Browse Items (16481 total)
Sort by:
-
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: BRIDGING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
The paper discusses Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a mediating strategy between corporate management and community development in the diverse situations. Indeed, acknowledging the fact that CSR is no longer a pure concept of voluntary charity, but rather a significant part of business logic, the study was conducted with a qualitative and posthumanistic approach through the prism of situated inquiry. Semi-structured interviews with document and artefact analysis, and some field observation was conducted in India, Nigeria, and Saudi Arabia with 27 participants who were corporate managers and NGO and community stakeholders. Findings show that on one hand CSR is integrated as a strategy with organizational objectives, but on the other hand the perceptions differ so much. Interactions historically and the level of participatory planning tended to focus relationships. Digital dashboards were a form of technology that mediated transparency but posed the threat of dehumanizing engagement. There were continuation tensions between performance-based strategies and community-based ethics. The research comes to the conclusion that effective CSR presupposes a combination of strategic intent and trust-building and shared responsibility. It is suggested that collaborative project design, long-term partnership, and proper technological support are to be used as, rather than a substitute to direct community interaction. This issue is to be investigated in the future with respect to how non-human forces and time processes can determine the impressions and results of CSR. On the whole, the study highlights that the transformative aspect of CSR is adaptive, relational, and circumstentially-sensitive practices. 2025. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. (https://cre-ativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). -
Corporate social responsibility: a cluster analysis of manufacturing firms in India
Purpose: This paper aims to identify the corporate social responsibility (CSR) patterns of Indian manufacturing firms using a CSR index based on ISO26000 and Indias National Voluntary CSR Guidelines. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 121 manufacturing enterprises in the national capital region (NCR) were surveyed. The questions related to the involvement of CSR in business strategy, involvement in CSR planning, involvement in environmental activities, involvement in social activities, monitoring, evaluation and involvement in CSR, reporting and policy and deployment of CSR. A two-step cluster analysis using log-likelihood measures was used to identify groupings in the data set based on their performance across the seven issues. Findings: The two distinctive segments identified adopted intermediate CSR activities, and one undertook advanced CSR activities. Research limitations/implications: This study has several limitations. First, the survey data were drawn exclusively from medium-sized enterprises in the NCR. Second, all the indicators in the CSR index were equally weighted. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the literature by grouping manufacturers CSR activities based on seven dimensions suggested in ISO26000 and Indias National Voluntary Guidelines. The results of this study can help managers, boards and regulators better understand CSR and identify ways to improve it further. 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Corporate social responsibility of Tata company - A public relations strategy /
Tata Group, a global enterprise was founded by Jamshedji Tata in the year 1868. The conglomerate is headquartered in India. The company comprises over 100 liberated functioning businesses. Tata Sons is the main parent and major investment stock company and also the promoter of various other Tata companies. Tata as a company believes in providing quality products and services to its customers. But at the same time they also maintain good employee relationship through loyalty programs and initiatives. -
Corporate social responsibility assurance, board characteristics and social performance disclosure. Evidence of listed firms in India
The study examines board characteristics, corporate social responsibility (CSR) assurance and social performance disclosure of listed firms before and after mandatory CSR reporting in India. We used the Indian stock market as the testing grounds and applied panel regression and difference-in-differences to analyse 960 firm-year observations between 2010 and 2021. The first findings show that independent board directors and total board size are insignificant in CSR assurance engagement in a mandatory CSR policy period. However, CEO duality is less than likely causing CSR assurance engagement. The second findings show that CSR assurance engagement more than likely causes an increase in social performance disclosure before mandatory CSR policy implementation and increases social performance after policy implementation. The third findings show that the interactive effect of board characteristics (independent directors, total board size and CEO duality) and CSR assurance engagement causes an increase in social performance disclosure. The study sought clarity on the impact of CSR assurance and mandatory CSR reporting on information asymmetry problems to stakeholders. The study also contributes new knowledge on the influence of the interactive effect of board characteristics and CSR assurance on the social performance disclosure of listed firms in India. 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. -
Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Development Mapping: Practical Application Beer and Nigel Roome Model
Toyota is one of the highly appreciated companies for CSR performance in India. The central theme of this research paper is to apply Beers and Nigel Roome model of sustainability to the Japanese automobile manufacturer operating in India. In the first part of analysis, we have discussed the relevance of Beers model to the Toyota CSR activity. In the second part of analysis, we make an effort to take forward the work of Basavaraj et al. (2018) who framed the questionnaire to map the Nigel Roome model to Toyota CSR case. The contribution of this case is to bring the new dimension in data presentation and analysis of Roome theoretical model on weak sustainability versus strong sustainability. The case analysis provides new insights for CSR managers to map their performance pictorially using Tableau software. Finally, we conclude, Toyota follows significant components of cybernetic model. Due to conscious effort of Toyota, India has positioned itself substantially well in the CSR ranking. 2022, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. -
Corporate social responsibility and its impact on organizational attractiveness: Unveiling the mediating role of perceived organizational support
The central aim of the study is to investigate the mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) in the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and organizational attractiveness (OA). It employs a cross-sectional quantitative design, collecting data from diverse organizations. Multistage convenient sampling was used to collect responses from employees of 20 IT companies in Bengaluru. Insights from employees working in IT companies are collected through the questionnaire. There were 740 questionnaires distributed, of which only 396 were returned in their completeness state. Statistical analyses, including regression and bootstrapping techniques, were done using SPSS and AMOS to examine the mediating effect of POS. The study highlights a noteworthy mediating effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on the relationship between CSR initiative and organizational attractiveness. It was also revealed that POS partially mediates CSR and OA, significantly influencing CSR and OA. Managerial implications of this study are that the organization focusing primarily on employee support measures enhances the external reputation and develops internal commitment and loyalty. These insights furnish organizations with a strategic roadmap to navigate the dynamic realm of CSR and organizational attractiveness. 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. -
Corporate Social Performance and Firm Location: Empirical Evidence
The study addresses the relationship between firm location and the corporate social performance (CSP) of manufacturing enterprises in India. The study argues that a higher number of multinational corporations (MNCs) at a location leads to higher social performance. An environment and social involvement (ESI) index, based on ISO26000 and National Voluntary Guidelines, has been used to measure the corporate social performance of manufacturing enterprises. The data are obtained through questionnaires from a survey of 121 medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in the national capital region in India and analyzed through one-way ANOVA and linear regression. Results reveal that the presence of MNCs at the location of enterprises is significant to their CSP. The findings of the study aggregate to make original and substantive contributions to the CSP literature on the geography of strategic management. This research is valuable for social responsibility practitioners in developing countries for start-ups and small and medium enterprises who are seeking to enhance their understanding to formulate pragmatic and effective strategies to improve CSP. 2023 IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Corporate social initiatives and wealth creation for firms-an empirical examination
Purpose: This study aims to examine whether social initiatives adopted by firms lead to improved financial performance. The authors analyse the impact of different elements of social initiatives on wealth creation for firms in terms of operating and market performance. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on the social initiative scores of over 4,500 firms collected from Thomson Reuters' ESG database. The study uses two-stage least squares (2SLS) to analyse the relationship between social initiatives and firm performance. Findings: Profitable, mature, capital intensive and firms with high sales growth rate tend to invest more in social initiatives. Firms with high agency costs invest in social initiatives for workforce efficiency, maintaining human rights and product responsibility. The study documents evidence that social investments are value creating mechanism for firms which leads to improved financial performance in terms of operating and stock market performance. Firms with high dividend intensity invest in social initiatives for workforce welfare and human rights initiatives. Investment in employee well-being and community initiatives results in intangible benefits such as improved stock market valuation. Practical implications: The research model has not considered the impact of intervening variables to understand the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance. Social implications: Firms ought to recognize that social investment is beneficial in terms of value creation of firms as stock market perceive such investments favourably. Firms must focus more on community development initiatives and workforce initiatives for the value creation of firms compared to investments directed towards human rights initiatives and product responsibility initiatives. Originality/value: This study focusses exclusively on the social dimension of the CSR activities. The authors examine the impact of social welfare scores on firm performance by analysing the valuation effects on scores representing workforce, human rights, community and product responsibility. Moreover, the paper also examines the impact of a new dimension of product responsibility on firm performance. They also focus on both aspects of financial performance in terms of operating performance (proxied by ROE) and the joint impact of both operating and market performance (proxied by Tobins Q). This paper contributes to the research on the linkage of social performance to financial performance by observing that firms with high agency cost characteristics tend to invest in social initiatives for work force efficiency, maintaining human rights and product responsibility. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
Corporate social initiatives and wealth creation for firms-an empirical examination
Purpose: This study aims to examine whether social initiatives adopted by firms lead to improved financial performance. The authors analyse the impact of different elements of social initiatives on wealth creation for firms in terms of operating and market performance. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on the social initiative scores of over 4,500 firms collected from Thomson Reuters' ESG database. The study uses two-stage least squares (2SLS) to analyse the relationship between social initiatives and firm performance. Findings: Profitable, mature, capital intensive and firms with high sales growth rate tend to invest more in social initiatives. Firms with high agency costs invest in social initiatives for workforce efficiency, maintaining human rights and product responsibility. The study documents evidence that social investments are value creating mechanism for firms which leads to improved financial performance in terms of operating and stock market performance. Firms with high dividend intensity invest in social initiatives for workforce welfare and human rights initiatives. Investment in employee well-being and community initiatives results in intangible benefits such as improved stock market valuation. Practical implications: The research model has not considered the impact of intervening variables to understand the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance. Social implications: Firms ought to recognize that social investment is beneficial in terms of value creation of firms as stock market perceive such investments favourably. Firms must focus more on community development initiatives and workforce initiatives for the value creation of firms compared to investments directed towards human rights initiatives and product responsibility initiatives. Originality/value: This study focusses exclusively on the social dimension of the CSR activities. The authors examine the impact of social welfare scores on firm performance by analysing the valuation effects on scores representing workforce, human rights, community and product responsibility. Moreover, the paper also examines the impact of a new dimension of product responsibility on firm performance. They also focus on both aspects of financial performance in terms of operating performance (proxied by ROE) and the joint impact of both operating and market performance (proxied by Tobins Q). This paper contributes to the research on the linkage of social performance to financial performance by observing that firms with high agency cost characteristics tend to invest in social initiatives for work force efficiency, maintaining human rights and product responsibility. 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited. -
-
Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process Under Insolvency and Bankruptcy : A Critical Study
A robust legal system is essential for corporations to carry on business smoothly. Previously in India, winding up and corporate rescue were dealt in multiple legislations for different entities. Provisions relating to winding up of companies were found in The Indian Companies Act 1913, Indian Companies Act, 1956 and further in the Companies Act, 2013. These provisions did not ensure expeditious winding up procedures and the same affected the interest of stakeholders. newlineThe increase in NPA compelled the need to bring an efficient framework to protect the rights of creditors and debtors. As a solution to this IBC was enacted in 2016, to facilitate timely resolution of insolvency and bankruptcy. This research aims to critically analyze the provisions of corporate insolvency resolution process, to examine whether IBC is facilitating newlinerehabilitation of insolvent corporations and protecting the interest of creditors, so as to balance their interests. It further aims to outline a draft policy for a better insolvency resolution process in India. Primary data for the study was collected through a structured interview of stakeholders and conclusion was drawn through a qualitative thematic analysis using NVivo software. The findings showed that, through CIRP there is debt recovery for financial creditors, but it is not expeditious. There are multiple reasons for the delay. The operational creditors are not able to newlinerecover from the process and as a result, many of them are turning insolvent. The rights of the corporate debtor are protected under the Code but they are not adequately protected under the Code as there is no value maximization under the Code. There are many delays in the process, resulting in more companies going into liquidation. IBC is a debtor friendly legislation. Both resolution and liquidation benefit the corporate debtor as it helps the company to resolve its newlineinsolvency. -
Corporate governance practices and shareholder protection in India
The present study aims to study the corporate governance practices and shareholder protection among Indian companies. For this purpose a sample of 100 companies are selected. The selected companies listed in BSE 100 Index. The required data are collected from various secondary sources like company website, annual report, notices and annual general meeting. Data were collected using a structured schedule adapted from G20/OECD principles of corporate governance. The finding of the study indicates that out of the selected companies, the level of practicing the corporate governance are not the same. The result of this study will help investors in identifying the companies for their investment, based on their priorities by keeping corporate governance scorecard as a benchmark. It will also be helpful for companies to see their scorecard and check the parameters for improvement and to attract and safeguard the investors and other stakeholders. This study will also add value to the existing literature in their relevant field. Indian Institute of Finance. -
Corporate governance for sustainable development
Governance relates to structures and processes within an organisation to ensure greater accountability, a higher sense of responsiveness, transparency, and rule of law. Corporate governance balances the interests of a company's many stakeholders, such as shareholders, customers, vendors, financiers, the government, the community, and, very importantly, its own employees. While traditionally corporates had one clear agenda-i.e., make more profits and increase the shareholders' wealth-the 21st century saw the corporates turning a new leaf and looking at their growth from a societal perspective, specifically those relating to sustainable development like environmental protection. In the classical case of poor corporate governance, in the year 1984, the city Bhopal in India witnessed the most nightmarish experience, with the death of 16,000 people due to the leakage of a poisonous gas. 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved. -
Corporate diversification and firms financial performance: an empirical evidence from Indian IT sector
The aim of this research paper is to provide empirical evidence on the effect of geographic and segment diversification on the financial performance of the Indian IT sector. The study was done on 12 listed IT firms representing 93% market share on BSE/NSE. Standard econometric regression analysis on panel data was carried out to find the stated relationship. The results of the regression analysis revealed that international/geographic diversification impacted strongly on IT firms profitability whereas product/segment diversification had no significant impact on the firms profitability. This study also proves the existence of demand for Indian IT sector in other countries. These results could be useful in decision making for top managers of IT companies as they advocate the need for diversification (specialisation) and growth in size and also provide encouragement to small-scale Indian IT companies to undertake international diversification activities with confidence. Copyright 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Corporate Default Prediction Model: Evidence from the Indian Industrial Sector
The unprecedented pandemic COVID-19 has impacted businesses across the globe. A significant jump in the credit default risk is expected. Credit default is an indicator of financial distress experienced by the business. Credit default often leads to bankruptcy filing against the defaulting company. In India, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) is the law that governs insolvency and bankruptcy. As reported by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI), the number of companies filing for bankruptcy under IBC is on a rise, and the industrial sector has witnessed the maximum number of bankruptcy filings. The present article attempts to develop a credit default prediction model for the Indian industrial sector based on a sample of 164 companies comprising an equal number of defaulting and nondefaulting companies. A total of 120 companies are used as training samples and 44 companies as the testing samples. Binary logistic regression analysis is employed to develop the model. The diagnostic ability of the model is tested using receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve and annual accuracy. According to the study, return on assets, current ratio, debt to total assets ratio, sales to working capital ratio and cash flow to total assets ratio is statistically significant in predicting default. The findings of the study have significant implications in lending and investment decisions. 2021 MDI. -
Corporate Credit Rating Assessment for Financial Risk and Regulatory Compliance
Accurate corporate credit rating is crucial to financial risk management and regulation but the current models tend to use narrow data modalities, fail to consider time and relational relationships and have weak probabilistic calibration. These constraints make them less effective in detecting the risk of default and under pinning decision-making that is in line with the regulator. The objective of this study was to formulate and test a multimodal model with a time-dependent credit rating system to incorporate financial, textual, market and relational information. The publicly available corporate financial statements, market time series data, text disclosures and inter-firm relational information were used to conduct an experimental study. Baseline logistic regression, a hybrid XGBoost with FinBERT embeddings model, and a proposed Temporal Heterogeneous Graph Transformer with cross-modal fusion were implemented and compared using discrimination, calibration, and computational efficiency metrics. The model proposed had the best predictive performance up to a ROC-AUC of 0.903 and PR-AUC of 0.482 which is better than the baseline (0.761) and hybrid (0.842) models. Calibration analysis revealed more correspondence with observed default frequencies, and confusion matrices revealed that the number of true default detection improved as 64 (baseline) to 158. Ablation and Pareto analysis was used to verify that multimodal fusion and temporal graph modelling were the major sources of performance improvements. These findings indicate that the combination of multimodal, temporal, and relational data has a significant positive effect on the accuracy and reliability of credit ratings and provides an institutional and supervisory-appropriate credit risk evaluation framework to the regulator. 2026 IEEE. -
Coronal Elemental Abundances During A-Class Solar Flares Observed by Chandrayaan-2 XSM
The abundances of low first ionization potential (FIP) elements are three to four times higher in the closed loop active corona than in the photosphere, known as the FIP effect. Observations suggest that the abundances vary in different coronal structures. Here, we use the soft X-ray spectroscopic measurements from the Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) onboard the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter to study the FIP effect in multiple A-class flares observed during the minimum of Solar Cycle 24. Using time-integrated spectral analysis, we derive the average temperature, emission measure, and the abundances of four elements Mg, Al, Si, and S. We find that the temperature and emission measure scales with the sub-class of flares while the measured abundances show an intermediate FIP bias for the lower A-flares (e.g. A1), while for the higher A-flares, the FIP bias is near unity. To investigate it further, we perform a time-resolved spectral analysis for a sample of the A-class flares and examine the evolution of temperature, emission measure, and abundances. We find that the abundances drop from the coronal values towards their photospheric values in the impulsive phase of the flares and, after the impulsive phase, they quickly return to the usual coronal values. The transition of the abundances from the coronal to photospheric values in the impulsive phase of the flares indicates the injection of fresh unfractionated material from the lower solar atmosphere to the corona due to chromospheric evaporation. However, explaining the quick recovery of the abundances from the photospheric to coronal values in the decay phase of the flare is challenging. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. -
Copper-Embedded Aminothiazole-Engineered Nanocatalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2to Alcohols
The electrochemical reduction of CO2(CO2ER) to value-added products such as methanol and ethanol is gaining significant attention as a sustainable solution to excess carbon footprints and increased energy demand. To this end, we present the electrochemical preparation of a copper-coordinated aminothiazole metallopolymer (CAM), which fosters efficient charge transfer through multiple redox couples. The prepared CAM electrode displayed excellent efficiency toward the selective production of methanol and ethanol at a low potential of ?0.73 V vs RHE, marking a significant achievement. Notably, the incorporation of Cu species along with the nitrogen- and sulfur-containing heterocyclic group of polyaminothiazole (AMp) allowed easy stabilization of the intermediates over the electrode surface, with a marked shift from C1to C2product formation. The study explores the dynamic aspects of the electrocatalyst leading to such pronounced selectivity. These findings are pivotal in encouraging more research toward the profitable production of electrofuels, particularly for decarbonizing the transportation and industrial sectors. 2025 American Chemical Society -
Copper-boosted thiol-functionalized carbon nanospheres from biomass: a novel non-noble metal based recoverable catalyst for efficient nitro-to-amine reduction
In this work, the synthesis and catalytic activity of thiol-functionalized copper-deposited porous carbon derived from dry oil palm leaves (Cu/TF-CNS) was investigated for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. The procedure to synthesize porous carbon nanospheres involves the pyrolysis of oil palm leaves in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1000 C. The resulting porous carbon material was further functionalized with thiol groups to facilitate the uniform deposition of copper nanoparticles and serve as an efficient support. Excellent catalytic performance was shown by the Cu/TF-CNS catalyst in reducing aromatic nitro compounds to their corresponding aromatic amines with a low copper loading of only 4 mol% which is an inexpensive non-noble metal in the presence of NaBH4 as a reducing agent and EtOH/H2O as green solvents. The products were identified using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The catalyst was isolated from the reaction mixture and reused upto 10 cycles without any significant loss in the activity. The ICPAES analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of approximately 8.9% Cu during the deposition process and the reusability of the catalyst underscores its efficacy as a sustainable and effective heterogeneous catalyst for nitroarene reduction. 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry. -
Copper oxide modified biphasic titania for enhanced hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting
Recently, TiO2(B) has been extensively used in catalytic and energy fields owing to its exceptional crystal structure. But being a metastable state, TiO2(B) is transformed easily into other stable crystalline forms like anatase or rutile phase, and the low crystallinity limits the application of the material in catalysis. A combination of TiO2(B) with anatase, which is benefitted by a homojunction, is proven to be blessed with high activity. Herein, hydrogen production via photocatalytic water-splitting is presented using Cu modified biphasic titania nanotubes achieved by a facile hydrothermal procedure. The systems are well characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, N2 adsorption study, FTIR, DR-UV, Raman, Photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectral analysis. The homo-junction developed in titania due to anatase TiO2 (B), as well as the heterojunction created by the co-catalyst, tune the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes positively, as evident from the enhanced hydrogen production over the system. 2023