Browse Items (16488 total)
Sort by:
-
Effect of a novel sintering technique: hot coining on microstructure and mechanical properties of MWCNT reinforced Al metal matrix nanocomposite
Fabrication of MWCNT-reinforced nanocomposites with uniform distribution is still remaining as a challenge. Even for researchers who achieved uniform distribution in powder, boundary agglomerations are observed after sintering. Hot coining (HC) a novel technique for bulk sampling can achieve uniform distribution during sintering. Several mechanical testing and characterisation methods are applied closely to explore the mechanical properties and structural features of the hot coined AA2219-MWCNT composites. Hot coining results in significant improvement of mechanical properties when reinforced with 0.75wt.% MWCNT shows 38.8 % (Rockwell hardness), 106% (UTS), 183 % (impact strength) and 76% (radial crushing strength). But retardation in mechanical properties was observed above 0.75wt. %. During HC particle rearrangement and pushing of MWCNT towards particle boundary is not taking place as in other conventional and advanced sintering technology. The fracture surface of HC tensile specimen shows uniform dispersion and MWCNT alignment in the matrix. The fracture surface shows the mixed mode of fracture (ductile-brittle), and ductility is found to be decreasing with increased MWCNT concentration. 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Effect of a non-uniform basic temperature gradient on Rayleigh-Benard convection in a micropolar fluid
The qualitative effect of a non-uniform basic temperature gradient on the linear stability analysis of the Rayleigh-Benard convection in an Eringen's micropolar fluid is studied numerically using a single-term Galerkin technique. The eigenvalue is obtained for free-free, rigid-free, and rigid-rigid velocity boundary combinations with isothermal and adiabatic temperature conditions on the spin-vanishing boundaries. The eigenvalues are also obtained for lower rigid isothermal and upper free adiabatic boundaries with vanishing spin. The influence of various micropolar fluid parameters on the onset of stationary convection has been analysed. Six different basic temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset is discussed. It is observed that the Rayleigh number obtained is lower than that of the corresponding Newtonian fluid problem. Some important mechanisms of advancing or delaying convection are discussed. 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. -
Effect of 2024-T3 Aluminum Face Sheet Thickness on Impact-Induced Damage and Sandwich Behavior of GLARE Laminates
Glass Laminate Aluminum Reinforced Epoxy (GLARE) composites are widely employed in impact-critical aerospace and automotive structures due to their superior damage tolerance and energy absorption capability. In this study, the influence of Al 2024-T3 aluminum face-sheet thickness on the low-velocity impact (LVI) response and damage evolution of GLARE laminates was experimentally investigated. Laminates with a constant total thickness of 2mm were fabricated using a hybrid hand lay-up and compression molding process, while the aluminum face-sheet thickness was varied between 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4mm. LVI tests were conducted according to ASTM D7136 at a constant impact energy of 19.26J using a 3.926kg impactor. Complementary tensile and flexural tests were performed to support the interpretation of impact behavior. The results show that face-sheet thickness significantly affects peak load, displacement, and energy absorption mechanisms. Laminates with a 0.3mm aluminum face sheet exhibited the highest peak load and reduced displacement, indicating improved stiffness and resistance to impact-induced damage, while thinner and thicker face sheets showed higher energy absorption due to increased deformation and interlaminar damage. Scanning electron microscopy and EDAX analyses revealed that optimized face-sheet thickness promotes uniform stress transfer, delayed delamination, and controlled plastic deformation of aluminum layers. The study demonstrates that an intermediate aluminum face-sheet thickness provides an optimal balance between stiffness and energy dissipation, offering valuable design insights for GLARE laminates used in impact-sensitive lightweight structures. The Institution of Engineers (India) 2026. -
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE MODULATION ON RAYLEIGH-B??NARD CONVECTION IN A ROTATING LAYER OF A FERROMAGNETIC FLUID
The stability of a rotating horizontal layer of ferromagnetic fluid heated from below is examined when, in addition to a steady temperature difference between the walls of the layer, a time-dependent sinusoidal perturbation is applied to the wall temperatures. Only infinitesimal disturbances are considered. The effects of the oscillating temperature field are treated by a perturbation expansion in powers of the amplitude of the applied field. The onset criterion is derived when the condition for the principle of exchange of stabilities is valid. The shift in the critical Rayleigh number is calculated as a function of the frequency of modulation, magnetic parameters, Taylor number and Prandtl number. The effect of various parameters is found to be significant for moderate values of the frequency of modulation. It is shown that, when the thermal excitation is symmetric, supercritical motion is more pronounced for low Prandtl number ferro fluids. Further, for the case in which only the bottom wall temperature is modulated, the effect of rotation is to stabilize the system at low frequencies and the opposite is true for moderately large frequencies. The problem throws light on external means of controlling convection in ferromagnetic fluid applications. -
EFFECT OF RADIATIVE TRANSFER ON RAYLEIGH-B??NARD CONVECTION IN A COUPLE-STRESS FLUID
The problem of Rayleigh-Benard convection in a couple-stress fluid with thermal radiation is studied within the framework of linear stability analysis. Only infinitesimal disturbances are considered. The linear stability analysis is based on the normal mode technique. The fluid between the boundaries absorbs and emits thermal radiation. The boundaries are treated as black bodies. The absorption coefficient of the fluid is assumed to be the same at all wavelengths and to be independent of the physical state. The principle of exchange of stabilities is valid and the existence of oscillatory instability is ruled out. The expression for the stationary Rayleigh number is obtained as a function of the governing parameters, viz., the wave number, the couple-stress parameter, the conduction-radiation parameter and the absorptivity parameter. The Galerkin method is used to determine the eigenvalues. The effect of various parameters on the stability of the fluid layer is discussed through figures and tables. -
EEG Signatures of Resilience Across Individuals With High and Low Anxiety
Background. Over the past decade, psychological resilience has become a key focus in psychological science. However, most research relies on self-report and psychosocial assessments to explore resilience across different populations and contexts. Methods. This two-phased study examined resilience using self-reported measures and EEG recordings. Phase 1 involved a cross-sectional analysis of resilience and anxiety in young adults using correlation and regression analysis. Phase 2 utilized a grouped experimental design with EEG resting-state recordings to compare high- and low-resilience individuals. EEG data were collected using a 64-channel Geodesic Sensor Net, NetAmps 400 Amplifiers, and NetStation Acquisition 5.0 Software. Spectral analysis was performed for group comparisons. Results. Significant EEG differences emerged between high- and low-resilience groups in the anterior midline, right frontal, right central, left parietal, and right parietal regions. Alpha band differences were predominantly frontal and right-sided, while beta band differences were posterior and left-sided. Conclusions. Results of the two phased study bridge the gap between psychosocial measures and electrophysiological measures in the study of resilience and anxiety. A conceptual model based on the findings is outlined to guide future research to investigate the mechanism between resilience and clinical presentations of anxiety and/or depression at the psychosocial and electrophysiological level. Copyright: 2025. Gupta and Reddy. -
EEG Signals Acquisition and Processing of Mental Tasks for Controlling Smart Systems
With the help of this biosignal, we can create various kinds of interfaces. These interfaces were especially used for paralyzed individuals who have problems in the normal bio-sensor channels. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a vital role in semi-paralyzed and fully paralyzed individuals to make communication with their caretakers. EEG signals are used not only for paralyzed individuals, nowadays most of home appliances are designed due to their reliability and accuracy. EEG based Smart devices are very easy to operate because signals are generated by the human brain automatically whenever the task is performed by humans. Through this research, we discussed the basic methodology needed for interfacing the EEG signals with smart devices. From this paper, most of the researchers will be going to know how to connect the EEG signals with the smart systems to control the external devices and induce the researchers to apply the EEG signals in real time. 2023 IEEE. -
EEG NEUROFEEDBACK: The Brains Capacity for Change and Growth
Electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback is a neoteric tool that uses principles of operant conditioning to modify brain function. This chapter introduces the reader to the foundations of EEG neurofeedback training, highlighting critical studies that led to its development. Neurofeedback research has primarily focused on clinical conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The standard protocols of neurofeedback for ADHD are considered to be Efficacious and Specific, Level V in keeping with guidelines of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. However, research in neurofeedback in other domains is still in its infancy. This chapter attempts to familiarize the reader with concepts of EEG that are relevant to neurofeedback. These concepts would include a review of standard band frequencies and electrode placement using the international 1020 system. Neurofeedback has a wide range of applications, from the enhancement of performance to the treatment of severe clinical symptoms. Research pertaining to these applications will be discussed. The evolution of protocols and mechanisms over time in the history of neurofeedback will also be reflected. Outcome measures in neurofeedback have typically focused on EEG and clinical changes following the intervention. The need for other measures will be highlighted, offering implications for both basic and applied research. The chapter will conclude with deliberations on critical issues in the practice and research of neurofeedback. 2026 selection and editorial matter, K. Jayasankara Reddy; individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. -
EEG Neurofeedback Training in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cognitive and Behavioral Outcome Study
Background. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. EEG neurofeedback training (NFT) is a new intervention modality based on operant conditioning of brain activity, which helps reduce symptoms of ADHD in children. Methods and Procedures. To examine the efficacy of NFT in children with ADHD, an experimental longitudinal design with pre-post comparison was adopted. A total of 30 children in the age range of 6 to 12 years diagnosed as ADHD with or without comorbid conditions were assigned to treatment group (TG; n = 15) and treatment as usual group (TAU; n = 15). TG received EEG-NFT along with routine clinical management and TAU received routine clinical management alone. Forty sessions of theta/beta NFT at the C3 scalp location, 3 to 4 sessions in a week for a period of 3.5 to 5 months were given to children in TG. Children were screened using sociodemographic data and Binet-Kamat test of intelligence. Pre-and postassessment tools were neuropsychological tests and behavioral scales. Follow-up was carried out on 8 children in TG using parent-rated behavioral measures. Results. Improvement was reported in TG on cognitive functions (sustained attention, verbal working memory, and response inhibition), parent- and teacher-rated behavior problems and on academic performance rated by teachers. Follow-up of children who received NFT showed sustained improvement in ADHD symptoms when assessed 6 months after receiving NFT. Conclusion. The present study suggests that NFT is an effective method to enhance cognitive deficits and helps reduce ADHD symptoms and behavior problems. Consequently, academic performance was found to be improved in children with ADHD. Improvement in ADHD symptoms induced by NFT were maintained at 6-month follow-up in children with ADHD. EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ECNS) 2018. -
EEG Emotion Recognition Using PSO-Based Feature Selection and Convolutional Neural Networks
EEG signals have become a promising source for emotion recognition due to their ability to capture the brain's electrical activity connected with different emotional conditions. In this work, a novel approach is proposed that integrates Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-based feature selection with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for improved EEG emotion classification. The method with the preprocessing of a notch filter to eliminate noise and enhance the quality of the EEG signals. Key features, including Magnitude Squared Coherence Estimate (MSCE) and Power Spectral Density (PSD), are extracted to capture essential frequency-domain information. PSO is employed to optimize the selection of features, reducing dimensionality while preserving the most relevant and informative attributes for emotion recognition. The optimized feature was subsequently passed to a CNN classifier, which improves the model's capability to accurately differentiate between different emotional states. This study is implemented using Python software to analyze emotion, and the effectiveness of the proposed approach is assessed using the EEG Brainwave dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach delivers an accuracy of 92.6% and a precision of 91%, highlighting its effectiveness in real-time, high-precision emotion recognition from EEG data. 2025 IEEE. -
Edufusion: Integrating Artificial Intelligence With Teaching Practices to Enhance Learning Experiences
The present research explores the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on traditional teaching methods in the education sector. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical studies, the present research aims to elucidate the transformative potential of AI technologies in reshaping pedagogical practices and enhancing learning outcomes. The study aims to provide the integrated perspective on the ever changing dynamics influenced by the incorporation of AI in the current education system through a meticulously conducted questionnaire- based investigation involving a diverse pool of huge participants, primarily students from the region of Delhi NCR. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Educators in the Post-COVID Digital Era: An Enquiry Through the Transformational Leadership Lens
Amidst the changing conditions brought about by the pandemic, educators face diverse challenges and opportunities in integrating digital technologies into their teaching/learning practices. Transformational leadership among educators, characterized by vision, inspiration, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation, emerges as a crucial factor in guiding educators through this turbulent transition. This study explores the role of transformational leadership in facilitating educators' adaptation to the post-COVID digital era. Through a qualitative inquiry, employing semi-structured interviews, this research examines how transformational leadership styles inspire and support educators in embracing digital tools and pedagogies. By using reflexive thematic analysis, the study explores the interplay between transformational leadership and the usage of information and communication technology. The analysis will seek to uncover insights into the mechanisms driving educators' acceptance and adoption of digital technologies in the post-COVID educational landscape. The findings offer implications for educational leaders, policymakers, and practitioners aiming to foster effective technology integration strategies and enhance teaching and learning outcomes in the digital era. 2026 by Anupama Sadasivan, Divya Dosaya and Athira M. -
Educational technology at pivotal crossroads
Educational technology startups, commonly referred to as EdTech, combine education and innovative technology to transform school environments and improve student learning outcomes. Set against the backdrop of primary and secondary schools, this exploratory study uncovers the most important factors affecting the growth of EdTech startups in Bengaluru, India. Drawing on Isenberg's Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Model (2010, 2011) this exploratory, qualitative study concludes that "lack of conducive culture, infrastructure support, and finance as well as inadequacies in entrepreneurial approach and value addition" affect the growth of startups in EdTech Entrepreneurial landscape. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved. -
Educational perspectives on digital technologies in modeling and management
The complexity of managing and modeling various systems, from social networks to educational institutions and technical systems, has reached unprecedented levels. Traditional approaches struggle to keep pace with the dynamic nature of these challenges, leaving scholars, educators, and professionals searching for innovative solutions. This growing problem calls for a comprehensive guide to harnessing the potential of digital technologies for effective modeling and management. Educational Perspectives on Digital Technologies in Modeling and Management is a groundbreaking book that addresses the pressing need for modern solutions to keep up with the evolving challenges of modeling systems. This research book emerges from the collaborative efforts of teaching staff from leading universities, and years of dedicated scientific research and experimentation. It focuses on modeling complex systems using digital technologies, presenting fresh insights and innovative methodologies for academics, scholars, and aspiring professionals who are delving into the world of digitalization of economic processes and their management. The text caters to the specific needs of educators, IT professionals, and business analysts. Covering a wide array of topics, from information security to speaker verification and turbulent gas flow, this book serves as a valuable resource for a diverse audience seeking to excel in their respective fields. Educational Perspectives on Digital Technologies in Modeling and Management is the solution to the contemporary challenges of modeling and managing complex systems. Whether you are a teaching staff member at a higher educational institution, a graduate student in computer science, or an IT professional striving to stay at the forefront of your field, this book is your indispensable guide to unlocking the power of digital technologies. 2024 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. All rights reserved. -
Educational Perspectives of the Metaverse
The article presents a comprehensive review of the transformational potential of metaverses in the field of modern education. A multidimensional analysis of this technology is carried out, considering it not only as a technical innovation, but also as a fundamentally new educational paradigm. The paper explores in detail the unique capabilities of metaverses for creating immersive learning environments where traditional educational formats are combined with innovative approaches such as gamification and project activities in virtual space. The article pays special attention to the practical aspects of the use of metaverses in the educational process. Methodologically, the article identifies three key areas for the successful realization of the educational potential of the metaverses: technical (providing infrastructure and accessibility), organizational (developing a regulatory framework and standards) and pedagogical (creating effective didactic models). In conclusion, the article emphasizes that the full realization of the educational potential of the metaverse is possible only with a systematic approach that comprehensively takes into account technological, organizational and pedagogical aspects. Such a multi-level approach will make it possible to transform the metaverse from a promising, but still experimental technology into an effective educational tool of a new generation. Only in this case will the metaverses be able to become a catalyst for profound changes in the learning system, ensuring its adaptation to the requirements of the rapidly developing digital reality. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
Educational Perspective & Antecedental Outcomes of Green HRM for Employees Sustainable Behaviour
It is necessary to equip employees with green abilities and develop their dedication towards sustainable behaviour to improve an organizations sustainable performance. The objective of this study is to assess the direct effects of green human resource management on employees' sustainable behaviour (ESB) and the mediating role of employees' educational perspectives (EPE). The study is based on responses from 320 IT sector employees in India. The findings suggest that green HRM has a significant positive impact on employees' sustainable behaviour (ESB) and that the impact is strengthened by the education perspective of employees (EPE). The findings are significant, given the growing importance of sustainability in the organizational context 2022, Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities.All Rights Reserved. -
Educational Management System Using Hybrid Blockchain Network
This work explores integrating blockchain technology into the education system, focusing on academic Records and administrative control systems. It addresses challenges in data handling and security in centralized education administration. The proposed framework entails a Hybrid blockchain network that integrates elements of both private and public blockchains. In this architecture, the public network functions as a university network, while individual nodes within it represent distinct colleges, each equipped with its exclusive private network. Private blockchain manages registration, secure hash generation, and student assessment, while public blockchain handles record management. Adding a randomized mining algorithm to public blockchains and a proof of authority consensus mechanism strengthens transaction security. Introducing a voting miner selection algorithm in private blockchains further enhances security measures. This integration represents a strategic evolution in education management systems, unlocking new security, scalability, and performance possibilities. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Educational leadership and the politics of the day
This chapter sheds light on the pivotal convergence of educational leadership and the current political environment, explicitly emphasizing the obstacles, grit, and support networks that minority women encounter. Leaders demonstrate resilience in facing obstacles such as underrepresentation and navigating policy changes, underscoring the importance of addressing distinctive challenges. Inclusionary leadership and proactive measures include diversity initiatives, inclusive cultures, and support networks. It is of the utmost importance to address pay disparities, advance intersectionality awareness, and encourage research on inclusive leadership. Ongoing endeavours should eradicate systemic obstacles, promote equitable policies, and foster diverse representation. The narratives of minority women leaders underscore the transformative power of resilience, mentorship, and advocacy, emphasizing the critical need for a more inclusive educational system from a strategic standpoint. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Educational Foundations on Cultural Immersion and Sustainable Development
Cultural immersion is experiential learning that fosters deep understanding of cultural exchange. Its power lies in driving sustainable development across global communities. This chapter analyzes cultural immersion through SDG 4's Quality Education framework, focusing on inclusive learning, vocational training, and sustainability education. These elements build intercultural competence and nurture responsible global citizenship. The study explores how cultural immersion supports sustainable development through quality education. Its theoretical framework reveals how experiential learning transforms perspectives and practices. Ultimately, this approach demonstrates cultural immersion's capacity to shape societies by connecting knowledge, empathy and concrete action, creating a more interconnected world from a holistic perspective. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Educational Deprivation of the Tribes Insights from the Block-level Study
The paper examines the nature of tribal deprivation, with specific focus on the issue of education. The research delves into the supply- and the demand-side factors, which determined the state of education within a region. Reaffirming the deprivation faced by the tribal communities, the study identifies specific factors that cause marginalisation. It points to the failure of the uniform tribal development programme to deal with the context-specific problems and thereby achieving the targeted results. The paper suggests the importance of not assuming the homogeneity of tribal societies, and need for public policies that are sensitive to this fact, in order to translate the goal of empowerment into a reality. 2023 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved.