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Label free electrochemical detection of stress hormone cortisol using sulphur doped graphitic carbon nitride on carbon fiber paper electrode /
New Journal of Chemistry, Vol.46, Issue 41, pp.19975-19983, ISSN No: 1144-0546 (Print) 1369-9261 (Online).
Sulphur doped graphitic carbon nitride (SGCN) was effectively prepared and comprehensively described. A straightforward synthetic process based on thermal condensation was reported for the synthesis of SGCN using thiourea as a precursor. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry were used to evaluate the electrochemical performance of cortisol. SGCN sheets were used to boost the electro-catalytic activity, exhibiting very exceptional electrochemical behaviour towards cortisol. As a result, we obtained a broad linear response range of 0.1–100 μM, as well as a comparatively low detection limit (15.8 × 10−8 M). Furthermore, the fabricated SGCN/CFP electrode shows excellent selectivity in the presence of a large number of possible interfering species. -
Operational plan on teaching-learning at departmental level /
Journal Of Education & Social Policy, Vol.1, Issue 2, pp.77-79, ISSN No: 2375-0790 (Online) 2375-0782 (Print). -
Introduction to connecting coalitions
A connecting coalition in a graph G(V;E) consists of two disjoint vertex subsets V1 and V2 of V (G), where neither G[V1] nor G[V2] is a connected graph but G[V1 [V2] is a con- nected graph. A connecting coalition partition is a vertex partition ? = fV1; V2; : : : ; Vkg, and the maximum cardinality of all possible ? is called the connecting coalition number, ?(G). Some bounds on the coalition number ?(G) are found, and graphs having ?(G) = 2 are characterized. Further, the existence of connecting coalition partitions in graphs is explored. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Introduction to connecting coalitions
A connecting coalition in a graph G(V;E) consists of two disjoint vertex subsets V1 and V2 of V (G), where neither G[V1] nor G[V2] is a connected graph but G[V1 [V2] is a con- nected graph. A connecting coalition partition is a vertex partition ? = fV1; V2; : : : ; Vkg, and the maximum cardinality of all possible ? is called the connecting coalition number, ?(G). Some bounds on the coalition number ?(G) are found, and graphs having ?(G) = 2 are characterized. Further, the existence of connecting coalition partitions in graphs is explored. 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company. -
Does ESG Integration Enhance Financial Performance in Emerging Economies? A Systematic Review of Brics
A growing wave of environmental and social problems is driving the world's focus on sustainability, and the UN's creation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and ESG-focused investments are giving this movement a strong push. Today, investors consider ethical and moral principles coupled with monetary factors. ESG, which stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance, is a set of factors used to judge how well a company runs. These factors look at how the company protects the environment, treats its workers and society, and manages itself fairly and effectively. The present study is a systematic literature review of ESG and its influence on the firm financial performance of BRICS nations. The majority of the existing literature places focus on ESG in the developed world and this study aims to bridge this divide by focusing on Emerging economiesBRICS. The majority of the studies reveal a positive association between ESG and firm financial performance. The findings reveal the primary financial variables that affect ESG performance in BRICS countries such as firm size, debt ratios, weighted average cost of capital, return on equity (ROE), return on capital (ROC), Returns on Sales (ROS), Return on Assets (ROA), transparency levels, and financial leverage. Various theories such as Long-term gains, Institutional theory, Stakeholder theory, and Legitimacy Theory have laid the foundation for the research in the area. The review highlights the need for uniform ESG frameworks and enhanced disclosures to foster responsible investment practices in emerging economies like BRICS nations, providing valuable insights for companies, investors, and regulatory bodies. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Pricing of liquidity risk in the indian stock market
Empirical literature from developed stock markets identifies liquidity risk to have impacts on the price of a stock. Given this, using one-minute trade and quote data of fifty stocks constituting the NIFTY 50 Index, this study examines the pricing of liquidity risk in the Indian stock market. The study uses thirteen liquidity measures identified from literature that cover the cost, quantity, time and multidimensional aspects of liquidity. The innovations in the liquidity measures are considered as the proxy for liquidity risk. Employing Generalized Methods of Moments estimation, the study proves that Indian investors expect to have a premium for holding securities that are illiquid when the whole market is illiquid. It proves liquidity risk as a priced factor and thus validates the liquidity-adjusted capital asset pricing model in the Indian stock market. It cautions the investors that the liquidity shocks can have significant inferences on portfolio diversification strategies to be adopted. 2020 GEA College – Faculty of Entrepreneurship. All rights reserved. -
Size effect in market-wide liquidity commonality: Evidence from the indian stock market
Liquidity commonality and the co-movements in trading costs related to such commonality have remarkable implications in market microstructure. Analyzing and identifying such commonality will enable the investor and policy maker to discover evidence regarding the inventory risks and asymmetric information influencing individual securities' liquidity. Thus, this study aims at documenting the liquidity commonality and measuring its extent in the Indian stock market. Employing fourteen liquidity measures attributed to the cost, quantity, time, and multidimensional aspects of liquidity, it empirically proves the existence of co-movements among market-wide liquidity and the individual securities' liquidity. The study also shows the presence of a size effect in liquidity commonality in Indian stock market. It is found that the slope coefficient indicating the interface between market-wide liquidity and individual securities' liquidity generally increases with size. Copyright 2019 Namitha K. Cheriyan, Daniel Lazar. -
"Community Resilience to Climate Change: Integrating Sociological Perspectives"
This review article aims to present the possible ways in which communities can be resilient to climate change as seen from sociological viewpoints. Thus, it provides a systematic review of the current literature to underscore the centrality of social capital, community networks, and cultural practices in strengthening adaptive capacities in various contexts. Bangladesh coastal people and New York City are two cases in which social capital enhances the process of preparedness, response, and recovery during disasters. Cultural knowledge and traditional coping mechanisms also enhance community resilience by learning to live with the environment and innovate in the face of climate change. Implications for policy focus on the need to incorporate sociological findings into climate change adaptation, calling for the promotion of community-based adaptation and governance structures. Issues related to the scalability of resilience interventions and socio-economic inequalities are presented and future directions for research to enhance the methodological approaches and support vulnerable populations are proposed. Thus, this review aligns with the goals of community empowering and adaptive governance to highlight sociological perspectives in creating resilience to climate change impacts. 2025 Betasciencepress Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Unbalanced Dataset Preprocessing Using Hybrid Combination Algorithm for Arrhythmia Detection
Nowadays timely vaticination of cardiovascular conditions with the aid of a computer-backed opinion system minimizes the mortality. Cardiac arrhythmia discovery is one of the most grueling tasks because the variations of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal are veritably slight, which can not be recognized by mortal eyes. The data set under disquisition in this work is taken from the well-known Arrhythmia Dataset, which is codified into different classes. The correct identification of the health condition can lead to an easier, more effective, and less precious reclamation. This proffered study incorporates times of exploration on arrhythmia discovery exercising coincidental technologies. This project addresses the challenge of class imbalance in the analysis of arrhythmia data, utilizing hybrid combination of thr?? approaches like Tomek Links, RUSBoost Classifier, and ADASYN. Here, used the hybrid combination of these three methods.The study commences with data preprocessing, including the loading and preparation of the dataset. Feature extraction and label separation are performed to enable further analysis. Subsequently, resolve th? dataset into groups of testing and training to facilitate robust model valuation. Additionally, this article provides a thorough analysis of new preprocessing model approaches for diagnosing heart disease. By comparing the performance of th?s? methods, this research contributes to th? development of robust and accurate arrhythmia classification models, with potential applications in clinical diagnostics and healthcare decision support systems. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
New discrete trigonometric distributions: estimation with application to count data
In this research, we contribute to the development of original discrete distributions for count data analysis. We elaborate four new and different discrete trigonometric distributions with two parameters based on a discretization of the so-called sin-Weibull, cos-Weibull, tan-Weibull, and type II tan-Weibull distributions. We investigate the advantages of the proposed distributions and their trigonometric nature for capturing count data. In particular, some fundamental distributional properties of the discrete sin-Weibull distribution are derived. Subsequently, we turn it into a statistical model. Parameter estimation by the maximum likelihood and proportion of zeros and ones methods are then discussed. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate some frequentist properties of the developed methodology. As the study focuses mainly on the practical aspect, the applicability of the proposed models is evaluated using real-count datasets from various fields. 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Theory and Applicability of the Weighted Modified Lindley Distribution
As a bridge between the exponential and Lindley distributions, the modified Lind-ley distribution was created. It has been used successfully in a variety of fields related to survival analysis. In this study, we present a novel distribution that extends the modified Lindley distribution using the traditional weighted (or length/size-biased) approach. It is named as weighted modified Lindley distribution. This idea is mainly used to flexibilize the former modified Lindley distribution through the use of a one-parameter polynomial weight. This weight is intended to modulate the functionalities of the new distribution, well beyond those of the former modified Lindley distribution. The related probability density function, cumulative density function, hazard rate function, moments, moment generating function and characteristic function are analysed from a theoretical and practical point of view. Estimation of the parameters is done by the classical method of maximum likelihood and a simulation study is carried out to check the consistency of the maximum likelihood estimates. A data set is used to illustrate the application of the proposed distribution. 2022, Society of Statistics, Computer and Applications. All rights reserved. -
New discrete trigonometric distributions: estimation with application to count data
In this research, we contribute to the development of original discrete distributions for count data analysis. We elaborate four new and different discrete trigonometric distributions with two parameters based on a discretization of the so-called sin-Weibull, cos-Weibull, tan-Weibull, and type II tan-Weibull distributions. We investigate the advantages of the proposed distributions and their trigonometric nature for capturing count data. In particular, some fundamental distributional properties of the discrete sin-Weibull distribution are derived. Subsequently, we turn it into a statistical model. Parameter estimation by the maximum likelihood and proportion of zeros and ones methods are then discussed. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate some frequentist properties of the developed methodology. As the study focuses mainly on the practical aspect, the applicability of the proposed models is evaluated using real-count datasets from various fields. 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
On a Mixture of the Lindley and Modified Lindley Distributions: Properties and Estimation
In this article, we investigate a novel three-parameter lifetime distribution constructed from a mixture of the original Lindley and modified Lindley distributions. The concept behind this construction is to combine the contrasting properties of these two well-known distributions to provide a new statistical modeling option for lifetime data analysis. In particular, it provides a natural alternative to the three-parameter, two-component mixture of the Lindley distribution, which has attracted attention in the recent statistical literature. We investigate its main properties from both a theoretical and practical point of view. The shapes of the corresponding probability density and hazard rate functions and the formulas for the moments, moment generating functions and characteristic functions are discussed. The distribution is then subjected to statistical analysis, considering it as a semi-parametric model. The maximum likelihood approach is used to estimate the parameters. In a simulation analysis, the numerical behavior of the bias and the mean square error of the obtained estimates are studied. The new model is tested on three data sets and the results show that it has a better fit behavior than its main competitor, the three-parameter two-component mixture of the Lindley model. 2025 YU -
Dynamic vibrational analysis on areca sheath fibre reinforced bio composites by fast fourier analysis
Natural fibre reinforced bio composites [6] are good alternative for conventional materials. Natural fibres are cheaper in cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In this project work the effect of varying fibre length is studied and Fast Fourier Technique is used for the analysis of dynamic frequency response. The naturally extracted areca sheath fibres are used as a reinforcement and epoxy L - 12 is used as polymer matrix. Fabrication is done by using hand lay-up method and compression molding technique at 100 - 110 bar pressure and 140 - 150C temperature. Each specimen is cured for 24 h and then test specimens were cut according to ASTM standards i.e., 150 X 150 mm in length and breadth. The dynamic frequency response of specimens with varying fibre length of 29, 27 and 25 mm and thickness 4, 3.5 and 2 mm is obtained by modal analysis. Finite Element Analysis for all specimens is carried out by ANSYS 14.5 and results are compared with the experimental values. These natural areca fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites are defined for particular applications based up on the mechanical and vibrational characteristics obtain from the experimental results. 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Artificial Intelligence Technological Revolution in Education and Space for Next Generation
The goal of this research is to discover the various potential for the educational system using artificial intelligence (AI). The world today is dealing with AI in different sectors. This study specifically looked into the prospects for acquiring efficient and high-quality education for each student, automating administrative tasks, including regulating adaptive student support systems. AI has been leveraged and used in the education sector in various formations. AI initially took in the form of computers with the cognitive model, transformed to online learning, together with other technologies, the use of AI provides chatbots to perform instructors. Imagine you can access your classroom from anywhere at any time through an online learning system. These functionalities enable the education system to deal with the curriculum effectively. Using these facilities, teachers instruct the students to desire to achieve their goals efficiently. The primary aim of this article addresses the concepts in AI that serve to regulate and improve the overall quality of academic performance. The secondary aim of this article is to discuss AI involvement in the space domain. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Microbial degradation of textile dye reactive blue 250 (RB 250) by the novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11: a sustainable approach
Untreated textile effluent discharge has increased due to rapid industrialization and human activity, posing a serious and growing threat to environmental well-being over the past few decades. This study isolates a novel bacterial strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11, from sewage sludge capable of degrading the azo dye Reactive Blue 250 dye (RB 250) as identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Decolorization of RB 250 was tested in Minimal Salt Media (MSM) throughout the studies. Under static conditions, pH 7, and 37C, the dye showed 88.91% decolorization after 24h, which increased to 96.27% at pH 9 and 93.15%at 45C. Adding 1% w/v sucrose and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources increased the decolorization to 96.83% and 97.54%, respectively. A study on growth kinetics over 8h showed that as the Optical Density (OD) of bacteria increased at 600nm, the absorbance of the dye decreased at 604nm, indicating the bacterial role in the decolorization process. FT-IR analysis of the metabolite extracted after decolorization revealed the shift in the intensity of the characteristic peak of the RB 250 dye and the formation of new peaks, which can be attributed to the degradation of dye and generation of intermediates in the decolorized solution. The LCMS study further confirms degradation as the parental peak in the dye disappeared and smaller new peaks were observed, possibly due to breakage of characteristic bonds in dye like the azo bond. Haemolysis test on blood agar demonstrated gamma haemolysis confirming that the novel strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11 doesnt produce haemolysins and is a non-pathogenic strain. Thus, emphasizing the efficiency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RGB11 as potential candidate for dye decolourizer for textile effluents. It has immense potential to serve as a contributor to environmental studies by providing a means of sustainable bioremediation for textile effluents. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2025. -
Advances in Food Packaging with Nanotechnology-Enhanced Biomaterials
The growing concern about food safety and the need for environmental sustainability has triggered the shift from traditional plastic packaging to eco-friendly packaging materials derived from biological resources, enhanced with nanotechnology. Different challenges, such as low mechanical strength, thermal instability, barrier properties and microbial susceptibility, are being observed in traditional packaging. In this chapter, we discuss nanomaterials that are integrated with biopolymers for food packaging to address these issues and increase their physicochemical properties, functionalities, as well as practical applications. Biopolymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), chitosan, gelatin, cellulose and starch-based films, are increasingly being used and further reinforced with organic nanoparticles (nanocellulose, nano starch, carbon dots, and protein nanoparticles) and inorganic nanoparticles (silver, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide etc.) are addressed in the chapter. This chapter classifies and analyses nanomaterials according to their origin and function, demonstrating the enhancement of barrier properties, antimicrobial activity, UV shielding, and thermal resistance in nano-biocomposites. Special attention is paid to their application in smart packaging systems, including active systems that release antimicrobials or antioxidants and intelligent systems containing nano sensors that check for freshness and contamination. Examples of enhanced shelf life and quality preservation are discussed in fruits, vegetables, dairy, meat and bakery goods. The chapter also examines important safety, nanoparticle migration, toxicity regulatory issues, and the environmental impact, highlighting the emerging need for globally unified rules. To sum up, the worlds targets for sustainable food systems, reducing waste, consumer health protection and safeguarding public health are enabled by nano-biomaterials, making it the most suitable innovative solution to the challenges of packaging. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
The impact of excess CSR expenditure on firm value anddividend payout in India: ananalysis using firm age andsize dynamics
Purpose: The paper looks at the impact of excess amount of CSR expenditure (CSRE) in relation to mandatory CSRE in an Indian context on dividend payout (DP) and firm value (FV) where CSRE is mandatory, as well as how this relationship varies between firms based on their age and size. Design/methodology/approach: A sample of the 657 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) from 201415 to 202021 is used in the study, for which spending on CSR was mandatory. A two-step generalised method of the moment is employed to examine the relationship between the variables of interest. Findings: The results show that excess CSREs neither increase the firms valuation nor benefit shareholders' economic benefits, i.e. dividend distribution. However, a deeper analysis reveals that excess CSRE is positively associated with FV in the case of smaller firms and also positively corresponds with DP in the case of younger firms. Originality/value: The present study explicitly considers the excess CSR spending beyond the mandated requirements. It investigates whether such spending contributes to firms improving their valuation and explores its connection to DPs. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0136. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
The impact of excess CSR expenditure on firm value anddividend payout in India: ananalysis using firm age andsize dynamics
Purpose: The paper looks at the impact of excess amount of CSR expenditure (CSRE) in relation to mandatory CSRE in an Indian context on dividend payout (DP) and firm value (FV) where CSRE is mandatory, as well as how this relationship varies between firms based on their age and size. Design/methodology/approach: A sample of the 657 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) from 201415 to 202021 is used in the study, for which spending on CSR was mandatory. A two-step generalised method of the moment is employed to examine the relationship between the variables of interest. Findings: The results show that excess CSREs neither increase the firms valuation nor benefit shareholders' economic benefits, i.e. dividend distribution. However, a deeper analysis reveals that excess CSRE is positively associated with FV in the case of smaller firms and also positively corresponds with DP in the case of younger firms. Originality/value: The present study explicitly considers the excess CSR spending beyond the mandated requirements. It investigates whether such spending contributes to firms improving their valuation and explores its connection to DPs. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0136 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
InclusiVision: Exploring Deep Learning Techniques for Enhanced Audio Description Generation
The rise of technology has facilitated access to entertainment media in various formats like audio, images, videos, and memes. This diverse multimedia landscape, however, poses challenges for visually impaired individuals who primarily rely on auditory means and cannot consume the visual content freely available today. InclusiVision addresses this challenge by introducing audio descriptions (AD) generated through advanced technology for images and short videos. These narrated verbal descriptions provide details about visual elements such as people, objects, colors, and settings, making the content more accessible and comprehensible for the visually impaired. To enhance accessibility, InclusiVision offers two essential phases: the Image Description phase, which generates short audio descriptions for images, and the Video Description phase, which employs algorithms to narrate key visual aspects in short videos. Both the image and video captioning generate short captions explaining key points of the visuals. It employs basic encoder-decoder modeling to help achieve the task. Hence, the primary objective of InclusiVision is to promote accessibility and inclusivity in entertainment and educational media by providing contextually relevant audio descriptions. 2026, Bentham Books imprint.