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Smart Embedded Framework of Real-Time Pollution Monitoring and Alert System
The sustainability and progress of humanity depend on a clean, pollution-free environment, which is essential for good health and hygiene. Huge indoor auditorium does not have proper ventilation for air flow so when the auditorium is crowded the carbon di-oxide is emitted and it stays there for many days this may be a chance to spreading of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Without proper ventilation virus may present in the indoor auditorium. In the proposed system, emissions are detected by air, noise, and dust sensors. If the signal limit is exceeded, a warning is given to the authorities via an Android application and WiFi, and data is stored in cloud networks. In this active system, CO2 sensor, noise sensor, dust sensor, Microcontroller and an exhaust fan are used. This ESP-32 based system is developed in Arduino Integrated Development Environment (Aurdino IDE) to monitor air, dust and noise pollution in an indoor auditorium to prevent unwanted health problems related to noise and dust. More importantly, using IoT Android Application is developed in Embedded C, which continuously records the variation in levels of 3 parameters mentioned above in cloud and display in Android screen. Also, it sends an alert message to the users if the level of parameters exceeds the minimum and maximum threshold values with more accuracy and sensitivity. Accuracy and sensitivity of this products are noted which is very high for various input values. 2022 IEEE. -
IoT Based Enhanced Safety Monitoring System for Underground Coal Mines Using LoRa Technology
Extracting coal from Underground mine is a hazardous and tough job that needs continuous monitoring of environmental conditions to protect workers health and safety. Though some research works have explored wireless monitoring devices for underground mining, such as ZigBee and Wi-Fi technologies, they come with inherent restraints for instance restricted coverage, susceptibility to interference, reliability issues, security concerns, and high-power consumption. An Enhanced Safety Monitoring System for coal extraction from Underground Mines, employing LoRa communication technology for the effectual transmission of collected data to overcome existing challenges is discussed in this paper. The proposed system consists of two subsystems, one for monitoring the status of miners and another for comprehensive monitoring. LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is a multipoint protocol and this media access control (MAC) enables low-power devices to establish communication with Internet of Things (IoT) applications over extended wireless connections for long-range networks. LoRaWAN operates on lower radio frequencies, thereby providing a longer range of communication. This technology is known for its efficiency in optimizing LPWAN, offering extended range, extended battery life, robustness, and cost-effectiveness, making it highly suitable for industrial mining applications. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Neuroleadership strategies: Elevating motivation and engagement among employees
In the ever-evolving landscape of the modern era, organizations face the ongoing challenge of maintaining motivated and engaged employees. Despite the substantial body of research on this topic, many organizations still struggle to effectively promote engagement and motivation among their employees. This research aims to investigate the application of neuroleadership strategies in addressing this issue. The SCARF model, based on neuroscience principles, provides a valuable framework for understanding neuroleadership strategies which address social and emotional triggers that impact engagement and motivation. It can be effectively used to drive motivation and engagement in the workplace by addressing the fundamental social and emotional needs of employees. This study employs a quantitative approach which assesses the 321 employees from different organizations in India. The results of the study would provide leaders with practical insights to boost motivation and engagement in organizations and thereby improve the effectiveness of the organization. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Transforming workplace stress: The importance of neuroleadership for building resilient work environment
Workplace stress is a common issue that can significantly impact both employees and employers. This study explores the dynamic intersection of workplace stress and the emerging field of neuroleadership, offering insights into fostering resilient work environments. Drawing on the principles of neuroleadership, the chapter highlights how an understanding of neuroscience can inform leadership practices and contribute to creating resilient workplaces. This chapter discusses the neurological basis of stress and the role of leaders in mitigating its effects. It explores emotional intelligence in leadership and the impact of organisational culture on stress resilience. The chapter suggests practical interventions like mindfulness practices and supportive work environment initiatives grounded in neuroscience to cultivate a culture of wellbeing. By adopting resilient leadership strategies and understanding the neuroscience of stress, organisations can create environments that promote employee wellbeing and navigate the challenges of the modern workplace. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
IoT Based Risk Monitoring System
