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Building Global Teaching Capacity Among Pre-Service Teachers: Epistemological and Positional Framing in an Internationally Paired, Authentic Practicum
Building the capacity of pre-service teachers to work in globalized cross-cultural environments is essential to cope with the challenges of the 21st century. This study establishes the value of internationally paired, authentically collaborative practicums with strong epistemological and positional framing in pursuing such capacity development. It was conducted among 90 pre-service teachers from three different universities in Australia and India who participated in a three-week paired practicum in three schools in India. The practicum included the collaborative production of an integrated Australian and Indian combined theme presented in a whole school forum. Mixed methods and a design-based research approach yielded data affirming that such a model did indeed provide pre-service teachers with the confidence to teach in increasingly diverse classrooms and contexts, while also identifying which aspects of this practicum model were most influential in this regard. 2021 European Association for International Education. -
Building Emotions Awareness in the Classroom
Emotional development begins in early childhood, with the school environment and educators playing a crucial role in shaping children's relationship with emotions. Integrating social-emotional learning (SEL) can foster the skills to manage strong emotions and build healthy relationships. Through their daily interactions and structured lessons, teachers can help children identify, regulate, and express feelings appropriately. Children who effectively manage their emotions play a vital role in promoting teachers' well-being and job satisfaction. Emotion regulation doesn't involve blanket strategies that work for everyone. This chapter will explore the variations in emotional development across the Pre-K to 12 age range, highlighting the distinct stages and characteristics unique to each phase. Therefore, the proposed strategies, with a strong focus on parent-teacher collaboration are designed to align with the child's developmental stage, ensuring maximum effectiveness and benefits. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Building Digital Relationships: Social Relationship Marketing Strategies to Generative AI
Artificial intelligence (AI) is redefining business process optimization to make business efficient, cheaper, and innovative. AI streamlines operations, automates processes, and enhances decision- making to enable business to serve customers better and remain competitive. AI solutions vary from customer services, supply chain management, finance, and human resource. AI chatbots provide 24/7 customer support, and predictive analytics enable optimized sales forecasting and inventory management. AI allows savings and creation of innovations by means of customized services. Challenges that do arise include the necessity of having quality data. AI has to be trained on huge volumes of data for it to be able to make sound predictions, and poor data quality will bring about the destruction of decision- making. Last but not least, investing in AI technology and experienced personnel can be exorbitant. 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Building Character Through Teaching Values: A Positive Youth Development Model for Student Engagement and Development
Character development is a fundamental aspect of whole person education, fostering ethical responsibility, resilience, and social-emotional competence in students. This chapter explores the role of teaching values as a cornerstone of Positive Youth Development (PYD), emphasizing how structured engagement in academic, extracurricular, and community activities shapes students' moral and personal growth. Grounded in PYD theory, this chapter presents a framework for integrating valuesbased education within higher educational institutions, highlighting key strategies such as mentorship, service learning, and student leadership. By cultivating essential virtues like respect, integrity, and empathy, educators can enhance student engagement, promote civic responsibility, and contribute to a thriving society. 2026 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. -
Building capabilities and workforce for metaverse-driven retail formats
The metaverse, a breakthrough virtual reality environment, offers boundless retail potential. Metaverse-driven retail needs a good strategy to succeed in a time of changing consumer expectations and the digital revolution. This chapter covers metaverse-driven retail preparation tactics. The metaverse allows retail innovation and adaptation during e-commerce and COVID-19 pandemic upheavals. Understanding metaverse dynamics and developing the abilities is crucial. Determine metaverse applicability to retail, define requisite capabilities, analyze staff competencies, and establish practical training and development programs. Examples include understanding metaverse technology, immersive shopping, datadriven personalization, and strong cybersecurity. Digital fluency, collaboration, design, and cybersecurity awareness are workforce competencies. This chapter stresses metaverse readiness through training, growth, and strategic alignment. It emphasizes that the metaverse transforms reality and opens up new possibilities. 2024, IGI Global. -
Building brand loyalty in the digital age: The power of social media engagement
This book chapter aims to provide information on the role of social media as a Digital Platform or Tool for emerging brands. It aims to find how emerging brands can use social media as digital platform to enhance brand awareness, engagement, reputation and consumer loyalty. This chapter also addresses the effect of Covid-19 pandemic which accelerated social media's role in marketing, as brands sought new ways to interact with consumers online. Additionally, it underscores the increasing complexity of brand loyalty in social media era where influencer marketing significantly impacts consumer perception. The Chapter also reveals the importance of Instagram marketing for emerging brands in building brand awareness. It also helps in fostering engagement with consumers, driving brand loyalty to create a strong online presence and differentiate themselves in the competitive market. 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing. -
Building an International Entrepreneurship Index using the PSR framework
