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An Efficient Deep Learning Model Using Harris-Hawk Optimizer for Prognostication of Mental Health Disorders
Mental health disorders are primarily life style driven disorders, which are mostly unidentifiable by clinical or direct observations, but act as a silent killer for the impacted individuals. Using machine learning (ML), the prediction of mental ailments has taken significant interest in medical informatics community especially when clinical indicators are not there. But, majority studies now focus on usual machine learning methods used to predict mental disorders with few organized health data, this may give wrong signals. To overcome the drawbacks of the conventional ML prediction models, this work presents Deep Learning (DL) trained prediction model for automated feature extraction to realistically predict mental health disorders from the online textual posts of individuals indi cating suicidal and depressive contents. The proposed model encompasses three phases named pre-processing, feature extraction and optimal prediction phase. The developed model utilizes a novel Sparse Auto-Encoder based Optimal Bi-LSTM (SAE-O-Bi-LSTM) model, which integrates Bi-LSTM and Adaptive Harris-Hawk Optimizer (AHHO) for extracting the most relevant mental illness indicating features from the textual content in the dataset. The dataset utilized for training consist of 232074 unique posts from the "SuicideWatch" and "Depression" subreddits of the Reddit platform during December 2009 to Jan 2021 downloaded from Kaggle. In-depth comparative analysis of the testing results is conducted using accuracy, precisions, F1 score, specificity, and Recall and ROC curve. The results depict considerable improvement for our developed approach with an accuracy of 98.8% and precision of 98.7% respectively, which supports the efficacy of our proposed model. The Author(s) 2024. -
Memorialisation and Identity in Mah India: Revealing French Colonial Legacies
Mah nestled in the Mahdistrict of the Puducherry Union Territory in India, holds profound historical ties to French colonial India. Unlike the broader Indian subcontinent, which witnessed fervent anti-colonial movements against British rule leading to political decolonisation in 1947, Mahexperienced a belated political awakening, reluctantly integrating into the Indian Union in 1954. Despite the withdrawal of the French, the enduring legacy of French colonial ideology and culture continued to shape the ethos of Mah In contemporary times, a significant presence of French nationals in India, particularly in Pondicherry, Karaikal, and Mah has fostered the evolution of a unique linguistic identity known as Indian French. Within Mah landmarks such as St. Teresas Shrine, the Statue of Marianne in Tagore Park at Cherukallayi, remnants of St. George Fort, and sculptures inspired by M. Mukundans novel On the Banks of the Mayyazhi stand as tangible vestiges of the erstwhile French presence. Serving as repositories of bygone French culture, these sites emerge as dynamic arenas of memory production. Notably, Tagore Park in Mah adorned with fictional documentation through sculptures, assumes a pivotal role as a space that harmonizes memory and history, functioning as a reservoir for collective memory concerning French colonial rule. Mah deliberate urban planning reflects a nuanced approach, embodying the concept of a living testament to French colonialism rather than a conventional museum. This architectural strategy underscores the deliberate preservation and commemoration of Mah historical past. Through interviews with French nationals residing in Mah this research explores how these landmarks have become pivotal in the production of memories and the construction of identities for the French community in India and Mah Leveraging Maurice Halbwachs theoretical framework, the study unveils the intricate interplay between collective memory and present-day identity formation, shedding light on the transformation of personal memory into historical memory and its subsequent amalgamation into collective memory. With close to 50 French families residing in and around Mahstill, the study involves interviews with ten families, focusing on landmarks like St. Teresas Shrine, the Statue of Marianne, the ruins of St. George Fort, and sculptures based on one of M. Mukundans novels. So, through interviews of the French citizens of Mah this paper highlights how the cultural artefacts and popular landmarks of Mahbecome sites of memory of the French colonisation. 2024, The International Academic Forum (IAFOR). All rights reserved. -
Optical Resonator-Enhanced Random Lasing using Atomically Thin Aluminium-based Multicomponent Quasicrystals
Photon trapping inside a gain medium using a dispersed two-dimensional (2D) passive scatterer is an impetus to obtain incoherent random lasing (ic-RL) emission due to non-resonant feedback. An optical resonator (OR) can be used to influence such lasing thresholds. Non-noble nanomaterials-based quasicrystals (QCs) are an intriguing research prospect due to their potential surface plasmon resonance (SPR) property and ability to be exfoliated into 2D. In this work, an aluminium-based multicomponent alloy (Al70Co10Fe5Ni10Cu5) has been synthesized via the arc melting method. Thereafter, ultrasonication-based liquid phase exfoliation was used to obtain 2D quasicrystals (2D-QCs). The SPR-induced light scattering properties of synthesized 2D-QCs were exploited to obtain ic-RL from DCM dye gain medium under 532 nm, 10 ns, 10 Hz pulsed laser pumping. The plasmonic field enhancement property of 2D-QCs which enables the gain medium to absorb photons outside its peak absorption band has been demonstrated. The transition from ic-RL to OR-enhanced ic-RL and vice versa in the presence of resonator walls has been achieved by tweaking the device architecture. In this way, the ability of 2D-QCs to be potential passive scatterers and the controllability of lasing thresholds in the presence of an OR has been demonstrated. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
I Dont Play Games: Migrant Workers and Digital Media in Bengaluru
The great impact of media technologies in reordering almost every facet of modern life has been noted by theorists for over a century now, particularly since the idea of the global village imagined by media theorists, and enabled by globalisation and digital technology has become an inescapable reality. The new experience of time and space bears upon various dimensions of life, including the nature of work, the organisation of time and the place of leisure within these rhythms. This article attempts to engage with this very weighty body of scholarship in a modest way, through ethnographic research, to understand how mobile phones and internet technologies structure the experience of everyday life for low-income migrant workers in Bengaluru. The sites include a construction site and a hookah bar, and the study focuses on mobile gaming and the structuring of migrant social networks. 2024 South Asian University. -
Assessment of artificial intelligence-based digital learning systems in higher education amid the pandemic using analytic hierarchy
The devastating effects of the 2020 worldwide COVID-19 virus epidemic prompted widespread lockdowns and restrictions, which will continue to be felt for decades. The repercussions of the pandemic have been most noticeable among educators and their students, which boosts the effectiveness of various AI-based learning systems in the education system. This study examines the AI-based digital learning platforms in higher education institutions based on various characteristics and uses of these systems. Several significant aspects of AI-based digital learning systems were obtained from the available literature, and significant articles were selected to properly examine various characteristics and functions of AI-based digital learning platforms used by multiple higher education institutions. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is employed to rank multiple AI-based learning systems based on key factors and their sub-factors. The studys outcome revealed which AI systems are effectively used in developing digital learning systems by various higher education institutions. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Society for Reliability Engineering, Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM), India and The Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden 2024. -
LP norm regularized deep CNN classifier based on biwolf optimization for mitosis detection in histopathology images
Mitosis detection, a crucial biomedical process, faces challenges like cell morphology variability, poor contrast, overcrowding, and limited annotated dataset availability. This research presents a novel method for mitosis detection in histopathological images highlighting two important contributions using a Bi-wolf optimization-based LP norm regularized deep Convolutional neural network (CNN) model. This hybrid optimization protocol is the key to the precise calibration of model parameters and effective training, which translates into optimal classifier performance. The results reveal that this model achieves high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 96.69%, 91.89%, and 97.74% respectively. Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2024. -
Artificial intelligence service agents: a silver lining in rural India
Purpose: The study aims to examine the impact of an artificial intelligent service agent (AISA) on customer services to the rural population provided by KAYA, Kotak Life's AI-enabled insurance chatbot avatar that offers quality insurance services. Design/methodology/approach: Multi-stage cluster sampling method was adopted to collect the responses from the 707 customers across the rural population of southern states of India. SPSS V.2 and Smart PLS 4 were used to apply simple percentage analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate the hypothesis. The dependent variables are economic performance and market performance based on the independent variables: efficiency, security, availability, enjoyment and contact. Findings: The study revealed that efficiency and security are the highest predictors and the most influencing variables in predicting the economic and market performance of the insurance companies in determining the quality of service when rendered through AISA among the customers. Efficiency, security, availability, contact and enjoyment are the critical dimensions of AISA. It has a more significant impact on quality service (claim processing) to the rural population. It improves the economic and market performance among the insurance companies and the rural population. Originality/value: Customers need convenience when making claims. Even little challenges might lead to stress and unhappiness, depending on the situation. Restrictions on where customers can file claims may not be the most outstanding service insurance firms can offer, given rising travel and commuting costs and widening geographical borders. Customers value proactive communication from service providers about the status of their insurance claims. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Global iPhone Local Labour: Exploring ICT Production, Labour and Cultural Production
A theory of value pertinent to the contemporary iPhone era focuses on formal and informal labour circuits. This study extends this framework by examining a labour dispute in an iPhone factory near Bangalore, delving into its dissemination through media and the broader critical political economy surrounding the recent iPhone production in India. Furthermore, it incorporates a geographical perspective into the circuit framework to illustrate the movement of capital and labour in Bangalore, rekindling discussions on coreperiphery dynamics in the context of capital and labour migration. Further, this research builds upon the typography of worker-generated content by illustrating a specific category of such content within the iPhone labour dispute. Utilising a critical political economy of media approach, this article aims to assess the broader implications of the updated framework and to open new avenues for research within the emerging field of information communication technologies, cultural production and labour. 2024 South Asian University. -
On-off fluorescence detection of exposed phosgene via pyrazine ring formation on a triphenyl amine backbone supplemented with a theoretical approach and practical environmental applications
Using 4-(diphenylamino)benzaldehyde as the fluorophore and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile, a fluorescent probe known as 2-amino-3-(((E)-4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)amino)-maleonitrile (ADM) has been developed for the selective detection of phosgene through a unique cyclization pathway producing a substituted pyrazine derivative attached to a triphenyl amine backbone. This reaction led to a notable reduction in the emission intensity of ADM at 565 nm. This is the first study that reports ADM as a sensory material for the selective detection of phosgene, achieved by forming a new heterocyclic pyrazine structure. With a quick response time of only 80 seconds, the detection limit of the probe ADM towards phosgene has been calculated as 4.23 ?M. Several spectroscopic methods, including UV-vis, emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and computational investigations are used to study the sensing behavior. In practical applications, the sensor ADM can be used for soil analysis, the dipstick method, and the detection of phosgene from chlorinated hydrocarbon sources such as dichloromethane, chloroform and household solvents like paint remover. 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry. -
Indian Social Stock Exchange as a Funding Avenue for Social Enterprises
Purpose: The growth of Indian social enterprises faces a significant obstacle, which is a lack of access to finance. The social stock exchange was recently launched to cater to this problem. This study explored the financial challenges the selected social enterprises faced in India and analyzed the performance of small and medium enterprises platforms. Methodology: Three variables were subjected to descriptive analysis: migration to the principal board, funds generated, and listings by small and medium-sized enterprises. Furthermore, market volatility was evaluated using the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. To explore financial constraints, primary research entailed conducting in-depth interviews utilizing the case study technique with both for-profit and non-profit social companies. Findings: The findings from the study concluded that IPO financing significantly supported Indian SMEs. Additionally, social enterprises face significant financing challenges related to affordability, availability, and regulation. Social stock exchange presents a promising solution to these constraints. Practical Implications: The study has recommended defining social enterprises legally will help in strengthening the operating framework of a social stock exchange. The study emphasized the important role of finance in the viability of social enterprises by highlighting financial challenges. The findings provided useful information for various stakeholders to bridge the funding gap, thereby promoting the potential advantages of the social stock exchange platforms. Originality: The study addressed the research gap with an examination of small and medium enterprise platforms and the influence of the social stock exchange on social enterprise financing in India. Primary data from both for-profit and non-profit social entrepreneurs added a disaggregated dimension. 2024, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Pemetrexed loaded gold nanoparticles as cytotoxic and apoptosis inducers in lung cancer cells through ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction pathway
