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Constructing an e-commerce model using the framework of blockchain
Blockchain technology is gaining immense popularity in the realm of online e-commerce, advertising, and consumerism. This study aims to develop a model that comprehends how blockchain can act as a significant disruptor for various functions and applications related to e-commerce. The research explores the possibility that this technological advancement has the potential to revolutionize the core operations of e-commerce industry by providing trade connections devoid of trust or need for specialized intermediaries or central authority in case of permission less blockchains. Furthermore, it could facilitate equitable access to immutable data across supply chains which may result in a major reorganization pertaining to information and value exchanged between businesses involved in electronic commerce and their customers. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Construction and validation of next generation teacher educator competency scale [NGTECS]
The article presented here is a part of the major research project conducted in India from 2016 through 2020. Teacher education in India in the last six decades underwent many reforms in terms of policies, assessment, field experience patterns, and training pedagogy. Teacher educators invariably implemented all the suggested changes. However, it lacked the rigour in implementation. At the same time with the advancement of technology, the student population is native to technology and had newer attitudes towards learning. Researcher felt that, the Teacher educators competencies are to be revisited and may come up with a new list of competencies which are helpful to the next generation. It is with this intent this major research project was planned. The purpose of the project was to come up with the list of competencies for teacher educators which are helpful for training the next generation teacher trainees and to measure those competencies. Therefore, the study resorted to adopt exploratory research design. This article explains the step wise procedure on construction of next generation teacher educator competency scale. It also explains the procedures of validity and reliability established for the scale. The study brought out a Likert type of scale to measure next generation teacher educator competency and has simple administration procedures. The scale was found to be highly reliable based on Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Though the study is exploratory in nature, yet confirmatory factor analysis was carried out and is found to be in agreement with the evolved factors. The scale may be used to measure the extent to which the next generation teacher educator competencies are possessed by a teacher educator. Copyright 2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License -
Construction of a waste-derived graphite electrode integrated IL/Ni-MOF flowers/Co3O4 NDs for specific enrichment and signal amplification to detect aspartame
A novel and cost-efficient electrochemical sensor was designed by immobilizing IL/Ni-MOF/Co3O4 nanodiamonds on the graphite (GE) electrode, marking the first application for the detection of aspartame. The graphite electrode was extracted and recycled from discharged batteries to serve as a working electrode. The nanocomposite features unique Co3O4 nanodiamonds, generated using Coriandrum sativum seed extract, alongside Ni-metal organic framework (MOF), which were synthesized through a solvothermal method. The conductivity and stability of the electrochemical sensor were enhanced through the incorporation of the ionic liquid (IL) ([BMIM][MeSO4]. The phytochemical profile of Coriandrum sativum seed extract, analyzed by GC-MS, identified key compounds involved in the synthesis of Co3O4 nanodiamonds. A comprehensive characterization of the nanocomposite was performed using UV-Vis, FTIR, DLS, Zeta potential, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM, TEM, optical profilometry, and AFM to confirm the structural and elemental modifications. Electrochemical characterization of the bare and modified electrodes was conducted through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The GE/IL/Ni-MOF/Co3O4 nanodiamonds modified electrode displayed enhanced electroanalytical performance for aspartame detection, characterized by signal amplification at +7.0 V. Quantitative analysis by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) and Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) revealed a linear detection range of 315 M for aspartame. A comparison of SWV and DPV revealed superior analytical performance for SWV, with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 1.02 M and 3.1 M (R2 = 0.993) compared to 1.81 M and 5.5 M (R2 = 0.986) for DPV. This study reveals the excellent adsorption capabilities of Ni-MOF and Co3O4 nanodiamonds (Co3O4 NDs), attributed to their high porosity and large surface area, paving the way for the development of affordable sensing devices for artificial sweeteners. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Construction of multifunctional hyaluronic acid modified gold nanoparticles clocked with Irinotecan and indocyanine green: Investigation of chemotherapy and cancer cell imaging
To overcome the inherent limits of conventional cancer therapy, there is an immediate need to establish multifunctional drugs that combine accurate diagnosis with treatment. The work describes a small nanocomposite's mild and easy fabrication, including Irinotecan, folic acid, hyaluronic acid, and indocyanine green-integrated gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles with indocyanine green integrated (HA@ICG/Au) were developed in one step for photodynamic treatment and biological fluorescence imaging. Both the drug delivery of Irinotecan and the enhancement of cellular selectivity are achieved by the hyaluronic acid-altered ICG/Au (HA@ICG/Au). To regulate the release of Irinotecan during tumour chemotherapy, the dual-targeted and pH-responsive system known as HA@ICG/Au:FA@IRI was developed. The nanocomposite composed of HA@ICG/Au:FA@IRI had a tiny surface area and was highly efficient at encapsulation and loading drugs. In an acidic milieu, the nanocomposite showed excellent biocompatibility, colloidal stability, photostability, and a rapid cumulative release rate. The improved cellular uptake of HA@ICG/Au:FA@IRI for fluorescence imaging was validated by fluorescence microscopy in vitro. The nanocomposite showed impressive cancer cell death when exposed to laser irradiation using a combination of synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic treatment (PDT). Taken as a whole, the results show that the nanocomposite was successfully developed to target tumors in two different ways, resulting in a potentially helpful theranostics agent. 2025 Elsevier B.V. -
Construction of Sorafenib Tosylate and Etoposide-loaded Liposomes: A Path to Precision Liver Cancer Therapy and its Apoptosis Induction
Nanotechnology is an effective tool in fighting against cancer, playing a crucial role in investigating and fabricating novel anticancer drugs. Recognizing the worldwide prevalence of cancer, we combined sorafenib tosylate (ST) and etoposide (ETP) within liposomes. We assessed their ability to kill human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HepG2 liver cancer cells. The liposomes effectively contained ST and ETP, exhibiting a particle size distribution below 180nm, a polydisperse index (PDI) below 0.2, a spherical shape, a strong negatively charged zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiencies of 59% for ST, 88% for ETP, and 57% for ST combined with 87% for ETP. The FTIR analysis indicates that the drugs were incorporated within liposomes. Encapsulation of the drugs in liposomes resulted in a more significant cytotoxic impact on HepG2 cells and a reduced cytotoxic impact on HUVECs. The morphological assessment of the HepG2 liver cancer cells was investigated using AO-EB and Hoechst 33258 staining methods. Apoptosis mechanisms of HepG2 cells were examined by Annexin V and PI dual staining. Furthermore, the coadministration of ST and ETP, which were enclosed in liposomes, resulted in a synergistic impact on the drugs, leading to cell death by apoptosis. 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Construction of Teachers' Personal Commitment Scale: Validity and Reliability Analysis
Indian Streams Research Journal, Vol-3(12), pp.1-6. ISSN-2230-7850 -
Construction of Virtual Simulation Practice Teaching Platform for Business Majors Based on Fuzzy Control Algorithm
Simulation plays an important role in control research. Information technology and various related technologies, the research of simulation technology is also deepening. At present, there is no unified platform for the design and simulation of adaptive fuzzy controller, and the simulation algorithms of various controllers are different. With the strong advocacy of national education departments, virtual simulation technology has been widely used in academic education, and has gradually become an important means to improve traditional teaching. Cross-professional comprehensive training of business has almost become the preferred course of combining theory with practice in general colleges and universities. It requires students from different majors to participate together, cooperate and communicate deeply in teams, and compete and confront each other among groups, which helps to improve graduates' innovative and entrepreneurial ability. Through teaching practice, the design of teaching system, the joint training between schools and enterprises, and the consideration of virtual and actual combat are further improved. Explain the teaching application of virtual simulation experiment teaching platform. The virtual simulation experiment teaching platform is convenient for students to complete intelligent control experiments, and carry out secondary development and innovative experiments. 2023 IEEE. -
Consumer Adoption Behaviour of Smart, Green, and Sustainable Building Materials for Future Cities and Environment: Extension of UTAUT 2 Model
This study explores various factors that influence the consumers intention to adopt smart, green, and sustainable building materials in Bangalore city, Karnataka, India. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how consumers actual adoption behaviour of smart, green, and sustainable building materials is influenced by their behavioural intentions. A standardized questionnaire was utilized to collect data from 382 homebuilders in Bangalore as part of a descriptive research study. A simple random sampling technique was used along with Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to test hypotheses framed. Findings indicate that availability and accessibility, awareness, epistemic values, and technology adoption propensity all positively affect subjective norms. Subjective norms positively impact behavioural intention and adoption behaviour. However, challenges in adoption influenced subjective norms negatively, thus hindering consumer adoption. Awareness had the greatest influence on subjective norms, emphasizing the need for increasing consumer awareness. Subjective norms successfully mediated the relationship between independent factors impacting behavioural intention and adoption behaviour. Significant indirect effects of awareness via subjective norms on Behavioural intention were observed. This study highlights the need of increasing social awareness and cultivating a positive view of social expectations in order to promote the widespread use of smart, green, and sustainable building materials, which will eventually result in long-term sustainable cities and surroundings. 2024 The Author(s). -
CONSUMER BUYING PSYCHOLOGY AND BRAND PERCEPTION: INFLUENCE OF WORD OF MOUTH COMMUNICATION
Word-of-mouth Communication (WOM) has recently gained momentum in almost every operating industry in the world. WOM can be seen as a firms intentional influencing of consumer-to-consumer communications about the firms products. This studys primary objective was to determine whether there was any significant relationship between Word-of-mouth communication and Consumer buying behaviour specificity to the Indian cosmetics industry. The study was conducted with a sample size of 163 women, hailing mainly from South Indian cities, out of which Bangalore was predominant. The results of this study are to the Indian urban/metro population. The research eventually concluded a significant correlation between WOM and Consumer buying Behaviour, wherein consumer behaviour was measured in terms of Brand Perception, Search & Evaluation effort, and Risk Reduction. WOMs correlation with each of these aspects was positive and high, indicating a direct and strong relationship. 2020. All Rights Reserved. -
Consumer Characteristics and Consumption Patterns of Soft Drinks
A soft drink is generally treated as very common product aimed at a very casual consumption. Normally, not much of attention is paid to this product, which has almost become 'commoditized'. But, a deeper and more careful observation would reveal that soft drinks are strong demographic descriptors of their consumers. Key insights into the characteristics and consumption patterns of consumers can be obtained through an incisive study of the soft drinks market. This research paper makes a concerted effort at unearthing the demographic details and consumption contours of the soft drink users in Kanpur, Agra, Varanasi, Allahabad, and Lucknow - the five representative cities of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state of India. It has been conclusively established through this research that the residents of these five cities - which are demographically similar in nature - exhibit varying consumption patterns when it comes to soft drinks. It was also found that demographic variables like age, gender, educational qualification, income, and marital status do not significantly impact the consumption of soft drinks, whereas employment status is a key influencer of the same. 2021 IEEE. -
Consumer ethnocentrism and buying intentions on OTT platforms
This research delves into how OTT platforms are transforming media consumption patterns and explores the role of consumer ethnocentrism in shaping buying behaviors within this context. Through a literature review and quantitative research methodology using a Likert-scale questionnaire, the study investigates the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism, buying intentions, and various influencing factors on OTT platforms. Contrary to expectations, the findings show that consumer ethnocentrism has minimal impact on buying behavior. Instead, factors such as price, content variety, personalized recommendations, cultural alignment, ease of platform usage, familiarity with foreign content, and language preferences are crucial in determining viewers' buying intentions. The chapter concludes by recommending that OTT platforms integrate cultural sensitivities into their strategies to better cater to diverse viewer preferences, thereby enhancing market competitiveness and audience engagement. 2024, IGI Global. -
Consumer perception and acceptance of minute maid pulpy orange in puducherry
International Journal of Management & Business Studies, 3 (2), pp. 119-121. ISSN-2230-2463 -
Consumer perception and factors influencing consumption of millets
Consumers purchase intention and preferences are influenced by price, quality, health-related benefits, and awareness about the product. This paper aims to know and understand the consumer perception of millets and to recognize the factors that influence their purchase. The primary data was collected through an online questionnaire covering fourteen districts of Kerala, India. Factor Analysis, Friedman test, T-test, and One-way ANOVA were used for testing the objectives and hypothesis. Factors identified were grouped as perceived value, essential nutrients, and a healthy lifestyle. Friedman test revealed that there wasa significant difference among the mean values of most nutritious cereals, and maize was the most preferred cereal over others in Kerala. Based on the findings, the study recommends certain strategies like food manufacturing companies could introduce variety of millet-based snacks. In addition to this, the concerned food and health department could also devise certain policies that would be aimed at promoting millet-based food. 2022, Kerala Agricultural University. All rights reserved. -
Consumer Perception of Internet Banking and Mobile Banking Using Twitter Analytics
Mobile and internet banking have introduced a new way of monetary transactions without the need for physical presence. This research proposes to analyze the sentiments of people regarding digital transactions, mobile, and internet banking. The explosion of internet usage and the huge funding initiatives in electronic banking have drawn the attention of researchers towards internet and mobile banking. This study focuses on customer value perceptions of the internet and mobile banking in India. The recent and forecasted Digital India scheme shows high growth in e-banking in India. The demographic, attitudinal, and behavioral characteristics of mobile bank users were examined. In this study, datasets obtained from Twitter were used. After extensive and repeated analysis, it is found that both mobile and internet banking are well received; the number of positive tweets, especially regarding mobile banking, is much higher than that of internet banking. This leads to the interpretation that people find mobile banking easier and safer, especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. 2022 Information Resources Management Association. All rights reserved. -
Consumer preference towards private label brands with reference to retail apparel in India
As majority of the present day consumers are considering brands as an important element in their choice of decision making while purchasing, it is pertinent that sellers should capitalize on the type of brands they are offering to consumers. Both private labels and global brands have their own advantages and disadvantages over each other mainly in terms of pricing and quality factors. However, the main motive the consumers are looking forward is to buy a product which would effectively satisfy their requirements. If they find a product which satisfies their needs effectively, they buy it irrespective of whether it is a private label or a global brand. Even the price of the product may not be a major factor in such a case. This study focused on the preference and intention among consumers towards buying of private label products, especially retail apparel products. This study examined the causal relationships between six antecedents of customer perceived preference identified in this study as fashion consciousness, attitude, store image, price, quality, and store loyalty with regard to the purchase intention of private label brand apparels. The model was evaluated using data collected from 292 customers from different malls in Bangalore in 2016-17. The findings revealed that customers attitude played a significant role in their purchase behaviour towards private label brand apparels. 2019, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. -
Consumer preference towards private label brands with reference to retail apparel in India /
Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol.49, Issue 7, pp. 49-66, ISSN No: 0973-8703. -
Consumer response towards personalised pricing strategies in online marketing
E-tailers are now capable of customising prices for an individual buyer or a group of buyers who exhibit similar behavioural traits and perceived ability to pay. Tailoring prices based on personal information may evoke unanticipated reactions as it could infringe users privacy and hurt fair price perceptions. To investigate the potential impact of positive and negative online personalised pricing situations, this study conducted a controlled experiment to observe the changes in consumer behaviour in a personalised pricing context. Seven hundred and twenty responses were collected from thriving online-active communities in India and Malaysia, both countries with high growth of e-commerce activities. Consumers reaction towards fair price, customer loyalty, privacy concern, purchase satisfaction; and the influence of these constructs on post purchase behaviours such as repurchase intentions, revenge intentions and strategic purchase intentions were analysed using PLS SEM modelling. Results indicate online consumers in both countries have high privacy concerns, and as it increased, their repurchase intentions decreased correspondingly. Strategic purchase intentions and revenge intentions increased regardless of positive and negative purchase situations, while purchase satisfaction mediates fair price perceptions and repurchase intentions. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Consuming Identities in Foodways
[No abstract available] -
Consumption Behaviour of Poor Consumers: A Bibliometric and Content Analysis
The poor people segment has gained considerable scholarly attention, particularly after eight scholars established it as an untapped market. This study attempts to understand the nine consumption behaviours of a poor consumer. Therefore, we collate 384 scholarly papers indexed in the Scopus database, published during the period 19752020. Both evaluative and bibliometric relationship techniques, namely, Biblioshiny and VOSviewer, are utilized to understand the domains progress in the past 45 years. Besides this, content analysis is conducted via hand search to identify the most utilized research methods, popularly applied theories and most explored contexts. Results show that research in this field has grown exponentially, particularly after 2007, with research focusing on low-income consumers, bottom-of-pyramid consumers and mobile money users. The findings indicate this domain demonstrates skewed development, and there is a huge room for future studies. 2022 Fortune Institute of International Business. -
Consumption of antibiotics as self-medication from over-the-counter purchase: An empirical study
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to find the reasons behind the practice of self-medication (SM) by the people with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs which are usually available in all medical stores. Methods: This article presents an empirical view of SM practice with OTC drugs. The research design of the study is descriptive, and the population of the study is customers who buy OTC drugs. The target population of this research is the common public who are all having the possibility to consume OTC drugs ever. The sampling technique used for this study is a systematic random sampling, and the sample size is 144. An instrument used for collecting data is a self-administered questionnaire and personal interview with the pharmacists. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study results that most of the OTC customers consider SM is not a good practice, even though they practice SM of antibiotics in certain circumstances, due to reasons such as time-saving, convenience, cost saving, avoid waiting time to consult a doctor, easy and quick availability of antibiotics in neighbourhood drug stores, etc. Conclusion: The study concludes the reasons behind the SM practice and some remedies to overcome OTC drug-related problems from SM. 2017 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd.