Browse Items (2150 total)
Sort by:
-
Structured text programming to visualize the distribution of packages on a conveyor
Automation is a process of increasing production and reducing the downtime of any industry. With the integration of sensor data to the cloud using an OPC-VA communication protocol, the automation becomes more prominent and interesting. However, many existing industrial controllers do not support open platform communication unified architecture (OPC-VA) and it needs an IIoT device to connect the cloud. The existing programmable logic controller in any industry have to be connected to an IIoT device through Ethernet. Sensors connected to the controller will transmit the data to the IIoT device. The transmission can also be bidirectional. In this paper, a conveyor which distributes packages is simulated in Codesys and it is visualized in a human-machine interface (HMI) screen which is in-built in the software. The hardware set-up is made with the industrial controller to execute the same. A methodology to send the data from the controller to the cloud using open platform communication unified architecture (OPC-UA) is proposed 2023 IEEE. -
Student's Performance Prediction Using Modified PSO
In the present-day education system, evaluating students' performance is very important. The prediction of student performance is helpful to students and instructors in maintaining a student's progress. Presently, institutions are implementing Continuous Evaluation Systems. This system is beneficial for improving the students' performance and helps increase their regularity in their studies. This work proposed a new version of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to classify students into different categories based on their performance with the help of various factors. The proposed model modified the strategy to increase the optimization algorithm's efficiency. This model deals with the bag of features with the modified optimization algorithm to recognize students' performance based on 33 features. These features are used for training, validation, and testing of the student's performance and generate a classification report which includes F-measure, recall, precision, and accuracy. Based on the classification report, the proposed model is compared with the existing methods, and the better performance of the proposed model is ascertained. 2023 IEEE. -
Students Perception of Chat GPT
An artificial intelligence based Chatbot, ChatGPT was launched by Open AI in November 2022. In the field of education, ChatGPT has several benefits as well as challenges. Chat GPT can be considered as an advanced and a powerful tool to enhance the learning experience. It adds value to the education system only when it is used wisely. However, it is important to understand that the challenges must be addressed. It may act as a good source for collating the information, but it is always advised by the researchers that ones own perspective must be added to draw inferences from the output generated by ChatGPT. Our study supports the finding that ChatGPT can be used for the generation of ideas or to learn a new language. It also becomes imperative for the faculties to motivate students to use ChatGPT and add their inferences as well. AI models like ChatGPT can provide assistance, answer questions and provide explanations on various topics, making learning more accessible and tailored to individual needs. With this paper, we aim to provide a more informed discussion around the usage of ChatGPT in education. 2023 IEEE. -
Studies on design and simulation of di-methyl ether plant of 160 TPD capacity
Energy is needed to run almost everything we see around us, from cars to the electricity power generation plants and everything else. Fossil fuels produce harmful products on combustion. One such eco-friendly alternative is Di-Methyl Ether also known as DME. In this study, a DME plant of capacity 160 tons per day was designed. Methanol dehydration process has been adapted as the process of production. The purity of DME from this plant is 99.5% by weight. Distillation column T-202 and heat exchanger E-208 were designed in detail. The detail design results showed that T-202 needed 6 stages for separation and a column diameter of 1.28m, while the simulation results showed 7 stages and column diameter as 1.285m for the same separation process. Furthermore, E-208 is of type 1-2 shell & tube heat exchanger with 307 tubes and tube length of 5.5m, however the Aspen EDR simulation results were also in close agreement with 304 tubes and 5m length for the same heat exchanger. This paper presents the results of simulation results of the simulation of these equipment's and full plant done using Aspen plus V8.8 software and Aspen EDR. 2023 Author(s). -
Study of the Balmer Decrements for Galactic Classical Be Stars Using the Himalayan Chandra Telescope of India
In a recent study, Banerjee et al. (2021) produced an atlas of all major emission lines found in a large sample of 115 Galactic field Be stars using the 2-m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) facility located at Ladakh, India. This paper presents our further exploration of these stars to estimate the electron density in their discs. Our study using Balmer decrement values indicate that their discs are generally optically thick in nature with electron density (ne) in their circumstellar envelopes (CEs) being in excess of 1013 cm-3 for around 65% of the stars. For another 19% stars, the average ne in their discs probably range between 1012 cm-3 and 1013 cm-3. We noticed that the nature of the H? and H? line profiles might not influence the observed Balmer decrement values (i.e. D34 and D54) of the sample of stars. Interestingly, we also found that around 50% of the Be stars displaying D34 greater than 2.7 are of earlier spectral types, i.e. within B0B3. 2024 Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege. All rights reserved. -
Study on 5G Massive MIMO Technology Key Parameters for Spectral Efficiency Improvement Including SINR Mapping on Rural Area Test Case
Massive MIMO is one of the key disruptive technologies in 5G which offers significant change in the core network architecture and channel modeling compared to the previous wireless communication standards. There are many research works currently focusing on implementing Massive MIMO network in different channel propagation models. ITU, 3GPP and IMT consortium deliver timely 5G LTE releases and taken as benchmark documents by various telecom companies and universities to set up testing, trials and hardware deployments. However, without optimization on spectral efficiency parameter, the specifications proposed by 5G in terms of improvement in data rate or throughput could be difficult to achieve. This paper initially provides an in-depth study on spectral efficiency estimation and optimization in Massive MIMO by investigating different research papers. From these papers, list of parameters involved in spectral efficiency are identified, such as, fading characteristics, power or energy efficient parameters, standard deviation, angle of arrival factors in antennas installed in base stations and many others. The author however concludes with the best selection of constraint optimization parameters to improve the spectral efficiency taking into account of its simple design and major impact on the improvement in the result by taking downlink scenario of a simulation environment using 5G Massive MIMO network. SINR mapping of standard Rural Macro test scenario adopted from M 2314, LTE release 17 of 5G framework is simulated in this research paper. 2022 IEEE. -
Study on Spray Dried Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Dental Implants
Medical implants are devices, tissues or supports that are positioned in a suitable manner on any defective part of the human body to facilitate its smooth functioning again. Known as 'prosthetics', they may be used to offer support to a specific organ or tissues, distribute medication, or observe the body condition. While many of the implants are made from skin, bone or other tissues removed from the body itself, the artificial ones are made from engineering materials which could be any of the compatible metals, plastics, ceramics or even composites. The high end technologically advanced implant material is expected to withstand severe barriers and compatibility issues when in contact with the human body. One such application is dental implants, where, the materials must possess superior mechanical properties, exhibit good hydro-chemical and low thermal degradation characteristics. They are also required to possess characteristics such as low friction, strong wear resistance, good wettability and biocompatibility, when placed in the mouth. The only materials that come close to meeting the needs are ceramics, limited by the associated high fracture rate. Stabilized zirconia (stabilized with yttria, ceria etc.) has provided potential solution. Among the two stabilizers, ceria stabilized zirconia may be a better alternative to yttria stabilized zirconia. Other alternatives are alumina, apatites: but their use are constrained based upon technological and cost considerations. Implant product is a highly demanding technology. Spray drying is a suitable process methodology to obtain free flowing powders with uniform morphology and chemical composition, essential for an implant production. This paper presents (i) results from spray drying 8% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 and (ii) a review of published literature pertaining to dental implant materials, the various processing methodologies, with special reference to stabilized zirconia and spray drying. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. -
Sub-Optimization based Random Forest Algorithm for Accurate and Efficient Land use and Land Cover Classification using Landsat Time Series Data
The land use and land cover (LULC) play an essential role to investigate the impacts of environmental factors and socio-economic development in the Earth's surface. Extracting the hidden information from the remote sensing images in the observed earth environment is the challenging process. In this research, implemented a model that uses Landsat data to investigate the LULC changes. Utilized the Landsat 5,7 and 8 as inputs for the 1985 to 2019 by Google Earth Engine (GEE) is applied for the robust classification. This paper proposed a Sub-forest optimization based Random forest (SO-RF) classifier with faster diagnosis speed for LULC classification. Moreover, to increase the multispectral Landsat band's resolution from 30 m to 15 m, the pan-sharpening algorithm is utilized. In addition, analyzed the various image configurations grounded numerous spectral indices and other supplementary data such as land surface temperature (LST) and digital elevation model (DEM) on final classification accuracy. The proposed SO-RF produced higher accuracy (0.97 for kappa, 96.78% Overall accuracy (OA), 0.94 for f1-score) than Copernicus Global Land Cover Layers (CGLCL) map and state of art methods like K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Multi-class Support Vector machine (MSVM). 2024 IEEE. -
Subscriber Preference and Content Consumption Pattern toward OTT platform: An Opinion Mining
Introduction: The outburst of the pandemic has paved the way for the immense popularity of over-The-Top (OTT) platforms among viewers. Furnishing an alternate medium to watch favorite shows and making it a new normal, the OTT platform has replaced the traditional entertainment platform. However, migrating from traditional television to an OTT platform is still a challenge in developing countries. Hence, the understanding of subscriber preferences and content consumption patterns becomes essential to planning and strategizing future business models. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to examine the subscriber preference and content consumption pattern toward the OTT platform. In addition, this paper also investigates the popularity of leading OTT platforms among Indian viewers. Methodology: Data has been collected from the subscribers of three major OTT: Amazon Prime, Netflix Video, and Disney+Disney+Hotstar. A total of 1860 reviews were scraped as textual data and analyzed using the lexicon-based method. The polarity of the sentiments pertaining to the reviews of different platforms was analyzed using sentiment analysis. Furthermore, the topic modeling on the reviews was performed using natural language programming(NLP). Findings: The findings of sentiment analysis showed that Netflix and Disney+Disney+Hotstar had a considerable number of positive sentiments among viewers when compared to Amazon Prime Video. Eventually, the paper also showed negative sentiment towards Amazon Prime Video regarding streaming content, ad pop-ups, interface issue, shows, etc. Our findings help OTT platforms to determine which factors are driving this dramatic shift in viewer behaviour so that better strategies for attracting and retaining subscribers can be developed. Despite the rise in OTT platform popularity, this is the first study to investigate the content consumption pattern of OTT viewers comprehensively. 2022 IEEE. -
Sugarcane Leaf Disease Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network
Indian sugarcane is of good quality, and the country exports significant quantities of sugar and sugarcane-based products to various countries worldwide. However, the quality of the sugarcane can vary depending on the specific variety and growing conditions, and exporters need to ensure that the product meets the quality standards of the importing country. To maintain the quality of sugarcane during transportation, it is crucial to ensure that it is harvested at the right time and handled carefully during loading and unloading. However, the farmers cultivating the sugarcane face a significant issue dealing with bacterial infection in the plants. In order to stop the disease from spreading further, we use Convolutional Neural Networks in our article to extract information from sugarcane leaves and construct an algorithm that accurately classifies bacterial leaves. Using an image dataset that includes pictures of both healthy and ill plants, identifying the image's key characteristics, and using the image to help the classifier provide a reliable result are all included in the total process. Our study will save farmers time and effort by identifying the decaying plants by looking for bacterial patches on the leaves. 2024 IEEE. -
Sulfamic acid catalyzed grinding: A facile one-pot approach for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrazoles under green conditions
A competent, rapid and simple grinding procedure for the synthesis of pharmacologically relevant polysubstituted pyrazoles catalyzed by sulfamic acid is reported via multicomponent reaction of substituted arylaldehydes, 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile, hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate under solvent-free reaction conditions. In our reported protocol, four different reactants featuring diverse functional groups are assembled in one pot, enabling the synthesis of more diverse molecular structures in a facile manner. 2022 -
Sulphuric acid supported silica gel (H2SO4-SiO2) as an efficient catalyst for one-pot multicomponent synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-amines under ultrasonication
In this study, the catalytic potential of a novel heterogeneous catalyst-sulphuric acid supported on silica gel (H2SO4-SiO2) has been assessed for the one-pot cyclo condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes, 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile, ethyl acetoacetate and hydrazine/phenyl hydrazine to furnish poly functionalized pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-amine scaffolds under ultrasonication. Notably, within the framework of green chemistry, this divergent and step-economic approach has many benefits such as (i) use of water as solvent in the reaction, (ii) creation of up to five bonds in one sequence, (iii) avail of US irradiation as an efficient source of energy, (iv) application of nontoxic and reusable catalyst. Besides these, simple workup procedure, low catalyst loadings, shorter reaction time, high functional group compatibility, readily accessible starting materials and excellent yields without column chromatography render this protocol novel and greener towards the synthesis of poly functionalized pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-amines. 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Second International Symposium ''Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications: Academy - Industry Meet''. -
Sum signed graphs - I
Let G=(V,E) be a simple graph, f: V(G) ? {1, 2, ..., |V(G)|} be a bijective function and ?: E(G) ? {+,-} be a mapping such that ? (uv)=+, whenever f(u)+f(v) ? n and ? (uv)=-, whenever f(u)+f(v)>n. Then, S=(G,f,?) is said to be a sum signed graph. In this paper, we initiate the study of sum signed graphs. Also, we find rna number for some classes of graphs and present some of the characteristics of sum signed graphs. 2020 Author(s). -
Surface Roughness Analysis in AWJM for Enhanced Workpiece Quality
Abrasive Water Jet Machining is a distinctive manufacturing process that effectively removes material from a workpiece by employing a high-pressure stream of water combined with abrasive particles. The final quality of the machined surface is directly influenced by various process parameters, such as the traverse speed, hydraulic pressure, stand-off distance, abrasive flow rate, and the specific type of abrasive used. In recent times, extensive research has been undertaken to enhance the performance of AWJM, with a specific focus on critical performance measures like surface roughness. This paper presents the latest advancements in AWJM research, with particular attention given to enhancing performance measures, implementing process monitoring and control, and optimizing process variables for applications involving high-carbon steel. 2024 E3S Web of Conferences -
Survey on Malicious URL Detection Techniques
Crimes in the cyberspace are increasing day by day. Recent cyber threat defense reports states that 80.7% of the systems are compromised at least once in 2020. Cyber criminals taking the pandemic situation as an opportunity for the mass attack through malicious URL circulated by email or text messages in social media. Performing cyber-attacks through malicious URLs is the handy method for the cyber criminals. Protecting from such attacks requires proper awareness and solid defense system. Some of the common approaches followed by the cybercriminals to deceive the victims are 1. Phishing URLs which is very similar to the legitimate URLs. 2. Redirecting URLs 3. Using JavaScript, redirects to the phishing URL when user interacts with webpage 4. Social engineering etc. As soon as the novice internet users clicks on the malicious URL link, cyber criminals can easily steal personal information or install malware on their device to get additional access. Recently malicious URLs are generated algorithmically and uses URL shortening service to evade the existing security setup such as firewall and web filters. In literature, the researchers have proposed several ways to detect the malicious URLs but, new attack vectors that are introduced by the cyber criminals can easily bypass the security system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of various malicious URL detection techniques which includes blacklist based, rules based, machine learning and deep learning-based techniques. Most importantly, the paper discusses the common features used by the detection system from webpages to classify the URL as malicious or benign and various performance metrics. This will encourage the new researchers to bring out the innovative solutions. 2022 IEEE. -
Survey on Microwave frequency v Band: Characteristics and challenges
This paper presents the characteristics of V band frequency range of Microwave band in electromagnetic spectrum. The paper also identifies the challenges using this band in applications. The lower microwave frequency band of 2-3 GHz is used in wireless applications. Wi-Fi, Wi-Max and cellular frequencies are quite familiar using in the lower band of microwave frequency band. However, the congestion of the frequency band in this lower frequency band invoked researchers to think a higher frequency microwave band lies between 57 GHz-64 GHz band. The wireless application can utilize this unlicensed frequency band. However signal absorption, fast fading of signals in long range communication, also transceiver design architectures complexity pose great challenges in this higher band. Applications of short range such as military applications utilize this band. However, thinking a new dimension of characteristic features of microwave upper band is the focus of this paper. This paper tells the V Band, that is upper band of microwave range frequencies (57 - 64 GHz). 2016 IEEE. -
Survey study on the methods of bird vocalization classification
The technologies holds the ability to change the world. Current digital era is a product of the evolutionary technologies. It created the necessity to increase the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and it became one of the most emerging research areas of the decade. HCI is an interface between the users and the system to improve the interaction. HCI concept came into existence in early 1980's. One of the emerging new research area in HCI is Context Aware System (CAS). The technological advancements in HCI created a new outlook in the research of CAS. CAS is a system which understand the user, their surroundings, and location. CAS make this possible by processing the environmental and bio-acoustic. Sound is one of the important media for both humans and animals to communicate and understand information. Bird sound, vehicle sound, wind sound etc. are some of the environmental and bio acoustics. Processing these sounds or signals will help us to create a better performing CAS. This paper profiles a survey study on bird sound classification and identification. Automatic identification of bird sound is one among the difficult task in signal processing. Also, the paper will profile the previous research works on various phases in bird vocalization processing; such as preprocessing, feature selection and classification. 2016 IEEE. -
Sustainability & Comparative Impact Analysis of Coral reef bleaching in Indian context
An estimated value of 500 million of the population are directly benefited through coral reefs related jobs, food and defence of coastal areas. Coral reefs help to reduce wave energy by 97%. They help to protect the coastal areas from storms, floods and wave energy by 97%. Natural disasters such as Tsunami and erosion of coastal areas are protected by reefs. In this process, they help to protect the lives of many staying in the coastal areas including animals, properties, and other natural resources. There are reasons for reef deterioration like change of climate, high pollution, destructive fishing, bleaching of coral reefs is a big concern now worldwide. Severe coral bleaching is also reported in India. A significant rise in the surface temperature of Sea has become a critical reason for coral bleaching. This work attempts to Study the link between sustainability, SDG goals of 2030 given by United Nations and coral bleaching. In this work study period is focussed from 1985 to 2021 in the Indian coral reef bleaching areas. The Electrochemical Society -
Sustainability Concepts in the Design of Tall Structures
Construction industry is a rapid growing industry with various new technologies coming into practice. Sustainability concept is also a call for the present generation as many natural resources are getting exhausted. Thus the new era of development of Tall Structures with respect to Sustainability concept is being studied by concentrating on the Structural systems that can be adopted for construction of the same. In the present study we have considered two different 3D RC frame structural systems i.e., normal Beam-Column structural system and Outrigger structural system. The following two systems were modelled in ETABS 15.2 software in seismic zone V with three different heights that is 150m (50 storeys), 240m (80 storeys) and 300m (100 storeys). Response spectrum analysis is carried out considering Earthquake forces and the results are tabulated for maximum storey displacement and maximum storey drift. Then finally the structural system which is sustainable in construction of Tall structures is identified. 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Sustainability In The Built Environment: Are We Doing Enough?
Sustainability is one of the key requirements for any business; however, there exist gaps in recognizing and aligning these sustainable practices with everyday operational activities. With this in mind, this study aims to explore the current awareness level in business leaders and stakeholders about corporate responsibility towards sustainability and reflects on the obstacles encountered by them in diverse built environments, laying the groundwork for addressing these hurdles and contributing towards the overall sustainable development. The study uses a thematic approach to analyzing data with the help of NVIVO12 software. The major findings include Energy Auditing process - not carried out frequently; both sustainability and profitability go hand in hand; absence of technology such as AI and Sensor technology has contributed to the built environment's energy performance gap; there is a knowledge gap that exists among business leaders in understanding the concept of sustainable development. The Electrochemical Society