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Efficient data mining techniques for medical data
Healthy decision making for the well being is a challenge in the current era with abundant information everywhere. Data mining, machine newlinelearning and computational statistics are the leading fields of study that are supporting the empowered individual to take valuable decisions to optimize the outcome of any working domain. High demand for data newlinehandling exists in healthcare, as the rate of increase in patients is proportional to the rate of population growth and life style changes. Techniques for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of diseases are the need of the hour to provide better treatment for the human community. Data mining techniques are a boon for building a quality and newlineefficient model for health prediction applications. As cancer explodes everywhere in recent years, the data sets from cancer newlineregistries have been focused as the medical data in this research. The main aim of thesis is to build a constructive and efficient classifier model for cancer prognosis prediction. Most of the existing system develops a diagnosis prediction models from the screening or survey data, as the data newlineset is widely available and are easy to collect due the insensitive nature of newlinethe factors involved in such research. Whereas the prognosis prediction requires a sensitive details of the patients those who are under treatment for a diagnosed disease. Hospitals and the community registries newlinemaintained by the government are the main source for data collection. Well maintained electronic hospital records with histopathology information is not public in India for the researchers. Hence cancer data newlinefrom a US based open access data center has been used in this research for all experimentation. This research work is a progressive model that gradually improves the newlineprediction accuracy by selecting appropriate data mining techniques in each phase. -
A Study on Upper Domatic Number and Its Variants in Graphs
For a graph G = (V, E), a vertex partition and#8673; = {V1, V2, . . . , Vk} is an upper domatic partition if Vi dominates Vj or Vj dominates Vi or both, for every Vi, Vj 2 and#8673;, whenever i 6= j. The upper domatic number D(G) is the maximum order of an upper domatic partition of G. This thesis consists of studies on upper domatic number and its variants in graphs. The bounds of D(G) in terms of order, size, !(G) and #(G) are established. The class of graphs with equal upper domatic newlinenumber and clique number is characterised. The relation between upper domatic number and minimum degree of the graph is explored. The case when the upper domatic number and domatic number are equal is investigated and the graphs for which D(G) and the domatic number d(G) coincide are characterised. Apart from the relation between the D(G) and other graph parameters, the upper domatic number of some special classes of graphs including unicyclic graphs, complement of cycles and powers of graphs is determined. Transitivity, Tr(G), a variant of upper domatic number is defined as the maximum number of sets in a vertex partition {V1, V2, . . . , Vk} such that Vi dominates Vj where 1 i lt j k. The results from the study on this concept include characterisation of graphs with transitivity at least k, exact values of transitivity of few classes of graphs, few upper bounds of transitivity of graphs, the transitivity of trees and an algorithm to determine the same. Along with this, the concept of total upper domatic number is introduced as a new variant of upper domatic number. The total upper domatic number is the maximum order of a total upper domatic partition of G which is an upper domatic partition such that the graph induced by each partite set does not contain any vertex of degree zero. Basic properties and bounds of upper domatic number in terms of order and maximum degree are discussed. Further, the total upper domatic number of some special classes of graphs is determined. -
Destination Resilience and Smart Tourism Ecosystem : A Destination Management Framework for Competitiveness
Over the past many decades, the travel and tourism industry has been at the forefront of adapting to new changes and accepting the latest technologies. Today's travelers are sophisticated and knowledgeable, as they have all the information available to them easily, which contributes to fast and quick decision making. The world is gradually changing into a much more intelligent and advanced platform that makes it possible to employ techniques like augmented reality, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence. This has proven to be very successful in a variety of fields, including education, healthcare, marketing, and communication. The current study focuses on incorporating smart tourism strategies to build a sustainable ecosystem at destinations, which enhances the competitiveness of the destination and makes it easier for value co- creation among the different stakeholders. Research suggests that although industry-led and government-initiated projects seem to prioritize the use of smart applications in destinations in theory, practical implementation appears to lag behind. Less research has been done in India on gamification, smart wearable technology at travel destinations, and the practical application of AR and VR tools. The study revolves around the South Indian State of Kerala, which has been a pioneer in tourism promotion in the country. In addition to proposing a framework for destination management and tourism competitiveness with smart tourism applications, this study aims to investigate the practical implications of smart tourism tools and technologies at destinations. To shed more light on the findings, a mixed methodology approach is used to analyze the data using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. The study's conclusions have significant ramifications for destination management, strategic planning, and the application of smart technologies at travel locations. -
Study of effect of modulations on the onset of rayleigh benard convection in a couple stress fluid
In this thesis we study the linear and non-linear analyses of Rayleigh-Benard convection in a couple stress fluid. The effect of rotational modulation, temperature modulation and gravity modulation in the presence of external constraints like magnetic field and electric field are studied. The problems investigated in this thesis throw light on externally controlled convection in a couple stress fluid. The problems investigated in this thesis have possible applications in geophysics, astrophysics, oceanography engineering and experiment/ space situations with g-jitter connected with gravity simulation studies. with this motivation, we investigate in this thesis four problems and, their summary is given below one by one. (i)Linear and non-liner analyses of rotational modulation on Rayleigh-Benard convection in a couple stress fluid. The linear and non-linear analyses of Rayleigh-Benard convection in a couple stress fluid with rotational modulation is studied. The linear and non-linear analyses are, respectively based on normal mode technique and truncated representation of fourier series. The expression for Rayleigh number and correction Rayleigh number are obtained using regular perturbation method in the case of liner theory. The resulting no-autonomous lorenz model obtained in no-linear analysis is solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg45 method to quantify the heat transport. The effect of rotational modulation is shown to be stabilizing there by leading to a situation of reduced heat transfer. The problem suggests an elegant method of controlling internal convection.(ii) Linear and non-linear analyses of gravity modulation on Rayleigh-Benard convection in a weakly electrically conducting couple strss fluid.The effect of time-periodic body force on the onset of Rayleigh-Benard convection in weak electrically conducting couple stress fluid is investigated. The stability of the horizontal fluid layer heated from below is examined by assuming time periodic body acceleration. -
Synthesis, Process Parameter Control and Performance of Nano Ceramic Coatings for Diesel Engine Applications
Ceramics are non-metallic inorganic solids which are used in various forms (bulk and newlinecoatings) and environments (low and high temperature) to provide protection from newlinethermal, wear or chemical attack. Due to their high melting point, compressive newlinestrength, oxidation and corrosion resistant properties, ceramics are strong, hard, newlinebrittle and harsh environment resistant. Ceramic coatings are generally applied on newlinemetal components to either enhance their life or augment the performance of the devices they are mounted on. Furthermore, coatings being thin (few small units to hundreds of microns); they do not demand significant alteration in component design. Among the many types of coatings used in engineering applications, Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC) and wear resistant coatings (WRC) are used to protect metallic components from thermal and mechanical damages respectively. 6 to 8%Yttria stabilized zirconia (6-8% Y2O3-ZrO2), generally designated as 8YSZ has been newlineextensively used as TBC and alpha alumina (and#945;-Al2O3) find applications as WRC. 250 to 300m thick micron grained TBC, with grain sizes typically up to 20 m or even higher are well known to thermally insulate diesel engine combustion chamber to provide enhanced fuel efficiency characteristics. 8YSZ and and#945;-Al2O3 coatings also find use in power plants, textiles, automotive and aero-space industries etc. to provide benefits like improved product quality and energy efficiency, extended wear life, reduced maintenance cycles and costs etc. Among ceramic coatings, nanostructured coatings have received further interest because of their extraordinary properties including enhanced hardness, strength, ductility, and toughness when compared with coatings with micron grained newlinemicrostructure. Nanostructured zirconia is also expected to serve as advanced TBC in newlineengine applications, although information on its feasibility and the technology is mostly classified. -
Effect of crude oil price changes on macro economy and capital market of India
Oil symbolizes an important role in the global economy. Crude oil or petroleum is an indispensable and a contributing factor for any economy. Several international crude oil price benchmarks (Brent, WTI, OPEC and so on) have always been tested through empirical studies to established certain cause-effect newlinerelationship and to determine their predictability. However, literature evidence is limited to Indian basket. Moreover, the need for forecasting this benchmark has newlinenot been acknowledged by the scholars. International crude oil price of Indian newlinebasket, also termed as Indian basket crude oil price, is the base of any petroleum newlineproduct pricing in India. Importing crude oil enhance the trade deficit of the nation. The present scenario of the global petroleum industry and the relationship among the major oil-producing and exporting countries are vulnerable. This situation increases the supply-side risk for the major oil-importing countries like India. In this state of affairs, it is vital to find out the factors that influence this price benchmark to reduce uncertainty. This research work aims to provide a holistic picture of the international crude oil price of Indian basket, considering the present scenario of the oil industry and lack of scholarly work on this field. Where on one side, the external factors affecting crude oil price has been determined, on the other hand how Indian economy and capital market is affected newlineby this price change have been found out. Triangulation method under a mixed approach has been adopted for this research work where quantitative and qualitative data collection have been run simultaneously. The time frame of the quantitative data collection is April, 2000 to March, 2018 and the frequency is newlinemonthly. Twenty experts have been interviewed to capture the qualitative aspects associated with the models. Four models have been proposed to execute the objectives. -
Improved Deep Learning Model for Detection and Classification of Pneumonia from X-Ray Images
Pneumonia is a severe respiratory disease that can lead to inflammation, fluid accumulation in lungs and breathing difficulties, which needs immediate and accurate diagnosis. Chest X-Ray images are a necessary tool to diagnose pneumonia because manual interpretation poses challenges, particularly for radiologists with less expertise. Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), has become a significant in the field of pneumonia detection within chest X-Ray images in recent years. This research presents SarNet, a neural network model developed for the identification of pneumonia in chest X-Ray images. The study involved the compilation of dataset containing chest X-Ray images categorized as normal, pneumonia, and COVID-19 pneumonia cases, each accompanied by appropriate annotations. This dataset was employed as the basis for training and assessing SarNet's performance, underscoring its promise in transforming the diagnosis of pneumonia. SarNet proved highly effective, achieving good accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to traditional diagnostic methods. The model's simplicity, with 41 layers, strikes a balance between depth and computational complexity, enhancing efficiency and ensuring accurate pneumonia detection. Furthermore, the study expanded its scope to include COVID-19 pneumonia detection. SarNet achieved an accuracy of 99.15% in binary classification and 94.9% in multiclass classification, including healthy, pneumonia, and COVID-19 pneumonia cases. -
Equality Versus Discretion in Imposing Death Penalty in The Criminal Justice System : A Comparative Analysis Between India, UK and USA
The criminal justice system has two phases, namely, pre-conviction and postconviction, which are based on some theories which have to be exercised by the four major organs of administration of the criminal justice system, namely police (investigation), prosecution, defence and judiciary as well as correctional institutions. For this purpose, every legal system permits this mechanism to exercise equality and discretion at various phases such that justice is served according to the procedure established by law as it is required. The attempts to maintain a balance between the two in the sphere of criminal justice had begun long ago, although not succeeded yet by various countries. In the United States, more equality is emphasised in the postconviction stage. It focuses on offence egalitarianism quotrather than quotoffender egalitarianismquot. In Europe, the position is almost contrary. In India, strict adherence specifically to neither equality nor discretion at any step cannot be traced out. However, when it comes to sentencing cruel and heinous crimes, almost all countries fix a definite punishment where there is a broad scope for judicial discretion, often ending up squeezing the discretion to attain the idealistic concept of equality. This Study aims to discuss and point out the merits and demerits of the said system with suggestions. -
Symbols as Photographic Texts in the Travel Narratives of Paulo Coelho
Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho de Souzas The Pilgrimage, The Alchemist, Zahir, Aleph and Hippie are known for using literary symbols to describe journeys where the protagonists travel to different destinations searching for something valuable. The author resorted to multiple religions, cultures, traditions, mythologies and folklore to derive inspiration to use those symbols and frame his philosophical thoughts. As the symbols used by Coelho can be deciphered in whatever way subject to personal interpretations, one way of understanding them can be from the perspectives of their already established meanings in religions, cultures, traditions, mythologies and folklore. Such a way of understanding limits the possible meanings that can be derived from those symbols. Moreover, another sign system is known for conveying limited meanings, usually called photographs. Though absolute material accuracy is seen as the hallmark of photography, the meaning of photographs also depends upon their interpretations, and photographic truth is considered a myth. Still, photographs possess documentary properties and convey limited meanings to a large extent. This thesis studied the idea of photography, defining the same by understanding the historical developments in photography over time. Knowing the definition and properties of photographs, it looked at how photographs convey limited meanings and exhibit 'iconic' properties in general. After isolating and studying the literary symbols used by Coelho in the five travel narratives mentioned above using the Peircean model of semiotic analysis, the thesis concludes that symbols act as photographic texts to a certain limit in the five novels, as they tend to move towards becoming 'iconic' from 'symbolic' if understood from the perspectives of their existing meanings in religions, cultures, traditions,mythologies and folklore. -
Psychological contract and oragnisational commitment in the aviation sector
Psychological contract and the organisational commitment in the Aviation sector is the topic chosen for the study. The researcher tries to map the effects of four types of psychological contracts viz: transactional, transitional, behavioural and balanced on the three components of organisational commitment namely Affective, Normative and continuance. The study tries to focus whether the type of company and work experience act as moderating variables in this exploration. The study also checks whether employers Psychological Contract has any medaiating effect in the relationship between employees Psychological newlineContract and Organisational Commitment. Researchers in the past have not considered the Airline sector as far as these two variables are concerned and hence the specific reference to this industry. The study throws light on what type of psychological contracts the airline companies need to foster to get the desired organisational commitment keeping in mind the tenure of the employee and the type of industry. The researcher gathered the employees of the airlines and explained the items in the questionnaire to them and later administered the same. The critical impact of the research is that and#8215;Relational contract obligations and and#8215;Balanced contract obligations are the most important predictors of the employees organisational commitment in the Indian aviation industry. Therefore, airline companies need to adapt measures to foster these contracts inorder to boost the desired commitment. -
Design and development of load balancing algorithm for enhance cloud computing performance
Software Applications have taken a leadership position in the field of Information Technology to reduce the human workload. In the case of distributed applications, the scalability of the application is a matter of newlineconcern in the present dynamic scenario. The fast developments in computing resources have reduced the cost of hardware and increased the processing capability of the system remarkably. Still, hosting a distributed newlineapplication in a higher end system is not recommended due to many reasons. Firstly, when there is a massive demand in the usage of the application which is beyond the limit of the system, there is no way to scale newlineit. The second reason is that when the system usage of the application is minimal, the entire infrastructure dedicated to the targeted application will remain idle. newlineDue to the wide acceptability of the industry on cloud computing, the variety of applications are designed to target the cloud platform which is one of the challenges for efficient load balancing in the cloud newlineenvironment. A fair distribution of workload among the available resources is mandatory to improve the efficiency of the cloud platform. To share the workload, a useful load balancing strategy, as well as a timely invocation of the plan, is essential. Invocation of the approach known as triggering policy can be different in centralised and distributed scenarios. Since cloud applications are running in a distributed situation, through this research newlinework, the researcher puts forward a complete framework for balancing load in different types of the request generated in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platform. newlineAs a progressive model, this research work continuously focuses on improving the performance of the load balancer in the IaaS platform. Since the cloud data centres are spread across the globe, a centralised monitoring system to monitor and analyse the resource utilisation in different data newlinecentres is an essential requirement to see the load fluctuations in different clusters. -
Environmental Sustainability in Tourism : Developing Green Service Transportation Intiatives in Karnataka
Environmental sustainability in transportation aims to decrease carbon emissions and preserve resources, while ensuring that the rise of tourism is in harmony with ecological preservation. Adopting sustainable mobility in ecotourism destinations entails utilizing renewable energy sources and enhancing green transport systems, thereby benefiting both environmental preservation and visitor contentment. This study investigates the dynamics of green transportation practices within the context of ecotourism destinations, focusing on Karnataka, India. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys with newlinequalitative interviews of tourism logistics service providers. Through exploratory factor analysis, the study identifies key factors influencing green initiatives, drivers, and challenges faced by tourism logistics service providers. Hypothesis testing and path analysis affirm the relationships among internal initiatives, external drivers, challenges, and environmental sustainability newlineperception. The qualitative analysis extracts insights from tourism logistics service providers, tourism stakeholders revealing diverse perspectives on progress, green initiatives, challenges, and government support. The study concludes with a roadmap for sustainable tourism development, emphasizing policy formulation, feasibility assessment, stakeholder collaboration, newlineand tourist education. The implications and recommendations underscore the need for ongoing government intervention, infrastructure development, and community engagement to foster a holistic and sustainable approach to green transportation in ecotourism destinations. -
Preparation characterization and applications of mixed oxides ceria-samaria supported on rice husk ash as catalysts for organic synthesis
Catalysis is a well-established scientific discipline, dealing with fundamental principles involved in the preparation, properties, applications and mechanisms of catalytic reactions of various catalysts. The preparation of silica from agricultural waste rice husk is an economical and environmentally benign process. Mixed oxides of ceria and samaria are a multifunctional catalytic system that has attracted wide-range of research in different fields. These mixed oxide catalysts are generally used for redox reactions and acid-base reactions in organic synthesis. The catalytic activity of these materials can be enhanced by using silica as a support system. To achieve the best structural and morphological features, different synthetic protocols were tried out while incorporating CeO2 and Sm2O3 on SiO2 to maximize the catalytic efficacy. In the present study, bimetallic oxides of ceria and samaria supported on silica catalysts were prepared by ultra sonicator, rota vapour method, wet impregnation and incipient wet impregnation methods. Further modification of ceria-samaria-silica catalysts using MoO3, La2O3 and mixed forms of MoO3 and La2O3 led to the formation of tri or tetra metallic mixed oxides on silica system. A detailed physico chemical characterization of the prepared catalysts using different spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic methods was carried out to understand the nature, stability and the functional groups present in the system. The heterogeneous catalytic route for organic synthesis is of major interest as it is sustainable and eco-friendlier. Utilizing biowaste like rice husk and its modified forms to synthesize useful and industrially significant organic compounds has been attempted with success in the present work. Thus, the prepared catalysts were subsequently evaluated for their catalytic activity towards oxidation, esterification, transesterification and Friedel Crafts' benzylation reactions. To achieve maximum yield and good selectivity, the different reaction parameters were optimized for all the reactions that were studied. Oxidation of cyclohexanone with benzyl alcohol to caprolactone and benzaldehyde has been studied after optimizing the reaction parameters. Recycle and leaching studies were conducted to understand the stability and reusability of the catalytic system for the above-mentioned reactions. These catalysts were also found effective in the synthesis of caprolactone, which is an intermediate in the synthesis of biodegrading polymers. Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde too has been achieved using these catalysts. Surface area and acidity have played major roles in these reactions. Finally, dibenzyl toluene was synthesized by benzylation of toluene using benzyl chloride. In all the studies, plausible mechanisms involving the catalyst have also been suggested. Thus, a comprehensive study of rice husk silica-supported ceria and samaria systems and the multi metal oxide silica systems has been conducted and it has proved to be an efficient, recoverable, stable and eco-friendly catalyst combined with simple workup for industrially important organic syntheses. -
Actualizing The Inner Self : Impact of An Online Signature Strengths Intervention On Well-Being
The PERMA Theory of Well-being states that exercising signature strengths one s most newlineprominent character strengths enhances five distinct dimensions of well-being, namely, newlinepositive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. The present study tests this theory by examining the impact of an online signature strengths intervention on each of the aforementioned dimensions of well-being and overall well-being using an explanatory sequential mixed method experimental research design. The quantitative phase of the study implemented a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the intervention with a wait-list control newlinegroup. A total of 82 participants recorded their levels of well-being and its dimensions at pretest and post-test using a standardized tool. Out of the 82 participants, 42 participants were in the experimental group and 40 participants in the wait-list control group. A one-month followup measure of well-being was also taken among participants in the experimental group to determine the long-term effectiveness of the intervention. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted in the qualitative phase of the study among participants in the experimental group to explore the subjective experiences and mental processes underlying the identification and utilization of signature strengths. Results demonstrated medium to large increases in all the dimensions of well-being except for the dimension of engagement which did not show a newlinesignificant increase at either time points. Qualitative findings validated the quantitative findings and revealed important mental and emotional mechanisms underlying the experience of utilizing signature strengths, thereby providing a deeper insight into the nature and working of the intervention. Findings of the study carry far-reaching implications for organizations as well as educational and healthcare institutions to empower individuals to function optimally by utilizing their inner potential and experience the peak of well-being in all domains of life. -
A comparison of distressed and non distressed married couples on marital quality emotional intelligence and conflict resolution styles
Aim: To compare and study the marital quality, emotional intelligence newlineand conflict resolution styles of distressed and non-distressed married couples; and to examine the interrelationships between these variables. Method: The study utilized a cross sectional, between group, mixed method research design. The sample consisted of 43 heterosexual married couples (N=86) in non-clinical settings, in the age range of 20-60 years, living in Bangalore, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were newlinerecruited through purposive/ snowball sampling. The participants were administered a demographic data sheet, the Marital Quality Scale (Shah, 1995), the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte, Malouff, Hall, newlineHaggerty, Cooper, and Golden, 1998), the Conflict Resolution Scale (Kurdek, 1994) and a Semi-structured Interview Schedule for qualitative data (prepared by the researcher). Quantitative and Qualitative analysis was carried out. The MQS cutoff score of 80 was used to divide the sample into distressed and nondistressed couples. newlineResults: The two groups significantly differed on the conflict resolution styles. A significant relationship was found between marital quality and conflict resolution styles of distressed as well as non distressed group. There was a significant positive relationship between withdrawal as a newlineconflict resolution style and marital quality among distressed wives. Correlations between marital quality and conflict resolution styles among non-distressed couples showed that withdrawal had a significant positive newlinerelationship with the marital quality of the husband. From the correlation between the emotional intelligence and conflict resolution styles of distressed couples, compliance had a significant positive relationship with the wife s emotional intelligence. Among non-distressed wives conflict engagement was negatively correlated and positive problem solving was positively correlated with their emotional intelligence. -
Development of personalized diet and exercise recommender system based on clinical data
The present health scenario indicates that thyroid diseases are a common challenge experienced by most individuals. According to the statistics in India, one out of eight women suffer from thyroid-related conditions. Hyperthyroid, hypothyroid, or thyroid cancer are categories of thyroid disorder. It is imperative to maintain optimum levels of secretion of the thyroid hormones as the imbalance could lead to thyroid diseases. Therefore, thyroid patients must be vigilant regarding their iodine intake and follow a customized daily diet and exercise plan. The diet plan, along with balanced iodine levels, must also be able to meet the patient's nutritional needs. A personalized diet plan could help thyroid patients to be more aware and focused on their body metabolism. Existing recommender systems usually provide generic diet recommendations, and unfortunately, it may not be beneficial to patients suffering from a specific disease. Content-based Neighborhood-Conditional RBM (CB-NCRBM) model has posited to recommend Top-3 diet and exercise plans for thyroid patients. The proposed model considers the joint probability distribution of different scores using the user profile. Similarly, preference and health scores are estimated based on content features. The model feeds these scores as visible units to conditional RBM. The proposed model also integrates several content-based features such as users' physiological profiles, thyroid disease information, food, and exercise preferences. The proposed recommender model validates the experimental results using recommendation error and classification accuracy metrics. The proposed hybrid model outperforms several popularly used recommendation models, such as collaborative filtering, content-based, and pure RBM models. The system also provides a feedback loop to enhance the quality of the recommended diet and exercise plans based on user experience. -
Managing Sustainability in Perishable Food Supply Chains : A Case of Mango From Farm-to-Table
This research explores the significant role of India in the global food production sector, with a specific focus on perishable goods. It examines how this sector contributes to rural income and overall economic growth, while also addressing issues like post-harvest losses and inefficiencies in the perishable sector. The study highlights the necessity of a sustainable and efficient perishable sector for the progression of the Indian economy. By utilizing insights from resource-based view theory, stakeholders theory and systems theory, the research delves into the challenges and opportunities present in India's perishable food supply chain, emphasizing the crucial role of farmers in ensuring quality and effectiveness in India. Additionally, the study explores the broader context of Indian agriculture, with a specific focus on the perishable and horticulture sectors, their economic importance, and challenges such as post-harvest losses and the impacts of climate change. The research advocates for a strategic collaborative approach involving governments, businesses and communities to secure the sustainability and resilience of the perishable food supply chain in light of current and future challenges. The existing literature on the perishable food supply chain is evaluated to find the research gaps. This evaluation is conducted through a bibliometric analysis, shedding light on areas that have been neglected or inadequately explored in prior research. The identified gaps serve as the foundation for the research objectives of the study, aiming to fill these voids with fresh insights and discoveries. To establish the groundwork for the investigation, this research also initiates an in-depth discourse on each hypothesis, ensuring that the research design presented is both transparent and logical. The ultimate objective is to enhance comprehension of the perishable foodsupply chain, paving the way for future studies to build upon this foundational work. Then the research seeks to elucidate the research methods utilized to meticulously validate the researchmodel, employing stringent techniques and measures to guarantee the integrity and dependability of the findings. This framework aims to encapsulate the entire research process succinctly, from its fundamental objectives to the eventual implications of its findings, guiding readers through the investigative journey undertaken in the study. To achieve these objectives, a research model is presented that examines the interrelationships between quality, efficiency, sustainability and technological capabilities within the perishable food supply chain. The research methodology employed in this study combines both quantitative and qualitative techniques. It encompasses a detailed description of the sampling procedure and data collection methods, including the utilization of probability sampling techniques and surveys. Furthermore, the statistical tools and techniques employed in the study is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study formulates a comprehensive model that takes into account quality, efficiency and sustainability within the perishable food supply chain, with a specific focus on the moderating impact of technological capabilities. It identifiespositive connections between quality and sustainability, efficiency and sustainability, as well as the combined influence of quality and efficiency on sustainability. Technological capabilities are revealed to bolster these connections, underscoring the significance of circularity in the supply chain to minimize waste and align with sustainability objectives. The research concludes by providing insights on the challenges and prospective pathways towards more sustainable, efficient, and quality-driven practices in the perishable sector, particularly in light of technological advancements and the global trend towards circularity. -
Indicators of corporate financial distress : evidence from India
The study aims to identify the indicators of corporate financial distress in the Indian industrial sector. The study begins by analysing the corporate bankruptcy filings and the outcomes of filings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016. From the analysis of bankruptcy filings, a newlinelist of 82 publicly listed companies of industrial nature experiencing financial distress that have filed for bankruptcy under IBC is identified. Each of the 82 companies are paired with an equal number of matching newlinefinancially sound companies to form a sample of 164 companies. Further, 12 variables from the annual reports of the sample companies are analysed for a period of five years immediately preceding the bankruptcy filing by the distressed companies. Simple regression analysis is employed for determining the primary indicator of corporate financial distress and logistic regression analysis is used to identify the supplementary indicator of corporate financial distress in the Indian industrial sector. The primary and the supplementary indicators are presented in the form of a two-stage process to form the Corporate Distress Prediction (CDP) scorecard. The newlinerecommended CDP scorecard predicts financial distress in the Indian industrial sector at an accuracy ranging between 90 percent to 100 percent during the five years of study. The major implication of the study is that it newlinecan guide the corporate stakeholders in knowing the financial health of a newlinecompany. -
Designing A New Encryption - Then - Compression System for Grayscale Images Utilizing Entropy Encryption
In the digital era, images and video sequences have dramatically increased newlinebecause of the rapid growth of the Internet and the widespread utilization of multimedia systems. The advancement in technology facilitates a faster way of transmitting data; however, the channel used for communication is an untrusted medium. The proposed research focus on the secure newlinetransmission of grayscale images over a social networking site (SNS) provider called the untrusted channel. Rigorous research has been conducted on the secure transmission of images and proposed different models, namely Compression-then-Encryption (CtE) Systems and newlineEncryption-then-Compression (EtC) Systems. In EtC, the encrypted information is transmitted over the channel. However, the channel is newlinecompressing the information to reduce the overall traffic. Due to the compression performed by the channel, the decryption process may fail on the receiver side. Constructing an efficient EtC model, as good as the standard compression algorithms, will address the gap in research. Four objectives were formulated, and schemes were proposed for each objective to address the problem. Two schemes were developed to address the first objective, eliminating noise incurred during transmission through the channel. The first scheme eliminates the noise using a two-pass hybrid mean and median filter. In the second scheme, a supervised curve fitting a linear regression model with a mean filter is applied. To secure the transmission of images over the untrusted channel, the objectives two and three address the scrambling and encryption of images. A hybrid of improved Arnold transforms and ElGamal encryption is experimented with in the first scheme to address scrambling and encryption. In this initially, a Block-wise scrambling is applied to the image, followed by pixels-wise newlinescrambling within the block followed by Arnolds transform. The outcome is given to ElGamal encryption. -
Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dyes Using Quassia india (Gaertn.) Noot. Mediated Nanoparticles
Prognostic research points at the necessity and relevance of revamping polluted newlineenvironments. The toxic effect of textile dyes released into waterbodies can be reduced newlineby the degradation process and alternate methods in nanotechnology are used to lessen newlinethe gravity of the situation. Compared with chemical and physical nanoparticle synthesis, plant extract-based nanoparticle synthesis is an environmentally friendly alternative method. UV-visible spectrum analysis validated the production of nanoparticles (NPs), revealing unique peaks at 430 nm for Quassia indica (QI)- mediated Silver nanoparticles (QI-Ag NPs), 368 nm for QI-mediated Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (QI-Co3O4 NPs), 348 nm for QI-mediated Zinc oxide nanoparticles (QIZnO NPs, 350 nm and 408 nm for QI-mediated Silver/Zinc oxide nanoparticles (QIAg/ZnO NPs), 415 nm and 675 nm for QI-mediated Cobalt oxide/Zinc oxide newlinenanoparticles (QI-Co3O4/ZnO NPs). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) newlineinvestigation identified phytochemicals involved in nanoparticle synthesis. The X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) examination unveiled the crystalline structures of QI-mediated NPs. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) study revealed information on the hydrodynamic newlinediameter and colloidal stability of the NPs, which showed average particle size. Field newlineEmission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray newlineSpectroscopy (EDX) were used to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of NPs. The morphological shapes of QI-Ag NPs were spherical, QI-ZnO NPs showed hexagonal, QI-Co3O4 NPs displayed octahedral, QI-Ag/ZnO NPs exhibited spherical structure, and QI-Co3O4/ZnO NPs unveiled a mixture of octahedral and hexagonal shaped NPs. The High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) validated the NPs size and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) newlineconfirmed the crystalline characteristics.