Browse Items (14428 total)
Sort by:
-
Introduction to Quality of Education: SDG-4 Perspective
The chapter discusses the understanding of SDG-4 as per the United Nations perspective, along with the rationale for Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It discusses the targets and indicators under SDG-4, the quality of education. The chapter emphasizes the critical role of education in achieving all 17 SDGs. The chapter justifies that the SDG-4 focus on the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region through the discussion of diversity, economy, population, demographics, educational disparities, and innovation. The chapter discusses the education in the APAC region by providing an overview of the current status, trends, challenges, equity, quality, success stories, and regional innovations. The chapter highlights the progress toward SDG-4 in the APAC region in terms of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE), secondary, higher education, technical and vocational education, and teacher education. The chapter presents the objectives, scope, operational definitions, best practices, and chapter summaries. It further presents the overview of the volume along with its unique contribution to the policy and knowledge domain. Copyright 2026 by John Joseph Puthenkalam and Joseph Chacko Chennattuserry Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited -
Introduction to quantum machine learning
Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is popularly known to be an integrative approach to learning of the Quantum Physics (QP) and Machine Learning (ML). In this chapter, an outline of the fundamental ideas and features related to quantum machine learning is laid out. The different facets of quantum algorithms are discussed in this chapter. In addition to this, the basic features of quantum reinforcement learning and quantum annealing are also provided in this chapter. Finally, the chapter deliberates about the advancement of quantum neural networks to through light in the direction of QML. 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. All rights reserved. -
INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING INTERNSHIP: An Analytical Approach
The introduction chapter presents the transition that teaching internship models underwent from the 20th century to the 21st century. It addresses the need for acquiring the teaching knowledge required of a teacher trainee suitable to the present time. It provides a glimpse of internship practices in other professions like medicine, law and business to provide an analytical base to understand the teaching internship. A successful teaching practicum is determined by its outcome and the experiences offered at the internship site. The chapter also sheds light on the expectations and benefits of teaching internship. It also clarifies the terms used in teaching internship for a common understanding from the stakeholders. It explores the idea of mentor and mentorship in teaching internship. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of the succeeding chapters in the volume. 2023 selection and editorial matter G.S. Prakasha and Anthony Kenneth; individual chapters, the contributors. -
Introduction, scope and significance of fermentation technology
Fermentation technology is a field which involves the use of microorganisms and enzymes for production of compounds that have applications in the energy, material, pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. Though fermentation processes have been used for generations as a requirement for sustainable production of materials and energy, today it has become more demanding for continuous creations and advancement of novel fermentation processes. Efforts are directed both towards the advancement of cell factories and enzymes, as well as the designing of new processes, concepts, and technologies. The global market of microbial fermentation technology was valued at approximately USD 1,573.15 million in 2017 and which is expected to generate revenue of around USD 2,244.20 million by end of 2023. However, regular supply of materials, such as nutrients, microorganisms, the complex nature of production process, and high manufacturing cost hinder the market growth. 2019 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved. -
Introduction: Sexuality and sexualities
Introduction The most significant recent development, a break with the past, in the study of sexual cultures has to do with the term culture itself: that we think of sexuality (and sexualities) as having cultures. Historically, both in academic and popular thinking, the term sexuality most frequently elicited responses that have to do with biology. That is, whether as an area of study or as a set of ideas people have about their intimate lives, sexuality was too easily detached from the social contexts where it belongs and presented as something of itself. There is a strong tendency to view our sexual lives as dictated by their own peculiar rules that (a) are biologically derived, (b) have been historically stable (that is, the same since the dawn of time), (c) are essentially about our private lives, and (d) are basically the same across different cultures. Ironically, while, on the one hand, we think of sexuality as a world-untoitself - such that