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Nicotiana genus: a green and sustainable source for designing of nitrogen-rich efficient carbon nanocomposites for the hydrogenation of nitrophenol and non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Transition metals based nitrogen-doped carbon nanocomposites have been envisioned as a potential replacement for precious metal-based nanostructures to catalyze a variety of reactions. Herein, we report the synthesis of a group of nitrogen-doped carbon nanocomposites derived from the Nicotiana genus family plant, e.g. tobacco, a highly nicotine rich entity, and iron nitrate mixture followed by their exploitation for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing. The controlled study suggests that the pyrolysis of tobacco results in ?7 at.% of nitrogen doping, an important heteroatom to enhance the catalytic efficiency of nanocomposites. The kinetics of the reduction of 4-NP follow a pseudo-first-order reaction. The time constant is found to increase with the Fe content in the composite owing to the formation of FeNx centers. The separation of a catalyst with the aid of a magnetic field offers a huge add-on to vouch for the recovery of these catalysts. Along with the display of appealing catalytic reduction, its application to non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing is also demonstrated. Overall, the Nicotiana genus can be used as nitrogen-carbon precursors for designing of targeted N-doped carbon-based composites that could be exploited for various applications. 2021 Elsevier Ltd -
Generative AI and the Future of Cyber Threats: Building Resilient, Trustworthy Defenses
Generative AI is transforming cybersecurity, introducing autonomous, adaptive threats that challenge traditional defences. Capable of producing realistic content, mimicking behaviour, and scaling deceptive attacks, GAI reshapes phishing, malware, deepfakes, and social engineering. Vulnerabilities in AI- generated code and synthetic data demand proactive, AI- driven countermeasures. This chapter explores XAIs role in transparency and trust, highlights emerging technologies for intrusion detection and predictive modelling, and emphasises ethical design, verification, and collaboration to build resilient infrastructures against next- generation intelligent cyber threats. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Multi Disease Identification in Tomato Plant using CNN and SVM
Tomato is a major trade crop; it is among the most widely consumed crops in daily life. Crop diseases reduce not only the quality of the crops but also their amount of production, thus, detection and identification of the specific diseases is of great importance. Diseases like the Mosaic virus, Bacterial Spot, and Yellow Leaf Curl Virus infect the tomato plant. The advanced detection and classification techniques are mainly employed in the diagnosis of these diseases. This helps in informing the farmers about the types of diseases that attack their crops. In this study, independent CNN and SVM classifiers built to classify the diseases. The CNN model extracts feature such as color and leaf edges from input images- then, it proceeds to classification. For SVM, PCA is applied for feature reduction in order to enhance performance and accuracy before classification. A dataset sourced from plant village has been utilized to train the network CNN and SVM. The proposed neural network model has been applied to categorize 4 types of tomato leaf conditions: one healthy and three diseased types of tomato leaves. The results show that the SVM approach achieves a classification accuracy of 94.33%, whereas the CNN model has slightly higher accuracy of 95.17%. 2025 IEEE. -
COVID-19 and the cry of the poor sensitivity and solidarity
[No abstract available] -
Machine Learning Approaches for Suicidal Ideation Detection on Social Media
Social media suicidal ideation has become a serious public health issue that requires creative solutions for early diagnosis and management. An extensive investigation of machine-learning techniques for the automated detection of suicidal thoughts in internet postings is presented in this research. We start off by talking about the concerning increase in information on social media about mental health issues and the pressing need to create efficient monitoring mechanisms. The research explores the several methods used to identify the subtleties of suicidal thought conveyed in text, photographs, and audio-visual information. These methods include sentiment analysis, natural language processing, and deep learning models. We look at the problems with unbalanced data, privacy issues, and the moral ramifications of keeping an eye on user-generated material. We also go over the research's practical ramifications, such as the creation of instruments for real-time monitoring and crisis response techniques. Through comprehensive experiments and benchmarking, we demonstrate the potential of machine learning in providing timely support for those in need, thereby reducing the impact of suicidal ideation on society. 2023 IEEE. -
Review on the Biogenesis of Platelets in Lungs and Its Alterations in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Patients
Thrombocytes (platelets) are the type of blood cells that are involved in hemostasis, thrombosis, etc. For the conversion of megakaryocytes into thrombocytes, the thrombopoietin (TPO) protein is essential which is encoded by the TPO gene. TPO gene is present in the long arm of chromosome number 3 (3q26). This TPO protein interacts with the c-Mpl receptor, which is present on the outer surface of megakaryocytes. As a result, megakaryocyte breaks into the production of functional thrombocytes. Some of the evidence shows that the megakaryocytes, the precursor of thrombocytes, are seen in the lungs interstitium. This review focuses on the involvement of the lungs in the production of thrombocytes and their mechanism. A lot of findings show that viral diseases, which affect the lungs, cause thrombocytopenia in human beings. One of the notable viral diseases is COVID-19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 caused a worldwide alarm in 2019 and a lot of people suffered because of this disease. It mainly targets the lung cells for its replication. To enter the cells, these virus targets the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors that are abundantly seen on the surface of the lung cells. Recent reports of COVID-19-affected patients reveal the important fact that these peoples develop thrombocytopenia as a post-COVID condition. This review elaborates on the biogenesis of platelets in the lungs and the alterations of thrombocytes during the COVID-19 infection. 2023, SAGE Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Improving maternal health by predicting various pregnancy-related abnormalities using machine learning algorithms
Over the past few decades, artificial intelligence has been showing its high relevance and potential in a vast number of applications, particularly in the healthcare domain. Having a healthy pregnancy is one of the best ways to promote a healthy birth. Getting early and regular prenatal care improves the chances of a healthy pregnancy. Complications involved in the individual's pregnancy need to be predicted on time accurately. AI can help clinicians to make decisions by assisting them in decision-making. In this regard, the objective of this chapter is to provide a detailed survey of various pregnancy-related abnormalities; and to explore various machine learning algorithms to classify/predict pregnancy-related abnormalities with higher accuracy. A generic framework that focuses more on classifying various features into normal and abnormal, and to be monitored patients to provide support and care during an emergency. 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
An Early-Stage Diabetes Symptoms Detection Prototype using Ensemble Learning
Diabetes is one of the most increasing health issues that the whole world is facing. Recent research has shown that diabetes is spreading quickly in India. Having more than 77 million sufferers, India is actually regarded as the diabetes capital of the world. The lifestyle and eating patterns of people who move from rural to urban settings alter, which raises the prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes has been linked to consequences like vision loss, renal failure, nerve damage, cardiovascular disease, foot ulcers, and digestive issues. Diabetes can harm the blood arteries and neurons in a variety of organs. FPG (Flaccid Plasma Glucose) is a popular test that is done to find out whether a person is a diabetic patient or not. However, not all people consistently take medication and neither monitor their blood sugar levels on a regular basis. Early detection of this disease is also an important thing that people usually don't do. Technology these days has emerged a lot in the healthcare zone. Many prototypes have already been made for the detection of diabetes. The prototype discussed in this paper is an ensemble learning approach for the detection of diabetes in a very early stage. Ensemble learning which includes the use of multiple model prediction has been used to make the outcome stronger and more trustworthy. The overall accuracy achieved by the model is 96.54%. XGBoost also records the minimal execution time of 2.77 seconds only. 2023 IEEE. -
Dolastatins and their analogues present a compelling landscape of potential natural and synthetic anticancer drug candidates
Human cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality. Traditional treatment methods, while effective are often associated with substantial side effects, high technical requirements, and considerable expenses. Recently, anticancer peptides, such as dolastatin-type peptides naturally found in marine mollusc Dolabella auricularia, have gained attention due to their enhanced characteristics and specific targeting of cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the anticancer activities of natural dolastatins and synthetic analogues over the past 35 years, focusing on their utilization in advancing cancer treatment strategies. This updated review encompasses a detailed analysis of numerous studies demonstrating the cytotoxic effects of dolastatins and their synthetic analogues on various human tumour cell lines. The analysis includes investigations into their ability to activate apoptosis pathways, inhibit cell cycle progression, and indirectly limit inflammation and angiogenesis in tumours. Both natural dolastatins and synthetic analogues have demonstrated significant anticancer properties through a variety of mechanisms in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies. Some have even advanced to clinical trials, either alone or in combination with other agents, and have shown promising outcomes. The biological activities of dolastatins and their synthetic analogues offer a promising path in the development of more effective and sustainable anticancer drugs. Their specific action on cancer cells and relative non-toxicity to normal cells highlight their potential as superior cancer therapeutic agents. The current study provides a platform for the most recent preclinical and clinical research on dolastatins and their analogues. Further research into these marine peptides may contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient treatment models for cancer, filling a significant gap in the current cancer therapeutic portfolio. 2023 The Authors -
Anticancer activity and other biomedical properties of ?-sitosterol: Bridging phytochemistry and current pharmacological evidence for future translational approaches
Sterols, including ?-sitosterol, are essential components of cellular membranes in both plant and animal cells. Despite being a major phytosterol in various plant materials, comprehensive scientific knowledge regarding the properties of ?-sitosterol and its potential applications is essential for scholarly pursuits and utilization purposes. ?-sitosterol shares similar chemical characteristics with cholesterol and exhibits several pharmacological activities without major toxicity. This study aims to bridge the gap between phytochemistry and current pharmacological evidence of ?-sitosterol, focusing on its anticancer activity and other biomedical properties. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of ?-sitosterol's potential for future translational approaches. A thorough examination of the literature was conducted to gather relevant information on the biological properties of ?-sitosterol, particularly its anticancer therapeutic potential. Various databases were searched, including PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using appropriate keywords. Studies investigating the effects of ?-sitosterol on different types of cancer were analyzed, focusing on mechanisms of action, pharmacological screening, and chemosensitizing properties. Modern pharmacological screening studies have revealed the potential anticancer therapeutic properties of ?-sitosterol against various types of cancer, including leukemia, lung, stomach, breast, colon, ovarian, and prostate cancer. ?-sitosterol has demonstrated chemosensitizing effects on cancer cells, interfering with multiple cell signaling pathways involved in proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, survival, metastasis invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Structural derivatives of ?-sitosterol have also shown anti-cancer effects. However, research in the field of drug delivery and the detailed mode of action of ?-sitosterol-mediated anticancer activities remains limited. ?-sitosterol, as a non-toxic compound with significant pharmacological potential, exhibits promising anticancer effects against various cancer types. Despite being relatively less potent than conventional cancer chemotherapeutics, ?-sitosterol holds potential as a safe and effective nutraceutical against cancer. Further comprehensive studies are recommended to explore the biological properties of ?-sitosterol, including its mode of action, and develop novel formulations for its potential use in cancer treatment. This review provides a foundation for future investigations and highlights the need for further research on ?-sitosterol as a potent superfood in combating cancer. 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Magical mushroom Ganoderma-A Promising treatment for cancer
[No abstract available] -
Updated aspects of alpha-Solanine as a potential anticancer agent: Mechanistic insights and future directions
Cancer remains a critical global health challenge, with limited progress in reducing mortality despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment. The growing resistance of tumors to existing chemotherapy exacerbates this burden. In response, the search for new anticancer compounds from plants has intensified, given their historical success in yielding effective treatments. This review focuses on ?-solanine, a glycoalkaloid primarily derived from potato tubers and nightshade family plants, recognized for its diverse biological activities, including anti-allergic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antibiotic properties. Recently, ?-solanine has gained attention as a potential anticancer agent. Utilizing resources like PubMed/MedLine, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, the American Chemical Society, Google Scholar, Springer Link, Wiley, and various commercial websites, this review consolidates two decades of research on ?-solanine's anticancer effects and mechanisms against nine different cancers, highlighting its role in modulating various signaling pathways. It also discusses ?-solanine's potential as a lead compound in cancer therapy. The abundant availability of potato peel, often discarded as waste or sold cheaply, is suggested as a sustainable source for large-scale ?-solanine extraction. The study concludes that ?-solanine holds promise as a standalone or adjunctive cancer treatment. However, further research is necessary to optimize this lead compound and mitigate its toxicity through various strategies. 2024 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. -
A Comparative Study on Blockchain Architectures for Secure and Transparent Healthcare Systems
The research compares blockchain technologies in the healthcare industry, focusing on data security, decentralization, and transparency for managing data. Traditional healthcare systems face challenges, notably data breaches, inefficiencies in maintaining records, less interoperability, and issues regarding patient privacy. The solution with the use of the distributed nature of blockchain as an advantage is to provide a secure, decentralized space to store and manage medical data that is sensitive for creating a transparent, tamper-proof ledger accessible only by individuals or parties that are authorized. This paper highlights a comprehensive study of several blockchain architectures and applications in industry, such as electronic health records (EHRs), securing patient identity, tracking of drug supply chain, and secure medical data sharing. The approaches enhance data security and provide a transparent and trustworthy record of all data within a system. After analyzing numerous mechanisms and encryption approaches and combining blockchain with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), this chapter surveys blockchains prospect of enhancing healthcare efficiency while holding security and regulatory compliance. Likewise, the chapter discusses the restrictions of blockchain, including scalability, computational expenses, and lawful challenges, providing an understanding of forthcoming study trends and adoption methods for blockchain-based healthcare solutions. 2026 Anindya Nag, Md. Mehedi Hassan, Riya Sil and Asif Karim. -
To study the factors of consumer involvement in fashion clothing /
International Journal Of Science And Research, Vol.3, Issue 7, pp.542-546, ISSN No: 2319-7064. -
Finding balance in a digital world: Equanimity as a predictor of nomophobia
The present study examined the relationship between equanimity and nomophobia. The study also examined the differences in experience of nomophobia considering gender, education and employment status. The sample included 216 emerging adults (M = 64, F = 152) from across India. The Equanimity Scale 16 and the Nomophobia Questionnaire were used to measure equanimity and nomophobia, respectively. Mann-Whitney-U test and Rank-Biserial coefficient indicated that gender differences significantly affected the losing connectedness factor of nomophobia. Correlation analysis showed that equanimity had a significant negative relationship with nomophobia and its factors- not being able to access information, giving up convenience and losing connectedness. Regression analysis showed equanimity as a significant predictor of nomophobia. The studys findings hold potential implications for equanimity-based interventions for nomophobia and individual well-being, technological design improvements in the digital age and unfolds areas for future research. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Finding balance in a digital world: Equanimity as a predictor of nomophobia
The present study examined the relationship between equanimity and nomophobia. The study also examined the differences in experience of nomophobia considering gender, education and employment status. The sample included 216 emerging adults (M = 64, F = 152) from across India. The Equanimity Scale 16 and the Nomophobia Questionnaire were used to measure equanimity and nomophobia, respectively. Mann-Whitney-U test and Rank-Biserial coefficient indicated that gender differences significantly affected the losing connectedness factor of nomophobia. Correlation analysis showed that equanimity had a significant negative relationship with nomophobia and its factors- not being able to access information, giving up convenience and losing connectedness. Regression analysis showed equanimity as a significant predictor of nomophobia. The studys findings hold potential implications for equanimity-based interventions for nomophobia and individual well-being, technological design improvements in the digital age and unfolds areas for future research. 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. -
Sustainable Marketing and Green Finance: Integrating ESG Metrics into Financial Reporting and Strategic Branding
As sustainability gains significance in the global business landscape, an increasing number of companies are adopting Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) frameworks to enhance transparency and strengthen stakeholder relationships. This study looks at how using ESG metrics in branding and financial reporting affects the creation of long-term corporate value. The main goal is to find out how combining ESG initiatives with marketing plans and financial disclosures affects brand equity and financial credibility. There are both qualitative and quantitative parts to the study. This involves a qualitative analysis of ESG reports from 150 multinational corporations and the utilization of quantitative regression methods to examine the impact of ESG integration on brand performance and financial metrics. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) set the rules for ESG scores. Return on Assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q were the most important financial measures. The results show that companies with high levels of ESG integration saw a 12.4% increase in ROA and a 0.38 average increase in Tobin's Q compared to companies with low levels of ESG activity. Both changes were statistically significant at p < 0.01. Survey data also showed that companies that closely linked their ESG disclosures to their branding had a brand trust index that was 22% higher. These results show that strategically branded, ESG-focused reporting not only improves financial performance but also makes consumers feel better about the company. Ultimately, the study offers a framework for integrating ESG metrics into financial and marketing strategies, emphasizing ESG's function as both a moral obligation and a source of competitive advantage in the context of responsible capitalism. Sireesha Nanduri et al. -
Narratives of the self: Comments and confessions on Facebook
Narratives are structured around events, which are used to tell a story. The self is perpetually being constructed through narratives of experience. This chapter focuses on the phenomenon of Facebook confession pages and how they contribute to the construction of digital identity. Drawing on insights from my project on the role of Facebook College Confession pages, the chapter examines how these platforms have transformed the way users express and shape their identities. The anonymity provided by these pages allows users to post confessions without revealing their identities, encouraging a form of virtual self-exploration. These confessions, often written by nameless authors, generate a complex and ongoing narrative of identity, shaped by the interaction of multiple voices and viewpoints. The chapter also explores the motivations behind sharing personal confessions, even when the responses may be negative, and how this contributes to the perpetual construction of the digital self. By examining the intersection of public and private spheres in these online spaces, this chapter highlights how the breaking of the public-private divide enables users to create and negotiate their identities in a digital, networked world. The narrative constructed is endless, and the post is not an end in itself. It paves the way for the generation of an endless narrative by multiple authors with multiple viewpoints. This chapter explores the reasons behind sharing such posts on Facebook, even if the comments are negative in tone. It will refer to Anthony Giddens' concept of time-space "distanciation" (Keefer et al., 2019) to show how multiple tellers through their narratives help to build the complex networked identity of a user. The study will also analyse the role played by the breaking of the public-private divide in creating such spaces for the construction of a private self through public voices. 2024 Rimi Nandy. -
Rays Women and Sartorial Choices: Exploring Through Colonial and Feminist Perspective
[No abstract available] -
