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Nonlinear 3D flow of Casson-Carreau fluids with homogeneousheterogeneous reactions: A comparative study
Nonlinear convective flow of magneto-Carreau-Casson liquids past a deformable surface under the aspects of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions is investigated. The present phenomenon also included the interaction of nonlinear radiation, Ohmic and Joule dissipations. At moderate to high temperature, the nonlinear convection and radiation are significant. The governed nonlinear system is illustrated numerically via Runge-Kutta based shooting scheme in the domain [0,?). Role of significant parameters on flow fields as well as on the fiction factor, heat and mass transportation rates are determined and discussed in depth. Comparison is done for distinct flow fields of Carreau and Casson fluids. It is evaluated that the velocities of Casson liquid are higher in comparison to Carreau fluid model. However, liquid temperature for Casson fluid model is weaker in comparison to Carreau fluid. 2017 -
Numerical investigation of two-phase mixed convection flow of particulate oldroyd-B fluid with non-linear thermal radiation and convective boundary condition
The present investigation addresses the mixed convection two-phase flow of dusty Oldroyd-B fluid towards a vertical stretching surface in the presence of convective boundary condition and nonlinear thermal radiation. The fluid and dust particles motion is coupled only in the course of drag and heat transfer between them. The Stokes linear drag theory is employed to model the drag force. The numerical solutions based on the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme with shooting method are presented for both fluid and particle phase velocity and temperature fields. Further, numerical results are obtained for skin friction factor and local Nusselt number of prescribed values of pertinent parameters. The results are presented graphically and the physical aspects of the problem are analyzed. The obtained results are validated with existing results and found to be in good agreement. It is established that the mass concentration of the dust particle parameter plays a key role in controlling flow and thermal behaviour of non-Newtonian fluids. An asymptotic state occurs in the rate of heat transfer for larger values of the Biot number. It is also proved that the significance of radiation effect in nonlinear form is outstanding in comparison with the traditional linear radiation effect. The momentum boundary layer thickness for both fluid and dust phase become loftier due to the consequence of buoyancy force. 2018 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland. -
Hall effect on two-phase radiated flow of magneto-dusty-nanoliquid with irregular heat generation/consumption
Impacts of Hall current and irregular heat generation/consumption on two-phase flow of dusty-nanofluid are scrutinized. Particulate nanofluid saturates the stretched surface. Heat transfer mechanism is studied via radiative heating and viscous dissipation aspects. The nanoliquid is a carrier fluid and dust (micro-sized fine particles) particles are suspended in it. Governed equations are remodeled in the form of ordinary differential system using stretching transformations. Numeric solutions are developed via Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme. The influence of pertinent parameters on both nanofluid and particle phase flow fields are studied through graphs. The friction factor and Nusselt number are also studied. It is established that the Hall current has a significant impact on thermal flow fields. The irregular heat generation/consumption aspect is constructive for the heating process. 2017 -
Effects of hall current on transient flow of dusty fluid with nonlinear radiation past a convectively heated stretching plate
Influence of Hall current on flow and heat transfer of dusty fluid over a convectively heated stretching plate in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation is explored in this paper. The unsteadiness in the flow and temperature fields is because of the time-dependent stretching velocity and surface temperature. Suitable similarity transformations are used to convert the governing partial differential equations of momentum and thermal energy to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Consequent equations are solved by using shooting method. The details of the velocities, temperatures, local Nusselt number as well as local skin friction for various parameters such as unsteadiness parameter, thermal radiation, Hall effects, Biot number, Eckert number, Prandtl number and magnetic parameter are presented graphically and discussed in detail. 2018 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland. -
Hall effects on dusty nanofluid two-phase transient flow past a stretching sheet using KVL model
The influence of Hall current on the time-dependent flow of nanofluid in the presence of dust particles is investigated. The water-based copper nanoliquid containing fine dust particles occupies a stretching surface. The effective thermal conductivity and the viscosity of the nanoliquid are estimated by KVL (Khanafer-Vafai-Lightstone) model. The notion of boundary layer approximation is employed to model the governing equations for both nanofluid and dust phases. Similarity transformations are employed to obtain ordinary differential equations from the governed partial differential equations. The numeric solutions are developed via Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme. The graphical illustrations are to explain the impacts of the governing parameters on flow fields. It is established that the nanofluid's Nusselt number increases due to the suspension of dust particles. An enhancement of heat transfer rate has a direct relationship with Hall current and unsteadiness. 2018 Elsevier B.V. -
Entropy generation and heat transport analysis of Casson fluid flow with viscous and Joule heating in an inclined porous microchannel
The combined effects of the magnetic field, suction/injection, and convective boundary condition on heat transfer and entropy generation in an electrically conducting Casson fluid flow through an inclined porous microchannel are scrutinized. The temperature-dependent heat source is also accounted. Numerical simulation for the modelled problem is presented via RungeKuttaFelhberg-based shooting technique. Special attention is given to analyze the impact of involved parameters on the profiles of velocity (u(?)), temperature (?(?)), entropy generation (Ns), and Bejan number (Be.) It is established that entropy generation rate decreases at the walls with an increase in Hartmann number (M), while it increases at the center region of the microchannel. IMechE 2019. -
Probing the formation of megaparsec-scale giant radio galaxies: I. Dynamical insights from magnetohydrodynamic simulations
Context. Constituting a relatively small fraction of the extended-jetted population, giant radio galaxies (GRGs) form in a wide range of jet and environment configurations. This observed diversity complicates the identification of the growth factors that facilitate their attainment of megaparsec scales. Aims. This study aims to numerically investigate the hypothesized formation mechanisms of GRGs extending ?1 Mpc in order to assess their general applicability. Methods. We employed tri-axial ambient medium settings to generate varying levels of jet frustration and simulated jets with a low and a high power from different locations in the environment. This approach formulated five representations evolving under a relativistic magnetohydrodynamic framework. Results. The emergence of distinct giant phases in all five simulated scenarios suggests that GRGs may be more common than previously believed. This prediction can be verified with contemporary and forthcoming radio telescopes. We find that different combinations of jet morphology, power, and evolutionary age of the formed structure hold the potential to elucidate different formation scenarios. In all of these cases, the lobes are overpressured, prompting further investigation into pressure profiles when jet activity ceases, potentially distinguishing between relic and active GRGs. We observed a potential phase transition in GRGs marked by differences in lobe expansion speed and pressure variations compared to their smaller evolutionary phases. This suggests the need for further investigation across a broader parameter space to determine if lobe evolution in GRGs fundamentally differs from smaller radio galaxies. The axial ratio analysis reveals self-similar expansion in rapidly propagating jets, while there is a notable deviation when the jet forms wider lobes. Overall, this study emphasizes that multiple growth factors simultaneously at work can better elucidate the current-day population of GRGs, including scenarios such as the growth of GRGs in dense environments, GRGs extending several megaparsecs, development of GRGs in low-powered jets, and the formation of morphologies such as GRG-XRGs. The Authors 2025. -
Automated and Interpretable Fake News Detection With Explainable Artificial Intelligence
Fake news is a piece of misleading or forged information that affects society, business, governments, etc., hence is an imperative issue. The solution presented here to detect fake news involves purely using rigorous machine learning approaches in implementing a hybrid of simple yet accurate fake text detection models and fake image detection models to detect fake news. The solution considers the text and images of any news article, extracted using web scraping, where the text segment of a news article is analyzed using an ensemble model of the Nae Bayes, Random Forest, and Decision Tree classifier, which showed improved results than the individual models. The image segment of a news article is analyzed using only a Convolution Neural Network, which showed optimal accuracy similar to the text model. To better train the text models, data preprocessing and aggregation methods were used to combine various fake-real news datasets to have ample amounts of data. Similarly, the CASIA dataset was used to train the image model, over which Error Level Analysis was performed to detect fake images. model results are represented as confusion matrices and are measured using various performance metrics. Also, to explain predictions from the hybrid model, Explainable Artificial Intelligence is used. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Exploring the Psychosocial Challenges and Strengths of Indigent Adolescents: A Reflexive Thematic Analysis of Counsellors Insights
Background: The Bronfenbrenner bioecological model of human development provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the complex interactions between individual factors and environmental influences on adolescent mental health, such as limited access to resources, exposure to violence and trauma, and parental neglect. While discussing the challenges faced by at-risk adolescents, it is important to focus on the strengths of resilient adolescents living in similar conditions. These individual differences are the precursors in determining their futures. Methods: The present study aimed to explore the psychosocial challenges and strengths of indigent adolescents. Eight counselors who had been working with indigent adolescents for at least three years in school or NGO settings were identified through a snowball sampling design and interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Results: Reflexive thematic analysis of the interviews was done using Braun and Clarks protocol to identify themes. Challenges faced by indigent adolescents were a lack of parental supervision, vulnerability to cybercrime, emotional dysregulation, engagement in drug use, ambiguity in life aspirations and career goals, and societal mistrust and bias. The strengths identified were empathy, reconciliation dynamics and forgiveness, a yearning for change, a love of learning, help-seeking and help-providing behavior, attachment to religion and festivals, and a sense of gratitude and hopefulness, which indigent resilient adolescents display to navigate through their challenging lives. A detailed discussion of these challenges and strengths, along with their various dynamics, has also been provided. Conclusion: Identifying both the difficulties and strengths of indigent adolescents would promote more strength-based approaches to preventive and promotive mental health programs. 2024 The Author(s). -
Evaluating the role of soil EPS in modifying the toxicity potential of the mixture of polystyrene nanoplastics and xenoestrogen, Bisphenol A (BPA) in Allium cepa L.