This paper builds an International Index for Entrepreneurship (IIE) for the year 2018, by using a conceptual framework named PSR (Pressures-State-Response) to encapsulate the contextual aspect of entrepreneurship globally. In the past, the indices have used a methodological framework of composite indices. This paper uses the PSR framework to show how these indicators fall into the categories of pressure, state, and response, and concentrates on how these subsystems are interrelated. The study considers 41 countries for the construction of the index. We also check the correlation between the IIE and other growth indicators such as the corruption perception index, the economic freedom summary index, GDP per capita, and trade openness using suitable statistical tools.The correlation analysis demonstrates that the IIE and the Economic Freedom Summary Index have a positive association. 2022 IEEE. -
Building an Industry Standard Novel Language Model Using Named Entities
In every Industry, there is a significant amount of text used in their specific domains. As these are less prevalent in the testing set, anticipating entity names in a language model is a problem faced by the entire industry. In this research a unique and very effective strategy for creating exclusionary classification models that could map entity names based on entity type information is provided. A group of benchmark datasets based on Mortgage is presented, which we used to test the below-presented model. According to experimental findings, our model achieves a perplexity level that is 64% higher than that of the most advanced language models. 2022 IEEE. -
Building a sustainable relationship between customers and marketers
Finding new customers is costlier than retaining the existing customers for the business. Therefore, building a strong relationship with customers helps marketers to retain their existing customers. Incorporating ethical and moral values into marketing activities offer a way to build a strong relationship. This study identifies the factors that bind customers and marketers into a sustainable relationship in the Indian context. This study constitutes a framework to understand and apply sustainable relationship marketing in the personal care industry. This study touches certain marketing disciplines such as marketing mix policy, transparency in trades, building trust, product delivery, promises delivery, and sustainable relationship. The convenience sampling technique used for the selection of respondents from the Mohali City of Punjab, and interview them. The finding suggests that promises delivery is the most important factor for a sustainable relationship. If promises are delivered effectively then the life of the relationship will be longer. Copyright 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. -
Building a sustainable brand in textile industry
The textile industry is at a pivotal moment where integrating sustainability into brand strategies is not merely an ethical obligation but a competitive necessity. This study highlights three key approaches-adoption of circular economy principles, implementation of blockchain technology for supply chain transparency, and the use of innovative, sustainable materials-that are shaping the future of sustainable brand development in the textile sector. -
Building a resilient future: collaborative sustainability regulation
The challenge of sustainability lies in achieving a balance between satisfying present needs and protecting resources for future generations with an emphasis on its three pillars - environmental, social and governance. This study explored sustainable development encompassing environmental, social and governance aspects along with sustainability reporting through various sustainability frameworks. A systematic review of literature for the period 2010-23 on major worldwide sustainability frameworks was conducted, by offering insights into enhancing reporting mechanisms for a sustainable future. Secondary data related to sustainability reports were obtained from the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board and International Integrated Reporting Council, which helped in examining sector and year variations across countries. The results reflected that mandatory sustainability disclosures help to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and global sustainability frameworks help to set standards, disseminate information and promote transparency. Collaboration of investment, company action and sustainability organizations can lead to a sustainable global economy. The adoption of sustainability reporting can help organizations by fostering a proper understanding of sustainability practices, improving transparency and identifying potential business opportunities in sectors with lower sustainability. The paper provided insights into sustainability reporting published across various countries in both advanced as well as emerging and developing economies. The analysis showed which sectors and time periods have had the most sustainability reports and which areas needed to be targeted for action to advance sustainable development. 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy. -
BUILDING A DATA ETHICAL FUTURE: Data Policies and Frameworks
Technology-driven choices are shaping the digital engagement of individuals and policymakers. Rapid technological advancements and the increasing utilisation of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have presented profound ethical challenges concerning privacy, accountability, and transparency. Existing Data Acts, internet policies, and government frameworks fall short of protecting individuals and states from violations of their digital footprints. This article advocates for a human-centric approach to data ethics, drawing on the concept of the common good, as articulated by John Rawls. Through a systematic review of global data privacy laws, acts, guidelines, and practices, the article examines potential disparities and emphasises the need for universal data legislation, guidelines, and policies. It highlights the significance of data policies and frameworks in fostering ethical data usage, trust, and integrity. By applying Kants philosophy of respecting individuals autonomy, the article emphasises the importance of informed consent and recommends ethical guidelines for both users and content creators. 2023, Journal of Dharma: Dharmaram Journal of Religions and Philosophies (DVK, Bangalore) -
Buffer-Induced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by a Cobalt Pentadentate Complex in Water
Elucidating proton transfer dynamics in water represents one of the most challenging problems in water splitting reactions due to the presence of multiple proton donors, which complicates the overall reaction kinetics. This study examines the impact of buffer pKa and its concentration on catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution catalyzed by a CoIII complex (1). The results demonstrate that buffer increases the catalytic rate of the hydrogen evolution reaction. This enhanced activity is supported by the number of buffer acids possessing varying pKa values, with 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid yielding the maximum catalytic current. A linear free energy relationship, a characteristic of a Brsted-type mechanism, is observed between the buffers pKa and catalytic rate constants. This substantiates that the rate-limiting step is controlled by the proton delivery mediated by the buffer acids. Moreover, the observed inhibition in catalytic activity at a higher concentration of buffer reveals the possible binding interaction between buffer and the cobalt center, thereby impeding substrate access. These findings underscore the critical role of buffer identity and its concentration in optimizing the proton-dependent catalytic reactions in water. 2026 American Chemical Society -
Buffer zones in Wayanad: A social constructivist exploration into farmers mental health
Buffer zones are regions set aside to border protected areas to preserve biodiversity, control interactions between people and wildlife, and foster sustainable development. The majority of research on buffer zones focuses on ecological issues, and little is known about how they affect local communities mental health. This study explores buffer zones potential consequences on farmers mental health in Wayanad. Through purposive sampling, eleven participants residing in Wayanad were recruited for the study. The socio-demographics of participants were collected through printed translated questionnaires. The qualitative exploration of their lived experiences, perceptions, and coping strategies was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke was used to gain a clearer understanding of the data collected. Through in-depth analysis of the data, it was identified that Mental Health Factors, Communication Factors, Financial Impact, Operational Stress, Interference of Judiciary and Legislature, and Seclusion of the Tribal Community were the issues the farmers faced in Wayanad. The results will contribute to the expanding mental health field and give policymakers, conservationists, and mental health professionals information about the potential psychological effects of buffer zones and guide them in creating suitable interventions and support systems to improve mental health. The Author(s) 2024. -
Buffer zones in Wayanad: A social constructivist exploration into farmers mental health
Buffer zones are regions set aside to border protected areas to preserve biodiversity, control interactions between people and wildlife, and foster sustainable development. The majority of research on buffer zones focuses on ecological issues, and little is known about how they affect local communities mental health. This study explores buffer zones potential consequences on farmers mental health in Wayanad. Through purposive sampling, eleven participants residing in Wayanad were recruited for the study. The socio-demographics of participants were collected through printed translated questionnaires. The qualitative exploration of their lived experiences, perceptions, and coping strategies was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke was used to gain a clearer understanding of the data collected. Through in-depth analysis of the data, it was identified that Mental Health Factors, Communication Factors, Financial Impact, Operational Stress, Interference of Judiciary and Legislature, and Seclusion of the Tribal Community were the issues the farmers faced in Wayanad. The results will contribute to the expanding mental health field and give policymakers, conservationists, and mental health professionals information about the potential psychological effects of buffer zones and guide them in creating suitable interventions and support systems to improve mental health. The Author(s) 2024. -
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Buddha
The stamp was originally issued on 2nd May 2007. -
BTS: Belonging and Becoming
[No abstract available] -
Bt cotton and the voices of the widows in the face of farmer-suicides
This article deploys the culture-centered approach to foreground the everyday constructions of farmer-suicides amid the agrarian epidemic among the farmer-widows to attend to the everyday structures that constitute the meanings of the suicides. The depictions of the patriarchal structures of decision-making in agriculture are intertwined with the broader erasure of the interplays of inequality in farmers experiences from the discursive sites of neoliberal agriculture. Furthermore, the voices of the widows disrupt the monolithic construction of agricultural technologies as tools of modernization and progress dominant in the development communication scholarship, instead, depicting the ways in which new technologies (such as Bt cotton) are constituted within, and reproduce, the overarching inequalities. 2020 National Communication Association. -
BSSA: Binary Salp Swarm Algorithm with Hybrid Data Transformation for Feature Selection
Feature selection is a technique commonly used in Data Mining and Machine Learning. Traditional feature selection methods, when applied to large datasets, generate a large number of feature subsets. Selecting optimal features within this high dimensional data space is time-consuming and negatively affects the system's performance. This paper proposes a new binary Salp Swarm Algorithm (bSSA) for selecting the best feature set from transformed datasets. The proposed feature selection method first transforms the original data-set using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and fast Independent Component Analysis (fastICA) based hybrid data transformation methods; next, a binary Salp Swarm optimizer is used for finding the best features. The proposed feature selection approach improves accuracy and eliminates the selection of irrelevant features. We validate our technique on fifteen different benchmark data sets. We conduct an extensive study to measure the performance and feature selection accuracy of the proposed technique. The proposed bSSA is compared to Binary Genetic Algorithm (bGA), Binary Binomial Cuckoo Search (bBCS), Binary Grey Wolf Optimizer (bGWO), Binary Competitive Swarm Optimizer (bCSO), and Binary Crow Search Algorithm (bCSA). The proposed method attains a mean accuracy of 95.26% with 7.78% features on PCA-fastICA transformed datasets. The results show that bSSA outperforms the existing methods for the majority of the performance measures. 2013 IEEE.