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Environmental hazards and disasters - A response towards mitigating disaster management
In today's world, our entire planet is under tremendous strain from various natural catastrophic events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, drastic weather changes, hurricanes, global warming, diminishing of glaciers, occurrences of landslides, etc. Such a difficult situation is encountered due to the overhasty extraction of non-renewable natural resources of our planet and the growing rate of presence of humans in the world. It affects the environment to a great extent. Such ventures lead the entire globe towards disastrous events which are irreversible and prepare us to face the worst situation. Hence, the policymakers should develop sophisticated policies focused on advanced disaster management technologies and adopt new methodologies. Several integrated research on disaster prevention programs is already being conducted, even though continuous exploration in this field aligned with all possible consequences is very important. The conclusions and suggestions from research papers will be carefully analyzed to drive the most effective approach to handling such atrocious situations. 2023 Author(s). -
Environmental integration in supply chains: Collaborative strategies for energy efficiency and waste reduction
The chapter looks at why producers, transporters and distributors work with both government and nonprofit institutions to fix environmental problems in their operations. Stakeholders who work together achieve energy savings through resource efficiency and maintain water resources in a sustainable manner. This chapter examines practical strategies like renewable energy adoption and energy efficiency upgrades plus reverse supply chains and circular systems. It shows how several groups must work together to manage their environmental efforts to reach common targets. A combination of joint target setting, open discussion sharing and Collaborative Planning Forecasting Replenishment (CPFR) is spotlighted. Governments and NGOs work together to create supportive laws plus offer money benefits with help businesses to join forces. This section shows how small and medium- sized enterprises can solve financial hurdles through collective investments and green financing. Through real- world examples and practical methods, the chapter creates a way to combine sustainability with supply chains 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
ENVIRONMENTAL JURISPRUDENCE IN INDIA: A JOURNEY TOWARDS ATTAINING ECO-CENTRIC IDEALS
Environmental Law has had a long, arduous journey in India, but has been able to keep up with the many changes that have taken place, around the globe, and has helped shape India's environmental legal regime. By tracing the growth of environmental law, through different ages, and by highlighting some of those factors, which have contributed immensely to its growth, the idea is to identify certain false grounds and figure out ways to make environmental law more effective. By looking at it through a sociocultural lens, the aim is to examine as to whether culture, tradition and rituals can be imbibed into law or given a legal recognition, and thereby giving more power to law. The development of Earth Jurisprudence principles and the way in which it is sought to be imbibed in India and the challenges that it faces too are discussed. 2022 Universitat Rovira i Virgili. All right reserved. -
Environmental justice and rural poverty: Socioeconomic drivers of environmental impact in the Indian Sundarbans
This study explores the complex relationship between environmental degradation and rural poverty through the perspective of environmental justice in the Indian Sundarbans. This region is recognized for its ecological richness but faces significant socio-economic vulnerabilities. Despite the areas abundant natural resources and biodiversity, rural poverty persists, shaping resource use patterns and environmental outcomes. The main objective is to examine how rural poverty affects the environment and to identify key socio-economic factors influencing ecosystem services in the region. A stratified sampling technique was used to select households and data were collected through structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Household-level CO2 emissions were estimated from domestic fuel and energy consumption. Results show nearly half of the household emissions come from burning firewood for cooking and heating. These practices not only release stored carbon but also reduce the regions carbon removal capacity, directly contributing to environmental degradation. The people of the Sundarbans pollute far less than the national average, but they face the harshest impacts of climate change: rising sea levels, salinity intrusion and ecosystem decline that highlighting a profound environmental injustice. Among rural households, the extremely poor emit more CO2 than the less poor because they depend on cutting trees to survive, further weakening the regions natural carbon sink. A log-linear regression model identifies education, dependency ratio, livelihood diversification and access to transport as major factors influencing natural resource-based income. The findings suggest that poverty, isolation and low education reinforce ecological stress, forming a povertyenvironment trap. This study argues that protecting the Sundarbans environmental integrity and enhancing its carbon sequestration potential are inseparable from improving human well-being. Achieving Indias net-zero target by 2070 requires policies that expand clean energy access, build human capabilities and ensure justice for communities who contribute least to emissions but suffer the most from climate disruption. Implications: This study emphasizes the urgent need to integrate poverty alleviation with environmental sustainability in climate-vulnerable regions like the Indian Sundarbans. Rural poverty contributes to environmental degradation by increasing dependence on forest resources, leading to unsustainable practices and higher CO? emissions. Low education levels, limited livelihood opportunities and inadequate infrastructure intensify both poverty and ecological stress. To tackle environmental degradation, it is essential to implement conservation efforts alongside interventions that improve education, enhance connectivity, diversify livelihoods and strengthen social protection. Aligning environmental justice with rural development can break the cycle of poverty and ecological damage, promoting long-term resilience and sustainability. 2025 Air & Waste Management Association. -
Environmental Management: Pragmatic Suitability of Low Cost Activated Carbon in Lead (II)Ion Removal by Continuous Mode of Adsorption
Heavy metals such as chromium, lead, and arsenic are usually present in trace amounts in natural waters but many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. An increasing quantity of heavy metals in our resources is currently an area of greater concern, especially since a large number of industries are discharging their metal containing effluents into freshwater without any adequate treatment. Activated carbons show a significant ability in removing heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution by adsorption, which has been examined by many researchers. Activated carbon derived from Manilkarazapota tree-wood (MZTWAC), which was found to be a suitable adsorbent for the removal of lead ions through continuous adsorption mode, was examined in this paper. A breakthrough curve has been plotted to find the effect of initial concentration and adsorbent bed height in the adsorption of lead (II)ion through MZTWAC. The breakthrough time and the saturation time increased as the initial concentration increased from 40 mg.L-1 to 60 mg.L-1. The saturation time was in the incremental mode when the bed height was increased from 5 cm to 7 cm bed thickness for 40 mg.L-1 concentration. Adams-Boharts model perfectly fits with this fixed-bed column in the removal of lead(II) from an aqueous solution using MZTWAC. Activated carbon derived from MZTWAC is better suited for the purpose of detoxifying metal-contaminated wastewater. 2021 Technoscience Publications. All rights reserved. -
Environmental Pollutants as Emerging Concerns for Cardiac Diseases: A Review on Their Impacts on Cardiac Health
Comorbidities related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and environmental pollution have emerged as serious concerns. The exposome concept underscores the cumulative impact of environmental factors, including climate change, air pollution, chemicals like PFAS, and heavy metals, on cardiovascular health. Chronic exposure to these pollutants contributes to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, further exacerbating the global burden of CVDs. Specifically, carbon monoxide (CO), ozone, particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), heavy metals, pesticides, and micro- and nanoplastics have been implicated in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through various mechanisms. PM2.5 exposure leads to inflammation and metabolic disruptions. Ozone and CO exposure induce oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. NO2 exposure contributes to cardiac remodeling and acute cardiovascular events, and sulfur dioxide and heavy metals exacerbate oxidative stress and cellular damage. Pesticides and microplastics pose emerging risks linked to inflammation and cardiovascular tissue damage. Monitoring and risk assessment play a crucial role in identifying vulnerable populations and assessing pollutant impacts, considering factors like age, gender, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle disorders. This review explores the impact of cardiovascular disease, discussing risk-assessment methods, intervention strategies, and the challenges clinicians face in addressing pollutant-induced cardiovascular diseases. It calls for stronger regulatory policies, public health interventions, and green urban planning. 2025 by the authors. -
Environmental Reporting Practices : Evidence From Indian Commercials Banks
The last decade has witnessed increasing concern towards the environment due to the ravages inflicted on them by mankind. With the concept of sustainable development perpetually growing over the years, global institutions have been acknowledging their other duties towards the society, and have been integrating environmental practices into their strategic framework to significantly contribute to the sustainable bandwagon. However, since the financial crisis of newline2008, it has been found that banking institutions have become active participants in fostering environmental sustainability. Also, due to the increased awareness and pressure from the stakeholders, these institutions have been reporting their environmental initiatives and practices in their bank reports and websites. The extensive review of the literature reveals that there are hardly any studies that have been carried out in the Indian context, pertinently in the banking sector. Therefore, considering this as a major research gap, the present study aims to comprehensively evaluate the environmental reporting practices of selected commercial banks in India for the period from 2011 to 2022. newlineThis study follows an explorative and descriptive research design, with a deductive research approach. However, this research is based on secondary data, and adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Following the judgmental sampling technique, the sample of the study consists of thirty public and private commercial banks in India. The content analysis technique has been adopted to extract environmental information from bank reports and websites using the developed environmental reporting index. The independent sample t-test is newlineused to compare the environmental reporting performance of public and private-sector newlinecommercial banks. This study analyses the relationship between environmental reporting and bank-specific characteristics using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. -
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Environmental sensors: Safeguarding the ecosystem by monitoring sanitary pad disposal
This chapter focuses on the applications of environmental sensors in general and their role in identifying and addressing the issues related to the improper disposal of sanitary pads, which is a growing concern. It also gives an overview of the pollutants associated with it, and the role that environmental sensors can play in mitigating this problem. By harnessing the power of advanced sensing technologies, we can gain a better understanding of the environmental impact of sanitary pad disposal and work towards sustainable solutions. This chapter aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for researchers and practitioners working to create a cleaner and healthier environment and generate self-awareness for individuals in safeguarding ecosystem. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Environmental sustainability and management (ES & EM) practices among Service Sector Institutions in Kathmandu, Nepal
Environmental sustainability (ES) emerged in response to the felt negative consequences of overexploitation of the environment and natural resources. ES has gained momentum in recent decades in areas of social policy, means of production, development, economy and everyday individual behaviours. The drive towards ES has been firmly based in scientific research which has been dominated by Western developed countries. For a tiny developing country like Nepal, its overall contribution to global environmental pollution and degradation is minimal; however, it has been disproportionately negatively affected by global warming, pollution, etc. There is sparse research on the various measures or state of environmental sustainability standards, policies or behaviours in Nepal. In this quantitative cross-sectional study, five types of Service Sector Institutions (SSI) from Kathmandu, Nepal were studied for their environmental sustainability (ES) and environment management (EM) measures in place at their facilities. SSIs were chosen because they have the distinct characteristic of being directly involved with large sections of populations, and hence hold the potential to pioneer innovative and effective solutions towards fostering environmental sustainability. ES was defined in terms of three measures related to sustainable freshwater use, energy use and waste management. The measures for EM included organizational capacity building and attitudes towards ES. Data was collected directly from representatives of the SSIs through self-report interviews or forms. The 104 SSIs included 25 schools, 26 restaurants, 16 hotels/lodges, 18 banks and 17 health care organizations. Based on frequency distributions and ANOVA tests, it was found that the overall extent of ES and EM practices among the 102 SSIs was dismally low in Kathmandu, Nepal. As given in the figure, educational institutions performed significantly better across all five ES and EM measures indicating highest prevalence of sustainability measures and practices. Banks performed significantly worst across all categories compared to the four other SSIs, indicating least amount of efforts in ES and EM. All five measures of environmental sustainability (ES) and environmental management (EM) were also strongly positively correlated amongst each other. A huge amount of effort is still required to revamp the existing ES and EM policies and organizational norms in Nepal. Moreover, it remaining challenging to change peoples attitudes and behaviours in order to effect lasting positive changes in the future and conserve the local environment better. The Author(s) 2025. -
Environmental Sustainability in Tourism : Developing Green Service Transportation Intiatives in Karnataka
Environmental sustainability in transportation aims to decrease carbon emissions and preserve resources, while ensuring that the rise of tourism is in harmony with ecological preservation. Adopting sustainable mobility in ecotourism destinations entails utilizing renewable energy sources and enhancing green transport systems, thereby benefiting both environmental preservation and visitor contentment. This study investigates the dynamics of green transportation practices within the context of ecotourism destinations, focusing on Karnataka, India. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys with newlinequalitative interviews of tourism logistics service providers. Through exploratory factor analysis, the study identifies key factors influencing green initiatives, drivers, and challenges faced by tourism logistics service providers. Hypothesis testing and path analysis affirm the relationships among internal initiatives, external drivers, challenges, and environmental sustainability newlineperception. The qualitative analysis extracts insights from tourism logistics service providers, tourism stakeholders revealing diverse perspectives on progress, green initiatives, challenges, and government support. The study concludes with a roadmap for sustainable tourism development, emphasizing policy formulation, feasibility assessment, stakeholder collaboration, newlineand tourist education. The implications and recommendations underscore the need for ongoing government intervention, infrastructure development, and community engagement to foster a holistic and sustainable approach to green transportation in ecotourism destinations. -
Environmental value development among preadolescents: a content analysis of reflective responses
Addressing the environmentally detrimental values prevalent in society in the context of rapid climate change is the need of the hour. Combining empathy with cognitive skills such as reflective thinking effectively creates new values among people. The present study attempts to reveal the pattern of environmental value development among 33 preadolescents by reflecting upon the empathy-generating story experiences and the related contents. The study is part of a more extensive quasi-experimental study, and it specifically performs a content analysis on the participants responses in their workbooks. Biospheric nature-related values are the most highly developed, and social justice is the least developed value, implying the need to focus more on the value of social justice. Stories are aids, and reflective thinking and empathetic elicitation are effective techniques for passing environmental values. Empathy generation instead of negative emotions from self-concern and emotion regulation through reflective thinking may be helpful to promote well-being in the context of climate change. Reflective thinking helps environmental value development by enhancing comprehension, emotion regulation, and self-awareness of values, implying a shift from telling the moral of a story to exploring the same through reflective thinking. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Environmental value development among preadolescents: a content analysis of reflective responses
Addressing the environmentally detrimental values prevalent in society in the context of rapid climate change is the need of the hour. Combining empathy with cognitive skills such as reflective thinking effectively creates new values among people. The present study attempts to reveal the pattern of environmental value development among 33 preadolescents by reflecting upon the empathy-generating story experiences and the related contents. The study is part of a more extensive quasi-experimental study, and it specifically performs a content analysis on the participants responses in their workbooks. Biospheric nature-related values are the most highly developed, and social justice is the least developed value, implying the need to focus more on the value of social justice. Stories are aids, and reflective thinking and empathetic elicitation are effective techniques for passing environmental values. Empathy generation instead of negative emotions from self-concern and emotion regulation through reflective thinking may be helpful to promote well-being in the context of climate change. Reflective thinking helps environmental value development by enhancing comprehension, emotion regulation, and self-awareness of values, implying a shift from telling the moral of a story to exploring the same through reflective thinking. 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Environmentally conscious synthesis of novel pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines via ternary deep eutectic solvents
Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and its analogues have gained considerable courtesy because of their diverse biological functions and wide-ranging applications, from pharmaceutical agents to essential natural pigments. However, synthesising pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine with multiple reactants is challenging and requires advanced green chemistry solutions. This study investigates the generation of thirteen new pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues through a single-step, open-flask, multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy involving aldehydes, phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, and barbituric acid via deep eutectic solvents (DES). These DESs serve as environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional solvents. A ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) was evaluated for its catalytic solvent activity among ten different formulations. TDES-7 (5 mL) demonstrated the best performance, achieving 95 % product formation within 30 min at room temperature. Its remarkable catalytic activity and ability to produce high yields across multiple reaction cycles make it a standout choice for this application. The collaboration between MCR and TDES underscores an important blend of two significant green aspects, demonstrating their potential to achieve a green and productive sustainable synthesis method with an noble E-factor of 0.1236. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Environmentally conscious synthesis of novel pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines via ternary deep eutectic solvents
Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and its analogues have gained considerable courtesy because of their diverse biological functions and wide-ranging applications, from pharmaceutical agents to essential natural pigments. However, synthesising pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine with multiple reactants is challenging and requires advanced green chemistry solutions. This study investigates the generation of thirteen new pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues through a single-step, open-flask, multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy involving aldehydes, phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, and barbituric acid via deep eutectic solvents (DES). These DESs serve as environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional solvents. A ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) was evaluated for its catalytic solvent activity among ten different formulations. TDES-7 (5 mL) demonstrated the best performance, achieving 95 % product formation within 30 min at room temperature. Its remarkable catalytic activity and ability to produce high yields across multiple reaction cycles make it a standout choice for this application. The collaboration between MCR and TDES underscores an important blend of two significant green aspects, demonstrating their potential to achieve a green and productive sustainable synthesis method with an noble E-factor of 0.1236. 2024 Elsevier B.V. -
Environmentally responsible behaviour among the teachers: role of gratitude and perceived social responsibility
Purpose: Based upon the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study aims to assess the role of perceived social responsibility (PSR) in mediating the relationship between gratitude and environmentally responsible behaviour (ERB) among teachers. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected, following a correlational design, from a total of 292 school teachers in Kerala state, India. In total, 256 data were taken for final analysis. Out of the total participants, 63.3% were female and the remaining 36.7% were male. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to verify the factor structure and discriminant as well as convergent validity of the study variables. The relationship between gratitude and ERB with mediating role of PSR was tested. Findings: The mediation analysis output revealed that PSR fully mediates the effect of gratitude on ERB, and it is concluded from the findings of the study that ERB can be enhanced by humanizing the citizens to integrate social responsibility in their acts and promoting the significance of having positive emotions like gratitude to widen their thoughtaction repertoires. Research limitations/implications: In line with the broaden-and-build theory, a positive state of mental faculty can be a prime facilitator to increase concern for green environments as an outcome of an expanded thoughtaction repertoire. The findings imply the importance of inculcating enduring personal resources like the sense of gratefulness as it weighs the effect of producing altruistic acts like ERB along with many other benefits associated with having a positive emotion which is obviously considered to be a fair contribution to serve social resources in the community. Social implications: The study findings can be an inspiration for the formation of policies to encourage pro-environmental behaviour and to further expansion of policies like national education policy of India. As teachers being the facilitators of knowledge and wisdom, they are potential sources to inspire students to practice healthy behaviours, they can be better models by practicing ERB. Originality/value: The authors have verified the application of broaden-and-build theory of positive emotion in the context of ERB along with identifying its relationship with gratitude and PSR. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Environmentally Sustainable Event Management for Industry Innovations and Growth
This chapter investigates the convergence of event management operations and sustainable practices to guide their function of stimulating innovation and development within the event management sector. With increasing necessity, sustainability becomes central and unavoidable to the world economy, and event professionals are increasingly embracing green practices in order to minimize environmental footprints while enhancing overall experiences for attendees. This chapter gives an extensive overview of important sustainability concepts, energy efficiency, sustainable procurement and encompassing waste minimization and outlines their dayto-day applicability in the planning, staging and post-event assessment of events It also centers the role of stakeholder engagement, ranging from suppliers through to guests, in influencing sustainable action. The chapter ends with suggesting future research directions for embedding sustainability into event management, focusing on the imperative of innovation, cooperation, and constant industry-wide dedication to protecting the planet. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Environmentally sustainable zinc oxide nanoparticles for improved hazardous textile dye removal from water bodies
A sustainable, affordable, and cost-effective method was developed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (SB-ZnO-NPs) using leaf extracts of Strobilanthes barbatus. The synthesized SB-ZnO-NPs displayed an absorbance maximum at 359 nm with a band gap of 3.24 eV. The average diameter of the SB-ZnO-NPs, as determined by FESEM analysis, was 84.23 nm. The particles had nearly spherical morphologies. By using FTIR analysis, it was established that functional groups played a part in the formation of SB-ZnO-NPs. Reactive Yellow 86 (RY-86) and Reactive Yellow 145 (RY-145) textile dyes were degraded by SB-ZnO-NPs under the impact of UV irradiation, and the degradation rates were 87.50 and 91.11%, respectively, in 320 min. When dye solutions treated with SB-ZnO-NPs were tested for phytotoxicity, the results showed a sharp decline in the effectiveness of the inhibition compared to dye effluents. The synthesised SB-ZnO-NPs can, therefore, be employed as a substitute potential catalyst for the breakdown of textile colours both before and after release into water bodies. 2023 The Author. -
Envisaging an Intelligent Blockchain Network by Intelligence Sharing
Blockchain Technology is gaining popularity throughout various industry verticals due to its data decentralization and tamper-evident nature. Machine Learning (ML) is all about embedding a learning capability to computing machines so that the machine can learn based on historical data in a way how human beings learn things. An important part of ML is the process of learning which needs humongous processing capability and hence it is time-consuming. Significant benefits have been predicted from the integration of these two technologies. Making a complete blockchain network intelligent in a simple and efficient way is a major challenge. In this work, a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) model is implanted in every node of the blockchain network. An efficient technique is proposed to make an intelligent blockchain network in minimum possible time and using minimum processing power. During the network formation, every node of the network has knowledge of the model architecture. At some point in time, the model of the randomly selected node gets trained. After completion of the training of that node, the intelligence is replicated to the entire network. 2022 IEEE. -
Envisioning the potential of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Health Care Management
Natural Language Processing (NLP) continues to play a strategic role in disease detection, intensive care, drug discovery and control of mushrooming infections during the current pandemic. It energizes chat programs to reduce outbreaks during the initial stages of coronavirus infection. NLP technologies have reached new heights in terms of utility, and are at the heart of the success of a multilingual conversation system, and Deep learning language models. It supports more languages around the world. NLP powered AI such as Health map and Copweb platforms track patient requests and perform incident detections. This study looks at the role of NLP and its technologies, challenges, and future possibilities using AI and machine learning for crisis mitigation and easier electronic health records (EHRs) maintenance in the health care industry. This research work explores the strategic approach and potential of NLP which maximizes the value of the EHR and healthcare data, making data a critical and trusted component in improving health outcomes 2021 IEEE.