The Internet of things (IoT) aims at connecting different objects, things using internet. The IoT is expanding rapidly and this motivates to apply for the food preservation domain such as preserve the standard of the veggies and fruits. In this paper we have worked on a cold storage system to analyze the environmental conditions under which the food item is being stored. The proposed system senses the temperature, moisture, gas parameters of surrounding environment as these parameters affect nutritional values of food items. An Arduino-based system is created and put into operation; it serves as both a central hub and a network layer for the refrigerated holding tank. It is also linked to the cloud, where an open-source application server supports digital storage functions. By establishing a connection to the database (DB) via its IP address, the measured variables are delivered to the base station (BS) from the cloud and stored there. Then, a cooperative sensing model that uses many observed information as input and one merged informational item or action to be performed as output is tried. As a result, numerous inputs, such as temperature and humidity, were combined and averaged to provide a tightly integrated result. Last, the system integrated an android mobile application which is used to facilitate user interaction and connect through IoT based system that is station or gateway and the internet. GPS is Used to track the remote cold storage and transport container live locations. 2022 IEEE. -
TinyML Empowering Intelligent Edge Devices
Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) bridges the gap between artificial intelligence and low-power embedded systems, enabling devices like microcontrollers to process data locally and operate autonomously. This chapter explores the foundational principles of TinyML, its applications across industries such as IoT, healthcare, industrial automation, and environmental monitoring, and the tools enabling its deployment. It also addresses challenges, including energy efficiency and model optimization, while providing insights into future advancements such as federated learning and neuromorphic computing. This chapter offers a comprehensive understanding of TinyML's transformative potential and its pivotal role in AI-based engineering solutions. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Scribble and Learn-A Leaner Centric Approach
This innovative practice full paper describes a creative learning method that support collaborative, creative visual leaning by improving the happiness index in classroom environment. Teamwork and creativity are limited in traditional classrooms that emphasize individual learning and technology dependence. This study offers 'Scribble and Learn,' a novel instructional tool for Cognitive Psychology and artificial intelligence courses to fill this need. 'Scribble and Learn' uses unique scribbling to encourage active participation and collaboration. Team research with limited technology is done by students. This constraint promotes teamwork and communication as they uncover and study memory performance determinants. Teams use keywords and images to communicate their findings on a huge writing surface after this research phase. This 'scribbling' approach accommodates varied learning styles and stimulates creative knowledge expression, creating a dynamic learning environment beyond lectures. Teams present and discuss their findings in a moderated class discussion. This conversation improves Cognitive Psychology and AI memory performance theory knowledge. 'Scribble and Learn' improves teamwork, creativity, and memory. Positive student feedback shows that the exercise promotes active learning and participation. In a class discussion that is moderated, teams present and discuss the discoveries that they have uncovered. The knowledge of cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence memory performance theory is improved by this discourse. The fact that the activity gets positive feedback from students demonstrates that it encourages active learning and involvement. 2025 IEEE. -
Ruthenium phosphate-embedded poly-(3,4 diaminobenzoic acid)-based electrode for enhanced sensing of 2,4-dichlorophenol in water samples
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is found to have a prevalent application in synthesizing many industrial materials, meanwhile leading to toxicological effects on human health and aquatic life. This work demonstrates the construction of a highly responsive electrochemical sensing platform for 2,4-DCP, based on ruthenium phosphate electrodeposited over poly-(3,4 diaminobenzoic acid)-loaded carbon fiber paper (Ru-Pi/PDABA/CFP). Surface modification of the conducting polymer with Ru-Pi improves electrocatalytic performance by enhancing available electrocatalytic sites and rapid charge transmission channels. The developed electrode was characterized using XRD, XPS, and SEM studies to substantiate the formation of Ru-Pi/PDABA/CFP hybrid material, and electrochemical studies further evidence the improved electrochemical performance upon electrode modification. Cyclic voltammetric studies showcased 2-fold enhanced catalytic activity of Ru-Pi/PDABA/CFP compared to the bare CFP. Differential pulse voltammetric outcome corroborated outstanding electroanalytical metrics towards 2,4-DCP, unveiling an appreciably minimal limit of detection (LOD) of 1.47 nM and a low quantification boundary (LOQ) of 4.37 nM in a wide concentration-response linearity of 5 450 nM. The interferences from foreign substances produced only negligible signal modulations (<4.6 %) on the current amplitude of 2,4-DCP, validating the sensor's excellent selectivity towards the target analyte. Further, the application of Ru-Pi/PDABA/CFP was extended for the 2,4-DCP assay in actual tap and lake water samples. 2025 -
Innovative fish peptide-loaded chitosomes: Advancing bioactive delivery through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo assessments
Considerable advancements have been achieved in controlled delivery systems, yet ensuring optimal stability, bioavailability, and precise targeting of bioactive compounds continues to present challenges. Addressing this gap, the present study explores chitosomeslipid vesicles stabilized by chitosanas a promising approach to enhance the delivery efficiency of bioactive molecules. This study investigate fish peptide-loaded chitosomes, leveraging chitosan's biocompatibility, biodegradability, and encapsulation capabilities. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted under both in vitro and in vivo conditions to assess their potential applications. In vitro studies using L929 cell lines demonstrated high biocompatibility, efficient cellular uptake, and sustained cell viability, with a dose-dependent cytotoxicity profile, leading to early and late apoptosis. The tolerance, favourable metabolic stability, and biomarker responses were validated by in vivo evaluations in Albino Wistar rats, demonstrating systemic efficacy and safety. Moreover, the peptide-chitosome formulation demonstrated a lipid-lowering impact, as evidenced by increases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and unsaturated fatty acids and decreases in triglycerides, saturated fatty acid content, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). These findings highlight the potential of fish peptide-loaded chitosomes as an advanced bioactive delivery system, addressing existing limitations and expanding their applicability in nutraceutical and therapeutic formulations. 2025 The Author(s) -
Maritime geopolitics and mental health: socio-psychological impacts on strategic tension in the Indian Ocean coastal communities
Purpose This paper aims to explore how maritime geopolitical tensions, especially between China and India, exist in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and impact the mental health and social inclusion of coastal communities. While most strategic analyses focus on military and economic factors, this research incorporates human security perspectives. Design/methodology/approach Using an interdisciplinary framework that combines developmental psychology, strategic studies and geopolitical field analysis, this conceptual study highlights understudied mental health risks through qualitative case studies and secondary data from the IOR. Findings The results indicate that in regions of militarized maritime development, anxiety, chronic stress, identity displacement and communal fragmentation are becoming more common. Stressors include foreign intervention and strategic uncertainty. A disproportionate number of women, children and displaced workers are impacted. Originality/value This study, to the best of the authors knowledge, is one of the first to link psychological health at the grassroots level with maritime security strategy, urges policymakers to incorporate human-centered approaches into regional and national security planning. This study argues that growing strategic anxiety necessitates an integrated approach to national security, one that considers mental health and human security, particularly in regions such as Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Lakshadweep and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited -
'Maritime Big Play Strategy': Solidifying the role of Aukus in the Indo-Pacific region
The Indo-Pacific region is undergoing substantial shifts, driven by China's rising influence and the increasing importance of maritime security. As a result, in 2021, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States formed a trilateral security agreement known as AUKUS. This alliance addresses concerns in the region about China's military buildup, economic projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, and assertive actions over the South China Sea. The strong, well-coordinated presence of AUKUS is intended to protect navigation freedoms, enforce international standards, and ward off aggression. In response, technology and information sharing are prioritized, along with improving defense capabilities, such as building Australia's nuclear-powered submarines. Furthermore, to promote stability in the Indo-Pacific, AUKUS has supported its members' defense industries. This paper assesses AUKUS's impact as a new regional partnership and explores how it is perceived among countries in the Indo-Pacific region. The paper views this phenomenon through a theoretical construct of liberalized militarism propounded in 2024. A conceptual case study approach with mixed methods has been employed to determine the significance of this international organization for India and other regional actors involved. The key themes covered in the paper include innovation and technical know-how advancements in defense and security to increase supply chain resilience, which has raised nuclear proliferation concerns for the intercontinental actors involved. Today, AUKUS stands as a vital global force, changing the trajectory of world politics away from hegemony toward armed harmony enhancing interoperability cooperation among its member states. This makes this paper crucial for academia to be aware of this growing alliance partnership, which is changing regional and international dynamics. 2025 Malque Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Innovative Frameworks for LMS Integration in Public Education: Balancing Local Needs with Global Standards
India has made significant progress in using digital technology in education, with Learning Management Systemsplaying a key role. LMS offer scalable platforms for content delivery, assessment, and engagement, enhancing both teaching and learning. They enable personalized learning, simplify administrative tasks, and bridge the digital divide, improving accessibility across geographies. One such initiative, eVidya, provides digital content to school students. This study explores the role of LMS in public education and the challenges of integrating them into government schools, balancing local needs with global standards. The paper analyzes LMS evolution, key features, and benchmarks, with a detailed review of India's DIKSHA system and comparisons with international platforms like Google Classroom, Canvas, Moodle, and Schoology. It looks at country-specific LMS solutions from the US, Europe Australlia and Asia. The research proposes the Integrated eVidya-LMS Implementation Framework for Karnataka's schools, highlighting the potential benefits for India's digital education landscape. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Numerical Evaluation of the Strength of Concrete Columns with Different Types of Confinement
The structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is significantly influenced by their cross-sectional shape and the confinement methods employed. Confinement is a widely adopted technique to enhance the load-carrying capacity and ductility of concrete columns, thereby improving their structural performance and seismic resistance. A large number of experimental and numerical studies are available to demonstrate the confinement effect of columns. This study presents a numerical evaluation of the strength of circular (316 mm diameter), square (280 280 mm), and rectangular (300 260 mm) RC columns confined by using various techniques. Modelling and analysis of columns are done in Ansys software. The confining strategies, adopted are varying the spacing of lateral ties, wrapping with different types of Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) and wrapping with FRP combined with lateral ties. The results show significant enhancement of compressive strength in the confined columns. Among the adopted confining strategies, CFRP with lateral ties gives maximum percentage strength enhancement (13.4%). The comprehensive understanding of the behaviour of the confined columns under axial load further leads to the study of confined columns under lateral and dynamic loads. This would contribute the safety and resilience of structures constructed specially in earthquake-prone regions. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
Exploring the Interplay Between Economic Growth and Sustainable Development: A Complex Systems Approach to GSDP and SDGs in Indian States
Pursuing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) necessitates aligning business and management practices on a global scale. This paper delves into the intricate dynamics between Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) and SDGs across diverse states in India, offering nuanced insights to policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders. This paper explores the dynamic relationship between Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of India's diverse states by applying modern machine learning techniques such as XG boost, Decision trees, and K mean clustering. The study delves into how economic growth influences the progress towards SDGs. The research integrates complex systems methodologies, combining exploratory data analysis, correlation analysis, and clustering to offer actionable insights for policymakers and businesses. The paper emphasizes the need for tailored strategies that consider the economic development stages of states to achieve sustainable development goals more effectively. Through this multidimensional approach, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how GSDP can guide the pursuit of SDGs and proposes innovative, data-driven solutions for fostering sustainable growth across India. 2025, Binghamton University Libraries. All rights reserved. -
Deep Learning for Mental Health: Attention-Driven Multilayer CNN for Audio Depression Detection
Depressive Disorder is a common mental health problem that affects millions of people around the world. This study proposes a Self-attention based Multi-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to perform enhanced depression detection from audio modality. The model employs a diverse array of filters, kernel sizes, and pooling strategies across multiple CNN layers to capture local features, while the attention mechanism prioritizes emotionally salient parts of the speech signal, such as regions of low energy and lengthened pauses by assigning higher weights. Measured against the RAVDESS and TESS emotional speech datasets, the method attains an F1 score of 0.81, an accuracy of 83% and ROC-AUC of 0.96 when using attention, beating the baseline CNN model, F1 score of 0.77 and 83% accuracy without attention. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of attention-enhanced architectures in detecting depressive cues from speech and support the feasibility of developing real-world, speech-based mental health screening tools. 2025 IEEE. -
Detection and Sensing of Human Body Micro-Motions Using 24GHz mm-Waves: A Case Study
The paper presents a 24 GHz millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) system for real-time human presence and distance detection, leveraging the 24 GHz band's balance of range, resolution, and power efficiency for applications in smart environments. The system uses Doppler-based reflections from signals to accurately detect presence and estimate distances with 12cm accuracy up to 5 meters with little needed infrastructure. The challenges presented by signal attenuation and multipath interference are addressed using beamforming and Massive MIMO with 5G-enabled IoT as the framework. The use of Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication and Massive-Machine-Type Communication allows a framework for rapid data processing and scalability. This system enables automated smart home lighting, healthcare occupancy detection, and security intrusion alert applications, with very high detection accuracies. The limits are reduced detection performance beyond a distance of 6 meters and interference from reflective surfaces. Future work includes investigating the 60 GHz bands, which will yield higher resolution in the detection, and using machine learning techniques to develop adaptive detection, as a scalable and cost effective method of real-time automation in a range of settings. 2025 IEEE. -
Towards Smarter Transit Systems: An Artificial Intelligence based IoT Approach
Transportation today is paramount, and difficulties such as unreliable bus schedules and overcrowding are still found due to inadequate managerial practices. While cities are confronted with rapid urbanization and population growth, public transit remains a strong reliance of the middle class, especially in India. Individuals are subsequently subjected to overcrowded, and unreliable modes of transit, which lead them to seek private solutions that ultimately leads to increased private vehicle usage, which is directly related to more congestion and pollution. Therefore, utilising an IoT/machine learning based solution which provides commuters with updated bus locations and occupancy via their mobile phones to make more informed travel decisions, thus reducing wait times is proposed. Accurately tracking the buses via gps, is beneficial for providing timely information, where sensors are used for estimating occupancy based on passenger counts. The traffic prediction provided to users is generated from a Random Classifier machine learning model that would otherwise improve commuting efficiency and urban mobility. The model is found to have 98% accurate on cross-validation and 99% on test data, while the average F1-score over various traffic situations is 0.99. The described solution assists transit users by providing up to date service information improving the passengers quality of travel, heightened their sense of safety, and creates a more integrated urban experience, which promotes long-term sustainable development to meet the interconnectedness challenges cities confront with rapid urban expansion. 2025 IEEE. -
Evaluating Technostress: Work-Life Balance and Well-Being in Varied Work Contexts
In the contemporary digital landscape, the phenomenon of technostress, defined as stress induced by technology usage, has emerged as a crucial factor influencing work-life balance and employee well-being. This study will explore the impact of technostress in varied work modes such as traditional office-based, remote, and hybrid models. Employing a quantitative approach, the researcher conducted surveys on a representative sample of employees across multiple industries. The results indicate that technostress adversely influences work-life balance and well-being, and the difference in various work modes is observable. Further, it has also been observed that there are significant differences in technostress and well-being concerning the various work modes; working from home comes out to be a positive option, which is related to lesser levels of technostress and higher outcomes of well-being. The present study shows how organisational interventions may be implemented in mitigating technostress-inducing effects: induction of digital literacy, instillation of appropriate communication policies, and embedding of supportive work culture. Essentially, an intervention could help organisations improve well-being 0f employees and achieve better work-life balance in a digital environment. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Employee Social Experiences and Performance Management Systems: A Brain-Friendly Approach in Organizations
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations are undergoing significant changes that call for more effective people management strategies. With new competitive challenges and constantly evolving environments, modern organizations need toadapt to ensure their continued success. One valuable tool for achieving this goal is a performance management system. However, it is crucial to update the theories and techniques of this system to meet the current demands. This study explores how the performance management system affects employees social experiences from a neuroscience perspective. Using a quantitative approach, the study gathered information from 268 employees across various industries in India, considering ten performance management criteria and evaluating social experience components using the SCARF model based on neuroscience. The results reveal that specific aspects of the performance appraisal system significantly impact employees social experiences. Based on their understanding of the link between different factors in the performance appraisal process and the quality of social experience, researchers recommend a performance appraisal model that promotes a brain-friendly work environment. These findings are especially relevant to managers and organizations, as they offer valuable insights into critical factors to consider when planning and implementing performance appraisal systems in modern workplaces. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Brain-friendly approach to work environment and its motivational influence on ambidexterity and engagement of faculty in higher education
Purpose: As the higher education landscape continues to evolve, educational managers need to be adaptable and embrace versatility and interactivity in their management methods. The research investigates the interplay between brain-friendly work environment, motivation, ambidexterity and engagement among higher education faculty. Design/methodology/approach: This research investigates the relationships and mechanisms among various variables in higher education using a quantitative approach. Data were collected through surveys administered to educators in South India, focusing on their perceptions of brain-friendly work environments, motivation, ambidexterity and engagement. The questionnaire employed established standard scales, and a thorough analysis was conducted on the 437 responses received. Findings: The study establishes the significance of creating environments conducive to brain functioning, leading to the development of motivated, ambidextrous and engaged educators. Research limitations/implications: The study paves the way for experimental research, which can add rigour to the current findings. Additionally, other factors beyond the SCARF dimensions which can promote ambidexterity and engagement can be explored in future research. The findings of the study can be applied and tested in other organisational settings. Practical implications: A brain-friendly experience will function as a powerful motivational tool that enhances the productivity of faculty in the higher education sector. The insights of the study will help educational leaders in designing a productive work environment and governments in making policies which help to improve the quality of the higher education sector. Social implications: The quality and contributions of faculty members in the higher education sector are crucial for shaping society. This research contributes to the knowledge of creating motivated, ambidextrous and engaged faculty who can mould the future in todays competitive society. Originality/value: The concept of a workplace that prioritizes cognitive well-being is becoming increasingly relevant in education. Research results contribute significantly to existing knowledge and highlight the importance of creating an environment that supports optimal brain function, leading to enhanced employee performance. These findings offer valuable insights for educational leaders and policymakers seeking to improve working conditions. 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited.