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Purchase intention of deconstructed end-of-lifecycle fashion products in an online and offline retail environment
Obsolete or slow-moving inventory is one of the major influencers for the bottom line of any business today. Surplus stock- be it from overbuys, returns, defects or simply merchandise hitting the end of their lifecycle- need to be accounted, accommodated and dealt with in a manner that can least affect the planned margins. For the fashion newlinebusiness, such merchandise poses greater challenges. The business is ground by seasonal preferences, fast-changing trends, short lead-times and shorter shelf-lives. With rising costs of traditional retail businesses, the associated costs of carrying such inventory are something that the newlineretailer can easily do without. At the retailers end, such merchandise is newlineoften subjected to traditional liquidation methods such as Markdowns, carry forwards, or selling at lowered prices to discount stores or factory outlets. From a manufacturer s perspective, overruns from production newlineare either sold at discounted costs to the retailer or are diverted to other sources of sales. In either case, such decisions do affect the margins of the business, and retailers often account for these necessary evils while planning their pricing strategy. Liquidation methods for such obsolete merchandise also need to meet the additional challenge of maintaining the perceived value of the products, and to not adversely newlineaffect planned margins due to lowered price points. This study seeks to explore fashion consumers acceptance of Deconstructed or up-cycled fashion for such obsolete or EOLC (End-of-lifecycle) merchandise that newlineremain unsold. It also maps the Perceived value of such merchandise and explores the other factors that may affect the Purchase Intention of the merchandise, like the Internal reference price, Perceived monetary newlinesacrifice and Perceived quality. Through an experimental study, a comparative analysis is built across consumers in an E-commerce vs newlineOffline store purchase scenario, to derive if the method of presentation of such products affects the Purchase intention. -
Study of Rayleigh-Benard Dynamical System Involving Newtonian and Nanofluids in Rectangular and Cylindrical Enclosures
Analyzing and#64258;uid and#64258;ow behavior in the presence of temperature gradients subjected to internal and external forces in diand#64256;erent geometries is essential for optimization newlineprocesses for various engineering applications, guiding the design of more efcient thermal systems. This thesis focuses on investigating the Rayleigh-Bard convection problems occupying rectangular and cylindrical enclosures. The linear and newlineweakly nonlinear analyses are carried out that reveal the results on regular convection, heat transport and chaotic motion for each of the problems. Steady and newlineunsteady states of the Rayleigh-Bard system are studied using the Lorenz model. The dynamical system is investigated to look for possible chaotic motion. Fluid systems can exhibit chaotic behavior, and understanding the chaotic nature of these and#64258;ows is essential for accurate predictions of their evolution over time. In view of this, the regular, chaotic, and periodic natures of the dynamical system is thoroughly analyzed. Further, the inand#64258;uence of various parameters on the indicators of chaos is explored. Additionally, the thermal performance of the system is looked into by introducing nanoparticles/nanotubes into the base and#64258;uid. newlineWith the aformentioned motivation, we now present the abstract of each of the problems considered in this thesis one-by-one. 1. Impact of boundary conditions on Rayleigh-Bard convection: stability, heat transfer and chaos In the frst problem of the thesis, discussed in Chapter 3, a comparison is made newlinebetween the results of Rayleigh-Bard convection problem for diand#64256;erent boundary combinations, namely, rigid-rigid-isothermal, rigid-free-isothermal and free-free isothermal boundaries for a Newtonian and#64258;uid. The linear and weakly-nonlinear analyses reveal that the onset of regular and chaotic motions in the case of rigid-freeisothermal boundaries happens later than that of free-free isothermal boundaries but earlier than rigid-rigid-isothermal boundaries.+ -
Growth and characterization of certain III-VI compound semiconducting crystals
The rapid advances in solid-state physics over the last few decades have uncovered many effects in crystals,which have formed the basis of large industries. the availability of crystals from the natural resources is inadequate to meet the need of these industries and also does not give sufficient variety. This led to a great deal of research work on the method of production of crystals artificially. -
MEDIATING EFFECT OF PERCEPTION OF POLITICS BETWEEN DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND TURNOVER INTENTION OF EMPLOYEES IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS
During the past few decades, organizational researchers have increasingly focused their attention on the subjective work issues and their impact on various work related outcomes. One of the most prominently studied factor perception of organizational politics has received much recent conceptual and empirical attention. Political work environment are responsible for a variety of harmful work consequences like higher stress, lower job satisfaction and commitment, diminished worker productivity and higher rate of turnover (Ferris et.al 1989, 2002; Kacmar and Baron, 1999) Some researchers focused on the distributive justice aspect as predictors of important outcomes here they pursued studies from the opposite perspective while they examined Perception of politics (Ferris and Kacmar, 1992; Kacmar , Ferris, 1991). Thus research has demonstrated the independent influences of politics, distributive justice, on turnover intention, job satisfaction etc (Cropanzano et.al 1992; Mcfarlin and Sweeney, 1992). Very few studies attempted in finding out how these elements of fairness influence each other in predicting outcomes. In the current study, the mediating effect of perception of politics between distributive justice and turnover intentions has been examined. This study extends the previous research efforts and fills a gap in the reviewed literature by simultaneously investigating the mediation effect of perception of politics between distributive justice and turnover intention of employees in Information technology organizations. 343 employees from the top 10 IT organization as listed by NAASCOM were involved in the present study. The purposive sampling technique was adopted. Employees with minimum 2 years of experience in the organization was chosen as respondents. The major objectives of the study are, to measure employees perception of politics and employees perception of distributive justice; to study the turnover intention of IT employees; to find if perception of politics mediates the relationship between distributive justice and turnover intentions; to find out the significant effect of distributive justice on the dimensions of perception of politics and finally to find out the difference in perception of politics and distributive justice across demographics. Hypothesis was framed in accordance to the objectives stated. The tools of measurement adopted were (i) Perception of organisational politics were measured with the fifteen item Perception of politics scale (POPS), developed by Kacmar and Carlson (1997).( ii) Five item Perceptions of distributive justice were measured with the Distributive Justice Index, developed by Price and Mueller (1986). (iii) Turnover intention was measured using a categorical item developed by Dilys Robinson, Sarah Perryman, and Sue Hayday, (2004). The Crobachs alpha for perception of politics dimensions and distributive justice were above 0.90. The level of perception of politics and distributive justice was found to be moderate. In terms of the logistic regression analysis performed, it was found that there was partial mediation of perception of politics between distributive justice and turnover intention. The result indicated that, even though the employees perceived their work environment to be political, they will have the intention to stay back, as long as the fairness in distribution of rewards exists. Perception of politics which always carried a negative label showed partial mediation in the relationship between distributive justice and turnover intentions, where it explained only 13.9% of the intention to leave factor. This means, even when the environment is political, employees will stay back in the organization when they experience fairness in distribution of rewards. Keywords: Information technology, Organizational behaviour, Human resource management, Perception of politics, Mediation, Distributive justice, Turnover intention. -
Investigating structure and spectral energy distribution of galaxies using UVIT and multi-wavelength archival data
Observational astronomy and studies of galaxy formation and evolution made dramatic advances in the past few years. This thesis deals with the multi-wavelength investigation of the different aspects of galaxy formation and evolution. The work focuses on the star formation properties of late-type spiral galaxy NGC 2336, and the properties of unresolved galaxies and of resolved early-type galaxies using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting method. The first part of this thesis deals with the studies on the characteristics of in orbit performance of the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on-board AstroSat . AstroSat is the first Indian multi-wavelength mission and was launched on 28 September 2015 into a low Earth orbit. The UVIT instrument on AstroSat provides a unique opportunity to study the ultraviolet (UV) sky simultaneously in three channels, covering the wavelength range 1300–1800 Å (FUV), 1800–3000 Å (NUV) and 3200–5300 Å (VIS). Characterizing the in-flight properties of the instrument is a prerequisite to obtain scientifically accurate and self consistent results from the scientific programs running on it. -
Admissibility of DNA Profiling Evidence in Criminal Trials in In India : A Comparative Study with Specific Reference to Legal Systems of United States of America and England
The use of Forensic technique of DNA profiling now constitutes a standard element of the system of Law Enforcement, and the findings of DNA testing are often acceptable in the proceedings of Legal cases. Despite newlinethe fact that they first relied on Expert Testimony based on DNA Evidence, the Courts in India have come to acknowledge DNA Evidence as both a fact that is significant to the case as well as proof that is conclusive. On the other hand, the scope of guilt that is capable of being concluded from a seeming match between samples is a topic of on-going debate. In most cases, it will newlinemerely be capable to locate the position of a suspect in relation to the site of the Crime. The uncritical acceptance of this Forensic Evidence as the objective answer to the challenge of determining the identity of a criminal raises the potential for scientific appropriation of the Criminal Justice system. newlineIn the vast majority of contested Legal proceedings involving Criminal offenses, the issue at hand is not one of identification but rather one of Intent or Mens-Rea, and DNA Evidence is irrelevant in this regard. Additionally, it is imperative to create a Regulatory framework which controls how the newlineForensic technique of DNA Profiling is used and applied with the objective to ensure its methodical and organized implementation. In light of this, it is very important to make rules about DNA Profiling that will only allow it to be used for Legal investigations. In an effort to regulate DNA profiling in the newlinecountry, the DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill 2019 has been proposed. The emphasis of this study, is the particular difficulties experienced by the Indian Judicial system as a consequence of introducing this novel Forensic technique into the Criminal Proceedings, and the research aims to examine the evolution and use of DNA profiling in India. -
Intrusion into the right to freedom of speech and expression: A study on the state of journalism in the backdrop of attacks against journalists /
Journalists have been under life threats due to the nature of work they undertake for quite some time now. As many as 60 journalists were killed in instances of intolerance by specific groups in 2014. 2015 witnessed a different form of crime against journalists, unlike the earlier singular instances of attacks on one or two journalists; the Charlie Hebdo shootout was an organized crime on the whole of a political satire magazine (AFP, "Paris attacks) Charlie Hebdo team struggles to heal after massacre. -
Development of Optical and Electrochemical Sensor for Environmental Pollutants
Carbon nanocomposites have garnered much attention among various nanomaterials newlineowing to their well-defined characteristics, such as large surface area, biocompatibility, newlineand concise synthetic routes. They are also a viable contender for fluorescence and newlineelectrochemical applications, notably sensing, due to their intriguing photoluminescence and electrochemical features. Fluorescence and Electrochemical sensors for environmental pollutants are constructed using carbon quantum dots with different surface functionalization (functionalized with boric acid, organic dyes, polymer composite, and 2-aminothiazole). The developed sensor was considered as potential material for detecting heavy metal ions and organic pollutants. Surface morphology was analyzed using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Raman spectra, X-Ray Photoelectron spectroscopy newline(XPS), Optical Profilometry, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) newlinestudies. UV-Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals the absorption, newlineemission, and excitation spectra for the synthesized sensor with and without the addition of analytes. In electrochemical investigations, Nyquist plots showed that the modified working electrodes had the lowest charge transfer resistance when compared to other working electrodes. The effect of pH, ionic strength, long-term storage ability, and quantum yield were optimized for the fabricated fluorescence sensor. For the newlineelectrochemical sensor, the influence of the scan rate and the appropriate thickness of newlinethe electrodeposited film was carefully examined in order to achieve the highest current responsiveness and potential window. Quantification of the analytes was performed newlineusing Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV), newlineand the square wave voltammetry technique (SWV). The designed sensor was used to newlinecarry out analytical corroboration for the real samples. -
Understanding the role of corporate social responsibility in promoting brands /
Corporate Social Responsibility has been one of the primary importances given by companies. Every corporate/brand ensures proper identification, organized planning and effective implementation of a CSR activity. All these lead to one key goal, which is to create brand awareness or improve the image of a company/brand. The researcher has analysed the Corporate Social Responsibilities of two brands- Aircel and P&G. A qualitative approach has been taken by the researcher under which critical content analysis has been done to analyse the campaigns of the two brands. The two campaigns taken for the study are Aircel- Save our tigers and P&G Shiksha. -
Mother Daughter Relationship: Daughters' Experience
This study explores daughters' experience of their relationship with their mothers, and how this relationship has been perceived and interpreted by them during different periods in their lives, starting from childhood till the time of their motherhood. Further it recognizes the changes in the mother daughter relationship and factors contributing to these changes over a period of time. The study also explores stressful times in the mother daughter relationship, and the impact that the mother has on the daughter. 11 married women with at least one child were interviewed using life history method and data was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Findings indicated changes in daughters' communication with her mother over the life cycle and change in roles for the daughter as evident through role reversal and mutual mothering. Factors contributing to growth and change in the relationship were identified as the daughter experiencing wife and mother roles herself. Daughters' pregnancy, and birth of grand children have been identified as factors which evoked a lot of support from mothers. Further, adolescence was reported as a stressful period in the mother daughter relationship. In addition, the mother's values, and behaviour was found to have a direct or indirect impact on the role attitudes and behaviours of some daughters in the study. The power of the mother's influence lied in her implicit and explicit messages given to the daughter more than her actual role choice. Some mothers and daughters had gender based expectations for each other. -
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Right to Education Sans Development: An Analysis of the Educational Status of Children Living in Slums
India, as a developing country, has been facing many challenges. Of them, providing free and compulsory education to all its children is one such challenge. Despite many efforts by the law makers and executives, education to all the children remains a distant dream. Poverty and accessibility are cited as two important reasons for the short fall. Comparing to their counterparts, the situation of children living in slums is more vulnerable to exploitation. Taking into account this scenario, the present study attempts to understand the various problems faced by the children living in slums in pursuing their education. The researcher is hopeful of getting some valuable insights into the issue to support suitable remedial measures to improve the educational status of children living in slums. Bangalore alone holds around 570 slums and above 5 lakhs of people living in them. The constitution already gives the right for free education, up to 10th standard which can be utilized by them, which in turn can help in free and compulsory education for everyone. If the people are educated they can improve their standard of living and so be able to create an atmosphere altogether better than the slums. The study tries to look upon the role of social and economic situation of children in their education. It also seeks to understand the reasons for the attrition rate and will strive to find out if there is any discrimination the candidate faces while pursuing education. It also focusing the the relevance of the present Right to Education Act, (2010) on the light of data collected. It also tries to find out some solution to improve educational participation of children living in the slums of Bangalore. Education is the gateway to success in life. The importance of education is not realised by all. Education has been thought to bring about a qualitative difference in the life of individuals and groups. Significance is to bring about a social change through information about the provisions of education and the right of every individual to education, it is expected that the demand for education will grow. This consciousness can be brought about through the process of education itself. It is one of the most important responsibilities of the governments and people involved in human affairs to find means and ways to make it available to all on an equitable basis. With an analysis of various articles, books, journals and research findings, the paradigm of the study becomes clear. Review done in the initial stage of the study, equips the researcher in a better way to understand the various concepts, key variables, methods and the history of the topic being studied. Review of literature is a collective body of works done by scholars and published in the form of books or in the form of articles in journals or published as monograph etc. Every research starts with a Review of Literature. These materials are gathered by the researcher from many sources such as journals, books, documents etc. The Researcher feels that it is essential to understand the problems faced by slum dwellers in getting access to education in the selected slums of Bangalore. Researcher also felt it important to compare the slums as they are distinct in terms of their social and economic conditions. For the present study, the researcher has selected two slums in Bangalore urban purposefully which is Bommanahalli and Kannahalli. Each slum is distinct in terms of its character and population. From each slum, 50 households were identified randomly from households with children below the age of 15, either school going or dropouts. The researcher has used the descriptive design for the study. Descriptive research is used to obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomena to describe "what exists" with respect to variables or conditions relating to the educational status of children living in slums. The methods involved range from the survey which describes the status quo, the correlation study which investigates the relationship between variables, to developmental studies which seek to determine changes over time. Researcher has used both primary and secondary data. Primary data which is provided by the researcher is an original one. Researcher has collected these data from the slums selected. For the collection of primary data, the researcher has used Focus Group Discussions, Interview schedule and Interview Guide as tools. From the study researcher has understood that these people are socially and financially backward. Their income is not enough to satiate their daily needs, which makes it further difficult for supporting education. Their backwardness and illiteracy does not give them a proper job. This results in other members of the family including housewives also to work for supporting themselves. Most of the families in order to reduce their expenses have limited themselves to nuclear family structure and also the number of children is a maximum of two. In some families the parents are not taking any initiative in educating their girl child. Most of them consider it is a waste of money. They prefer only the career for their male child. The dropout rates are very high in these two slums. In each year, 20% dropouts are registered. Financial instability or the poverty is the main cause of dropout. Most of the children are going out for work so they are not getting proper time to study. Some of them are facing discrimination from their friends and teachers .High levels of discriminations reported in private schools. Some of them are lacking support from their parents. There is no good school in their locality and the distance of the school is also a main cause for high dropout rate. The parents cannot afford the travelling cost of their children. Less attention by the teachers towards the children is also a reason. People did not know about the RTE Act and its provisions or privileges. Most of them did not get admission on the basis of RTE. Some schools have not properly implemented the RTE Act. The researcher has brought out the following suggestions for the study or the problem. These suggestions are collected from the population selected for the study. The Government should be able to implement the Right to education act. It should be effective in each and every school, rather than being only in papers. Every effort to open more and more schools for the backward section in the society should be taken into prior consideration by the Government in the centre and also within the states. More concentration on educating the slum children should also be initiated and the Government should be able to open schools in the surrounding areas of slum. Right to education act, should not only be an act in papers and something which is kept within protected walls. All efforts for publicity of the Act should be taken in by the government. It should be publicized in such a manner that all the doubts concerning the act be cleared. More and more advertisement or campaign regarding the right to education act and its facilities should be initiated. The privileges of the backward sections be made cleared to them, so that these sections of society are aware of their privileges and are able to use it. All effort should be taken by the Government to provide some more privileges to the backward sections and they should implement that in a proper way. -
Determinants of consumer product return behavior with respect to online shopping of apparels
This research aims at finding the determinants of consumer product return newlinebehavior with respect to online shopping of apparel in Bangalore city. The study was administered to 600 respondents, and the response received was from 465 respondents. The convenience sampling method was used to collect samples across Bangalore city. Product return behavior was measured using a newlinefive-point Likert scale for 34 items. The literature review was conducted extensively, covering both Indian and international context. This research is designed to address the literature gaps. Many hypotheses were proposed in the thesis and were examined using structural equation modeling. The hypotheses were tested with the software newlineAMOS 25 and SPSS 25 to fulfill the research objectives. Confirmatory factor analysis was done on the data to confirm the instrument reliability and validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the constructs developed from the detailed literature review. ANOVA post hoc test was done to check the relationship among the demographic variables. Descriptive statistics were used newlineto interpret the data. With the help of structural equation modeling, the causal newlinerelationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables were identified. The study on the determinants of product return behavior has provided a lot of newlineinsights. Customer attitude has a significant and negative impact on product return behavior. The customers with a positive attitude towards online apparel purchases will be less likely to return products. The previous customer experience and their consumption pattern have a significant and negative impact on product return behavior. The customers with a bad experience with newlinebuying online apparel products, tend to return their products more. The perceived risk of online apparel purchases has a significant and positive impact on product return behavior. The customers with a high perceived risk of online apparel purchases will be more likely to return their products. -
Marriage, parenting and adoption issues for LGBTQ+ community in India and their human rights challenges: A critical analysis /
The central facet of the concept of human rights is the equality of all people. Since everyone deserves respect, treating everyone equally is appropriate. Any act that diminishes that dignity is wrong because it violates the equality principle and makes discrimination more likely. Human rights are a topic that is hotly contested around the globe and is related to homosexuality. Only because of who they love and how they look do people everywhere become targets of violence and discrimination. Additionally, the LGBTQ+ community's civil rights, such as the right to marriage and the right to adopt, are not recognized on an equal footing with those of the heterosexual community. To have a family life with kids i.e. comparable to that of the heterosexual community, the LGBTQ+ community must have equal adoption rights.
The LGBTQ+ community, however, is subject to discrimination under India's adoption laws, which prevents them from fully exercising their legal rights to adoption. The discrimination on the basis adoption laws, which are predicated on the binary knowledge of gender, violate several principles outlined in Articles 14, 15, and 21 of the Indian Constitution. -
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Representation of folk art in Malayalam cinema - A case study /
The purpose of the study is to find out the Portrayal of Folk art in Malayalam films in different aspects and Parameters. Kerala is a Land of Arts. There are many Art oriented films Malayalam Films. In that Folk Art oriented films are among them. The researcher has taken the movies Chayilyam, Kaliyattam and Pulijanmam for the research. -
Academic leader behaviour influence tactics in relation to organizational commitment and work engagement of faculty in higher educational institutions
The importance of academic leader behaviour and influence tactics needs to be overemphasized, as these are the most essential components of practically every newlineeducational institution. A clear understanding of educational institution requires a thorough analysis of academic leader behaviour and influence tactics as main features. Academic leaders regularly acquire and use power. They do so newlinedeliberately and consciously as well as intuitively and unconsciously. Leadership newlineand power do differ in goal compatibility, direction of influence on one s newlinesubordinates and research emphasis. This study attempts to reduce drastically these newlinedifferences and focus on the positives of influence tactics and leadership processes newlineto be exercised by higher authorities for enhancing institutional effectiveness. newlineThe present investigation focused on understanding the leader s behaviour and influence tactics adopted by individuals when they hold power positions, how it hinders the growth of individuals and institutions goals. Faculty Organisational Commitment, Work Engagement and the intention of stay/leave the institution of both academic leaders and faculty members working for higher educational institutions (Engineering, MBA and MCA colleges) were involved in thorough newlineinvestigation. The dependent variables were work engagement and Organisational newlinecommitment. Five tools were adopted to collect data. Leader Behaviour Description Questionnaire (1962) developed by staff members of Fisher College of Business, Ohio State Leadership Studies, Influence Behaviour Questionnaire (2002) developed by Gary Yukl, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire newline(1991) developed by Meyer and Allen, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (2003) developed by Schaufeli et al., and Intention to stay/leave tool developed by Dilyis Robinson. The Cronbach Alpha reliability for Leadership Behaviour Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) was 0.907; Influence Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) was 0.677 for academic leaders. -
Academic leader behaviour, influence tactics in relation to organisational commitment and work engagement of faculty in higher educational institutions
The importance of academic leader behaviour and influence tactics needs to be overemphasized, as these are the most essential components of practically every educational institution. A clear understanding of educational institution requires a thorough analysis of academic leader behaviour and influence tactics as main features. Academic leaders regularly acquire and use power. They do so deliberately and consciously as well as intuitively and unconsciously. Leadership and power do differ in goal compatibility, direction of influence on one’s subordinates and research emphasis. This study attempts to reduce drastically these differences and focus on the positives of influence tactics and leadership processes to be exercised by higher authorities for enhancing institutional effectiveness. -
Spectroscopic Studies and Theoretical Analysis of Some Selected Heterocycles
Seven derivatives of heterocycles benzimidazole, benzoxazole and benzothiazole were studied, five of which were synthesized and characterized. The molecular geometry and newlinespectroscopic data of the compounds in the ground state were calculated using the density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. A comparison between the experimental and calculated data was attempted. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and global reactivity parameters were deduced using theoretical calculations. HOMO-LUMO energy gap for each compound was determined by DFT and cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammograms were recorded in acetonitrile solvent using lithium perchlorate as the supporting electrolyte. For all the compounds experimentally determined HOMO LUMO energy gap in polar solvent was lesser than that from DFT calculated energy gap. Using the HOMO-LUMO energy gap, global reactivity parameters were calculated. The effect of solvents of varying polarity on the absorption and emission spectra of the compounds was studied. Large excitation and emission energy differences were observed for all the selected heterocycles. The excitation and fluorescence spectra of selected heterocycles were recorded in eight solvents of different solvent polarity. It is evident from the excitation spectra that on increase of the solvent polarity, a bathochromic shift takes place for and#960;-and#960;* transition, and this is attributed to the high influence of solvent polarity in the excited state of heterocycle newlinecompared to its ground state. The dipole moments in the ground and the first excited state of heterocycle derivatives were newlinecalculated using Lippert-Mataga and Kawski-Chamma-Viallet methods. Guggenheim-Debye method was adopted to calculate ground state dipole moment. The dipole moments of the compounds were also calculated using Time Dependent-Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT). The dipole moment values of the compounds suggested that the excited state has more charge separation and thus becomes more polar.