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Psychological autopsy: Overview of equivocal deaths, suicides and homicide-suicides
Psychological autopsy studies are a method to understand the causes of equivocal deaths. Suicides and homicide-suicide are the result of various events. The understanding of an individual's life before their death, by interviewing the next of kin, provides some insight into the causes. The research articles dealing with psychological autopsy studies through case studies of suicide or homicide-suicide instances, obtained from different search engines, shed light on the mental health, Alcohol use disorder (AUD), and Drug use disorders (DUD) of individuals before death. The primary characteristic of suicides in a population of late twenties to early fifties was romantic relationship conflicts. In contrast, suicides in the teenage years and early twenties were characterized primarily by a lack of familial acceptability and, to a lesser extent, self-acceptance. Simultaneously, there was a high risk of suicidal behavior and commission of acts among the DUD patients, getting treatment without psychiatric diagnosis and therapy. Over time, the psychological autopsy technique has shown to be quite helpful in determining the risk factors for suicidal behavior. The study helps to develop multiple rehabilitation and mental awareness that need to be created among various populations so that the suicide and homicide-suicide rates can be reduced. 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine -
Psychological capital and innovative work behaviour: The role of mastery orientation and creative self-efficacy
Continuous innovation is what helps companies survive the highly discontinuous competition. Securing innovative work behaviour from employees has drawn the attention of businesses and researchers alike. The current work draws on broaden-and-build theory and goal orientation theory to propose how an individual's psychological capital, which is malleable, helps in achieving innovative work behaviour from employees. The study has been conducted in the context of three-star hotels located in and around New Delhi, the capital of India. The data was collected using standard scales from a dyad of 229 employees and their managers. The present study enriches the innovative work behavior literature by combining different perspectives in a coherent framework and demonstrates the partially mediated positive relationship of psychological capital and innovative work behavior via mastery orientation. Also, the study reveals that the partially mediated indirect effect varies among employees based on their level of CSE. 2022 Elsevier Ltd -
Psychological capital as an antecedent of employee engagement and its relationship with intention to stay
Employee engagement is an evolving concept in human resources (HR). Most organizations strive to attain employee engagement because of the various organization-related outcomes. It is important for employees to feel engaged emotionally, socially, and intellectually with the work and organization. Various antecedents affect employee engagement and, in turn, result in an organization-related positive outcome. This chapter discusses in-depth PsyCap as an antecedent of employee engagement and how it relates to intent to stay regarding employees working in travel organizations in India and aims to build relevant theoretical frameworks based on the findings. The chapter also discusses some strategies organizations can implement to achieve employee engagement based on the findings. 2022, IGI Global. -
Psychological Components for Marital Distress and Divorce in Newlywed Indian Couples
The personal and family consequences of the ever-increasing ratio of divorce have focused global attention on formulating tactics to avert marital breakdown. However, the increase in the rate of divorce cases indicates that its core reasons have not yet been tackled. The most recurrently asked question in the literature around divorce is this: Why do couples shatter so soon, even after marrying with high prospects? This study endeavors to find answers for this question from a family psychological perspective. Using a basic interpretative qualitative method and phenomenological research paradigm, this study has provided very personal experiences of 20 newlywed divorced participants and also their sole vision on crucial key psychological factors for marital distress and divorce. One superordinate theme derived in the analysis involves intrapsychic resistance to accommodate life cycle transitions. This research has vital inferences for identifying the challenges faced by contemporary couples on the newlywed life cycle transition. , Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Psychological distress among college students of coastal district of Karnataka: A community-based cross-sectional survey
Background: Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) are frequent among adolescents and early adults. National Mental Health Survey of India 20152016 shows alarming results, especially for depression. This study explored the prevalence of psychological distress among college students. Additionally, the relationship between gender, living arrangement with psychological distress in various educational streams were explored. Materials and Methods: Through a cross-sectional community-based survey a total of 4839 college going students of various educational streams in Mangalore, Karnataka were assessed for psychological distress with Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results: Participants had median age of 19 (range = 9) years and the majority (59.5%) were females. The median SRQ score was 4 (range 20) and about 28.5% of students were found to be psychologically stressed. The suicidal ideation was reported by 13.6% of the students. Engineering and Arts/science/commerce students had significantly higher psychological distress scores as compared to health and allied sciences (k = 47.7; p < 0.001) and those who were staying with families (U = 2,687,648.5; p = 0.004) reported higher levels of psychological distress in comparison to those who were staying away from their families. Conclusion: Prevalence of psychological distress was high among students, especially non-medical students, students who were staying with their families, and those who were younger in age. A significant proportion of students had suicidal ideation, which needs early mental health interventions at the college level. 2018 -
Psychological distress among doctoral scholars: Its association with perseverance and passion
Background: the study examined psychological distress and its association with perseverance and passion for long term goals among 400 Ph.D. scholars from Pondicherry University. MethODs: the sample collected through multi-stage convenience sampling technique was assessed using a structured Questionnaire, Depression, anxiety and stress scale (Dass-21), Grit scale and Flourishing scale. resULts: the results showed that 7.5% and 4.5% had severe and extremely severe depression, 12.5% and 20% had severe and extremely severe anxiety, and 5% and 1.5% had severe and extremely severe stress. the data was collected from one indian University and analyzed based the information gathered through self-report inventory. cONcLUsiONs: congenial family environment, good relationship with parents and friends were observed to be positive factors for psychological well-being. there is an urgent need to extend mental health support services to the PhD scholars especially for those who were suffering from severe and extremely severe psychological distress. 2020 Edizioni Minerva Medica Online version at http://www.minervamedica.it -
Psychological distress and quality of community life among migratory construction workers in India
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to elicit sociodemographic details, assess the level of psychological distress, and measure the quality of community life (QoCL) of migratory construction workers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional research design and survey method of sampling was followed. The semi-structured interview schedule, self-reporting questionnaire, and QoCL scale were used as measures for the study. Results: Out of 75 respondents, 37 (49.3%) did not have formal education, 38 (50.7%) have migrated for less than a month duration, 33 (44.0%) respondents migrated with their families. The mean age of respondents was 32.03 9.82 years. About 48 (64.0%) were identified as potential respondents for psychosocial care and female respondents (M = 12.90 4.03, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) have higher distress than males (M = 9.50 4.56, t = ?3.03, P < 0.003) ones. Overall, QoCL indicated a below moderate (59.08 8.31) level. Conclusion: The distress was high and QoCL indicated a below moderate level. Intersectoral and community mental health services were required to enhance QoCL and reduce distress among migratory construction workers. 2023 Published by Scientific Scholar on behalf of Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice. -
Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction: A Meta-analytic Review
Studies in the area of psychological empowerment have been on the rise since early 1990s. Given the large amount of information available, the researchers aim to consolidate findings, in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of the concept and its relation to job satisfaction of employees in organizations. The researchers have identified 50 studies, set in varied cultural and organizational settings. The data from these studies form the basis of the analysis in this paper. A meta-analysis of the findings of the chosen studies was conducted. This is followed by a systematic review of literature, to identify a few probable intervening variables that modify the relationship. The findings of the analysis suggest that the direct relation between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction is positive, strong and statistically significant. The study supports the validity of one of the earliest models explaining the relation. The paper establishes that the direct relation between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction is strong, positive and significant. The variations in the strength of the relationship is due to the presence of certain intervening variables like culture, age, educational qualification and experience. 2022 Management Development Institute. -
Psychological Experiences and Perceived Social Support: A Study on Indian Mothers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Introduction: Mothers are often the primary caregivers of children in Indian homes. Mothers of children with Type 1 diabetes experience an emotional toll of this challenging responsibility that the lack of social support can exacerbate. Health care for children with Type 1 diabetes in India commonly addresses the medical condition and its associated symptoms, whereas mothers, who bear the primary responsibility of the childrens care, are most often neglected. This study aimed to understand the psychological experiences and perceived social support of Indian mothers whose children are diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. Methods: This phenomenological research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with mothers using purposive sampling between the ages of 24 and 45 years (n = 13) and analyzed using thematic analysis. The data analysis and collection were done between January 2022 and December 2022. Results: Thematic analysis revealed six main themes of psychological distress, multifold strain, poor Type 1 diabetes mellitus education and stigma, need for social and familial support, caregiver burden, and coping. The findings from this research suggest that such experiences can make it difficult for them to cope with their childs diabetes and have a negative impact on their mental health. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for culture-appropriate interventions to address the social and emotional needs of such mothers. It is essential to educate families and the community as a whole about the needs of both mothers and children with Type 1 diabetes. 2023 Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior. -
Psychological experiences and travel Adversities: A Mixed-Method study of the regular commuters in traffic congestion
This study investigated the psychological experiences and consequences of travel adversities during traffic congestion using a three-phase sequential exploratory mixed-methods design. Phase 1 explored the travel adversities, psychological experiences, and consequences of a sample of ten (four women and six men) regular commuters of Bangalore's congested roads using semi-structured interviews. In phase 2, a checklist was developed listing the fundamental themes from phase 1 with Likert-type responses ranging from 0 (never) to 5 (always). Phase 3 gathered data in the checklist and tested the statistical validity of the thematic model in a sample of 190 (81 women and 103 men) regular commuters. Attride-Stirling model thematic network was established with 57 fundamental themes categorized and assigned under the organizing themes of travel adversities (n = 6), negative affect (n = 28), fight (n = 7), flight (n = 6), and negative road occurrences (n = 10), in the global theme, psychological experiences and consequences. Structural equation modeling indicated that (1) negative affect significantly predicted fight and flight, (2) fight is a significant predictor of negative road occurrences, and (3) psychological experiences and consequences create a self-perpetuating cycle, with travel adversity triggering negative emotions, which results in fight responses leading to negative road occurrences, further intensifying travel adversity. A mathematical model is established based on this statistical validation, which holds potential applications in real-time traffic algorithms. 2024 -
Psychological health among armed forces doctors during COVID-19 pandemic in India
Background: A pandemic poses a significant challenge to the healthcare staff and infrastructure. We studied the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among armed forces doctors in India during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors that contribute to these symptoms. Methods: The study was conducted from March 30, 2020, to April 2, 2020, using a self-administered questionnaire questionnaire using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), which was sent through Google Forms. Responses were received from 769 respondents. Data were analyzed for demographic details and HADS scores using the chi-square test and backward logistic regression. Results: Anxiety and depressive symptoms were seen in 35.2% and 28.2% of the doctors, respectively. In doctors with anxiety symptoms, significant associations were observed with age (2035 years, 39.4%, P = 0.01), gender (females, 44.6%, P < 0.001), duration of service (010 years, 38%, P = 0.03), and clinical versus non-clinical specialties (non-clinical, 41.3%, P < 0.001) as opposed to marital status, education level, and current department of work. In doctors with depressive symptoms, significant associations were observed with age (P = 0.04), clinical versus non-clinical specialties (P < 0.001), duration of service (010 years, 30.1%, P = 0.03), and doctoral degree (P = 0.04) as opposed to gender, marital status, education level, and current working department. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among armed forces doctors. The main contributing factors are female gender, young age group, non-clinical specialties, and having a doctoral degree. Copyright 2020 Indian Psychiatric Society - South Zonal Branch. -
Psychological impact of olfactory branding: The future of smell marks in India
Scents have been used by business organizations for commercializing their products since historic times. Because of the psychological connect that a consumer immediately makes as he smells something unique, olfactory branding is considered as a very productive and effective marketing tool. Trademark law attempts to protect a brand's identity with the ultimate motive of preventing consumers from deceptively similar goods. Scholars and businesses have been raising their voice in a demand call for smell mark protection under trademark law, arguing that smell is just as important for identifying the origin-point of a product for a consumer as is the brand's logo or name or product shape. While the US courts have been liberal in granting smell mark registrations, EU courts have interpreted the graphical representation requirement under trademark law very strictly. Indian law, though not entirely closed on the prospect of smell mark protection, is inclined toward the EU position. After analyzing the current legal scenario, this article explores the more fundamental question as to the feasibility of smell marks, questioning their justification under the philosophical foundations of trademark law, the subjective associations of consumers with respect to smells, the difficulty in evidence analysis by courts in infringement suits and the apprehension relating to the functionality doctrine. 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Psychological Problems Among Children Three Years After the Earthquake in Nepal
Background: Frequent disasters and weak mental health system pose a risk to psychological health in Nepal. In 2015, a massive earthquake of 7.6 magnitude occurred in Nepal, which caused large scale destruction to human life and property. Limited research in children after disasters in Nepal prevent health professionals from implementing new evidence-based trauma treatments. Aim: The study aimed to identify the long term emotional problems experienced by earthquake-affected children in Nepal. The role of gender, severity of exposure, socioeconomic status and type of family in relation to emotional problems were also examined in the selected group. Methods: A purposive sampling was used to select 454 children (4th and 5th standard) from two highly affected wards in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Information about exposure to the earthquake was collected from children using the Level of Exposure Scale while the parents completed the Nepali version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ/ 4-17). Results: The effect of exposure to the earthquake was identified in the children even after three years. Boys had higher conduct, hyperactivity-inattention and peer problems while girls had high pro-social behaviour. Emotional problems were greater for those belonging to a lower socio-economic status. Among the variables, gender was a better predictor of emotional problems in earthquake-affected children. Conclusions: Emotional problems such as conduct problems, hyperactivity-inattention, peer problems are present in the earthquake-affected children in Kathmandu. Future researchers and clinicians need to monitor the children affected by the earthquake to recognise vulnerable groups and implement appropriate trauma-focused interventions. 2021, Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. All rights reserved. -
Psychological Safety and Career Success among Employees of Indian Start-ups: Mediating Role of Passion
India is one of the leading countries that have a favorable start-up ecosystem and is home to hundreds of start-ups and unicorns. From fintech and e-commerce to healthcare and agritech, these startups are disrupting traditional industries, leveraging technology to address unique challenges and tap into vast market opportunities. The start-ups' human resources policies are different, and they do not have complex human resources rules and policies to promote new ideas. The start-ups future is unpredictable, and they have a lot of uncertainty. Human assets work in start-ups to get a sense of career success despite the psychological fear about the future as they have a strong passion to succeed. This research seeks to explore the impact of psychological safety on the professional achievement of human resources within Indian startups, with a particular focus on the intermediary role of passion. This study adopts a descriptive approach and utilizes a survey-based research methodology to gather first-hand data from employees working within the realm of Indian startups. The study results convey that psychological safety impacts the overall career success of start-up employees, and it also significantly impacts the objective career success of the employees. Objective career success pertains to tangible accomplishments or results in a person's professional journey, which are usually quantifiable and evident to external observers. Further, it is found that passion mediates psychological safety and objective career success of the start-up employees significantly. 2024, Iquz Galaxy Publisher. All rights reserved. -
Psychological safety and employee development: the role of energy at work in strengthening job embeddedness in Indian luxury hotels
Purpose This study aims to investigate how psychological safety impacts the levels of energy felt at work, and vice versa, whether energy acts as a mediator between psychological safety and the multiple dimensions of job embeddedness that include organizational, community fit, sacrifice and link. Design/methodology/approach The data had been gathered from 458 hotel employees with the help of a structured questionnaire consisting of established scales of psychological safety and energy at work and, additionally, job embeddedness. A set of statistical analyses, including confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing, were used to test the validity and reliability of the measurement model. Findings The findings affect training and development practices in the hospitality industry. This is especially true for leadership development, resilience training and learning programs that promote psychological safety and help keep employees for the long term. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by providing important information about the psychological and energetic factors that impact job embeddedness, which would contribute to enhanced employee satisfaction and organizational effectiveness in the hospitality industry. 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited -
Psychological science and COVID-19: An agenda for social action.
This report summarizes what is known about the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and proposes ways for psychology organizations to engage in addressing pandemic-related challenges. A stress and coping framework is used to describe key factors that account for mental health difficulties resulting from the stress of pandemics including the pandemic course, political leadership and public response, cumulative stressors, risk and protective factors, and coping strategies. Psychology organizations could do much to provide help particularly to vulnerable healthcare and frontline workers, the elderly, and the socially isolated. They could offer clinical services and design prevention programs, train non-professional community workers to provide mental health first aid, assist NGOs and political leaders, and translate basic research on psychological factors that influence acceptance of public health measures. The pandemic occurs at a time of advanced connectivity that provides an opportunity for (a) scientific information exchange, (b) alleviation of distress of social isolation, but also (c) infodemic, unprecedented spread of hoaxes and online incitements to non-compliance with preventative measures. Psychologys role is not limited to addressing mental health needs but also includes promoting adjustment to changes in the economy, education and employment, and developing effective communication strategies that encourage acceptance of public health measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) 2021 Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice -
Psychology of Confinement and Intersections of Imposter Syndrome: Identity Reconstruction and Human Rights in Prisons
The imposter syndrome behind bars is the feeling many prisoners have that they do not deserve personal development, educational achievements or rehabilitative accomplishments while incarcerated. In the context of jail and prison, there are many have layers of profound internalized self-doubt as a result of societys bias against criminalized identity and the resolutely stratified nature of life behind bars. When prisoners accomplish something going to school, teaching other prisoners or taking part in therapy programs, as they can feel internally conflicted as to whether it has been real, if it is only them performing. This chapter emphasizes on that how prisoners dissonance slips into the personal stories of society portraying them as what they did, denying their humanity and truthfulness. The also supporting environments and help much in affirming positive identity rebuilding. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Psychology Teaching and Learning: Innovations, Trends, and Best Practices
Deliver effective psychology education with proven strategies for diverse learners As psychology education evolves amid global shifts, educators need practical, evidence-based strategies that work across contexts. Psychology Teaching and Learning: Innovations, Trends, and Best Practices brings together international experts from twelve countries to address these challenges. Editors Aneesh Kumar and Rituparna Chakraborty have assembled leading voices in psychology education to provide actionable guidance for enhancing teaching effectiveness while promoting equity and inclusion. This volume explores the International Competencies for Undergraduate Psychology Model, culturally responsive pedagogy, online learning strategies, and innovative assessment approaches. Discover how to integrate artificial intelligence and cognitive science into teaching, implement open science pedagogy, and apply the megastudy method. The book addresses student well-being through emotional intelligence, resilience, self-compassion, and creating safe learning environments. Readers will discover: Evidence-based teaching strategies and assessment models proven to enhance effectiveness across diverse learning environments and cultural contexts worldwide International perspectives from psychology educators in twelve countries offering varied approaches to common challenges in contemporary psychology education Practical guidance on integrating emerging technologies like AI and intelligent tutoring systems into psychology teaching and learning experiences Frameworks for promoting student well-being including emotional intelligence development, resilience training, self-compassion, and creating psychologically safe classrooms Reflection questions and supplementary classroom resources in each chapter to facilitate immediate application and adaptation to your teaching context Whether you teach undergraduate courses, develop curricula, or train future educators, this book equips you with forward-thinking approaches to prepare students for real-world challenges. By bridging contemporary educational challenges with actionable strategies, it empowers you to transform your teaching practices. 2026 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Psychometric Properties of the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Among Couples in India
The aim of the present study was to translate the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) into the Tamil language and examine its psychometric properties in the Indian cultural context. Data were collected from a dyadic sample of 340 married heterosexual couples (N = 680) currently residing in India. The mean age of husbands was 39.57 (SD = 6.10; 26 ? range ? 58), and the wives was 35.33 (SD = 5.72; 23 ? range ? 54). Descriptive results indicated that husbands and wives reported similar levels of interpersonal emotion regulation. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a 20-item model with four factorsenhancing positive affect, perspective-taking, soothing and social modeling, similar to the original version, fits the data well. Furthermore, the multiple-group analysis indicated robust measurement invariance across gender (husbands vs. wives), family type ( joint vs. nuclear) and marriage type (arranged vs. love), indicating that the Tamil version of the IERQ operates similarly across these groups. Besides, the Tamil version of the IERQ showed good convergent and discriminant validity with measures of dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction. Implications for research and couples therapy in the Indian cultural context are discussed. 2022, PsychOpen. All rights reserved. -
Psychometric Properties of the Moral Injury Symptom Scale Among Indian Healthcare Professionals
The spread of the novel coronavirus has led to a rise in morally conflicting situations for healthcare professionals. Doctors and nurses who were serving as frontline workers, require special attention to alleviate the long-lasting impact of the potentially morally injurious events. The current study aims to validate the Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Healthcare Professionals (MISS-HP) among Indian healthcare workers. The 10-item MISS was administered to 150 doctors and 150 nurses using the purposive sampling method. Firstly, reliability was assessed using internal consistency measure. Secondly, item discrimination index was assessed by calculating the point biserial correlation for each item. Cronbach alpha indicated high internal consistency (0.77). The point biserial correlation value for each item indicated good discrimination. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to replicate the factor structure. CFA results suggested a good fit to the data. In conclusion, MISS-HP is a reliable and valid tool to assess moral injury among Indian healthcare professionals in India. 2023 Hibino et al.