The coexistence of emerging pollutants like nanoplastics and xenoestrogen chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA) raises significant environmental concerns. While the individual impacts of BPA and polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) on plants have been studied, their combined effects are not well understood. This study examines the interactions between eco-corona formation, physicochemical properties, and cyto-genotoxic effects of PSNPs and BPA on onion (Allium cepa) root tip cells. Eco-corona formation was induced by exposing BPA-PSNP mixtures to soil extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and changes were analyzed using 3D-EEM, TEM, FTIR, hydrodynamic diameter, and contact angle measurements. Onion roots were treated with BPA (2.5, 5, and 10 mgL-1) combined with plain, aminated, and carboxylated PSNPs (100 mgL-1), with and without EPS interaction. Toxicity was assessed via cell viability, oxidative stress markers (superoxide radical, total ROS, hydroxyl radical), lipid peroxidation, SOD and catalase activity, mitotic index, and chromosomal abnormalities. BPA alone increased cytotoxic and genotoxic parameters in a dose-dependent manner. BPA with aminated PSNPs exhibited the highest toxicity among the pristine mixtures, revealing increased chromosomal abnormalities, oxidative stress, and cell mortality with rising BPA concentrations. In-silico experiments demonstrated the relationship between superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase enzymes, PSNPs, BPA, and their mixtures. EPS adsorption notably reduced cyto-genotoxic effects, lipid peroxidation, and ROS levels, mitigating the toxicity of BPA-PSNP mixtures. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Empowering E-commerce: Leveraging Open AI and Sentiment Analysis for Smarter Recommendations
Online product reviews are pivotal in shaping consumer purchasing decisions in today's digital era. Leveraging the wealth of sentiment-rich data available through these reviews, this research proposes an approach to enhance product recommendation systems. This study integrates sentiment analysis techniques into the recommendation process to provide users with more personalized and insightful product recommendations. By analyzing the sentiment expressed in user-generated content, such as reviews and ratings, this system aims to capture not only the explicit preferences but also the underlying sentiments and emotions of users towards products. Furthermore, this system utilizes OpenAI and the power of Langchain to develop a chatbot interface, enabling users to interact naturally and receive personalized product recommendations based on their preferences and sentiment analysis. Through experimentation on real-world datasets, this paper evaluates the effectiveness and performance of the sentiment-enhanced recommendation system compared to traditional recommendation methods. The results demonstrate the potential of sentiment analysis in improving the relevance, accuracy, and user satisfaction of product recommendations. 2024 IEEE. -
Model between mind share branding factors and trustworthiness /
Patent Number: 202111055024, Applicant: Dr.Vikas Singla.
The importance of Mindshare branding (MB) strategy in building long-term and sustainable psychological links with consumers had been sufficiently highlighted in literature. However, very few research attempted to provide a structured tool for its measurement. This study proposed a 13-point four-factor multidimensional scale which could be used to measure MB formally. Dimensions measuring MB were derived from literature and then examined on different brands in order to achieve a reliable and valid scale. -
Method of enhancing quality of services in cloud computing environment using load balancer /
Patent Number: 202211006218, Applicant: Dr. Pratibha Giri. -
Brand review scale for brand management /
Patent Number: 202211039578, Applicant: Dr. Mahesh Chandra Joshi.
