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On ?(k)-coloring of graph products
An edge which is incident on two vertices that are assigned the same color is called a bad edge. A near proper coloring is a coloring that minimises the number of bad edges in a graph G, by permitting few color classes to have adjacency between the elements in it. A near proper coloring, that uses k colors where 1 ? k ? ?(G) ? 1, which allows at most one color class to be a non independent set to minimise the number of bad edges resulting from the same is called a ?(k)-coloring. In this paper, we determine the minimum number of bad edges, bk(G), resulting from a ?(k)- coloring of some graph products viz. direct product of two graphs G H and corona product of two graphs G?H, for all different possible values of k by investigating an optimal ?(k)-coloring that results in minimum number of bad edges. (2023), (Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications). All Rights Reserved. -
Four Alternative Scenarios of Commons in Space: Prospects and Challenges
The rapid expansion of human activities in outer space is likely to bring new economic, social, and political dilemmas in the next 50 to 100 years. Future governance will have to increasingly juggle earth-space social justice, resource trade-offs, and environmental sustainability issues. This poses new challenges to the governance of global commons, i.e. whether existing studies are fit to address commons in a global context and whether the governance of outer space commons (dis)integrates with Earth-bound sustainability governance. To explore these questions, this study uses scenario-building techniques to generate alternative future scenarios via a workshop conducted during the 2022 Commons in Space conference. We derived four future scenarios based on two major contextual conditions: (i) the degree of equity in resource distribution in space, and (ii) the degree of integration with Earth-bound sustainability, more specifically Earth system governance. The four alternative scenarios are (i) Space Cartel in which the use of space resources becomes dominated by the rich and powerful; (ii) Earth-centric Gold Rush in which the current business as usual continues; (iii) Open Space (also Space Utopia) in which open access of space resources leads to thriving developments in space at the expense of sustainability on Earth; and finally, (iv) Earth-Space Sustainability in which challenges on Earth and in space are addressed through an integrative governance model. Based on the challenges identified from these scenarios, we discuss specific as well as cross-cutting implications for policy and governance to better address commons in space in the future. 2023 The Author(s). -
Diabetes mellitus prediction using machine learning within the scope of a generic framework
Artificial intelligence (AI) based automated disease prediction has recently taken a significant place in the field of health informatics. However, due to unavailability of real time large scale medical data, the dynamic learning of prediction models remains principally subsided. This paper, therefore proposes a dynamic predictive modelling framework for chronic diseases prediction in real-time. The framework premise suggests creation of a centralized patient-indexed medical database to dynamically train machine learning (ML) models and predict risk levels of chronic diseases in real time. In this study, comprehensive empirical evaluations to train seven state-of-the-art ML models for diabetes risk prediction are performed in context of phase 2 of the suggested framework. The selected optimal model can then be dynamically applied to predict diabetes in phase 3 of the framework. Various metrics such as accuracy, precision, Recall, F1-score and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve are employed for evaluating performances of the trained models. Parameter tunings using different type of kernels, different number of neighbors and estimators are rigorously performed in order to create a suggestive literature for healthcare prediction ecosystem. Comparative analysis indicates high prediction accuracies on diabetes test data records for neural network and support vector machine (SVM) models as compared to other applied models. 2023 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved. -
Heat transfer optimisation through viscous ternary nanofluid flow over a stretching/shrinking thin needle
The current investigation interprets the flow and the thermal characteristics of the ternary nanofluid composed of MoS 2, ZnO, and SiO 2 spherical nanoparticles and water. The resulting nanofluid is (Formula presented.) where (Formula presented.) act as the base fluid which help in the flow and the nanoparticles contribute to enhancing the heat conductivity. The flow is assumed to occur across a thin needle whose surface is maintained at a higher temperature than the surroundings. The mathematical model is framed by incorporating radiation introduced by Rosseland in terms of partial differential equations (PDE). This system of equations governs the flow and thermal properties of fluid which are converted to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The major outcomes of the study indicated that the increase in the amount of molybdenum disulfide enhanced the heat conducted by the nanofluid whereas it reduced the flow speed. The positive values of the heat source/sink parameter caused the heat conduction of the nanofluid to go high. 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
MHD nanofluid flow through Darcy medium with thermal radiation and heat source
In this analysis, we have considered heat transmission in two-dimensional steady laminar nanouid ow past a wedge. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), Brownian motion, viscous dissipation and thermophoresis eects are considered over the porous surface. Similarity transformations have been used to change the governing partial dierential equations (PDEs) into nonlinear higher-order ordinary dierential equations (ODEs). Governing ODEs with boundary conditions are then converted to the system of first-order initial value problem. After that the modeled system is solved numerically by RK4 technique. Impact of the magnetic number, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Lewis number, Brownian motion, thermophoresis and permeability parameters on the ow domain is analyzed graphically as well as in tabular form. It is noted that magnitude of Nusselt number for the ow regime increases with the increase of nondimensional parameter Pr; Nb; Nt while opposite behavior is observed in case of R. World Scientific Publishing Company. -
The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Social and Political Empowerment: Mediating Role of Economic Empowerment
The primary purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of financial inclusion on womens social and political empowerment through the mediation of economic empowerment. A multidimensional index is created, using methodology by UNDP, to measure financial inclusion. Womens empowerment is measured through economic, social, and political dimensions. The datacollected from 545 women in slums through a structured schedule on a 5-point Likert scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to measure the construct. Multivariate statistical techniques such as regression were used to test the relationship between financial inclusion and women empowerment. The findings underscore a discernibly modest representation of women attaining high financial inclusion in slum settings. It is essential to recognise the pivotal role of economic empowerment as a partial mediator within the intricate interplay linking financial inclusion to social and political empowerment.This investigation is grounded in an examination of urban slums but has the potential for broader applicability, encompassing rural regions and locales proximate to financial centers within metropolitan areas to formulate a comprehensive framework for the empowerment of women. The findings underscore the impact of socio-economic and politico-economic factors on the incorporation of marginalized communities into the formal financial system. The current investigation results have implications for policymakers in developing countries that can serve as a valuable resource to enhance womens participation in the formal financial system. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. -
CHARACTERIZATION OF BOUNDS FOR ??ADJACENCY ENERGY OF A GRAPH
Recently Nikiforov et.al [9] put forward the ??adjacency energy of a graph G. In this paper, we continue the work on ??adjacency energy and obtain bounds for this new parameter in terms of order, size and the first Zagreb index. Indian Mathematical Society, 2023. -
Telemedicine-The New Digital Healthcare Platform
The concept of Telemedicine was known to the public since 1970s but the real potential was realized only during the pandemic Covid-19. The pandemic has reviewed Telemedicine and has given a wide acceptance among the public within a short span of time. This technology enabled tele-healing offers very little direct interaction between the healthcare providers and the patients. This article explores the technology requirements, ethical, and legal challenges, and opportunity to offer different healthcare services through Telemedicine. There is a scope for this technology morphing into platform models like what we have for social media. As more people start using telemedicine, the other healthcare services could be identified and offered for each individual. It can be concluded that telemedicine offers huge potential to take health benefits at places where health infrastructure could not be offered due to scalability issues. 2023, Indian Pharmaceutical Association. All rights reserved. -
Determinants of Procrastination among young adults in their academics and professional lives
Procrastination is one of the most pervasive issues which exist in contemporary times among students and professionals. This research aims to understand the modern determinants of procrastination, including factors such as Fear of Missing out (FOMO), Social Zapping, and Sensation Seeking with Impulsivity as a mediator. Limited research has talked about these variables connection with one another. The study was conducted by collecting data from 294 young adults using convenience and snowball sampling with scales of the five variables in question. A mediation analysis was performed which concluded that FOMO has a significant effect on procrastination. Additionally, Social Zapping and FOMO showed a significant relationship with impulsivity. This suggests that FOMO is the key factor that leads to students and professionals choosing to procrastinate their academic/work-related activities in favour of other alternatives such as social or recreational activities. 2023 RJ4All. -
Synthesis of Chitosan Stabilised Platinum Nanoparticles and their Characterization
A simplistic green synthesis route for the platinum nanoparticles has been successfully identified by using chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H2 PtCl6.6H2 O) as the metal precursor and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the reducing agent at room temperature. Chitosan was used in minute quantities as capping and stabilizing agent. The visual observation of a black coloured colloidal suspension, the characteristic XRD peaks and the absorption peak in the range of 200-300nm confirmed the production of Pt nanoparticles. The average crystallite size calculated using Debye-Scherrer equation is about 19 2 nm and a less intense absorption peak was found at 246nm and 281nm. The FTIR spectroscopy was used to confirm the capping with chitosan molecules. Zeta-potential calculation gave a surface charge of-23.8mV, and this high negative value, then validated the stability of the nanoparticle. The synthesis of platinum nanoparticles is very significant for their catalytic activity and biomedical applications in industrial as well as healthcare sector. 2023, Books and Journals Private Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
A Markovian risk model with possible by-claims and dividend barrier
A MAP/PH risk model with possible by-claims and a dividend barrier is considered. Along with the main claim, a by-claim also can occur with a certain probability but by-claims are settled only after an inquiry and hence delayed. The model is analysed considering associated Markovian fluid models under the original timeline and an auxiliary timeline. Systems of integro differential equations (IDE) are developed for the Gerber-Shiu function (GSF) and the total dividends paid until ruin. Explicit expressions are obtained for the GSF of the models without and then with the barrier. Expressions are also provided for the moments of the total dividends paid until ruin. A dividends-penalty identity is given. The method is numerically illustrated with a two-phase model and sensitivity analysis of the model is done by varying some of the parameters involved. 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
Manipur: the British legacy
[No abstract available] -
Tangent Search Long Short Term Memory with Aadaptive Reinforcement Transient Learning based Extractive and Abstractive Document Summarization
Text summarization is the process of creating a shorter version of a longer text document while retaining its most important information. There have been a number of methods proposed for text summarization, but the existing method does not provide better results and has a problem with sequence classification. To overcome these limitations, a tangent search long short term memory with adaptive reinforcement transient learning-based extractive and abstractive document summarization is proposed in this manuscript. In abstractive phase, the features of the extractive summary are extracted and then the optimal features are selected by Adaptive Flamingo Optimization (AFO). With these optimal features, the abstractive summary is generated. The proposed method is implemented in python. For extractive text summarization, the proposed method attains 42.11% ROUGE-1 Score, 23.55% ROUGE-2 score and 41.05% ROUGE-L score using Gigaword. Additionally, 57.13% ROUGE-1 Score, 28.35% ROUGE-2 score and 52.85% ROUGE-L score using DUC-2004 dataset. For abstractive text summarization the proposed method attains 47.05% ROUGE-1 Score, 22.02% ROUGE-2 score and 48.96% ROUGE-L score using Gigaword. Also, 35.13% ROUGE-1 Score, 20.35% ROUGE-2 score and 35.25% ROUGE-L score using DUC-2004 dataset. 2023, Modern Education and Computer Science Press. All rights reserved. -
Evaluation of phenolic and antioxidant profiles of pink Guava peel (Psidium guajava L. cv Arka kiran) during fruit ripening and its in silico Anti SARS-CoV-2 property
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a highly nutritious and economically important fruit. Although fruit peel is generally regarded as a waste, researchers believe that the peel of the guava is rich in bioactive constituents, even higher than the fruit's flesh. The present study aimed to estimate phenolic content (total phenolic and total flavonoid) and assess antioxidant properties of guava fruit peel (pink variety, cv Arka kiran) by 2,2-di (4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2?-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) assays at five different ripening stages (stage 1 to 5). The TPC and TFC assays were performed by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride (AlCl3) methods, respectively. The molecular docking experiment between the major phenolic of guava peel, Catechin and the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed by the Dockthor online server. Results showed that the peel had high phenolic (highest TPC and TFC, 7307.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight [DW] and 433.9 mg quercetin equivalent/g DW, respectively) and antioxidant values (highest DPPH, ABTS and FRAP values 4784.8, 206.6 and 2451 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g DW, respectively) throughout all stages, although there was a gradual decline in the activity at the later stages. Furthermore, it was found that catechin had a strong binding affinity (-7.591 kcal mol-1) with the spike protein, in silico when compared with the control drug ceftazidime (-7.250 kcal mol-1). The overall outcome of our experiemnts revealed that guava peel could be explored for future pharmacological applications through in vivo studies, and the green mixed with the yellow stage of ripening is optimum for such studies. Author (s). -
Effect of Substrate Temperature on Properties of Copper Oxide Thin Films Coated by Spray Pyrolysis
Copper oxide shows a wide range of optical as well as electrical characteristics depending upon the preparation parameters. This wide range turning capability makes it a preferable candidate for effective use in various application fields like optical filters, light energy harvesting, gas sensing and semiconducting device fabrication. Spray pyrolysis technique with manual spray system was used to deposit a thin layer of copper oxide on glass substrates at temperatures of 300oC, 350o C, and 400o C. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that all the thin films obtained have monoclinic phase. A change of grain size from 15 nm to 25 nm was observedas the substrate temperature was varied from 300oC to 400o C.The Hall coefficient analysis confirms p-type conductivity in films obtained at 300o C and 350oC and N type conductivity with high resistivity for film coated at 400o C. Optical band gap increases from 1.75 to 2.17 eV with the increase in substrate temperature due to energy band tailing. 2023, Books and Journals Private Ltd.. All rights reserved. -
COMMENSALITY AND CULTURE: A SEMIOTIC READING OF IGBO TRIBAL LIFE IN CHINUA ACHEBES THINGS FALL APART
Foodin literary production signifies the culturalandcross-culturalrelations from which it is produced. The emergence of Literary Food Studies engages food as a signifier to magnify human relations and emotions. Food is a mosaic system of signs symbolising diasporic, class, caste, racial, and gender relations. The paper focuses on commensality, one of the mushrooming trends in literary food studies. Commensality is the act of eating together that helps to build relationships and create conviviality, the social pleasure among people. It helps to reinforce the identity and sense of belongingness among the community members. Drawing on the theoretical readings from Mary Douglas and Arjun Appadurais semiotics of food, the paper explores the possibilities of commensality in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart. The paper tries to argue that, commensality and its food practices along with representing togetherness could also symbolise the complex cultural functioning of the Igbo tribal community. The ingredients of the commensality, the culinary tools, and the order of eating convey cultural meanings. It throws light into the hierarchy and various power relations existing in the community. Copyright 2023 Sreelakshmi K P. -
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN BRICS NATIONS PRE AND POST COVID-19
The most common kind of sexual or physical abuse suffered by women is that by a partner. Human rights are violated when males or boys use violence against women or girls. When it comes to domestic abuse, it is estimated that one in three women will experience some kind of gender-based violence at some point in their lives. The number of women who have been abused by a romantic partner or a non-relationship sexual partner is estimated to reach 736 million. For years, the worlds leaders have recognised its seriousness. In 1995, the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action said that violence against women must be eliminated. Within the UNs 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, aworldwide goal to abolish all kinds of violence against women and girls in public and private spaces was added. Global action was called for in 2016 by the World Health Assemblys Resolution 69.5, which urged anational multisector approach to combating violence against women and young girls. In spite of all of these responsibilities, 49 countries still dont have a clear policy on domestic abuse. Lower and lower-middle-income women nations are particularly vulnerable to this violence, which has long-term effects on their health and well-being. In the worlds poorest nations, women aged 15 to 49 have a lifetime frequency of domestic abuse of 37 percent. One in every four women who have ever been in a relationship has been a victim of domestic abuse at some point in their lives. 2023, University of Tyumen. All rights reserved. -
Policies and metrics for schedulers in cloud data-centers using CloudSim simulator
Todays cloud technology consumers must address escalating computing and storage demands for services and applications. However, decision-making on provisioning and scheduling is challenging due to varying workflow demands within Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). This study formulates an optimization problem with multiple objectives to identify optimal policies, employing heuristic metrics through cloud simulation similar to AWS EC2 instances. Experiments involve two task scheduler types, time-shared and space-shared, aimed at minimizing execution time and cost. The study introduces two novel algorithms, SLB and MinMax, for comparison with standard algorithms. It emphasizes the importance of precise quantification of uncertainty in cloud storage allocation and highlights the state-of-the-art policies and metrics achieved through virtualization techniques. The studys novelty lies in simulating both policies at two levels and proposing a novel algorithm for multi-objective optimization while providing cost and time measurements. Contributions include experimenting with various combinations, applying heuristics to entire data center entities, proposing a novel algorithm, and offering cost and time measurements for the optimizations. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Biogenesis and Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles and Their Pharmacological Applications
Nanomaterial innovation is the primary catalyst of advancement in nanotechnology. Although there are many known chemical processes for creating nanoparticles that use harmful substances, it is now more important than ever to use processes that are safer, greener, and more environmentally friendly. The goal of research in this field is to use diverse life forms as "nanoparticle factories." Phytochemicals can convert salt into the appropriate nanoparticles thanks to their regular biosynthetic routes. In recent years, green chemistry methods for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles have emerged as a fresh and exciting area of study. Metal nanoparticles, including gold (Au), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), and cadmium (Cd) along with certain oxides, can be synthesized using a variety of chemical and physical techniques as well as biological techniques carried out using plants. It has been discovered that methods involving plant-mediated synthesis are a more efficient and cost-effective way to create these metal nanoparticles. The plant-mediated nanoparticles are used as potential pharmaceutical agents for many diseases, including hepatitis, cancer, malaria, and HIV. Due to the higher efficacy and fewer side effects of nanodrugs compared to other commercial cancer drugs, the synthesis of nanoparticles targeting biological pathways has gained tremendous popularity. This review paper aims to cover the different green methods for the biogenesis of these nanoparticles, the different compounds and salts used, and the metals obtained. Ultimately, the significance and prospects of these metal nanoparticles especially in the fields of medicine, pharmacology, drug designing, and drug delivery engineering will also be commented on. The Author(s). -
Sensitivity Analysis of Operational Parameters of a High Temperature-Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
The lack of widespread commercialization of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (HT-PEMFC) is primarily due to their poor performance and durability. Various factors impact the performance of fuel cells, one such crucial factor being the operational parameters. Suitable operating conditions not only enhance the output cell performance but also extend a fuel cell's life. Current research on the impact of operational factors on HT-PEMFC performance is largely qualitative in nature, with no quantitative indication of affecting the sensitivity of these parameters. In the present work, a three-dimensional, non-isothermal HT-PEMFC model developed earlier is used to investigate the influential sensitivities of five crucial operating parameters, each with four different levels, and is analyzed quantitatively using six evaluation indexes. The orthogonal/Taguchi method L16(45) is implemented to investigate the impact of operating parameters quantitatively. Further, the effect of each operating parameter on evaluation indexes under different operational current density regimes is investigated. The findings show that, of the parameters chosen, the working temperature and cathode pressure are the most sensitive to cell voltage and cathode overpotential distribution under all operating current density regimes. The findings would provide more precise recommendations for experimental research targeted at improving cell performance by optimizing operational parameters. 2023 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited.; Highlights Influential sensitivities of crucial operating parameters are investigated. The orthogonal method is employed to investigate the impact of operating parameters. Impact of operational parameters on uniformity of species distribution is examined. The sensitivity of each operating parameter on evaluation indexes is investigated. The varying trends of operating parameters under different current density regimes is studied. 2023 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited.