFS replacement rates were 15, 30, and 45% by weight of the manufactured sand, and that of GGBS was 30% constant by weight of cement. Obligatory performance tests were conducted as per Indian standards, which included compressive strength, water absorption, and abrasion resistance. Accordingly, paver blocks with 45% WFS showed satisfactory results and can be considered into non-traffic to light-traffic category, which finds application in places like building and monument premises, paths and patios, landscapes, public gardens, and parks. Cost comparison of conventional paver blocks with WFS paver blocks showed approximately 4.8% reduction in the cost of paver blocks containing 45% WFS. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020. -
Using Analytics to Measure the Impact of Pollution Parameters in Major Cities of India
Coronavirus is airborne and can spread easily. Air pollution may have an impact on breathing and also keep the virus airborne. The levels of air pollution were impacted by the lockdown measures, restricting the vehicular and industrial pollutants. Therefore, there is a need to understand the relation between air pollution levels and the Coronavirus infection rate. The study aims to find the effect of various pollutants across major cities of India on the R-value. The pollution data was collected from the Governments official portal. The major pollutants on which the data was collected are PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, and Ozone. The data on air pollution levels were also collected for the selected cities from April 2020 to April 2021. The spread is measured as the reproduction number at time t (Rt), which is an estimate of infectious disease transmissibility throughout an outbreak, or it is the rating of Coronavirus or any diseases ability to spread. The data is analysed using MS Excel and R Programming. Descriptive statistics and regularisation are performed on the data. The study results reveal that some pollutants positively and negatively affect the infection rate. However, the effect is very low, and it concluded that the pollution might not directly affect infection rates. The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023. -
Using Ensemble Model to Reduce Downtime in Manufacturing Industry: An Advanced Diagnostic Framework for Early Failure Detection
The fourth industrial resolution marks a significant shift that uses emerging technologies such as intelligent automation, extensive machine-to-machine communication, and the internet of things (IoT) to modernize conventional manufacturing and industrial methods. The examination of vast data gathered in modern industrial facilities has not only greatly leveraged artificial intelligence (AI) tools but has also driven the development of innovative technologies. In this context, a novel framework for predictive maintenance in the production sector is introduced in this research, which depends on an ensemble model. First, a set of input features are collected from sensors. Then, data normalization technique is applied to standardize and prepare data for further analysis. These normalized input features are then used to train an ensemble classifier. In the ensemble model, multilayer perceptron (MLP), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM) are serve as base classifiers. Efficacy of the designed framework is validated using predictive maintenance dataset. Results demonstrated that the proposed ensemble model exhibited improved accuracy compared to individual base classifiers. The results further demonstrated that the implemented model had superior efficiency compared to the other benchmark models. 2025 selection and editorial matter, Amit Kumar Tyagi, Shrikant Tiwari, and Gulshan Soni; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Using Sentiment Analysis to Identify Consumers Emotions in the Hotel Industry
This research attempted to present a more comprehensive overview of online user-generated data by extending far beyond quantitative analysis. We gathered a distinctive and substantial database of online user ratings for the hotel industry from numerous websites over a significant amount of time. To gauge the quality of hotel service, we divided customer reviews into two categories using the sentiment analysis technique. The impact of those factors in influencing users overall evaluation and content creation behavior is then investigated. The findings imply that different aspects of user evaluations have considerably diverse effects on how users evaluate products and what motivates them to create content. 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. -
Using service learning to fuel multi-disciplinary research in Indian HEIs: A novel approach
The current work proposes a novel approach that can allow Indian HEIs to offer service-learning-based curricula while enhancing the institutional research output. The proposed model suggests a unique linkage between existing volunteer and academic departments at institutions of higher education such that data already being generated through existing outreach programs can be utilised for meaningful social science research. The proposed model thus utilizes existing resources already available with an institution to bolster research output, enhances the institutional capacity to include a pedagogical approach with proven benefits, and facilitates institutional compliance with regulatory directives mandating the inclusion of Service-learning-based courses at UG and PG levels. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Value addition to international students' exchange programs through engagement in services
Social responsibility has been an emerging concept in Higher Educational Institutions in India. Promoting social responsibility through international students' exchange programs helps students' capacity to improve their cultural, social and service knowledge to bring about sustainable and meaningful development. This chapter looks at the impact of the interventions of international students in slum communities, especially working with children and women for their academic, health and economic empowerment. This was a qualitative study using a self-structured interview schedule. Data were collected from twenty international students from universities of Norway and the Netherlands who were placed in urban slums for five years and thirty children and women from urban slums of Bangalore who benefitted from this program. A purposive sampling method was used, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This chapter reveals the development of children and women through international students' programs and helps showcase further planning for innovative programs for vulnerable populations. Attitudes of both groups towards cultural differences and the expectation and effectiveness of the exchange program may also be described in this chapter. This chapter intends to help plan international exchange programs from different dimensions benefiting the slum communities for their development and sensitizing cultural differences from different perspectives. 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. -
Vessel turnaround time reduction in ports: An automated lean approach
Vessel turnround time is a vital factor that determines the efficiency of ports and consequently the trade competitiveness of a country. The goal of this research is to identify the factors leading to vessel turnaround time and suggest methods to increase the operational effectiveness. The research involves gathering data, analysis of the procedures for documentation and cargo handling, analysing the historical turnaround time, the reasons or causes contributing to idle time, identifying the root causes and proposing a solution that could contribute to the reduction of turnaround time of vessel so as to improve the efficiency of port operations. Some identified factors that contribute to the idle time include inefficient cargo handling and loading and unloading process, delays in documentation and customs clearance procedures, unplanned maintenance or repairs of vessels, harsh weather conditions, insufficient coordination and communication between stakeholders involved. 2024 by IGI Global. -
Violence Prevention Climate and Turnover Intention: Mediating Role of Spirit at Work and Emotional Exhaustion
Workplace violence is a costly organizational problem. Violence prevention, incorporating employee perspectives on safe working policies, is crucial. A safe environment can enhance spirit at work, reducing burnout and turnover intention. This study investigates the relationship between violence prevention climate, emotional exhaustion, spirit at work, and turnover intention. Standardized tools were administered to 146 IT professionals aged 30-40 years. Results showed violence prevention climate positively correlated with spirit at work (r = 0.39; p < 0.001) and negatively with emotional exhaustion (r = -0.40; p < 0.001) and turnover intention (r = -0.35; p < 0.001). Emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between violence prevention climate and turnover intention (b = -0.23; p < 0.001), while spirit at work did not show mediation. 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dr. Sundeep Katevarapu, Dr. Anand Pratap Singh, Dr. Priyanka Tiwari, Ms. Akriti Varshney, Ms. Priya Lanka, Ms. Aankur Pradhan, Dr. Neeraj Panwar, Dr. Kumud Sapru Wangnue; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Vocational training course preferences among Sikkimese youth
Unemployment is one of the major issues in modern times. High unemployment rates affect a country's economic growth, mental wellbeing of an individual and his/her family members, and create unrest in society. Vocational training is one of the most crucial elements in the competitive and developing world. Through the provision of real-world experience, vocational training aids in developing skills. This study aims to highlight the aspirations of the people of Sikkim concerning vocational training and find its challenges and hindrances. With the help of a structured questionnaire, responses were taken from the youth of Sikkim, India and their perception about opting for different vocational training courses were taken. Upon analyzing the data, it was found that males are more inclined towards cooking and baking classes, repair of mobiles, laptops and other electronic accessories, and repair of bikes and automobiles. Females, on the other hand, wanted to focus on makeup and beautician courses, jewelry design, floriculture, and towards repair of mobile and computers. 2023, IGI Global. -
Voices of the Future: Generation Zs Views on AIs Ethical and Social Impact
As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly integral to modern society, its profound implications are coming to the forefront of discussions. This research paper investigates the perspective of Generation Z on the multifaceted societal and ethical impacts of AI. Gen Z is the first generation to fully embrace AI across all facets of life. Therefore, understanding their attitudes, concerns, and expectations towards AI is imperative for cultivating a responsible, adaptable, and ethically conscious society in the AI-driven era. This study addresses a significant research gap by exploring Gen Zs perceptions of the challenges associated with AI, such as issues related to privacy, data security, transparency, bias, public fear and more. It also examines the impact of AI on employment dynamics, specifically on job displacement and the necessity for reskilling in the face of AI-driven automation. The paper adopts a global perspective, acknowledging the variations in perception influenced by cultural, economic, and historical factors. Leveraging a sample size of approximately 200250 respondents aged 1825years, the research aims to provide a comprehensive view of Gen Zs viewpoints on AIs ethical and societal ramifications. Findings emphasize the need for transparent and accountable AI systems, as Gen Z is uncomfortable with the ambiguity in AI algorithms. Concerns about privacy and data security highlight the necessity for robust safeguards. They also advocate for strategies to address job displacement and ensure harmonious coexistence between humans and AI. In education, Gen Z sees AI as transformative, endorsing personalized learning. They stress the importance of regulatory frameworks to combat AI bias. They recognize AIs potential to enhance human connections and combat social isolation. The studys findings contribute to policy discussions, educational strategies, and business practices, offering insights into how to harness AIs benefits while mitigating its potential pitfalls. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.