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Impact of brand perception, brand credibility, and product knowledge on consumer loyalty
This chapter aims to examine and explain the impact of brand perception, credibility and product knowledge on customer loyalty.A strong brand is very crucial for differentiation, establishing an emotional and positive relationship with customers and driving growth in such competitive and saturated market. Brand is more than a product or a service, its always showcase the stories and have lots of memories that drive the customer trust and loyalty towards brand. Though brand loyalty influenced by complex factors, including cognitive, affective and behavioral dimensions in order to understand dynamics of brand loyalty and how businesses might do effective branding initiatives that resonate with customers . This study investigates the complex relationship between brand image, identity, trust and product knowledge and their impact on customer satisfaction, loyalty and retention. The findings of this chapter will provide valuable insights to marketers and practitioners seeking to enhance brand loyalty and drive business growth. 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Women in security services: a (post)feminist reading of Lt Col Nitisha v Union of India
The role of women in Indian security services was debated in the recent judgement, Lt Col Nitisha v Union of India. The Supreme Court invalidated the impugned selection criteria and their retrospective application upon female staff as instances of indirect discrimination. This case note identifies three major implications regarding the gendered nature of the debate. Firstly, the Courts findings reveal that the government adopted certain strategic modes of postfeminist governmentality to utilize the discourse of women empowerment for departmental ends. Secondly, popular readings of the judgement risk being reduced to postfeminist cultural sensibilities, which romanticize individualistic agency and manufacture isolated struggling heroes to eventually dull the cross-sectoral feminist solidarity. Lastly, the Courts progressive doctrinal turn still construed women officials as mere employees-beneficiaries mostly claiming careerist interests. It abandoned any holistic appraisal of the role of women in military service, thereby articulating an impoverished account of female agency, dignity, and personhood. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis. -
Photoaligned nematic liquid crystals doped with palladium-immobilised carbon nanospheres for advanced low-voltage display and energy storage devices
This study presents a nematic liquid crystal (NLC), D30-17, doped with palladium-immobilised carbon nanospheres (CNS) Pd/ON10 at two different concentrations. The composites were prepared with 0.1 and 0.4 wt/wt% dopant concentrations and are referred to as Mix 1 and Mix 2, respectively. The palladium-immobilized carbon nanospheres were employed because they function as advanced materials for catalysis and energy applications owing to the catalytic properties of palladium. The sample holder used in this experiment consisted of photo-aligned cells coated with a photosensitive alignment layer, Cibacron brilliant yellow (CBY). The textural studies revealed improved alignment in the doped mixtures. The frequency- and temperature-dependent dielectric behaviour was analysed for the pure and doped systems in both the planar (at 0 V) and homeotropic (at 12 V) states. Dielectric studies showed that the relative permittivity, dielectric loss, and conductivity of the doped material increased with increasing dopant concentration compared with that of pure NLC. Compared with the pure NLC and Mix 2, Mix 1 exhibited greater dielectric anisotropy, leading to a lower threshold voltage. A reversal in the dielectric anisotropy was also observed, which was attributed to the bistable inversion in the CBY alignment layer of the photo-aligned cells. Optical studies indicated that there was no significant shift in wavelength with respect to the dopant concentration. These composites are expected to find applications in liquid-crystal-based electronic and photonic devices. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026 -
The Role of Regular Meditation Practice, Trait Mindfulness, and Psychological Characteristics in Affective Startle Modulation: A Psychophysiological Study
Meditation practices, including mindfulness, are linked with adaptive emotional processing and regulation. Although startle response modulation among meditators has been studied using habituation and prepulse-induced startle inhibition paradigms, affective startle modulation, which refers to potentiation by negative stimuli and attenuation by positive stimuli (both relative to neutral stimuli), remains unexplored. This study examined how regular meditation practice, dispositional mindfulness, and affective difficulties influence affective modulation of the acoustic startle reflex. Seventeen meditators and thirty non-meditators were exposed to pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant images while their eye-blink startle responses were recorded. Participants also completed self-report measures of dispositional mindfulness, alexithymia, emotion regulation difficulties, depression, anxiety, and stress. Meditators, compared to non-meditators, reported higher dispositional mindfulness, particularly in the Observing and Non-reactivity domains, lower stress, and fewer difficulties in goal-oriented behaviour during negative emotions; they also had longer startle onset latencies, potentially indicating lower state anxiety, across the entire experiment regardless of the valence of visual images. Higher dispositional mindfulness correlated with lower scores on alexithymia, emotion regulation difficulties, depression, anxiety, and stress across the pooled sample. These findings suggest that mindfulness, whether cultivated through meditation or as a trait, reduces negative emotionality, highlighting its potential for emotional regulation and stress reduction. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026. -
The Paradigm of Party Autonomy: Towards a Viable AI-Driven Pre-Arbitration Framework in India
Arbitration proceedings in India are adversely affected by multiple adjournments and procedural uncertainties in the courts. To ensure limited judicial intervention, certain procedural tasks can be automated via artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the efficiency of the arbitration process. The objective of the paper is to examine the current state of the Indian judicial framework and assess the procedural feasibility of incorporating AI to address arbitration-related limitations. The research employs a thematic review of the literature to assess the use of AI in dispute resolution proceedings. In addition, using a comparative research methodology, the study critically analyzes the technological and policy-related initiatives taken by both India and China in their respective judicial systems. Findings suggest that reliance on the party autonomy principle in arbitration is a solution to the limitations that disincentivize governments from implementing AI-powered automation in dispute resolution. The paper, therefore, recommends an integrative approach to AI technology that partially automates arbitration proceedings in the courts. 2026 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2026. -
A study on impact of Green human resource management practice on its sector - Chennai
The implementation of important plans and choices is a crucial part of the function that Human Resource Management plays in the operation of an organisation throughout its life. This makes it possible for the organisation to continue to cultivate and sustain its culture of supportability. In order to bring about sustainable success via Human Resource Management, the fundamental thinking process behind Green Human Resource Management is to motivate it. Green HRM (Green Human Resource Management) initiatives are currently in progress and are gaining traction among workers and representatives. These initiatives are embracing new work methodologies such as energy conservation, the implementation of E-HRM, telecommuting, and, most importantly, avoiding potential risks to protect the mother climate. Over the course of the last several years, the rate of worry on a worldwide scale has begun to quicken. 2024 Author(s). -
An Improved Artificial Intelligence based Service Quality to Increase Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in Banking Sector
This study clarifies and determines how service quality affects customer loyalty and reliability. The support of quality in the open and private financial sphere and understanding of its connection to customer loyalty and conduct goal Utilizing an upgraded SERVQUAL (BANQUAL) tool with 26 items, the review was conducted among 802 bank customers. The social goal battery was used to estimate the clients' expected conduct. The expert used a seven-point Likert scale to assess the standard and saw service quality (implementation), as well as the social expectations of the clients. The most reliable tool to quantify the conceptualization of the differentiation score is the BANQUAL instrument. It is used to evaluate gaps in service between assumptions and perceptions of service quality. The SERVQUAL instrument is modified to make it suitable in the banking industry. Questions on parking at the bank, the variety of things and programmes available, and the banks' genuine efforts to address customer grievances are added to the instrument (Responsiveness). The writing audit was sufficiently compiled from many sources, reflecting both an Indian and foreign environment. The postulation included several hypotheses then examined using structural equation modelling. To meet the exploration goals, the views were tested using the products AMOS and SISS. The data were analysed using corroborative and explorative element research to confirm the BANQUAL instrument's dependability and legitimacy of the financial business execution and service quality aspects. The resulting CFA model value exhibits excellent psychometric qualities. Professional businesses and clients increasingly use artificial intelligence support specialists (AISA) for management. However, no measure measuring the support quality can fully capture the essential factors affecting AISA service quality. By developing a scale for evaluating the quality of AISA service, this study seeks to solve this deficiency(AISAQUAL). 2023 IEEE. -
A study on police personnels perception about causes for stress and frequency of stress occurrence
This paper states that Police Personnels Perception about causes for Occupational stress like organizational context (goals and objectives), organizational structure (size, degree of centralization), organizational processes (leadership style, decision making etc.), nature of work (shifts etc.) and physical environment (employee safety, rewards etc.) constitute the dimensions of the climate.This study is a descriptive one and it reveals the facts which are already exist. This report is about the policeconstables where it is in Tuticorin district, South part of Tamilnadu. This study focused on52 police stationswhichare divided into eight sub divisions and 600samples collected from three differentgrades of police constables. Police stress inventory (PSI) used to measure the level ofoccupational stress. Appropriate statistical tool was used for data analysis. According to theresults most of the police constables experienced more stress. Female constables facehigh stress compare with male police constables. This study concludes most of the constables areunder medium level stress group and results shows a significant difference between occupationalstressorganizational context (goals and objectives), organizational structure (size, degree of centralization), organizational processes (leadership style, decision making etc.), nature of work (shifts etc.) and physical environment (employee safety, rewards etc.). 2020 SERSC. -
AI-Driven Fleet Management System: Smart Vehicle Directory for Organizational Efficiency
Affected by the increasing need for an effective, automated system that can manage campus entry and parking, it urgently calls for a solution to integrate license plate recognition and visitor management for security and convenience. This will further give allowances to the pedestrian visitors for a pass on their mobiles in exchange for their mobile numbers. This is a proposal for the integration of Automatic License Plate Recognition into an Automated Character Recognition system, which would help extract license plate information on a college portal. It would encompass new vehicle registrations, staff and student registrations against license plates, and would also be able to generate digital passes for visitors. Though the system depends upon the conventional algorithms, these demonstrate good performance under normal applications. This simply means that an institution is bound to ensure that campus security and parking administration run seamlessly, due to the necessity for facilitating easy and prompt vehicle registration processes and issuance of daily passes. Integration of a visitor management system issuing electronic passes via mobile numbers with an ALPR system matched with OCR for extracting license information will greatly improve the campus security in administering the parking facilities. One of the most used methodologies to this effect is You Only Look Once, with very great abilities in object detection. This will be integrated to automate license plate registration, link it to the registered users, and provide digital passes for visitors. The result will be a more organized and secure campus environment. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
BlockE: Securing Cryptos Future with Smart Identity and Tracking
BlockE is established to provide a regulated space within which one can solve the concerns related to the crypto space about its illegitimate features. The block that is built for BlockE must be the Virtual Identity (Virtual ID) system to enable user transactions to control monitoring without compromising trust and safety. Another paper with more detailed information about BlockE, which describes the concept, structure, as well as realization aimed at linking decentralization and regulation. It further outlines some of the functions of BeToken, the native cryptocurrency token, and emphasizes scaling, security, and transparency within the fast-growing crypto ecosystem. Its a cool platform equipped with mind-blowing features like the Chat with Wallet, where people can communicate with each other privately and securely, thereby gaining access only to the users who use the channel, and the BlockE AI Chatbot, a virtual assistant on a sophisticated linguistic model. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026. -
A Novel Approach to Optimizing Third-Party Logistics Growth through IT, Big Data, and Machine Learning for Superior Supply Chain Management
The purpose of this research is to explore proper development prospects of 3PL business, particularly focusing on the utilization of Information Technology and big data technologies for improving the solidity of supply chains. The change of the industry that started from the provision of services and then became an integrated solution implies the rising role of IT as one of the means for supply chain improvement. Based on the market study and investigation of customers' behaviors, as well as the contexts of the 3PL industry of the India, this research outlines how the IT and big data analytics can contribute to the operations improvement and innovation of the 3PL. Besides, this paper aims at finding out whether the Big Data analytics can enhance the competitiveness of third party logistics providers in a volatile market. 2024 IEEE. -
Does financial inclusion and ICT influence the economic growth: an evidence from select emerging economies using panel data estimates
Information Communication Technology (ICT) 's contribution to financial services and economic growth is extensively researched. With technological development, the financial systems are converging with ICT platforms, thereby leading to digital financial systems, creating opportunities that bridge the gap between affluent and disadvantaged sections in emerging economies. In this study, we employ the panel data estimation method to evaluate the impact of ICT in providing financial services that would lead to sustainable economic growth in 12 emerging economies from 2010 to 2024. The findings emphasize the critical role of digital financial services and ICT infrastructure in boosting financial inclusion and driving inclusive economic growth. The Random Effect model has inferred that there exists a moderate effect of fixed telephone lines and mobile cellular subscribers on GDP by simplifying digital applications, integrating regional languages. By ensuring secure systems in places, the regulators and service providers can contribute to the sustainable economic growth of both the country and the underserved communities. Shylaja H N et al. -
Design of Lowpower 4-bit Flash ADC Using Multiplexer Based Encoder in 90nm CMOS Process
This work describes a 4-bit Flash ADC with low power consumption. The performance metrics of a Flash ADC depend on the kind of comparator and encoder used. Hence open-loop comparator and mux-based encoder are used to obtain improved performance. Simulation results show that the simulated design consumes 0.265mW of power in 90nm CMOS technology using cadence-virtuoso software. The circuit operates with an operating frequency of 100MHz and a supply voltage of 1V. The Author(s). -
Human cognition and emotional response towards visual environmental features in an urban built context: a systematic review on perception-based studies
Urban built environments can influence human cognitive and emotional comforts. Human comfort in the built environment has challenged architects and urban designers while developing comfortable spaces. Emerging cognitive-architectural studies in architecture engineering inform new directions for improvising human spatial design practices. This paper intends to present a systematic meta-analysis of selected empirical studies to identify the gaps and future scope of research in human cognition and built environments. However, the scope of the literature review is to concentrate on experiments that consider physiological reading in different environments, such as nature and architectural spaces in cognitive study areas. The peer-reviewed literature published from 2010 to 2021 illustrates that only limited design parameters are considered in these experiments. The study analyses the extensive consideration of experimental medium, simulation categories, and participant factors like gender and age in this research domain. The survey recommends considering more visual features, contextual conditions, and ethnic groups. 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Influence of Customer Relationship Management for the Success of E-Business
Customer relationship management has recently been one of the key factors in the success of many organizations. Organizations have realized the importance of customer satisfaction and are integrating their operations with that of customer relationship to serve the customers in a better way. This paper seeks to understand the importance of CRM in e-business. It also talks about the importance of customer relationship for an organization in its growth. Relationship marketing has been studied to show how customer relationship management software can be made use of for the benefit of an organization. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
E-Commerce in Indian Retail Industry: Its Proliferation and Performance
The growth of the e-commerce industry in India has seen a multitude of growth since the growth of netizens in India has reached its peak post the demonetization in Indian economy. Research in e-commerce acts as a catalyst for studies in the field of digital innovation. The developments made by India in the field of e-commerce are notable by the world. India has made extensive use of the advancement in the field of technology. Recent years have seen a transformation in the way Indian shops and exchanges grew from cash mode payments to digital mode of service delivery and payments. This research is focused on studying the parameters that have acted as impetus in the expansion of e-commerce in the Indian retail sector. 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Effects of 12 Weeks Core Strength Training on Bio-motor Fitness Abilities among College Level Soccer Players
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week core strength training (CST) program on bio-motor fitness components among college-level male soccer players aged 18 to 23 years. Methods: Sixteen male soccer players participated in this study. They were divided into an experimental group that underwent a CST program and a control group that maintained their regular training routine. The CST program, integrated into the regular soccer training schedule, included exercises such as planks, bridges, and various forms of crunches, progressively increasing in intensity. Upper body explosive strength was assessed using a backward medicine ball throw, lower body explosive power using a standing long jump and countermovement jump, and change of direction speed using an agility test. Sprint performance was measured with 15m and 30m linear sprint tests. Results: The CST group showed significant improvements across all measured variables. Notable percentage changes were observed in the 15m sprint (4.08%), 30m sprint (1.56%), upper body strength (6.87%), standing long jump (4.66%), countermovement jump (15.69%), and change of direction speed (12.35%). Effect sizes indicated substantial enhancements in standing long jump (g = 1.634, p = 0.001), countermovement jump (g = 7.110, p < 0.001), and change of direction speed (g = 3.142, p = 0.001). The control group did not exhibit significant changes in any variables. Conclusion: A 12-week core strength training program, consisting of three sessions per week, significantly improved bio-motor fitness components in college-level soccer players aged 18 to 23 years. These findings support the inclusion of CST in soccer training regimens to enhance athletic performance. 2024 by authors, all rights reserved. -
Gesture based Real-Time Sign Language Recognition System
Real-Time Sign Language Recognition (RTSLG) can help people express clearer thoughts, speak in shorter sentences, and be more expressive to use declarative language. Hand gestures provide a wealth of information that persons with disabilities can use to communicate in a fundamental way and to complement communication for others. Since the hand gesture information is based on movement sequences, accurately detecting hand gestures in real-time is difficult. Hearing-impaired persons have difficulty interacting with others, resulting in a communication gap. The only way for them to communicate their ideas and feelings is to use hand signals, which are not understood by many people. As a result, in recent days, the hand gesture detection system has gained prominence. In this paper, the proposed design is of a deep learning model using Python, TensorFlow, OpenCV and Histogram Equalization that can be accessed from the web browser. The proposed RTSLG system uses image detection, computer vision, and neural network methodologies i.e. Convolution Neural Network to recognise the characteristics of the hand in video filmed by a web camera. To enhance the details of the images, an image processing technique called Histogram Equalization is performed. The accuracy obtained by the proposed system is 87.8%. Once the gesture is recognized and text output is displayed, the proposed RTSLG system makes use of gTTS (Google Text-to-Speech) library in order to convert the displayed text to audio for assisting the communication of speech and hearing-impaired person. 2022 IEEE. -
Managing Retail Credit Default Risk Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Ethical Considerations and Challenges
Credit risk management is an integral aspect of financial stability of financial institutions. The determinants of credit default behavior help in identifying types of credit risk based upon customers habits or actions such as purchasing behavior, spending patterns, social interactions, and moral hazard. The awareness on such behavioral factors helps in getting a complete picture in analyzing the credit worthiness of any individual. The onset of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has remodeled the methodologies of credit risk assessment. Training and developing learning models to predict the borrowers behavior evolved along with AI and ML, developing advanced mechanisms for managing credit default risks. Using risk modeling to determine behavioral scoring enables the banks to acquire creditworthy retail borrowers, alongside its inherent demerits of the models. This study is focused on the employment of AI and ML techniques along with qualitative determinants in managing credit risk, drawing attention to the advantages and disadvantages and applications and implications for the financial service providers. The paper examines contemporary literature on modern methods of credit risk management and sheds light on the technological accuracy of credit risk calculations and automated decision-making processes alongside methods to alleviate biases. The study also outlines the sequential phases of the conventional models along with the regulatory and ethical considerations of AI-ML-driven credit risk assessment. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.