it is regarded as a very narrowly confined domain that has nothing to do with, say, politics and economics, we also simultaneously think of it as something of very general significance that is absolutely fundamental to our being. We tend to both downplay its meanings as well as inflate its significance. So, for example, if one is a bad cook, its a minor blemish, but being bad at sex is seen as a major crisis which requires intervention (through seeking the help of sexologists, for example). The sexuality-as-a-drive perspective which was, most famously, both problematized but also institutionalized by Sigmund Freud presents itself in the Indian context in peculiarly Indian ways. It was, for example, at the heart of many of the arguments that were made - and continue to be made - about the difference between Hindus and Muslims, those between tribal and ?ontribal populations, and between the middle-class and poorer populations. So, with respect to the last point, the rise of sexology and the family planning movements are directly linked to the early-twentieth-century perception of the different sexual drives that supposedly characterized the educated and the uneducated (Ahluwalia 2013; Srivastava 2007). Sexology was intended to cater to the more evolved sexual desires of the middle classes, whereas family planning was directed towards controlling the uncontrollable drives of the poor, one that threatened nation-building. Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla 2020. -
Introduction: Tourism at a crossroads
[No abstract available] -
Introduction. Inclusive business approaches in tourism: Stakeholder engagement
[No abstract available] -
Intrusion detection system in a software- defined network
Software Defined Network (SDN) provides a solution to traditional network architecture's drawbacks, where closed equipment like switches and routers have tightly coupled hardware and software. SDN allows the creation of virtual networks controlled by software, providing benefits like rapid topology creation, enhanced security and performance isolation for different traffic types. It offers networking and management opportunities with programmability and flexibility by operating on a centralized control plane, separating data and control planes. The centralized controller, directs information flow through the interfaces to network elements. Despite advantages, SDN faces security threats like DoS attacks and intrusions. One of SDN's most promising aspects is its potential to enhance network security through Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). IDS integration within SDN enables effective threat detection to safeguard devices and data. The chapter briefly outlines IDS implementation in SDN and demonstrates SDN's capacity to revolutionize modern network management and security. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Intrusion Detection Through Deep Learning: Emerging Trends and Challenges
The chapter begins with an introduction that sets the stage for a comprehensive journey into the world of deep learning. The chapter then delves into the critical components of deep learning, including neural network architectures, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent and recursive networks, and the application of deep learning. Moreover, it explains intrusion detection, its classification, and its methodology. By the end of the chapter, readers will have gained a solid understanding of the fundamental principles and tools necessary to delve deeper into the application of deep learning in intrusion detection, and challenges inherent in it. 2026 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. -
Invalidation of emotions and emotional eating: The moderating role of emotion regulation among young adults
Our emotions play a decisive role in shaping our behavior. However, when the expression of these emotions is met with disapproval, it leads to us experiencing emotional invalidation. This experience has a detrimental influence on cognitive abilities, including decision-making, thinking, and reasoning, ultimately impeding ones daily functioning. The present study examined the role of perceived invalidation of emotions on emotional eating tendencies. Further, it explores the moderating role of emotion regulation. The sample consisted of 320 young adults aged between 18 and 25. The data was collected through an online survey and offline questionnaires distributed in higher education institutions. The Perceived Invalidation of Emotions Scale, Emotion Regulation Scale, and Emotional Eating Scale were administered. Multiple linear regression and moderation analysis using Process Macro were performed to interpret the results. The results showed a positive relationship between perceived invalidation of emotions and emotional eating. Further, cognitive reappraisal and emotional suppression were found to moderate the relationship between perceived invalidation of emotions and emotional eating. These results have implications for designing physical health and well-being interventions that address invalidation of emotions. The moderation analysis results extend to interventions targeting emotional eating tendencies, emphasizing enhancing cognitive reappraisal skills. Health psychologists and nutrition experts can identify the antecedents of maladaptive eating patterns and apply this understanding while dealing with clients facing similar issues. 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Invariant intersection graph of a graph
Studies in algebraic graph theory showcase the interplay between group theory and graph theory by defining graphs on groups, investigating their properties, and also by analysing the automorphism groups that emerge from the graphs. In this article, we introduce the idea of constructing an algebraic derived graph; that is, constructing a graph based on the algebraic properties of a graph, by introducing the invariant intersection graph of a graph, constructed based on the automorphism group of a graph. Here, we introduce the graph construction and initiate an investigation on the structure of the invariant intersection graph with respect to the graph and its automorphism group. 2025, Taru Publications. All rights reserved. -
Invariant Submanifolds of (?)-Sasakian Manifolds
In this paper, we consider invariant submanifolds of an (?)-Sasakian manifolds. We show that if the second fundamental form of an invariant submanifold of a (?)-Sasakian manifold is recurrent then the submanifold is totally geodesic. We also prove that, invariant submanifolds of an Einstein (?)-Sasakian manifolds satisfying the conditions (Formula presented) (X, Y) ? = 0 and (Formula presented)(X, Y) (Formula presented)? = 0 with ?r ? n(n 1) are also totally geodesic. 2020. All Rights Reserved. -
Inventory model for deteriorating items with ramp type demand under permissible delay in payment
Permissible delay in payment is a common method of payment often used by the suppliers and it generally leads to higher sales and ultimately higher revenue. This method is significant in the case of deteriorating products. In this paper, an inventory model for the deteriorating items with price and time-dependent ramp type demand is presented with shortages allowed and partially backlogged. The solution procedure is illustrated by numerical examples. The concavity of the profit function with respect to the decision variable is discussed analytically. Numerical analysis shows that the profit per unit time increases with the delay payment facility. Copyright 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Inventory model for the growing items with price dependent demand, mortality and deterioration
Growing items like livestock, chicks, etc. gain weight in the growing phase but some of them are lost due to mortality. In the selling phase, some inventory is lost due to deterioration. Such aspects make procurement decisions quite difficult for these items. In the light of such aspects, we developed an inventory model for the growing items with price dependent demand, mortality and deterioration. Shortages are partially backlogged. Our aim is to optimise the total cost by determining the optimal ordered quantity and total cycle length. Convexity of the cost function with respect to the decision variables has been discussed analytically. Solution procedure along with numerical example at different percentage of backlogged quantity is provided to show the applicability and validity of our model. Sensitivity analysis shows that total cycle length is the most sensitive among all the decision variables and parameters. Copyright 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Inverse Hilbert Fractal-Metamaterial Rings for Microstrip Antennas and Wideband Applications
A Novel Metamaterial (MTM) property is obtained using a fractal pattern known as Inverse Hilbert. The Mu-negative(MNG) characteristics have been recovered by adopting NRW method. This MTM characteristic is studied for 2.45 GHz using FR4 epoxy as substrate. The dimension of the substrate is 30mm36mm 1.6mm. This fractal metamaterial structure can be amalgamated with an optimized Microstrip antenna (MSA) for improvement in antenna parameters and can be used for RF energy harvesting. 2022 IEEE. -
Inverse Problem for the Forgotten and the Hyper Zagreb Indices of Trees
Let G = (E(G); V (G)) be a (molecular) graph with vertex set V (G) and edge set E(G). The forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index of G are defined by F(G) = P u2V (G) d(u)3 and HM(G) = P uv2E(G)(d(u) + d(v))2 where d(u) and d(v) are the degrees of the vertices u and v in G, respectively. A recent problem called the inverse problem deals with the numerical realizations of topological indices. We see that there exist trees for all even positive integers with F(G) > 88 and with HM(G) > 158. Along with the result, we show that there exist no trees with F(G) lt; 90 and HM(G) lt; 160 with some exceptional even positive integers and hence characterize the forgotten Zagreb index and the hyper Zagreb index for trees. 2022 The authors. -
Inverted LPDA for Broadband Radio Astronomy Observation between 150 and 800 Mhz
Radio transients are celestial objects that vary their brightness in time. The brightness can vary from a few milliseconds to a few hours and exhibit emissions across Radio waves to X-rays and even in Gamma rays. Sophisticated search techniques such as single pulse search, clustering, advanced AI, and digital signal processing are used to detect the radio signals emitted from these transient sources. A study of the signals from the transient sources helps to understand their origin and nature. This paper describes the details of a new antenna designed to detect radio transients at low frequencies between 150 MHz and 800 MHz at RRI Gauribidanur Observatory. 2025 IEEE. -
Investigate the distinctive link between a balanced scorecard and organizational performance in ITand non-IT sectors
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of a balanced scorecard (BSC) affects business outcomes in both information technology (IT) and non-IT sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. A random sample was used to collect 170 responses from the IT companies and 166 from non-IT companies by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was distributed to the top- and middle-level managers in Bangalore city, and we used SmartPLS software to explore the relationship between our research constructs. Findings: The results of this study indicate that a BSC has a significant and positive impact on organizational performance in IT and non-IT sectors. The main distinction in this study is that all BSC perspectives [learning and growth perspective, internal business process (IBP) perspective, customer perspective (CP) and financial perspective (FP)] have a significant, direct and indirect impact on IT companies. On the other hand, solely three BSC perspectives (IBP perspective, CP and FP) have a significant impact on non-IT companies, while learning and growth perspective has an insignificant impact on the FP. Originality/value: This study provides a critical theoretical and practical contribution of a BSC on business performance in IT and non-IT industries. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Investigate the distinctive link between a balanced scorecard and organizational performance in ITand non-IT sectors
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of a balanced scorecard (BSC) affects business outcomes in both information technology (IT) and non-IT sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. A random sample was used to collect 170 responses from the IT companies and 166 from non-IT companies by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was distributed to the top- and middle-level managers in Bangalore city, and we used SmartPLS software to explore the relationship between our research constructs. Findings: The results of this study indicate that a BSC has a significant and positive impact on organizational performance in IT and non-IT sectors. The main distinction in this study is that all BSC perspectives [learning and growth perspective, internal business process (IBP) perspective, customer perspective (CP) and financial perspective (FP)] have a significant, direct and indirect impact on IT companies. On the other hand, solely three BSC perspectives (IBP perspective, CP and FP) have a significant impact on non-IT companies, while learning and growth perspective has an insignificant impact on the FP. Originality/value: This study provides a critical theoretical and practical contribution of a BSC on business performance in IT and non-IT industries. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Investigating and analyzing the causality amid tourism, environment, economy, energy consumption, and carbon emissions using TodaYamamoto approach for Himachal Pradesh, India
Himachal Pradesh is a preferred tourist destination with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.76% between 201112 and 202021. The increasing trend of CAGR has boosted the tourism economy in the state while impacting the local environment. The negative impacts have recently increased due to changes in climatic patterns and increased tourism influx during the post-pandemic period. In this context, the present study analyzed the impact of tourism on the environment, economy, and energy consumption using the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. The novelty of this study is to the existing literature on sustainable tourism development through investigating the interrelationship between tourism, environment, economy, energy consumption, and carbon emissions by employing the TodaYamamoto (TY) technique. This study will be a pioneering scientific investigation with quantitative results in the western Himalayan states of India, encompassing Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, and Himachal Pradesh. The annual data for each variable, such as per capita carbon emission (CEP), per capita Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP), per capita GSDP square, per capita energy consumption (ECP), and per capita tourism receipts (TRP), was collected from 2010 to 2021. This study exhibited an inverted-U EKC in the state, signifying the initial stage of economic development and extensive exploitation of natural resources for tourism. The TY results indicated an inter-causal relationship and feedback association among the variables in the study area. Thus, increased TRP would lead to an upsurge in energy consumption affecting the environmental quality due to increased carbon emissions. Such environmental degradation in the state would negatively impact the tourism sector in the long run. The research findings would guide planners and policymakers in promoting sustainable tourism. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.