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Research progress of MXenes and MXenes-based catalysts for photocatalytic water splitting: A systematic review
The field of two-dimensional (2D) materials has witnessed remarkable growth over the years, especially on a class of materials known as MXenes. MXenes have garnered significant attention for their exceptional physicochemical properties, which include high electrical and thermal conductivity, large surface area, adjustable bandgap, and hydrophilicity. These characteristics have paved the way for a diverse range of applications, including photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, sensing, and biomedicine. MXenes have been recognized to be particularly effective in applications such as photocatalytic hydrogen production through water splitting reactions. This involves using MXenes as cocatalysts to enhance the efficiency of the photocatalytic process. In this review, the various synthetic methods for producing MXenes and MXenes-based catalysts are summarized, shedding light on the versatility of their fabrication techniques. The underlying mechanisms of photocatalytic H2 evolution are explored, providing insights into how MXenes function as cocatalysts in these reactions. These mechanisms are crucial for understanding the enhancement of H2 production and improving the overall efficiency of the water splitting process. Furthermore, the review delves into the challenges that researchers face when utilizing MXenes and MXene-based materials for electrocatalytic water splitting. These challenges serve as motivation for further exploration and innovation in the field, driving the development of more efficient and sustainable electrocatalytic systems. In this discussion, the potential future applications of MXenes and their composites in electrocatalytic water splitting and other fields are explored. This suggests that ongoing research and advancements in MXene-based materials have the potential to revolutionize various technological areas, contributing to the development of cleaner energy sources and more efficient catalytic processes. 2024 Elsevier Ltd -
Research Trends on Workplace Criminal Behaviour: A Bibliometric Analysis
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the research landscape surrounding Workplace Criminal Behaviour (WCB), examining its evolution over time. By focusing on thematic areas, research trends, and patterns of scholarly output, the study offers a systematic overview of scientific contributions in this field. A total of 767 peer-reviewed publications were retrieved from the scientific database and analyzed using bibliometric techniques. The findings indicate that scholarly interest in WCB began to gain momentum in 1989, marking a significant turning point in the field. The analysis also highlights the most prominent institutions, journals, and influential scholars contributing to the field. Keyword mapping revealed closely related areas of inquiry, including white-collar crime, workplace theft, and corporate crime, reflecting the multidimensional nature of WCB research. This study offers a valuable resource for emerging scholars, outlining key areas of focus, frequently used methodologies, high-impact publication outlets, and potential collaborators. By mapping the intellectual structure of the field, the findings contribute to shaping future research directions and fostering more targeted and impactful scholarly efforts in workplace criminal behaviour. (2026), (South-West University "Neofit Rilski"). All rights reserved. -
ResFruitGrader: Leveraging Residual Networks for Advanced Fruit Quality Grading Systems
The rising agricultural industrys requirement for effective sorting and grading procedures has increased the demand for automated and precise fruit quality assessment in recent years. This study aims to attain high classification accuracy by investigating the use of Convolutional Neural Networks for fruit quality identification. As customers place a higher value on fresh and wholesome options, the agriculture and food industries must meet rising demands for premium produce. Fruit quality must be guaranteed since it directly affects consumer happiness and the profitability of the sector. Preprocessing methods, CNN model creation, training, and evaluation utilizing cutting-edge deep learning techniques comprise the methodology applied in our study. The research demonstrates the CNN-based methods stability and dependability in identifying a range of quality attributes, such as fruit imperfections, size, color, and maturity. The suggested CNN architecture performs remarkably well, recognizing fruit quality parameters with a 99.5% accuracy rate by utilizing a collection of various fruit photos. A promising path for improving efficiency and accuracy in fruit quality assessment within the agricultural industry is provided by the researchs insights into the transferability and scalability of the developed model for practical applications in automated fruit sorting systems. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025. -
Reshaping the Education Sector of Manipur Through Blockchain
The use of technology in education has been over a century, yet blockchain is in its nascent stage in education. Over the years, technology has enhanced the teaching-learning method, and blockchain can improve even in the administrative section of education. The states of North East, India, in general, lag behind the rest of Indian states in almost all sectors, and the lack of transparency in the administrative sector significantly contributed to it. If blockchain is incorporated into the education department at the administrative level, it could pave the way for a faster, more transparent, and smoother administration. Given the harsh reality that transportation is hard and expensive, a standardised blockchain can alleviate the need to be physically present for any academic-related activity. The attempt of this study would be to show how blockchain can be beneficially used even at the institutional level, where unabated printing could be reduced and adopting to e-paper be maximised. Besides the educational institutions, the administrative sector in education could profitably use them in offices, thereby avoiding red tape for the common people. The chapter points out how blockchain can be a trailblazer in reshaping the education sector in Manipur. Educational institutions must take the lead towards a sustainable future, and blockchain can aid in bringing some visible change in the educational sector. This chapter uses an interdisciplinary approach to substantiate the importance and need for blockchain in the context of Manipur to change for a sustainable future. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. -
Residual stress analysis on functionally graded 8% Y2O3-ZrO2 and NiCrAlY thermal barrier coatings
Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) protect metallic components that operate in high temperature environments and enhance their service life. The conventional two-layered TBC system consists of a duplex ceramic top coat (TC) fabricated from 8 wt% yttria stabilized zirconia (8-YSZ) and an underlying bond coat (BC) comprised of intermetallic layers such as NiAl or MCrAlY (M = Co, Ni) etc. In the present study, functionally graded material (FGM) TBCs were fabricated by introducing a third blend layer of 8-YSZ and NiCrAlY, in between the BC and TC in order to enhance the thermal fatigue life of the TBC. The blend layer in FGM TBCs provides a smoother transition in thermal expansion properties between the metallic substrate and the top ceramic coat (8YSZ) which have widely different thermal expansion characteristics compared with each other. In service, thermal fatigue introduces severe tensile stresses between the coated layers and the substrates leading to ultimate detachment of the coatings from the substrates. In this work, residual stress analysis by Cos ? method was carried out as a non-destructive assessment tool to foresee the likelihood of onset of failure in the TBCs, well before the damage was visible. The two-layered (conventional) and three-layered (FGM) TBCs were synthesized on Inconel 718 substrates by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) technique. The TBCs were subjected to thermal fatigue tests between 1200? (by using gas flame) and ambient temperature and evaluated for residual stress analysis at different stages of thermal fatigue testing. The goal was to assess if residual stress analysis could be used to determine if the TBC was about to fail well before the delamination occurred and the catastrophic failure could be avoided. The tests conducted and results obtained are presented. 2022 -
Residual stresses analysis on thermal barrier coatingsndt tool for condition assessment
Improvement in the engine efficiency follows reduction in fuel consumption which is possible by increasing the engine combustion temperature. Coating the piston of diesel engine with a high temperature-resistant material, known as thermal barrier coating, generally 68% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2, is a popular method to reduce the temperature it experiences in service and to increase engine efficiency. Whether bare or coated component, fabrication and different thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic coating and piston metal cause generation of residual stresses in them. These hidden residual stresses (tensile or compressive) play a significant role in governing the failure mechanism of the different sections of the components and their important role (also developed in service) is mostly neglected in engineering practices. Residual stresses analysis of components in service may throw light on the condition of the components without destroying them. In this work, portable X-ray residual stress analyzer was used to evaluate the condition of AlSi alloys piston flat plates that were coated with 250-m-thick 68% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 and subjected to thermal treatments. The analysis revealed (a) residual stress-free pattern for uncoated AlSi substrate, (b) compressive residual stress at the substrate (AlSi)coating (TBC) interface and (c) tensile residual stress at the substrate (AlSi)coating (TBC) interface of a thermal shocked coated substrate. The analysis method exhibited good possibility for using this as a tool for non-destructive testing for predicting the onset of failure at the coating substrate interface, without destroying the component in service. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020. -
Residual-based MEWMA control charts in the presence of multicollinearity
Statistical Process Control has been performing a critical role in attaining quality assurance from historic times to the modern era. Examining and governing the process variables involves rigorous stages and several control charts. The multivariate process is considered for a more comprehensive understanding of handling multiple correlated variables of the process. The study here focuses on the unique creation and deployment of residual-based Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average control charts in the presence of multicollinearity, specially constructed and evaluated for Phase I and Phase II. The chart offers a reliable framework for understanding shifts in multivariate processes across time from minor to moderate changes in process parameters. Agro-Economy data of Indian States for the years 2019 and 2020 are utilized in an application example. The proposed residual-based MEWMA control charts detect out-of-control circumstances with few false alarms and this is critical for rapid interventions, resulting in optimal crop management and production. 2025, Prince of Songkla University. All rights reserved. -
Residual-Based Statistical Process Control Charts in the Presence of Multicollinearity: an EWMA Framework with (RK) Estimator
Reliability monitoring of financial health requires strong control mechanisms, and the residual chart is an invaluable instrument to perform it. One of the key problems statisticians face while modeling is the problem of multicollinearity which arises when there is a strong correlation between independent variables leading to imprecise coefficient estimates and poor outcomes. To solve this problem and to make sure that the control chart works even with correlated data, we integrated a Weighted Moving Average Exponential smoothing chart within the modeling technique. The theoretical approach assures long-term variability and consistency of the residual control chart. These control charts are used to understand the process and the performances in various sectors. The charts can be used as analytical instruments to help recognize patterns, variations, or anomalies in economic indicators specifically in budget deficit data and facilitate rapid identification of any changes or inconsistencies in the fiscal deficit by policymakers. Further advances in statistical process control are rendered feasible by this study, which deepens the understanding and awareness of the potential uses and implications of the Weighted Moving Average Exponential smoothing chart for fiscal deficit data in the Economic realm. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. -
Resilience Amidst Neglect: Analyzing Government Failures and Community Strengths in the Wayanad Crisis
Disaster-prone areas are geographically, environmentally, or climatically vulnerable to natural disasters and require strong preparedness and adaptation. Collaboration, indigenous knowledge, and resource mobilization help communities recover and rebuild after crises, reducing vulnerability. This study investigates the catastrophic landslide in Wayanad, Kerala, in July 2024, to analyze governmental inadequacies in disaster preparedness and the notable resilience strategies exhibited by the local community. The landslide, intensified by unregulated development in ecologically vulnerable areas, underscores the failure to execute essential environmental recommendations, including those specified in the Madhav Gadgil and Kasturirangan reports. Notwithstanding these challenges, the community's swift response via local organization, resource mobilization, and local leadership was instrumental in alleviating additional losses and facilitating recovery. The research highlights the relationship among crisis management, community empowerment, and environmental sustainability in areas susceptible to disasters. This research analyzes the Wayanad disaster and proposes a model that integrates proactive policy measures with community-driven strategies to bolster resilience and diminish vulnerability in ecologically sensitive areas. The RESTORE Model Framework is a comprehensive methodology for disaster management, highlighting Resilience, Early Warning, Sustainability, and Strategic Collaboration as fundamental components. The results underscore the imperative for collaborative frameworks that incorporate government entities, local stakeholders, and environmental specialists to enhance disaster management systems. 2026, IDRiM Society. All rights reserved. -
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Resilience and Human-Centric Perspectives for Organizations in Industry 5.0
In the emerging world researchers put forward the idea of industry 5.0, focusing on the concept of human centricity, sustainability and resilience approaches in the organizations. Industry 5.0 includes technological advancement along with giving importance to the human capital. During the past, the industrial revolution emphasized the productivity, production quality and growth of business. There was less importance for the human capital and employees well being in the changing industrial style giving importance to the human capital, by integrating technological advancements. It is recognised for the societal values that are embedded, the whole industry 5.0 revolves around sustainability, human centric and resilience in the organization. In this book chapter we explore the concept and applicability of these topics. The book chapter used literature review method and case study analysis for thorough understanding of the subject. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Resilience in Children from Different Socioeconomic Backgrounds: An Exploratory Study
Poverty, violence, substance abuse, family dissonance and illness represent a few potential vulnerabilities in the lives of children who are at risk of failing in their future prospects. It is thus essential to explore resilience in children, owing to the excess or deficit of exposure and access in a childs life. This study aims at exploring the resilience of children of the age group 710years, from different socioeconomic backgrounds. The socioeconomic status was determined using the Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale and these children had parents with authoritarian and permissive parenting styles which were screened through the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire which act as risk factors for the children. Data was collected through individual semi-structured interviews with the participants and was analysed using thematic analysis. For the lower socioeconomic status group, the main themes identified were social interaction and competence, overcoming distress and future focus, and for the upper socioeconomic status group, the main themes identified were social interaction and competence and emotional management. The study paves the way for further exploration of the impact of economic status on childrens wellbeing and might inform changes at a clinical, research and policy level. 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. -
Resilience in Children from Different Socioeconomic Backgrounds: An Exploratory Study
Poverty, violence, substance abuse, family dissonance and illness represent a few potential vulnerabilities in the lives of children who are at risk of failing in their future prospects. It is thus essential to explore resilience in children, owing to the excess or deficit of exposure and access in a childs life. This study aims at exploring the resilience of children of the age group 710years, from different socioeconomic backgrounds. The socioeconomic status was determined using the Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale and these children had parents with authoritarian and permissive parenting styles which were screened through the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire which act as risk factors for the children. Data was collected through individual semi-structured interviews with the participants and was analysed using thematic analysis. For the lower socioeconomic status group, the main themes identified were social interaction and competence, overcoming distress and future focus, and for the upper socioeconomic status group, the main themes identified were social interaction and competence and emotional management. The study paves the way for further exploration of the impact of economic status on childrens wellbeing and might inform changes at a clinical, research and policy level. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. -
Resilience in Education: Addressing Addiction and Cultivating Mindfulness for Well-Being
The critical significance of addressing precarity within the neoliberal education system is the implementation of comprehensive interventions and support systems. The text identifies addiction, resilience, and mindfulness as crucial elements in addressing the intricate challenges that individuals encounter within educational environments. Substance abuse frequently manifests as a means of coping with tension, highlighting the criticality of robust support networks. Mindfulness is a potentially effective strategy for navigating uncertainty through cultivating resilience and emotional regulation. Support systems for mental health and mentoring programs, examples of initiatives that foster resilience, are crucial in enabling individuals to confront precarious circumstances effectively. Adopting a comprehensive strategy incorporating mindfulness, addiction treatment, and resilience development is imperative to advancing educational equity and well-being. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Resilience in the crucible: Compassion fatigue among Indian clinical psychologists and the need for mental health policy reform
Objectives: Compassion fatigue (CF) significantly affects mental health professionals, especially in high-stress, resource-limited contexts. Despite its impact on therapeutic outcomes, little is known about how Indian clinical psychologists experience and manage CF. This study explored the lived experiences of CF among RCI-licensed Indian clinical psychologists, focusing on protective and risk factors in the post-pandemic context. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was employed. Ten clinical psychologists from urban and semi-urban India were purposively sampled. Semi-structured interviews explored experiences of CF, resilience, and self-efficacy. Thematic analysis was informed by Figley's Compassion Fatigue Model and the Conservation of Resources Theory. Results: Four major themes emerged: (1) Professional Competence and Growth; (2) Therapeutic Relationship; (3) Professional Challenges, including vicarious trauma and boundary-setting; and (4) Self-Care and Support. Participants frequently reported emotional exhaustion and vicarious trauma, but also described post-traumatic growth and reflective practice as buffers. Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for policy-level interventions to address CF among Indian clinical psychologists. Enhancing clinical supervision, integrating trauma-informed curricula, and strengthening institutional support systems are critical for sustaining practitioner resilience and ethical therapeutic care in India's mental health landscape. Key practitioner message: Addressing compassion fatigue through supervision, policy reform, and resilience-building is vital for therapist well-being and service sustainability. 2026 Elsevier Inc. -
Resilience Strategies and Sustainability in Business
Businesses must develop robust resilience strategies to guarantee durable sustainability in a volatile global environment marked by rapid technological advancements, climate change, and socio-economic uncertainties. This chapter explores the intersection of resilience and sustainability in business, focusing on how companies can adapt to disruptions while fostering sustainable practices that contribute to their longevity and success. Resilience strategies involve the capacity of a business to anticipate, prepare for, and respond to disruptions, whether they stem from economic downturns, natural disasters, or shifts in consumer behavior. These strategies encompass risk management, adaptive leadership, and the integration of flexible operational models. By building resilient infrastructures and cultivating a culture of innovation, businesses can navigate challenges more effectively, maintaining continuity and minimizing losses during crises. Sustainability refers to adopting practices that meet current needs without conceding the strength of future generations to meet theirs. Sustainable business practices include reducing environmental impact, supporting social equity, and guaranteeing economic viability. Incorporating sustainability into core business strategies addresses global challenges like climate change and enhances brand reputation, customer loyalty, and long-term profitability. The synergy between resilience and sustainability is essential for modern businesses. By embedding sustainability into resilience strategies, companies can create value beyond financial performance, contributing to environmental stewardship and social well-being. This holistic approach positions businesses to thrive in an uncertain future, balancing immediate resilience with sustainable growth. As businesses increasingly recognize the significance of these strategies, they are better prepared to withstand disruptions and achieve long-term success in a rapidly evolving world. 2026 Godwin Ayodeji Nwogu -
Resilience-oriented optimal integration of photovoltaic, fast-charging stations, and energy storage systems in radial distribution systems
This study proposes a bilevel, resilience-oriented optimization framework for the coordinated allocation of photovoltaic (PV) and fast-charging stations (FCS) and battery energy storage with DSTATCOM (BESDSTATCOM) in radial distribution networks. Unlike existing approaches, the proposed method captures both the grid-connected performance and islanding resilience within a unified framework. The problem is formulated as a single-objective optimization to minimize the real power loss, while the voltage profile and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are evaluated as performance indices. The complexity of the single-objective, multi-constraint, and multivariable optimization problem was solved using the Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (COA), which was selected for its balanced explorationexploitation capability and fast convergence characteristics compared with conventional algorithms. The results on the IEEE 33-bus radial distribution network reveal that the uncoordinated integration of FCSs significantly deteriorates the system performance, increasing the real power losses by 48, 163, and 183% and GHG emissions by 28, 53, and 67% for one, two, and three FCSs, respectively. However, coordinated PV integration effectively mitigates these impacts, achieving up to ?93% loss reduction, improving the minimum voltage from 0.913 p.u. to 0.992 p.u., and reducing GHG emissions by up to ?88%. Furthermore, optimal PV penetration levels (up to 86.6%) are critical for emission reduction. Under islanding conditions, the BESDSTATCOM ensures energy balance and can effectively neutralize grid-based emissions. Comparative analysis confirmed that COA provided robust and consistent convergence compared to HPO and AOA. Overall, the study contributes to the achievement of United Nations goals, particularly Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), Sustainable Development Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and Sustainable Development Goal 13 (Climate Action), by promoting sustainable energy integration, cleaner transportation, and reduced environmental emissions within modern power distribution systems. 2026 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -
Resilience: Future Trends and Challenges in Small and Medium Enterprises
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are essential drivers of innovation, employment, and economic growth in the global economy. However, the rapid technological advancements associated with Industry 5.0 introduce unprecedented challenges and vulnerabilities for these businesses. This chapter delves into the resilience of SMEs, with a focus on the future trends and challenges that will shape their survival and growth in this ever-evolving environment. By leveraging secondary data from reputable databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, this study synthesizes the available literature to deliver a thorough analysis of SME resilience. In addition to digital transformation, this chapter discusses the growing importance of sustainability in building resilience. It advocates for the adoption of sustainable practices that mitigate environmental risks while aligning with the increasing demand for corporate social responsibility. This chapter also underscores the necessity of fostering a resilient organizational culture capable of withstanding economic and political uncertainties. By leveraging data from previous studies, this chapter offers practical recommendations for enhancing SME resilience. It can be a critical resource for policymakers, business leaders, and researchers seeking to understand and address the factors that will determine the future success and sustainability of SMEs in the age of Industry 5.0. 2026 Mohit Sharma, Rishi Chaudhry, Raj Kumar, Nitika Malik and Kuldeep Chaudhary -
Resilient strategies for sustainable tourism development: a land use analysis of the Kannur-Iritty corridor in Kerala, India
The study explores the resilience of the KannurIritty corridor in northern Kerala, where rapid infrastructural growth following the opening of Kannur International Airport in 2018 has reshaped mobility, land use, and tourism potential. The primary objective is to identify specific areas where challenges exist and provide policy recommendations to promote resilient and sustainable tourism development along the corridor. Integrating spatial, environmental, and perceptual data, the analysis develops a composite framework to assess environmental, infrastructural, socio-economic, and governance resilience. Results reveal strong infrastructural connectivity but moderate ecological and community adaptability. Water quality deterioration and unplanned land conversion reduce ecological resilience, while limited local awareness constrains adaptive tourism diversification. Conversely, peri-urban zones with mixed land use demonstrate higher potential for low-impact tourism such as farm and eco-tourism. Strengthening corridor governance through integrated land-use control, water-quality restoration, and community participation is essential to sustain tourism resilience. The study recommends targeted policy interventions, prioritizing sustainable infrastructure, decentralized waste management, and participatory tourism planning, to align regional development with Keralas responsible tourism agenda and provide a replicable model for other emerging tourism corridors in India. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. -