Supramolecular nanoparticles containing peptides and drugs have recently gained recognition as an effective tumor treatment drug delivery system. A multitarget drug termed pemetrexed is effective against various cancers, including nonsmall cell lung cancer. The work aims to establish the capability of pemetrexed gold nanoparticles (PEM-AuNPs) to induce apoptosis and explore molecular changes. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultravioletvisible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope were used to investigate the synthesized nanoparticles. The MTT assay was utilized to investigate the anticancer properties of PEM-AuNPs at varying concentrations (50, 100, and 200M). PEM-AuNPs demonstrated a decrease in cell viability with 55.87%, 43.04%, and 25.59% for A549 cells and 54.31%, 37.40%, and 25.84% for H1299 cells at the respective concentrations. To assess apoptosis and perform morphological analysis, diverse biochemical staining techniques, including acridine orange-ethidium bromide and 4?,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclear staining assays, were employed. Additionally, 2?,7?-dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining confirmed the induction of reactive oxygen species generation, while JC-1 staining validated the impact on the mitochondrial membrane at the IC50 concentration of PEM-AuNPs. Thus, the study demonstrated that the synthesized PEM-AuNPs exhibited enhanced anticancer activity against both A549 and H1299 cells. 2024 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. -
Subliminal Cueing in Visual Attention: Top-down and Bottom-up Processing
Exogenous subliminal cues have been shown to have both top-down and bottom-up effects. There are many research studies have confirmed that the effect of top-down variables dependent on cue characteristics. In response, other studies have attempted to exhibit purely stimulus-driven attention capture. The superiority of attention capture effects and the level of superiority in top-down cues have not been evidenced previously. The present study attempted to observe differential effects of cues with different levels of task relevancy, in both valid and invalid cues. As an addendum, conditions with valid cues and incorrect feature match allowed for the exploration of same-location costs in subliminal cues. The results indicated attentional capture effects of all valid cues irrespective of the level of task relevance in subliminal conditions. The cues with the highest task relevancy led to the most attention capture. There were no inhibitory effects of invalid cues on attention capture in subliminal cues. The study reiterates the possibility of attentional mechanisms in same-location costs implicating processing outside of memory. Further, facilitation and inhibition of attention capture in subliminal cues may have two independent mechanisms. The inhibitory mechanism may be contingent to conscious awareness of cues. The result of the study shows how attention can be exogenously oriented without conscious awareness and what kinds of cues might be most effective. These findings can be useful in educational and training settings and other settings where sustained attention is crucial. 2024, Iquz Galaxy Publisher. All rights reserved. -
Air Quality Index, Personality Traits and Their Impact on the Residential Satisfaction and Quality of Life: An Exploratory Path Analysis Model
The environment directly influences the behaviour, experiences, and also the well-being of people. It is not only the outside environment but the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) that also affects the well-being of its residents (Arif et al., 2016). The objective of the present study is to study the relationship between Air Quality Index (AQI), Personality traits, Residential Satisfaction, and quality of life among participants living in Bengaluru, Chennai, and Delhi NCR. A total of 685 residents aged 18-65, living in Bengaluru, Chennai, and Delhi NCR for over 2 years, who responded to the call for participation were selected for the study. Data was collected through online Google forms. Correlation and regression analysis were carried out to understand the strength and direction of the relationship between study variables. SPSS AMOS was used to estimate the measurement model and capture mediation paths. The results present an exploratory model which identifies air quality index and personality traits and their contribution towards the perceptions of residential satisfaction. The study also establishes a link between residential satisfaction and quality of life, the new ecological paradigm, and the dominant social paradigm. The present study highlights the necessity to adopt a pro-environmental approach to improve the quality of life. 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved. -
Unveiling the Necropolitics of Oil on Migrant Bodies in Deepak Unnikrishnans Birds
Oil played a significant role in fuelling the sociopolitical and economic development of Middle Eastern nations, attracting mass migration from South Asian nations. The article draws a nexus between the energy dynamics and labour exploitation within these petroleum-rich nations. It undertakes a close reading of the text Birds from Deepak Unnikrishnans novel Temporary People as it depicts the lives of migrant labourers who navigate an exploitative petro-capitalist system. The fictional text employs a narrative strategy juxtaposing elements of magic and realism, opening up a space for multilayered marginalised voices. The article engages with energy theories and interweaves Mbembes theory on necropolitics to grasp oils sovereign influence in delineating the boundaries between life and death in migrant lives. The surplus energy generated through fossil fuel extraction contributes to notions of boundless growth, coupled with technical and economic progress, which conceals the intensive manual labour underpinning these petrocultures. The magical property alluded to oil and the spectral absence of labour in the socio-cultural imagination co-constructs an exploitative and dehumanising labour regime for migrants. The migrant body is kept alive, and their existence is contingent upon the instrumental value of their labouring body, which constructs them as easily disposable and expendable as they are positioned outside the formal boundaries of citizenship. 2024 South Asian University. -
Gas Kinematics and Dynamics of Carina Pillars: A Case Study of G287.76-0.87
We study the kinematics of a pillar, namely G287.76-0.87, using three rotational lines of 12CO(5-4), 12CO(8-7), 12CO(11-10), and a fine structure line of [O i] 63 ?m in southern Carina observed by SOFIA/GREAT. This pillar is irradiated by the associated massive star cluster Trumpler 16, which includes ? Carina. Our analysis shows that the relative velocity of the pillar with respect to this ionization source is small, ?1 km s?1, and the gas motion in the tail is more turbulent than in the head. We also performed analytical calculations to estimate the gas column density in local thermal equilibrium (LTE) conditions, which yields N CO as (?0.2-5) 1017 cm?2. We further constrain the gass physical properties in non-LTE conditions using RADEX. The non-LTE estimations result in n H 2 ? 10 5 cm ? 3 and N CO ? 1016 cm?2. We found that the thermal pressure within the G287.76-0.87 pillar is sufficiently high to make it stable for the surrounding hot gas and radiation feedback if the winds are not active. While they are active, stellar winds from the clustered stars sculpt the surrounding molecular cloud into pillars within the giant bubble around ? Carina. 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. -
Constraints on the Labour Market Trajectory of Youth and Growth of NEET in India
This paper explores the trends, composition, and determinants of the rising Not in Employment, Education and Training (NEET) population in India. Based on the national level employment-unemployment surveys and macro level panel data, and using instrumental variable (IV) Probit and system generalized method of moments (GMM) regression models, it is explored that a set of supply and demand side factors determining the growth of NEET population in India. At the micro level, the individuals level of general education, technical and vocational training, gender, occupation and gender of head of the family, religion, standard of living of the family, earnings of the spouse, and a set of complex socio-cultural factors determine the NEET status of educated and trained youth. On the other hand, the macro level factors, including the growth of mechanization in agriculture, stagnant real wages, sluggish non-farm sector output growth, infrastructural backwardness, and the existing social-cultural setup in which educated youth live together create a negative macro level environment that compels them to remain out of the workforce for a longer period even after completion of their education/training. Based on these results, it is argued that policies aiming at the development of infrastructure along with the promotion of industry and modern service sectors should be given the top priority for checking the upsurge in the NEET population in India. 2023 XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources. -
Experimental investigation of a biomass-derived nanofluid with enhanced thermal conductivity as a green, sustainable heat-transfer medium and qualitative comparison via mathematical modelling
In this study, bio-based carbon nanospheres (CNSs) were synthesized from lignocellulosic-rich groundnut skin (Arachis hypogaea) and tested for their practical application in nanofluids (NFs) for enhanced heat transfer. The CNSs were characterized using various techniques, including FESEM, EDS, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, and FTIR. Thermal conductivity (TC) and viscosity measurements were conducted using transient plane source (TPS) technique with a Hot Disk thermal analyser and discovery hybrid rheometer, respectively. The nanoparticles (NPs) were dispersed in two base fluids: ethylene glycol (EG) and a 60 : 40 mixture of deionized water (DI) and EG. Optimization studies were performed by varying the stirring and measurement times to improve TC values. The results showed that when a power source of 40 mW was applied at a high concentration of nanoparticles (i.e., 0.1 wt%), there was a 91.9% increment in thermal conductivity (TC) compared to the base fluid EG. DI-EG-based nanofluids (NFs) exhibited enhancements of up to 45% compared to the base fluid DI-EG (60 : 40), with a heating power of 80 mW and concentration of 0.1 wt%. These results demonstrated significant TC improvements with NP incorporation. Further experiments were performed by varying the temperature in the range of 30-80 C with readings taken for every 10 C increase, which showed a direct relation with the TC values. At 80 C, EG-based NFs showed increments of 77%, 111.49%, 139.67% and 175% at 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 wt% concentrations of NPs, respectively. It was also found that with the increase in the concentration of NPs, viscosity increased, whereas an increase in the temperature led to a decrease in viscosity. The CNS nanofluid exhibited a Newtonian behaviour with the nanoparticle concentration and temperature, resulting in an approximately 114% enhancement compared to the base fluid when the concentration of CNSs was 0.1 wt% at 30 C but decreased by up to 18% when the temperature was increased to 90 C. Using appropriate mathematical models for assessing thermophysical quantities, it was discovered that the model values and experimental values correspond reasonably well. Our method thus validates our experimental results and deepens the understanding of the mechanisms behind enhancing thermal conductivity in biomass-derived nanofluids. In summary, our work advances sustainable nanomaterial synthesis, providing a new solution for boosting thermal conductivity while maintaining environmental integrity, thereby inspiring further research and innovation in this field. 2024 RSC. -
Idiosyncratic Deals: Understanding Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation I-Deals on Innovative Work Behaviour
I-deals or Idiosyncratic deals are specialised, adaptable work patterns by mutual agreement between employees and their managers to meet demands of a dynamic work place. Innovative work behaviour also known as IWB is referred to as the employee behaviour that intends to create and introduce novel and valuable products, processes, innovations and ways of working within a job-role or work-group of an organization. This research discovers the connection between various types of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational deals such as the work responsibility idiosyncratic deals, flexibility deals and financial ones and innovative behaviour, specially within the purview of the working women. It also provides an overview on the outcome of these deals on innovation at a workplace. Our study adopted descriptive research to assess the association of Idiosyncratic deals with IWB using a quantitative study across 352 female employees of Indian Corporate sector. It was found that there exists a direct and positive association amid intrinsically and extrinsically motivated Idiosyncratic deals and an innovative mind-set, in the context of Indian IT sector. This study establishes the influence of idiosyncratic deals and the motivational factors within them in driving an innovative mind set. Thus, the study helps to recognize the value that I-deals brings in establishing an effective innovative environment for employees playing a vital role in the growth of the organization. 2024, Iquz Galaxy Publisher. All rights reserved. -
Preparation and Electrochemical Investigation of NiO Hollow Sphere from Bio Waste (Sugarcane Bagasse) Extract for Energy Storage Applications
This work describes how to easily make NiO hollow sphere composites using waste sugarcane bagasse for use in supercapacitor applications. NiO hollow spheres (NOHSs) nanomaterialis effectively synthesized through the nano carbon sphere (CS) template. A core-shell structure was created on the carbon spheres surface by NiO nanoparticles that were several nanometers in size. The structural and morphological of the synthesized materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to confirm the presence of the elements in NOHS. The electrochemical behaviour of hierarchical CSs and NOHSs electrode was examined through cyclic voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic charge/discharge (SC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In GCD analysis, NOHSs electrode showed a concentrated specific capacitance (Csp) of 913.79F/g at 5A/g current density. The porous conductive carbon with macro pores that speeds up the transit of electron and electrolyte ions causes noticeably better capacitive behavior. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. -
Enhancing the stability of DSSC by Co-activation of microwave synthesized TiO2 with biomass derived carbon dots
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) that utilize natural dyes have garnered interest due to their low cost, eco-friendly manufacturing process, and competitive photovoltaic performance. However, their efficiency and stability issues have hindered their widespread implementation. To enhance their performance, this paper proposes a novel approach of modifying the photoanode with carbon dots (CDs) to align the band gap for easier carrier collection. The material properties were thoroughly characterized by examining their structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) was synthesized using the microwave-assisted solvothermal method, while nitrogen-doped CDs derived from Citrus medica fruit juice were prepared using a simple hydrothermal treatment. Three sets of Natural Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (NDSSC) devices were created using co-activated photoanode (CD/TiO2) and unmodified photoanode (TiO2) with Platisol T/sp coated ITO serving as the counter electrode. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) and Onion (Allium cepa) peel extracts were utilized as sensitizers and Iodolyte HI-30 as the electrolyte. The most efficient device attained an efficiency of 3.5 % with Voc = 0.81 V and Jsc = 6.57 mA/cm2. This marks the highest efficiency reported using Hibiscus as a sensitizer with the current configuration, accompanied by prolonged device stability. This study showcases the potential of Citrus medica-derived nitrogen-doped CDs in achieving durable device stability. 2024 Elsevier B.V.