Big firms have enough resources for various activities such as branding, market research, innovation, product development etc. which are very important for survival and growth of an organization. Small firms also wish to execute these activities but many times resource constraints refrain them form activities like market research which either requires inhouse research team or hiring of external agency for the task. -
Mayfly Algorithm for Optimal Integration of Hybrid Photovoltaic / Battery Energy Storage / D-STATCOM System for Islanding Operation
In today's power system design studies, autonomous and self-healing capabilities are becoming increasingly important. Renewable energy (RE) integration, on the other hand, is geared at long-term sustainability. In this regard, a hybrid energy system consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) source, battery energy storage (BESS), and distribution-static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) is proposed for optimal design and integration in the electrical distribution network (EDN) when short-term islanding operational requirements are taken into account. When considering grid-connected mode, the PV system is initially optimally allocated towards loss minimization. Following that, the capacities of BESS and D-STATCOM are assessed in the context of a short-term islanding scenario. The optimization problem is tackled utilising a recent meta-heuristic mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) in both stages. The simulations are run on an IEEE 33-bus EDN network. By having optimal PV system in grid-connected mode, it is observed that real power losses are reduced to 111.03 kW from 210.998 kW and reactive power losses are reduced to 81.684 kVAr from 143.033 kVAr. In addition, the minimum voltage in the network is raised to 0.9424 p.u. from 0.9038 p.u. On the other hand, by designing hybrid energy systems using PV, BESS, and D-STATCOM, the network is able to serve the entire load even under islanding conditions. MOA's competitiveness in solving difficult non-linear multivariable optimization problems was demonstrated in comparative research with literature publications. In addition, the proposed hybrid energy system can cope with the uncertainties and other requirements of current grids. 2022. All Rights Reserved. -
Spectral and temporal features of GX 13+1 as revealed by AstroSat
GX 13+1, a neutron star low-mass X-ray binary that exhibits the properties of both atoll and Z sources, is studied using data from Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) onboard AstroSat. The source traces a ? shaped track in its hardness-intensity diagram (HID). Spectral modelling of the data in the 0.7-30.0 keV energy range, with the model-+, yields orbital inclination angle (?) of 77. Flux resolved spectral analysis reveals the ? shaped pattern in the plots of spectral parameters kTe, kTbb, and ? versus Fbol, closely resembling the pattern traced in LAXPC HID. This indicates changes in the spectral properties of the corona and the boundary layer/accretion disc. Assuming that the accretion disc truncates at the AlfvCrossed D sign n radius, the upper limit of the magnetic field strength (B) at the poles of neutron star in GX 13+1 is calculated to be 5.10 108 G (for kA = 1 and ? = 0.1), which is close to that of atoll sources. Furthermore, thickness of the boundary layer is estimated to be 5.70 km, which results in the neutron star radius value of 14.50 km. Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) at 56 4 and 54 4 Hz are detected in Regions D and E of HID, respectively. The frequencies of these QPOs are similar to the characteristic frequency of horizontal branch oscillation and these do not exhibit a positive correlation with mass accretion rate. -
Supply chain leadership in emerging markets: Understanding the role of trust, information management, and collaboration
The massive growth of emerging economies in last two decades has attracted many global companies to expand their physical presence in these countries. But the ability to take advantage of those opportunities is only available to companies that appreciate the environmental challenges and complexity of the region. The lexicon of extant literature focuses on enhancing supply chain leadership and development of efficient and effective strategies in developed economies, yet the corresponding literature in emerging economies is very fragmented. The aim of this chapter is to synthesize the current literature to understand the phenomenon including its definitions, dimensions, and constructs and to propose a conceptual model for successful supply chain leadership in emerging markets. The study tries to understand and establish the impact of various factors of supply chain leadership, which leads to sustainable supply chain performance. Collaboration and information management emerge as the major drivers for supply chain leadership in emerging markets and identifies trust as a mediating factor. 2020 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Mining the web data for classifying and predicting users' requests
Consumers are the most important asset of any organization. The commercial activity of an organization booms with the presence of a loyal customer who is visibly content with the product and services being offered. In a dynamic market, understanding variations in client?s behavior can help executives establish operative promotional campaigns. A good number of new consumers are frequently picked up by traders during promotions. Though, several of these engrossed consumers are one-time deal seekers, the promotions undeniably leave a positive impact on sales. It is crucial for traders to identify who can be converted to loyal consumer and then have them patronize products and services to reduce the promotion cost and increase the return on investments. This study integrates a classifier that allows prediction of the type of purchase that a customer would make, as well as the number of visits that he/she would make during a year. The proposed model also creates outlines of users and brands or items used by them. These outlines may not be useful only for this particular prediction task, but could also be used for other important tasks in e-commerce, such as client segmentation, product recommendation and client base growth for brands. Copyright 2018 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Toxic waste colonialism : A re-evaluation of global management of transboundary hazardous waste /
Journal On Environment Law Policy And Development, Vol.3, pp.85-119, ISSN: 2348-7046. -
Parental Psychological Distress of Missed Diagnosis of Down Syndrome at Antenatal Screening: A Rare, but Still Real Occurrence-A Case Report and Review of Literature
Introduction: Prenatal screening programs are important components for pregnant women care and are often linked with grief and shock based on gestational age or the diagnosis. Lower/no sensitivity is also associated with these screening programs leading to providing false-negative outputs. Case Presentation: Present work shows a case of missed antenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome and its persistant medical and psychological impact on the family members. We have also discussed the relevant economic and medical-legal issues related to the context and aimed to maintain an adequate awareness among healthcare to discuss properly these investigations (difference between screening and diagnostic testing), their possible outcome (chances of false results) and enabled the pregnant women/couple to take informed decision on early pregnancy. Conclusion: These programs are considered as routine clinical practice in many countries from last few years and are necessary to assess the pros and cons of these programs. One of the prime cons involves the likeliness of obtaining a false-negative result due to lack of 100% sensitivity and specificity. 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel.