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Stiffness of a single layered cable assembly over a sheave with internal friction
The stiffness response of a single layered helical strand with a straight core surrounded by a layer of six helical wires has been made with improved relations of wire curvatures & twist and with internal friction considerations. The stranded cable undergoes a constant curvature bending over a sheave/pulley under static loading conditions and experiences the combinations of tension, torsion and bending loadings. A new analytical model has been developed for the cable in contact with the pulley/sheave using thin rod theory under linear elastic conditions. The stiffness coefficients of the cable are evaluated in free bending and constrained bending modes. The resulting wire strains are evaluated and compared with the experimental results. IAEME Publication -
Improved Random Forest Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks' Distributed Channel and Resource Allocation Performance
Modified Random Forest (MRF) machine learning algorithm aimed at improving the distributed channel allocation and resource allocation performance in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The purpose of this research is to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of CRNs by optimizing the allocation of channels and resources. The proposed MRF algorithm is developed by adapting and modifying the random forest technique to address the specific challenges of CRN allocation. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the MRF algorithm achieves higher accuracy and efficiency compared to existing routing techniques and channel allocation algorithms like ACO and PSO. It exhibits a high packet delivery ratio, increased throughput, and reduced delay in channel selection, thus improving the overall performance of CRNs.The implications of this research are twofold. On a theoretical level, this study contributes to the field by extending the capabilities of the random forest algorithm and adapting it to the domain of CRNs. The modified algorithm demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques in addressing allocation challenges in wireless communication systems. The findings emphasize the importance of advanced algorithms in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of channel and resource allocation processes. 2023, Success Culture Press. All rights reserved. -
Content analysis of Shyamprasad films /
Shyamaprasad is a renowned Malayalam film maker popular for his unique and refreshing style of film making. He is well known for the themes he employs in his films which make them stand apart. This research consists of an in depth analysis of all twelve films made by the film maker using various parameters. The parameters that are considered are themes, characters, underlying ideas, setting, conflicts and emotions. -
Application of AI in Determining the Strategies for the Startups
Startups face unique challenges in developing viable strategies to create a competitive advantage and achieve long-term success in today's rapid and global business climate. Using tools powered by AI and algorithms, startups may harness massive amounts of data, generate relevant insights, and make intelligent choices across a variety of business processes. The research begins with an examination of the fundamental concepts beneath AI and how they are used in the business sector. It illustrates how organizations may simplify and improve important activities such as market research, customer segmentation, and trend analysis using artificial intelligence (AI), natural language understanding (NLU), as well as predictive analytics. The report also delves into extensive case studies and real-world examples of businesses that have effectively integrated AI into their business decision-making processes. These examples highlight the practical benefits of AI-driven insights that include enhanced resource allocation, customer targeting, as well as operational performance. It highlights the importance of ethical AI methodologies, transparency, and safeguards to ensure unbiased and fair decision-making. Finally, this study demonstrates how AI has the potential to profoundly transform how entrepreneurs design and implement their strategies. By leveraging AI-driven perspectives, startups may handle complex market dynamics with more precision and agility, increasing their chances of enduring and succeeding in a competitive business climate. The study's findings provide a road map for organizations wishing to apply AI in strategic decision-making processes. 2024 IEEE. -
Stir Speed and Reinforcement Effects on Tensile Strength in Al-Based Composites
This study focuses on the preparation of Al-based hybrid composites using AA7475 as the main alloy reinforced with two materials, ZrO2 and SiC. The combination of stir-squeeze processing techniques was employed to create various specimens by varying four parameters: Stir-speed, Stir-time, reinforcements, and squeeze pressure. Taguchi design was utilized to generate specimens for analyzing their mechanical properties, specifically tensile strength, hardness, and porosity.The results indicated that the highest porosity (4.44%) was observed in the L16 test, with a combination of 700rpm stir speed, 25 mins stir time, 2wt% reinforcements, and 80MPa squeeze pressure. On the other hand, the lowest porosity (2.61%) was found in the L7 test, with 800rpm stir speed, 30 mins stir time, 2wt% reinforcements, and 100 MPa squeeze pressure.Regarding tensile strength (UTS), the maximum value (285.23MPa) was achieved in the L13 experiment, while the minimum value (187.58 MPa) was observed in the L1 experiment. This variation in UTS can be attributed to the applied load, the strengthening effect of the reinforcements, and the grain size of SiC. 2024 E3S Web of Conferences -
Stormy minds and the long-term mental health impact of climate-linked natural disasters
This chapter delves into the enduring psychological ramifications stemming from climate-linked natural disasters, encapsulated in the term "Stormy Minds." As our planet grapples with an escalating frequency of such events, understanding the protracted effects on mental health becomes imperative. This abstract provides an insightful overview of the research, focusing on the intricate interplay between climate-induced disasters and the long-term well-being of individuals. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, the study explores the psychological dimensions of enduring stress, anxiety, and trauma caused by these disasters. By assessing and documenting the persistent mental health impact, the research aims to contribute valuable insights for policymakers, mental health professionals, and communities striving to build resilience in the face of an increasingly turbulent climate. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Natural Language Processing (NLP) in chatbot design: NLP's impact on chatbot architecture
The creation and development of chatbots, which are the prevalent manifestations of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies in today's digital world, are built on Natural Language Processing (NLP), which serves as a cornerstone in the process. This chapter investigates the significant part that natural language processing (NLP) plays in determining the development and effectiveness of chatbots, beginning with their beginnings as personal virtual assistants and continuing through their seamless incorporation into messaging platforms and smart home gadgets. The study delves into the technological complexities and emphasizes the problems and improvements in natural language processing (NLP) algorithms and understanding (NLU) systems. These systems are essential in enabling chatbots to grasp context, decode user intent, and provide replies that are contextually appropriate in real time. In spite of the substantial progress that has been made, chatbots continue to struggle with constraints. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Designing an efficient and scalable relational database schema: Principles of design for data modeling
Relational databases are a critical component of modern software applications, providing a reliable and scalable method for storing and managing data. A well-designed database schema can enhance the performance and flexibility of applications, making them more efficient and easier to maintain. Data modeling is an essential process in designing a database schema, and it involves identifying and organizing data entities, attributes, and relationships. In this chapter, the authors discuss the principles of designing an efficient and scalable relational database schema, with a focus on data modeling techniques. They explore the critical aspects of normalization, data types, relationships, indexes, and denormalization, as well as techniques for optimizing database queries and managing scalability challenges. The principles discussed in this chapter can be applied to various database management systems and can be useful for designing a schema that meets the demands of modern data-intensive applications. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Revolutionizing lifelong learning AI, virtual, and augmented reality in education
The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the revolutionary effects that artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) have had on the educational environment, specifically with regard to the revolutionization of lifelong learning. It investigates the ways in which the incorporation of cuttingedge technology is changing conventional instructional approaches, therefore providing students with individualized and immersive educational experiences. The conversation focuses on the inclusive and dynamic character of education that is made possible by artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality, while also addressing problems such as the limitations of technology and ethical implications. It is emphasized that in order to fully realize the potential of modern technologies in the field of education, it is necessary for educators, legislators, and technologists to work together. This abstract offers a succinct overview of the ways in which artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality are profoundly changing paradigms of lifelong learning. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Exploring best practices in mobile app design patterns and tools: A user-centered approach
Design patterns are reusable solutions to common design problems that provide a consistent user experience across different apps. This article explores the best practices in mobile app design patterns and tools with a focus on the user-centered approach to design. Design patterns such as navigation bars, tab bars, list views, and card views are discussed, along with design tools such as Sketch, Figma, Adobe XD, and InVision. The problem is to ensure that mobile app design is centered around the needs and preferences of the user, rather than the designer or the technology, and that the right design patterns and tools are used to create interfaces that are familiar and easy to use. The chapter emphasizes the importance of conducting user research to understand the needs and preferences of the target audience and using design patterns and tools to create interfaces that are familiar and easy to use. Mobile apps have become an integral part of our lives, and designing a successful mobile app is a challenging task that requires a thorough understanding of user needs and preferences. 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Navigating the intersection of global climate change and mental health
The ecological equilibrium of the globe is under grave danger from the unprecedented global climate change problem, which has far-reaching consequences for both human society and the natural world. The complex relationship between climate change and mental health is discussed in this abstract, along with its direct and indirect effects, the ways in which different groups are vulnerable, strategies for coping, policy implications, and potential directions for further study. Direct trauma and post-traumatic stress disorders are direct outcomes of immediate effects, such as severe weather occurrences and the evacuation of entire communities. At the same time, widespread eco-anxiety is overwhelming people's minds and leading to persistent uneasiness. This abstract dives into the mental toll, looking at how indigenous people, youth, and children experience cultural displacement and forced migration, as well as the grieving over biodiversity loss. A wide range of responses, from mindfulness practices on an individual level to community-based resilience programs, are emerging in response to the climate crisis. The abstract highlights the importance of education in fostering understanding and resilience, particularly among younger generations. It stresses the importance of international cooperation and calls for the inclusion of mental health concerns in climate change strategies 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Role of digital technologies to combat COVID-19 pandemic
Purpose: The unexpected epidemic of the latest coronavirus in 2019, known as COVID-19 by the Globe, a number of governments worldwide have been put in a vulnerable situation by the World Health Organization. The effect of the COVID-19 outbreak, previously experienced by Chinas citizens alone, has now become more pronounced. For practically every nation in the world, this is a matter of grave concern. The lack of assets to withstand the infection of COVID-19, mixed with the perception of overwhelmed medical mechanisms, pressured a number of places in a state of partial or absolute lockdown. Design/methodology/approach: The medical photos such as computed tomography (CT) and X-ray playa key role in the worldwide battle against COVID-19, while artificial intelligence (AI) has recently appeared. The power of imaging is further increased by technology tools and support for medical specialists. In comparison to the related direct health effects because of the COVID-19 disaster, this research identifies its impacts on the overall society. Findings: This paper hereby examines the rapid answers in the medical imaging community toward COVID-19 (empowered by AI). For example, the acquisition of AI-empowered images will significantly assist automate the scanning process and reshape the procedure as well. AI, too, may improve the quality of the job by correctly delineating X-ray and CT image infections, promoting subsequent infections, quantification. In addition, computer-aided platforms support radiologists make medical choices, i.e. for illness tracking, diagnosis and prognosis. Originality/value: This research encompasses the whole medical imaging pipeline and methods for research related to COVID-19, include a collection of images, segmentation, diagnosis and monitoring. In drawing stuff to minimize the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic, this paper is investigating the use of technologies such as the internet of things, unmanned aerial vehicles, blockchain, AI, big data and 5G. 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Towards various applications of Big Data and related issues and challenges
A new trend in feature abstraction is Big Data Analysis combined with computational techniques. This includes gathering knowledge from reputable data sources, analyzing information quickly, and forecasting the future. Big data entails vast amounts of data that are challenging to analyze using typical database and software approaches. When using big data applications, a technological hurdle arises when transporting data across several locations, which is quite expensive and necessitates a huge primary memory for storing data for processing. Big data refers to the transaction and interaction of datasets whose size and complexity transcend the usual technical capabilities of acquiring, organizing, and processing data in a cloud environment. This article provides an in depth study of various applications of big data. It also provides a detailed view on various problems and challenges in Big Data. 2021 IEEE. -
Study on the influence of modified chitosan on the preservation of tiger prawn penaeus monodon
Native chitosan, irradiated chitosan (5kGy and 10 kGy) and grafted chitosan was characterized and employed for the preservation of sea food Penaeus monodon. The grafting of metha acrylate onto natural native polymer chitosan was executed and the configuration and arrangement of covalent bonds in the grafted chitosan was demonstrated by performing, SEM, XRD, FTIR, TG and DSC analyses. The modified chitosan conferred antioxidant and antibacterial potential equivalent to or better than that of the unmodified chitosan in the stored Penaeus monodon. Modified chitosan treated Penaeus monodon produced less TBARS and TVB values than the control group. 2020 Slovak University of Agriculture. -
Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclics
The synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds using heterogeneous catalysis is a topic of significant interest in organic synthesis and chemical research. Heterogeneous catalysis offers several advantages over homogeneous catalysis, including easier separation and recovery of the catalyst, reduced waste generation, and potentially higher stability and reusability. In this review, the pivotal role of heterogeneous catalysis in synthesizing nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds is explored. Various types of heterocycles and the specific applications of these compounds in drug discovery and material development are discussed in detail. This review discusses various examples of heterogeneous catalysts employed in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, including metal oxides, supported metals, metal nanoparticles, zeolites, and other porous materials. Emphasis is placed on the mechanistic insights and reaction pathways facilitated by different catalysts. Additionally, recent advancements and innovations in the field are discussed, including novel catalyst designs, green chemistry approaches, and emerging trends in catalytic materials. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact and potential of heterogeneous catalysis in this important area of organic synthesis. 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. -
Process of Emotion Regulation in Indian Couples During Gottmans Dreams-Within-Conflict Intervention: A Mixed-Methods Design Study
Gottman Couple Therapy (GCT) is based on 40 + years of empirical findings and advocates process research, enabling an understanding of how an intervention works. Dreams-within-Conflict (DWC) is a GCT technique that softens the stand on unresolvable issues by facilitating positive emotion regulation strategies such as expressing vulnerabilities, understanding, and soothing in place of destructive strategiessuch as criticism and defensiveness. The aim of the study is to understand the emotion regulation process during a one-session DWC intervention using a convergent parallel mixed-methods design examining N = 30 individuals (15 couples) during the DWC intervention. The changes in emotion regulation strategies (Extrinsic/Intrinsic affect Worsening/Improving strategiesEW, IW, EI, II) in partners were examined in the presence of individual characteristics of emotion regulation traits (cognitive-reappraisal and suppression) and beliefs using self-assessment questionnaires, feedback reports, thematic coding of video recordings, and a semi-structured interview. Paired-samplest-test results showed that DWC fosters emotion regulation strategies by significantly decreasing partners EW and increasing EI and II strategies. Though IW strategies declined during-DWC, the changes were not significant. Hierarchical linear modeling findings showed that before-DWC emotion regulation strategies, gender, and individual emotion regulation traits of cognitive-reappraisal and suppression predicted EI, and before-DWC strategies predicted II, but none of the variables predicted EW and IW during-DWC. To further understand the interventional implications, the emotional regulation strategies and preferences for expression (over suppression) shared by the Indian couples were examined using thematic analysis. The results show that avoidance, conflict behaviors, and prioritizing parents emotions over partners (in men) were the most often employed regulatory strategies. Simultaneously, Indian couples unanimously agreed that expression of emotions was a crucial factor for marital satisfaction. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
The Universal Dimensions of Change: A Systematic Review of Couple Techniques
One can find a rich set of empirically evaluated techniques across different schools in couple therapy over its evolution of five decades. Though there are multiple systematic reviews and analyses of couple intervention studies, none focus on reviewing the universal dimensions of change across therapeutic techniques. Understanding the common areas of change would enable integrated learning across therapy modalities for novice therapists. Therefore, the aim is to identify the techniques employed in couple intervention research and categorize their change dimensions. We examined 40 articles on couple interventions published across 16 journals and identified 111 techniques. The five therapeutic change dimensions, namely behavior, cognition, emotion, attachment, and holistic, were categorized based on the common factor integration of techniques. The identified techniques were further classified under the five dimensions using the voting procedure to validate the universality of change dimensions. 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
A Mixed-Methods Study on Experiencing in Indian Couples During Gottman's Intervention of Dreams-Within-Conflict
In Gottman Couple Therapy (GCT), the intervention of Dreams-within-Conflict (DWC) helps break down a gridlocked issue between couples through deeper emotional expression and experiencing (in-counseling exploration of emotions). The current study examined experiencing in a single session of DWC for N = 30 individuals (15 couples) using multiple methods such as self-assessment questionnaires, observation rating and coding of the video recording, and feedback interviews. The before and during DWC best experiencing video segments were selected and rated by two raters independently on the experiencing scale (ES) for partners. The changes in experiencing mode and peak scores (ESM and ESP) during DWC were investigated in the presence of individual characteristics of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) and relationship mindfulness traits. A paired-samples t-test showed a significant increase in experiencing for both partners. Hierarchical linear modeling analysis indicated that gender (women) significantly and positively predicted ESM. ESP was predicted positively by gender (women) and negatively by avoidance, though the results were not conclusive. Thematic analysis was used to look at the Indian couples' experiencing as shared by them in order to better grasp the therapeutic implications. The qualitative findings confirm the quantitative results that couples outside of intervention utilized experiencing levels 13 predominantly and moved to 34 levels during best experiencing segments of intervention. Couples reviewed positively to the emotional experiencing techniques used during the DWC intervention. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. -
Synergistic effects of graphene oxide grafted chitosan & decorated MnO2 nanorods composite materials application in efficient removal of toxic industrial dyes
In this study, we designed a heterogeneous graphene oxide (GO) grafted on chitosan decorated with MnO2 nanorods (?-MnO2NRs/GO-Chit) composite materials and its ability to remove the cationic and anionic toxic dyes from wastewaters were analysed. The synthesised materials presented an effective stabilization of active MnO2 nanorods (NRs) on the GO-Chit surface. The synthesised materials were detailed characterised by several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as, FT-IR, P-XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, TGA, XPS, BET, CO2-TPD and UVVisible analysis. In addition, ?-MnO2NRs/GO-Chit material is successfully applied in removal of industrial ionic dyes such as amido black 10B (AB) and methylene blue (MB), respectively. The dye adsorption experiments confirmed that the GO-Chit/?-MnO2 NRs material exhibited remarkably high adsorption capacity in efficient removal of cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye amido black 10B (AB). The maximum MB dye removal (97%) process completed in 24 min at C0 = 30 mgL?1, but in the case of AB the maximum dye removal (80%) process was reached in 700 min. Over GO-Chit/?-MnO2 NRs hybrid material, a maximum theoretical monolayer adsorption (qmax values is 328.9 mg g?1) of MB was calculated from the Langmuir isotherm equation. In case MB, a faster adsorption and 2.18 times maximum adsorption capacity was achieved than that of AB10 dye. The enhanced adsorption over ?-MnO2NRs/GO-Chit is due to the increased surface functionalities (i.e., oxygen-containing groups), high basicity and strong electrostatic forces between MnO2 nanorods and GO-Chit. Furthermore, ?-MnO2NRs/GO-Chit hybrid material displayed good stability after 10 successive adsorption tests. 2022 Elsevier Ltd -
New horizons in surface topography modulation of MXenes for electrochemical sensing toward potential biomarkers of chronic disorders /
Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, Vol.7, Issue 3, pp.1-43, ISSN No: 1547-6561.
MXenes are recently advanced two-dimensional layered nanomaterials that have various characteristic properties for developing electrochemical sensors for bioanalytical applications, such as hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, heightened ion transportation, and ease of functionalization. MXenes are revealed to be having applications in various other fields including energy storage, and catalysis. The combination of a layered structure, biocompatibility, and high surface functionalities makes MXene a highly versatile material for electrochemical sensing applications. The effect of various synthesis and functionalization strategies on tuning the properties of MXenes toward improving sensing abilities has been comprehensively discussed.